ALLEN Chemical Bonding 1

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 1

CHEMICAL BONDING
EXERCISE (O-1)

VALENCY & OCTET RULE

1. The maximum covalency is equal to
(A) the number of unpaired p-electrons
(B) the number of paired d-electrons
(C) the number of unpaired s and p-electrons
(D) total number of unpaired electron in ground state or in excited state
Ans.(D)
Sol. Each unpaired electron make a bond so the maximum covalency is equal to total number of
unpaired electron in ground state or in excited state.

2. Statement-1 : POF3 exist but NOF3 does not exist.

Statement-2 : 'P' can form five bonds by expanding its octet while 'N' cannot expand its octet to
form five bonds.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is CORRECT explanation for
statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the CORRECT explanatio n
for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ans.(D)
Sol. Both molecule exist in form given below

'P' can form five bonds by expanding its octet using vacant 3d subshell while 'N' cannot expand its
octet to form five bonds due to absence of vacant orbitals.
Hence Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true
3. The types of bond present in N 2 O5 are

(A) only covalent (B) only ionic

(C) ionic and covalent (D) covalent & coordinate

E
2 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN

Ans.(D)
Sol. Covalent and coordinate

4. NH3 and BF3 combine readily because of the formation of :

(A) a covalent bond (B) a hydrogen bond

(C) a co-ordinate bond (D) an ionic bond
Ans.(C)
Sol. NH3 and BF3 combine using coordinate bond. Shown below

5. Which of the following molecule does not have co-ordinate bonds?

(A) CH3 –NC (B) CO (C) O 3 (D) CO 3 2 -

Ans.(D)
Sol.
A. CH3–N C

B. C O

C.

D. No Coordinate Bond

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 3

6. Which of the following species are hypervalent ?

1. AsF5 2. BF3 3. SF6 4.CO 3 2–

(A) 1, 2, ,3 (B) 1, 3 (C) 3,4 (D) 1, 2
Ans.(B)
Sol. Bond pair and lone pair electrons on central atom
AsF5 10
BF3 6
SF6 12
CO3 2– 8

VBT / HYBRIDISATION / VSEPR THEORY

7. What is the state of hybridisation of Xe in cationic part of solid XeF 6 ?
(A) sp3 d3 (B) sp3 d2 (C) sp3 d (D) sp3
Ans.(B)
Sol. in solid state XeF6 found as XeF5 + and F- . so hybridization of XeF5 + is sp3 d2 .

8. Which of the following diagram / statement is CORRECT for the hybrid orbitals ?

(A) s + py z’ z
(B) s + py + pZ  sp2 orbitals lie in the xy plane
(C) ns + np3 + any d2 results octahedral geometry of sp3 d2 hybrid orbitals.
(D) None of these
Ans.(D)
Sol.
(A) s + py y’ y
(B) s + py + pZ  sp2 orbitals lie in the xz plane
(C) ns + np3 + (dz2 + dx2 -y2 ) results octahedral geometry of sp3 d2 hybrid orbitals.

All 3 options are incorrect.

9. When 2s - 2s, 2p - 2p and 2p - 2s orbitals overlap, the bond strength decreases in the order :
(A) p–p > s–s > p–s (B) p–p > p–s > s–s (C) s–s > p–p > p–s (D) s–s > p–s > p–p
Ans.(B)
Sol. As we know that directional property of p orbital is more than s- orbital, thus p-p overlapping
is stronger than sp overlapping and s-p over lapping is stronger than s-s overlapping.
Overlapping strength 2p–2p, 2p–2s, 2s–2s

E
4 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN

10. Which of the following has been arranged in increasing order of size of the hybrid orbitals?
(A) sp < sp2 < sp3 (B) sp3 < sp2 < sp (C) sp2 < sp3 < sp (D) sp2 < sp < sp3
Ans.(A)
Sol. Length of Hybrid Orbital is decided / compared on the basis of p- character.
If p- character ↑ Length of Hybrid Orbital ↑
In sp hybrid orbital %p character is 50%
In sp2 hybrid orbital %p character is 66%
In sp3 hybrid orbital %p character is 75%
Thus correct order is sp < sp2 < sp3

11. In the context of carbon, which of the following is arranged in the CORRECT order of
electronegativity:
(A) sp > sp2 > sp3 (B) sp3 > sp2 > sp (C) sp2 > sp > sp3 (D) sp3 > sp > sp2
Ans.(A)
Sol. %s- character ↑ in hybrid orbital, electronegativity also ↑ because %s character ↑ , hybrid
orbital becomes closer to the nucleus and then tendency to pull the bonded e- ↑
In sp hybrid orbital %s character is 50%
In sp2 hybrid orbital %s character is 33%
In sp3 hybrid orbital %s character is 25%
Thus correct E.N. order is sp > sp2 > sp3
E.N. of sp hybrid orbital is 2.95
E.N. of sp2 hybrid orbital is 2.8
E.N. of sp3 hybrid orbital is 2.5

