A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 11

I- Objectives
A. Content Standards:
The learner demonstrates understanding of the key concepts of
combinations and probability

B. Performance Standards:
The learner is able to use precise counting technique and probability in
formulating conclusions and making decisions.

C. Learning Competencies
Illustrate the permutations of objects.

D. Specific Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a. define permutation of n objects;
b. solve problems involving permutation; and
c. appreciate the use of permutation in solving real life problems.

II- Content and Materials

a. Topic: Permutation
b. References: Pelingon, J., Petilos, Gayas, C., Fundamentals of Mathematics
pp. 115-120
Davison, et. Al, Pre-Algebra Course 3, pp. 324-348
c. Materials: cartolina used as cards, cartolina for visual aids, laptop and projector

III- Procedure (Deductive Method)

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preparatory Activities
1. Prayer
Everybody kindly stand. I would like to (a student will lead a prayer)
request ________ to lead us a prayer.
Good morning teachers! Good
2. Greetings morning classmates!
Good morning class!
3. Classroom Management
Before you take your seats kindly pick (Students will pick some pieces of
some pieces of papers and arrange papers and arrange their chairs.)
your chairs.
Also, as part of our new normal, please Yes ma’am.
always wear your face mask and
observe physical distancing. Do we
agree on that?
4. Checking of Attendance None ma’am.
Class secretary, Ms. Rivera, who is
absent today?
5. Drill
Class, before we start our lesson,
I will give you first a brain teasing
question. The name which will be
drawn from the Magic Hat will be
the one to give his/her answer.

There were 6 people and 6 eggs in a

basket. Each person grabbed one egg,
But there was still an egg in the basket.
No one put the egg back.
How is that possible?

6. Review
Well done class. Now, for many There are 10 digits to choose from
computer tablets, the owner can set a ma’am.
4-digit passcode to lock the device.
a. How many digits could you
choose from for the first number
of the passcode? Yes Edward?
There are also 10 digits as your
Very good. choices ma’am.
b. How many digits could you
choose from for the second
number of the passcode?
Assume that the numbers can
be repeated. Can you tell us
Joan? 10,000 passcodes are possible
ma’am.
Well done.

c. How many different 4-digit

passcodes are possible? Yes There are 10 choices for the first digit,
Jared? 10 choices for the second, 10 for the
third and 10 for the fourth. I used the
Very good, Jared. How did you fundamental counting principle and
come up with your answer? multiplied the number of choices for
each digit together to get the number
of possible passcodes.
Well-explained Jared. Let’s give Jared
an angel clap.
It’s good that you still remember our
lesson about Counting Techniques.
7. Motivation Yes ma’am.

This time, I need you to go to your

respective pair.
Are you with your pair now?
Very good. Now I will give you 4 cards Yes ma’am.
with the letter M, A, T, and H written on
each card.
Do you have your cards now?
From those cards, choose 3 cards and
face that card up. Now, you have three Yes ma’am
letters. In a 1 whole sheet of paper, I
want you to record the possible
arrangement of those 3 letters. You
are given 3 minutes to do that. Yes ma’am
Understood?
(after 3 minutes)
Are you done?
Now, using all the cards, please record Yes ma’am.
all the possible arrangements of the 4
cards. You are given 5 minutes to do
that.
(after 5 minutes) We have listed 24 possible
arrangements of the 4 letters.
Are you done?

Yes ma’am.
Now, using all four cards, how many
arrangements do you have? Yes group
1? We have listed 6 possible
How about the other groups, do you arrangements of 3 letters.
have the same answer with group 1?
Okay. Later we will check if your
answers are correct. How about the Yes ma’am.
three letters, how many possible
arrangements do you have? Yes group
3?
Are your answers the same with their
answer?
Okay. We will check later if your
answers are correct.
B. Developmental Activities
1. Presentation of the Lesson
Now class, say for example, you were
riding on a bus with 2 of your friends
and there were 3 vacant seats in a
row. In how many ways can you
arrange yourself?
So I need three volunteers here in
front.
Yes Kathryn, Jane and Roel.
Say for example, Kathryn, Jane, and
Roel were on a bus, and these are the Another possible arrangement is Roel,
vacant seats. Jane and Kathryn.
So one possible arrangement is that Another possible arrangement is
Kathryn is beside Jane and Roel, or Kathryn, Roel, and Jane.
we can represent it in symbols. So one
possible arrangement is JKR. Who can
give me another arrangement? Jane, Roel and Kathryn is a possible
Yes, Jollie Mae? arrangement.

Roel, Kathryn, and Jane is also a

Very Good. In symbols, RJK. Who can
possible arrangement.
give another possible arrangement?
Yes Mealone?
Another possible arrangement is
That’s right. Another one? Yes Kathryn, Jane, and Roel.
Rommel?

Very good Rommel. How about you

Lolita?
Very good. Is there any possible
arrangement that was not mentioned?
Yes Fatima?
Very good. Any possible arrangement
that was not mentioned? None?
Let us list down the possible
arrangements you mentioned.
There are six possible arrangements.
JKR JRK
RJK RKJ
KRJ KJR
Okay. Jane, Kathryn and Roel, you
can now take your seats. Now, how
many possible arrangements are
there?
Very good. So there are six possible
arrangements for three people sitting
on 3 seats on a bus.
How about if there were 8 people in a
bus? Do we have to list all the possible
arrangements? Do you think it will take
us a lot of time? (students are reading the lesson
objectives)
Now class, instead of listing all the
possible arrangement of an object,
mathematics has an easy way of
solving problems, which is concerned Listen carefully ma’am.
with arrangements. This morning we
will tackle “Permutation”. Before we
proceed to our discussion I want you to
know that our lesson will be guided
Raise our right hand and do not
with the following objectives: (students
answer in chorus.
are reading the lesson objectives)
a. Setting of Standards Yes Ma’am.
But before we go on let me ask
you? What shall we do when
someone is talking in front?

