SHIV NADAR SCHOOL GURGAON

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE - OBJECTIVE WORKSHEET

Class 12 - Physics

1. The potential of a large liquid drop when eight liquid drops are combined is 20 V. Then, the potential of each [1]
single drop was:

a) 10 V b) 7.5 V

c) 5 V d) 2.5 V
2. There is an air-filled 1 pF parallel plate capacitor. When the plate separation is doubled and the space is filled [1]
with wax, the capacitance increases to 2 pF. The dielectric constant of wax is:

a) 4 b) 8

c) 6 d) 2
3. A capacitor of capacitance 160 μ F is charged to a potential difference of 200 volt and then connected across the [1]
discharged tube which conducts until the potential difference across it has fallen to 100 volt. The energy
dissipated in the tube is:

a) 6.4 J b) 2.4 J

c) 4.8 J d) 4.2 J
4. Two protons A and B are placed in between the two plates of a parallel plate capacitor charged to a potential [1]
difference V as shown in figure. The forces on two protons are FA and FB then:

a) FA = FB b) nothing can be predicted

c) FA > FB d) FA < FB

5. A hollow charged metal sphere has a radius r. If the potential difference between its surface and a point at [1]
distance 3r from the centre is V, then the electric intensity at distance 3r from the centre is:

a) V

6r
b) V

2r

c) V

4r
d) V

3r

6. Positive and negative point charges of equal magnitude are kept at (0, 0, ) and (0, 0, − ) respectively. The [1]
a a

2 2

work done by the electric field when another positive point charge is moved from (-a, 0, 0) to (0, a, 0) is:

a) positive b) depends on the path connecting the initial

and final positions

c) negative d) zero

7. A parallel plate capacitor has an electric field of 105 V/m between, the plates. If the charge on the capacitor plate [1]

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 is 1μC , the force on each capacitor plate is:

a) 0.005 N b) none of these

c) 0.05 d) 0.5
8. A capacitor of capacity C1 is charged upto potential V volt and then connected in parallel to an uncharged [1]
capacitor of capacity C2. The final potential difference across each capacitor will be:

C1 V
a) b) (1 −
C2
)V
C1 +C2 C1

C2 V
c) (1 + C2
)V d)
C1 C1 +C2

9. A spherical charged conductor has surface charge density a. The electric field on its surface is E and electric [1]
potential of conductor is V. Now the radius of the sphere is halved keeping the charge to be constant. The new
values will be:

a) E, b) 2E, V
V

c) E

2
,V d) E, 2V
10. Two spheres of radii R1 and R2 respectively are charged and joined by a wire. The ratio of electric fields on the [1]
spheres is:
R1 R2
a) b)
R2 R1

2 2

c) R
2
d) R
1

2 2
R R
1 2

11. Statement 1: No work is required to be done to move a test charge between any two points on an equipotential [1]
surface.

Statement 2: Electric lines of force at the equipotential surfaces are mutually perpendicular to each other.

a) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true,

Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of
Statement 1 Statement 1

c) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true d) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false

12. An air capacitor C connected to a battery of emfV acquires a charge q and energy E. The capacitor C is [1]
disconnected from the battery and a dielectric slab is placed between the plates. Which of the following
statements is correct?

a) V and q decreases but C and E increases b) q remains unchanged, C increases, V and E

decreases

c) V remains unchanged, but q, E and C d) q and C increases but C and E decreases

increases
13. Three charges Q0, -q and -q are placed at the vertices of an isosceles right angle triangle as shown in the figure. [1]
The net electrostatic potential energy is zero, if Q0 is equal to:

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 q
a) 4
b) +q
– 2q
c) √2q d)
√32