12. The CORRECT order of increasing s-character (in percentage) in the hybrid orbitals of following
molecules/ ions is :
(I) CO 3 2– (II) XeF4 (III) I3 – (IV) NCl3
(V) BeCl2
(A) II < III < IV < I < V (B) II < IV < III < V < I
(C) III < II < I < V < IV (D) II < IV < III < I < V
Ans.(A)
Sol.
molecule hybridization %s character
CO3 2– sp2 33
XeF4 sp3d2 16.6
I3 – sp3d 20
NCl3 sp3 25
BeCl2 sp 50

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 5

CORRECT ORDER: II < III < IV < I < V

13. Statement-1 : The species [I(CN)2 ]– is overall linear.
Statement-2 : I-atom and C-atoms are 'sp' hybridized
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is CORRECT explanation for
statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the CORRECT explanatio n
for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ans.(C)
Sol.

Linear, I  sp3d , C sp
-

Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.

14. Statement-1 : C3 O 2 has linear structure.

Statement-2 : Each C atom in C 3 O 2 is sp-hybridised.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is CORRECT explanation for
statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the CORRECT explanatio n
for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ans.(A)
Sol.

sp sp sp

E
6 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN

BOND ANGLE & BOND LENGTH

15. The CORRECT order of increasing X–O–X bond angle is (X = H, F or Cl) :
(A) H2 O > C12 O >OF2 (B) C12 O > H2 O > OF2
(C) OF2 > C12 O > H2O (D) OF2 > H2 O > Cl2 O
Ans.(B)
Sol. EN of surrounding atom increases, bond angle decreases

C12 O > H2 O > OF2

Due to bigger size of Cl angle increased

16. Arrange the following in order of decreasing N–O bond length : NO 2 +, NO 2 – , NO 3 – :-
(A) NO 3 – > NO 2 + > NO 2 – (B) NO 3 – > NO 2 – > NO 2 +
(B) (C) NO 2 + > NO 3 – > NO 2 – (D) NO 2 – > NO 3 – > NO 2 +
Ans.(B)
Sol.

Bond order: 4/3 < 3/2 < 2

Bond length order > >

17. Which has higher bond energy?

(A) F2 (B) Cl2 (C) Br2 (D) I2
Ans.(B)
Sol. Size  Bond energy 
And due to internal electronic repulsions in F 2, bond energy decreases
So Cl2 has higher bond energy.

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 7

18.Which of the following species is / are linear?

(A) H2 S (B) NH3 (C) CO 2 (D) SO 2
Ans.(C)
Sol.
H2 S Bent

NH3 Pyramidal

CO2 Linear

SO2 Bent

19.Which one of the following molecules is planar?

(A) NF3 (B) NCl3 (C) BF3 (D) PH3
Ans.(C)
Sol.
(A) NF3 Pyramidal

(B) NCl3 Pyramidal

(C) BF3 Trigonal planar

E
8 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN

(D) PH3 Pyramidal

20. The CORRECT order of increasing C—O bond length of CO, CO 3 2—, CO 2 is :
(A) CO 3 2– < CO 2 < CO (B) CO 2 < CO 3 2– < CO
(C) CO < CO 32– < CO2 (D) CO < CO 2 < CO 3 2–
Ans.(D)
Sol.
O C

Bond order: 3 > 2 > 4/3

Bond length order: < <

BENT'S RULE AND DRAGO'S RULE

21. C–H bond distance is the longest in:
(A) C2 H2 (B) C2 H4 (C) C2 H6 (D) C2 H2 Br2
Ans.(C)
Sol. Bond order  bond length 

C-C Bond order: 3 2 1 2

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 9

22. The bond angle and hybridization in ether (CH3 OCH3 ) is :

(A) 106°51', sp3 (B) 104°31', sp3 (C) 110°, sp3 (D) 109°28', sp3
Ans.(C)
Sol. Due to steric repulsion caused by large size of CH3 group size, bond angle increased from
109°28'

Hybridization sp3

23. Which of the following has been arranged in order of decreasing bond length?
(A) P–O > Cl–O > S–O (B) P–O > S–O > Cl–O
(B) (C) S–O > Cl–O > P–O (D) Cl–O > S–O > P–O
Ans.(B)
Sol. P–O > S–O > Cl–O (Bond length order)
As size of atom ↓, bond length also ↓ because internuclear distance also↓
Across the period from left to right size ↓ hence bond length order is P–O > S–O > Cl–O
P > S > Cl (size order)

