5 Read the blog again. Write true (7), false (F) or does not say (DNS) next to the statements below. 1 [tis impossible to grow food in urban areas — 2 The author has noticed almost a 40% increase in the cost of food, ___ 3. Restaurants like Chez Fitz will become more common in the future, —__ 4 Chez Fitz tries to minimize food miles 5. Food prices are going up in Turkey. __ 6 To eat at Moda regularly, you would have to be relatively wealthy 6 The blog author uses informal language. Match informal words and phrases (I-6) to formal words (a-). Use the context to help you. 1 kick off a expensive 2 yummy b holidays 3 pricey ¢ import 4 hols d delicious 5. bring over e criticize 6 havea goat F begin READING BETWEEN THE LINES. Maine iurerences 7 Work with a partner. Discuss the questions below. FROM THE TEXT 1 Do you think the blog author likes perfectionists? 2 Why do you think the chef gave a discount to the blog's readers? 3. Why do you think the blogger's shopping was more expensive? DISCUSSION 8 Work with a partner. Discuss the questions below. 1 What types of food are grown where you live? Are they eaten locally or ate they sold elsewhere? 2 Should you believe restaurant reviews you read online? Why / Why not? 3 Do you read blogs or reviews online? Why / Why not? READING 2 PREPARING TO READ Good paragraphs in formal writing usually start with topic sentences, These tell you the subject of the paragraph. By reading the first sentence of each paragraph ina text, you can often get a good idea of the overall content and also which paragraph to look at if you need some specific information.Ere 1 Read the topic sentences below. Work with a partner and discuss what you think the rest of each paragraph will be about, 1 One country whose food has a long history of being ‘globalized’ Italy 2. Food has always been very important for Italian families 3 Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. 4 On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in ttaly 5 In summary, globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. 2. Skim read the essay and check your predictions. What impact has globalization had on food and eating habits in Italy? 41. Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of the world, but one country whose food has a long history of being ‘globalized’ is Italy. If you walk down any main street inany major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes ints own eating habits due to influence from other countries. Tis essay will examine some of these changes and th iss they raise 2. Food has always been very important for Italian families. lalians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pasta — a basic, Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area, Families would also have made the ‘sauces to eat with the pasta at home, In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food ‘was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. 3. Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing thei meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy arthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and is sold relatively cheaply in the supermarkets, Ready- made pasta sauces are also increasingly popular — sales have doubled in the lst ive yeas, according to one manufactures, Another important change in Italian cating habits isthe increasing popularity of foreign cise, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods, This tend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes 4. These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the pls side, globalization has inereased the range of food available in Tal. Talians now have much more choice in terms of what they cat. They also do not need 0 spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destrction of local and national specialities, Consequently, many Halians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common, 5 In summary, globalization has bad a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home- cooked meals, and the availability of foreign foods has greatly increased. While this extra choice is welcomed by some, others fear the damage it may cause to Italian traditions, Possibly the global popularity of Halian food will ensure that it survives.WHILE READING 3 Read the essay again. Do topics (1-7) below refer to the past, the present senoineroe ‘or both? Tick the correct column. MAIN IDEAS past present both 1. mass production of pasta v 2. domestic production of pasta 3 lack of foreign food in Italy 4 worldwide popularity of Italian food 5. popularity of ready-made pasta sauces 6 popularity of frozen food 7 availability of Asian foods 4 Complete the sentences below with your own words. Write between four and eight words for each sentence. 1 Italfan restaurants can be found 2 Inthe past, Italians cooked 3 In Italian shops, you can now buy 4 Although recent changes mean Italians have more time and more choice, some dislike the fact that local food READING BETWEEN THE LINES SENTIEVING 5 Work with a partner. Discuss the questions below. PURPOSE AND 1 What types of reader do you think this essay is meant to appeal to? ‘AUDIENCE a people who have a general interest in food b people who are experts in Italian food € people who want to visit Italy on holiday 2 What do you think is the author's main intention in writing this essay? a to say that globalization has had a largely positive impact on Italian food b to say that globalization has damaged Italian culture ¢ to say that globalization has fundamentally changed Italian food DISCUSSION 6 Work with a partner. Discuss the questions below about your country. 1 What is the best-known national dish? Is it popular outside your country? 2 Is there a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside (or villages) and the food people eat in big cities? 3 Should governments stop the growth of multinational restaurant chains, to allow local, traditional restaurants to compete for customers? [UNLOCK READING AND WAITING SKILLS 4Ere tu © LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Academic alternatives to phrasal verbs When writing essays, itis important to use language which is more formal than you would use when speaking or in informal pieces of writing, Phrasal verbs, which usually consist of a main verb followed by a particle (eg. up, on),are less common in academic writing than in informal writing. Inacademic writing, phrasal verbs can often be replaced by a single word Using these alternatives will make your writing seem more formal and academic. 1 Match phrasal verbs (1-9) to academic verbs (a-i) 1 goon a increase 2 goup b continue 3 turn down study 4 look into d confuse 5 use up e remove 6 mixup f separate 7 leave out g refuse 8 take away h exclude 9 move apart i exhaust 2 Replace the phrasal verbs in bold with the correct form of the academic verbs (a-j) from Exercise | 1 The amount of migrant labour is expected to go up 2 If multinational companies go on expanding, smaller local suppliers may die out. —___ 3 Academics have been looking into the implications of globalization for many years, 4 Immigration can lead to people becoming mixed up about their sense of nationality, —____ 5 Although many people benefit from globalization, others can also be left out 6 Immigrants without suitable qualifications may have their visa requests turned down 7 When a country’s natural resources are used up, they may need to rely ‘on other countries to supply them, 8 The need for workers from poor countries to seek work in rich countries can sometimes mean that families have to temporarily move apart, 9 Some supporters of global economic freedom believe that all trade barriers should be taken away.GLOBALIZATION VOCABULARY 3 Complete the text about globalization with words from the box. farms obesity diet monopoly outlets supermarkets consumption poverty multinational There are both advantages and disadvantages of globalization in terms of food. ‘On the negative side, (___ companies have been criticized for opening too many fast-food ©____ in developing countries. This is causing ©___in children, who are becoming addicted to a fatty westernized diet. Many of these companies are able to effectively set whatever price they like for the food because they have a “___. Therefore, they price their goods so they are cheaper than healthier local products and appeal to those people living in ©. (On the other hand, globalization means that people now have the possibility of more variety in their “. ©)______and fisheries means some products are more affordable and allow people to eat protein-rich foods on a regular basis for the first time. Large amounts of this food can often be bought cheaply by big ©. The development of large-scale and then sold to customers ata reasonable price. Because of these changes, ® of products such as meat has increased throughout the world CRITICAL THINKING At the end of this unit, you will write the first draft of an essay, Look at this unit’ writing task in the box below. How have food and eating habits changed in your country? Suggest some reasons for the changes. Providing supporting examples In academic writing, you need to justify and give supporting examples to any statements or opinions that you write, to show that they are trueee tu 1 Read the statements below from the essay on page 2I, and make a note UNDERSTAND of the examples given in the essay to support them. po eee 1 Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Supporting examples; 2. People’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited Supporting examples: 3 People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals Supporting examples; 4 Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality Supporting examples: 5. Globalization has become such a significant influence. Supporting examples: Tables and diagrams can often help you to organize information that you can use to support your ideas in an essay. 2 Complete the table below about eating habits in your country. cl Write two statements about the past and two about the present po For each statement, write one supporting example. food and eating habits (past) food and eating habits (now) statement example statement example UNLOCK READING AND WRITING SKIS 4 TN