We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 41
Fundamentals of Market
Risk Management
By
DR. EMMANUEL MOORE ABOLO
08021003297
aboloemma@gmail.com
mail@drabolomoore.comOUTLINE
Types of Financial Risk
Concept of Trading and Banking Book
IFRS Categorization of Banks Assets and Liabilities
Trading Book & Banking Book
Introduction to Risks in Trading and Banking
Sources of Risk in Trading & Banking Book
Classification of Market Risk
Market Risk
Sources of Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk in the Banking Book
Introduction to Instruments
Instruments Classification
Market Risk Framework
Best Practice in Market Risk Management
Market Risk Framework Diagram
Risk Identification Matrix
Market Risk Measurement Framework
Market Risk Measurement TechniquesOUTLINE
Setting Limits
= Setting Up Limits
* Risk Monitoring & Control, Risk Reporting
= Whatis Basel Says
i ‘Structure of the New Basel Capital Accord
* Pillar 1: Minimum Capital Requirements
= Capital Computation Approaches
* Rethinking the Market Risk Process
+ Establish Top Management Oversight
= Deploy Best Practices Framework
* Adopt appropriate Organisation Structure
+ Invest in Good Technology
* Use Hedging Techniques Judiciously
* Ensure Robust Market to Market
* Establish Good Operational Processes
* — Measure, Monitor & Manage - Value at Risk
>> SummaryTypes of financial riskIFRS CATEGORIZATION OF BANKS ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
>» Held to Maturity (HTM)
+ Financial Instruments held with the intention of holding til maturity are
classified under this category.
>» Held for Trading (HFT)
+ Financial instruments acquired or incurred for the purpose of sale or
repurchase in the near term.
>» Available for Sale (AFS)
* Financial Instruments which cannot be classified as HFT or HTM are
classified under this category.TRADING BOOK & BANKING BOOK
What is Trading Book?
Positions taken with the intent of benefitting from short term price
movement in market prices, and hence with an intent of trading in
short term, are assigned to Trading book.
What is Banking Book?
* Positions that are not included in the Trading Book are part of the
Banking Book.Sources of Risks in Trading & Banking BookClassification of Market Risk
aan
on
a
on
siti |Market Risk
Market Risk Types
Interest Rate Risk
Equity Risk
Foreign Exchange Risk
Commodity Risk
44
Instru
Derivatives
Non-Derivatives
Derivatives
Non-Derivatives
Derivatives
Non-Derivatives
Derivatives
Non-Derivatives
eat
Futures/Forwards/Swaps/Option
Debt Securities
Futures/Forwards/Swaps/Option on
Individual Equity/index
Cash Position in Equity
Futures/Forwards/Swaps/Option in
Foreign Exchange
Cash Positions in Forex/Gold
Futures/Forwards/Swaps/Option in
Commodities
Cash positions in commoditiesSources of Market Risk
Market Risk primarily arises on account of Trading activitiesInterest Rate Risk in the Banking Book
Interest Rate Risk in the Banking Book
+ Interest Rate Risk in the Banking book is defined as the current or prospective risk to both the
Earnings and Capital of the Bank arising out of adverse movements in interest rates:Instruments Classification
Ronee amc
anon cys
Te
Sesto}
Ce
6Best Practices in Market Risk Management
leasure, Monitor & Manage — Value at Risk
Stress TestsMarket Risk Framework
>>>>Not an end in itself, but a key instrument to meet the objectiveRisk Identification Matrix
SC ee
ANT Cn ela ac OC a Cr
Cee Ci ane ae ao cae
Currency Forward Y v x v x x q y Y
Gross Curreney i , x v x x y y Y
Swap
Forvign Currency Y v i V x Y y 1
Option
Foreign Currency q V i x x y y y
{Non -
Government)
Caltable Coupon
Bond
Forign Currency \ \ x v x x y y 1
(Non =
Government)
Coupon Bond
Fixed Coupon Y 4 v x x x a x x x
(Government)
Bond
Treasury Bill y y 1 x oe x x x x x
Commercial Paper . y x x x x y v 120Market Risk Measurement Techniques
High
Scope of cakculation
Comple of capital charge
ity of includes the following
Instrum categories:
ents
Foreign Exchange:
Gold, Commodities
Equities
Sinterest rate
instruments
Low
Evolution of Risk Measurement techniques
24Setting Up Limits
Exposure Limit (EL) reflects celing on a bank’s
exposure across banking and trading books on
any dimension such as industry, geography,
sector, counterparty etc. to avoid risk of
‘concentration
Risk Limits are limits set based on the risk
measure for the particular exposure,
Stop loss limits ere defined as limits set on
losses in order to cut losses incurred in a security
‘or portfolio.24Risk Monitoring, Control & Reporting
Risk Management System
Lines of Reporting
Responsibility Allocation
Own Risk & Solvency Assessment
Limit Setting & Risk Assessment
Internal Audit Function
Regulatory Reporting
Internal ReportingWhat Basel says?
»> Is it a fool proof system which will ensure NO LOSSES will occur?
»> What if LOSSES still occur?
® Maintain Capital
™ Basel Standards prescribe how to Measure how much capital to keep
26Structure of the New Basel Capital Accord
Pillar 1 Pillar 2 Pillar 3
Minimum Capital.