24. Among the following, the CORRECT statement is :

(A) Between NH3 and PH3 , NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons
occupies spherical 's' orbital and is less directional
(B) Between NH3 and PH3 , PH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons
occupies sp3 orbital and is more directional
(C) Between NH3 and PH3 , NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons
occupies sp3 orbital and is more directional
(D) Between NH3 and PH3 , PH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons
occupies spherical 's' orbital and is less directional
Ans.(C)
Sol. In NH3 lone pair is presence in the sp3 hybrid orbital which is directional but PH 3 lone pair is
present in the s-orbital which is less directional.
In the hybrid orbital of NH 3 in which lone air is present, %s character is approx. 25% while in PH3
%s character in the orbital having lone pair is  100%.

E
1 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
0
25. Which of the following order is CORRECT for increasing p-character in orbital used for bonding
by central atom

(A) SiH4 > CH4 (B) H2 S > H2 O (C) PH4 + > PH3 (D) NH3 > PH3
Ans.(B)
Sol. Order of Bond Angle %s character in bond %p character in bond
(A) SiH4 = CH4 = 109° 28’ SiH4 = CH4 SiH4 = CH4
(B) H2S < H2O H 2 S < H2 O H2 S > H2 O
+
(C) PH4 > PH3 +
PH4 > PH3 PH4+ < PH3
(D) NH3 > PH3 NH3 > PH3 NH3 < PH3
If %s character in bond is higher then %p character in bond will be less.
Bond angle  %s character

BACK BONDING
26. Boron forms BX3 type of halides. The CORRECT increasing order of Lewis-acid strength of these
halides is
(A) BF3 > BCl3 > BBr3 > BI3
(B) BI3 > BBr3 > BCl3 > BF3
(C) BF3 > BI3 > BCl3 > BBr3
(D) BF3 > BCl3 > BI3 > BBr3
Ans.(B)
Sol.

Back bond type 2pπ - 2pπ 2pπ - 3pπ 2pπ - 4pπ 2pπ - 5pπ

Back bond strength: - BF3 > BCl3 > BBr3 > BI3
More effective back bonding, lesser vacant orbital and lesser electron pair acceptance capacity
So order of Lewis-acid strength: - BI3 > BBr3 > BCl3 > BF3

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 1
1
27. Select species which is planar at nitrogen :
(A) (CH3 )3 N (B) (SiH3 )3 N (C) NF3 (D) NH3
Ans.(B)
Sol.
pyramidal

planar

pyramidal

pyramidal

28. Type of back bonding in (SiH3 )2 O is :

(A) pπ – dπ (B) p π – p π (C) dπ – dπ (D) None of these

Ans.(A)
Sol. back bonding in (SiH3 )2 O is pπ – dπ type

pπ
dπ

E
1 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
2
MULTICENTERED BOND
29. The type of overlap in the bridge bond existing in Al2 (CH3 )6 is :-
(A) sp3 –sp3 d–sp3 (B) sp3 –sp2 –sp3 (C) sp3 –s–sp3 (D) sp3 –sp3 –sp3
Ans.(D)
Sol.
Bridge bond

sp3 sp3 sp3

30. Which one of the following statements is NOT true regarding diborane?
(A) It has two bridging hydrogens and four perpendicular to the rest.
(B) When methylated, the product is Me4 B2 H2
(C) The bridging hydrogens are in a plane perpendicular to the rest.
(D) All the B–H bond distances are equal.
Ans.(D)
Sol.

(A)As shown in diagram, it has two bridging hydrogens and four perpendicular to the rest.
(B)When methylated, the product is Me4 B2 H2 as 4 terminal H replaced by methyl groups
(C)Shown in diagram, the bridging hydrogens are in a plane perpendicular to the rest.
(D)Incorrect statement given as terminal B–H bond distances  Bridging B-H distances

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 1
3
31. The molecular shapes of diborane, is shown:
Consider the following statements for diborane :

(1) Boron is approximately sp3 hybridized

(2) B–H–B angle is 180°
(3) There are two terminal B–H bonds for each boron atom
(4) There are only 12 bonding electrons available Of these statements:
(A) 1, 3 and 4 are CORRECT
(B) 1, 2 and 3 are CORRECT
(C) 2, 3 and 4 are CORRECT
(D) 1, 2 and 4 are CORRECT
Ans.(A)
Sol.

sp3 Boron

As per B 2H6 diagram 1, 3 and 4 are CORRECT and 2 statement is incorrect as B–H–B angle is
83°.
SILICATE
32. The number of corners or O-atoms shared per tetrahedron for pyroxene chain silicate is -
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 2.5 (D) 1

Ans.(B)
Sol. Pyroxene chain silicate

O-atoms shared per tetrahedron

E
1 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
4

3 Fe2 [ Si8 022 ] (OH)2 (chrocidolite) is a :

The mineral Na2 Fe𝐈𝐈 𝐈𝐈𝐈
33.
(A) Pyroxene chain silicate (B) Sheet silicate
(C) Amphiboles chain silicate (D) 3D-silicate
Ans.(C)
Sol.