Very good! How about if you

“Permutation refers to any one of
want to answer?
all possible arrangements of the
Can I expect that from you? elements of the given set.”

2. Presentation of General
Concept and Examples
Okay class, kindly read:
“Permutation refers to any one of all
possible arrangements of the elements
of the given set.”
For instance, given a set of distinct
objects, we can arrange them in one of “Rule no. 1: The number of
several ways. Like what we did with permutations of n distinct objects
the possible sitting arrangements of arranged at the same time is given
Roel, Jane and Kathryn. The listed by n!”
arrangements are the permutations of
the distinct objects.
Now, let’s discuss the rules of
permutation.
We have 3 distinct objects.
Kindly read, Marie?
They are Jane, Roel and Kathryn.
Thank you Marie.
Class, n! = n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)…3.2.1.
Say for example, 5·4·3·2·1= 5! And we
read this as “Five Factorial”. So 5! =
120.
In our example a while ago, how many
distinct objects do we have? Yes Ian?
And what are they Ian?
Very good Ian. Remember class that
the object that we are talking about is Yes ma’am.
the subject that is being permuted. It
may be an animal, a person, a letter,
or any other things.
Going back to our example, we have
three objects, so to find the possible
permutations, we will have 3!. Yes ma’am.
3! = 3·2·1
“Rule no. 2: The number of
=6 possible objects taken r at a time is
given by
3! Is equal to 6. Is it the same to our n!
answer a while ago? nPr =
( n−r ) !
So instead of listing all the possible
permutations of an object, we can use
n! in order to find how many ways can
we arranged n objects.
Understood?
Let’s proceed to rule number 2. Yes,
Joshua kindly read?

Say for example, we have 5

passengers and there were only 3
vacant seats. In how many ways can Yes ma’am.
we arranged the 5 passengers? Rule
no. 2 can answer this question. This
means that we will take 5 passengers “Rule number 3: The number of
3 at a time or 5P3. Substituting to the ways of arranging n objects of
formula, we have, which n1 are of the same kind, n2 are
of the same kind,… n k are of the
5! 120 same kind is given by
5P3 = = = 60
( 5−3 ) ! 2

So there are 60 possible arrangements

(n , nn, ..n )= ( n ! n n!!… n ! )
1 2 k 1 2 k

of taking 5 passengers 3 at a time.

Understood?
Next is rule no. 3. Kindly read Micah.

Thank you Micah.

Say for example, in how many ways Rule no. 4: The number
can 3 blue bulbs, 5 red bulbs and 2 arrangements of n distinct objects
green bulbs be arranged in a row? around a circle is given by
(n-1)!
This is the same as arranging 10
objects of which are 3 are alike, 5 are
alike and 2 are alike. Hence, the
number of possible arrangements is:
10 !
= 2 520
3!5 !2 !

Let’s proceed to rule no. 4. Kindly read

Oscar?
Yes Ma’am.
Thank you Oscar.
Rule no. 4 is also called a circular
permutation. In circular permutation,
we are dealing with circular
(answers may vary)
arrangements. Say for example, we
want to find out in how many ways can
Permutation is a way, especially one
we arrange 8 trees around a circular
of several possible variations, in which
garden, which is given by (8-1)! = 7! =
a set or number of things can be
7.6.5.4.3.2.1= 5 040
ordered or arranged.

(answers may vary)

Clarifications? Questions?
Understood?
C. Concluding Activities

1. Restatement of General
Concept
Do you have any clarifications?

What is permutation?

What are the things we should

remember when solving problems
involving permutation? We had so much fun ma’am.

2. Application It use in several practical application

We will now play a game such as arranging people, digits,
entitled, JEOPARDY. Each numbers, alphabets and colors.
team will play as one. You have
to pick a category and a point Permutations are used in almost every
value for your question. If your branch of mathematics, and in many
team answers the question other fields of science. In computer
correctly, you will be awarded science, they are used for analyzing
the point value of the question. sorting algorithms; in quantum
The team with the most points physics, for describing states of
wins. particles; and in biology, for describing
RNA sequences.
3. Valuing
How did you find the activity class?

How are permutations used in daily

 life?

Where do we use permutation for?

IV- Evaluation
Solve the following problem.
1. In how many ways can you arrange the letters of the word FACEBOOK?
2. How many ways can 4 members of a family are seated in a theatre if the
mother is on the aisle?
3. In how many ways can seven people be seated on a round table?

V- Assignment
Please read in advance about combination of objects.

VI- Remarks:

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VII- Reflection:
A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation:_______
B. No. of learners who require additional activities for remediation who
scored below 80%:_________
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No. of learners who have caught up
with the lesson:________
D. No. of learners who continue to require remediation:__________
E. Which of my teaching strategies worked well? Why did these work?
___________________________________________
 F. What difficulties did I encounter which my principal or supervisor can help
me solve?____________________________________________

Prepared by:

VANISSA LINDO
Pre-Service Teacher

Checked by:

JAY S. CACHO T-II

Cooperating Teacher