3 Fe2 [ Si8 022 ] (OH)2

Na2 Fe𝐈𝐈 𝐈𝐈𝐈

(+1×2)+(2×3) )+(3×2)+ X +(-1×2) = 0

X = -12

IT MEANS  [Si8022 ]-12

 2 ×[Si4011]-6 similar with Amphiboles chain silicate

34. The silicate anion in the mineral kinoite is a chain of three SiO 4 tetrahedra that share corners with
adjacent tetrahedra. The mineral also contains Ca2+ ions, Cu2+ ions, and water molecules in a 1:1:1
ratio mineral is represented as :
(A) CaCuSi3 O10 .H2 O (B) CaCuSi3 O 10 .2H2 O
(C) Ca2 Cu2 Si3 O10 .2H2 O (D) none of these
Ans.(C)
Sol.
As it shares corner with next so it forms linear structure with 𝑆𝑖𝑂32 −. Therefore, three unit will
have total negative charge of eight and positive charge will be same, so formula is
Ca2 Cu2 Si3 O 10 .2H2 O
 Ca2 Cu2 Si3 O10 .2H2 O
(2×2)+(2×2)+ (-8) + 2×0 = 0

ODD ELECTRON SPECIES

35. Hybridisation related to NO 2 molecule is -
(A) sp3 (B) sp (C) sp3 d (D) sp2
Ans.(D)
Sol.

Hybridization Type sp2

Bond Angle 134o

Geometry Bent

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 1
5
36. In which of the following processes, the magnetic behavior of the species is changed?
·

(A) 2CH3 C2 H6 (B) 2NO 2 N2 O 4 (C) 2ClO3 Cl2 O6 (D) All of these
Ans.(D)
Sol.
(A) 2CH3  C2 H6
Odd electron specie  all electrons paired
Paramagnetic diamagnetic
(B) 2NO 2  N2O4
Odd electron specie  all electrons paired
Paramagnetic diamagnetic
(C) 2ClO3  Cl2 O6
Odd electron specie  all electrons paired
Paramagnetic diamagnetic
HYDROLYSIS
37. Which of the following statement is CORRECT?
(A) BCl3 is not hydrolysed while SiCl 4 can be hydrolysed
(B) CCl4 is hydrolysed under ordinary condition
(C) XeF2 produces on hydrolysis Xe(OH)2 as the final product
(D) Hydrolysis of XeF2 is a redox reaction
Ans.(D)
Sol.

(A) BCl3 undergoes Hydrolysis to form boric acid (H3BO3) and HCl while SiCl4 undergoes hydrolys is
by initially accepting lone pair of electrons from water molecule in d orbitals of Si, fina lly
leading to the formation of Si(OH)4
(B) CCl4 is hydrolysed under drastic conditions due to absence of vacant d orbitals on central atom.
(C) XeF2 produces on hydrolysis Xe , HF and O 2 as the final product
(D) Correct, Hydrolysis of XeF 2 is a redox reaction

E
1 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
6
38. Statement-1 : Between SiCl4 and CCl4 only SiCl4 reacts with water at room temperature.
Statement-2 : SiCl4 is ionic and CCl4 is covalent.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is CORRECT explanation for
statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the CORRECT explanatio n
for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Ans.(C)
Sol.

And both SiCl4 and CCl4 is covalent.

MOLECULE DOES NOT EXIST

39. Which of the following molecules do not exist.
(A) BF63- (B) NCl3 (C) NOF3 (D) XeF5 –
Ans.(A)
Sol.(A)BF63– B [He] 2s2 2p1
 
B [He] 2s1 2p2 BF63-not exist
  

F F F F
(B) NCl 3 N [He] 2s2 2p3
   

E
 ALLEN Chemical Bonding 1
7
(C) NOF3 N [He] 2s2 2p3
   

(D) XeF5– Xe [He] 5s2 2p6 5d0

   

5d2
Xe [He] 5s2 5p4
     

F F F F F-

40.Select non existing species

(A) PH3 (B) PH4 + (C) [PF6 ]¯ (D) None of these
Ans.(D)
Sol.
(A) PH3

(B) PH4 +

E
1 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
8

(C) [PF6 ]¯

All three species exist