14. A capacitor is charged to store an energy U. The charging battery is disconnected. An identical capacitor is now [1]
connected to the first capacitor in parallel. The energy in each of the capacitors is

a) U

4
b) 3U

c) U d)
U

15. In the given circuit, initially K1 is closed and K2 is open. Then K1 is opened and K2 is closed. If q'1 and q'2 are [1]
charges on C1 and C2 and V1 and V2 are the voltages respectively, then:

a) charge on C1 gets redistributed such that q'1 b) charge on C1 gets redistributed such that
= q'2 C1V1 = C1V2 = C1V

c) charge on C1 gets redistributed such that q'1 d) charge on C1 gets redistributed such that V1

+ q'2 = 2q = V2

16. A capacitor charged to 10 V is discharged by connecting the two plates at t = 0. If the potential difference across [1]
the plates drops to 1 volt at t = 5 ms, the potential difference at t = 10 ms is:

a) 0.01 volt b) 0.1 volt

c) 0.02 volt d) 0.2 volt

17. The plates in a parallel plate capacitor are separated by a distance d with air as the medium between the plates. [1]
In order to increase the capacity by 66% a dielectric slab of dielectric constant 5 is introduced between the
plates. What is the thickness of the dielectric slab?

a) d

4
b) d

c) d

2
d) 5d

18. A two point charges 4q and -q are fixed on the x-axis at x = -  and x = , respectively. If a third point charge [1]
d d

2 2

q is taken from the origin to x = d along the semicircle as shown in the figure, the energy of the charge will:

2 2

a) decrease by q
b) increase by 2q

4πε0 d 3πε0 d

2 2

c) decrease by 4q
d) increase by 3q

3πε0 d 4πε0 d

19. A unit positive charge has to be brought from infinity to a mid-point between two charges 20 μ C and 10μ C [1]
separated by a distance of 50 m. How much work will be required?

a) 10.8 × 103 J b) 10.8 × 106 J

c) 10.8 × 104 J d) 0.54 × 105 J

20. Between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor of capacity C, two parallel plates, of the same material and area [1]
same as the plate of the original capacitor, are placed. If the thickness of these plates is equal to 1

5
th of the

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 distance between the plates of the original capacitor, then the capacity of the new capacitor is:

a) b)
5 10C
C
3 3

c) d)
3 3C
C
5 10

21. Five capacitors, each of capacitance value C are connected as shown in the figure. The ratio of capacitance [2]
between P and R; and the capacitance between P and Q is

a) 3 : 1 b) 5 : 2

c) 2 : 3 d) 1 : 1
22. Four capacitors, each of capacitance 50 μF are connected as shown in the figure. If the voltmeter reads 100 V, [2]
the charge on each capacitor is

a) 0.5 C b) 2 × 10
−3
C

c) 5 × 10 −3
C d) 0.2 C
23. Two capacitors, one of capacitance C and the other of C/2 are connected to a V volt battery as shown in the [2]
figure.

The work done in charging both the capacitors fully is

a) 1
CV2 b) 3
CV2
2 4

c) 1
CV2 d) 2 CV2
4

24. A network of four capacitors of capacitances equal to C1 = C, C2 = 2C, C3 = 3C and C4 = 4C are connected to a [2]

battery as shown in the figure. The ratio of the charges on C2 and C4 is:

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 a) b)
3 4

22 7

c) 7

4
d) 22

25. A parallel plate capacitor of area A, plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with four dielectric materials [2]
having dielectric constants κ , κ , κ  and κ  as shown in the figure below. If a single dielectric material is to be
1 2 3 4

used to have the same capacitance C in this capacitor, then its dielectric constant κ  is given by:

a) κ =
2

3
( κ1 + κ2 + κ3 ) + 2κ4 b) 1

κ
=
1

κ1
+
1

κ2
+
1

κ3
+
3

2κ4

c) d)
2 3 1
= + κ = κ1 + κ2 + κ3 + 3κ4
κ κ1 +κ2 +κ3 κ4

26. Read the source given below and answer any four out of the following questions:
[4]
Electrostatic potential energy of a system of point charges is defined as the total amount of work done in
bringing the different charges to their respective positions from infinitely charge mutual separations. The work is
stored in the system of two point charges in the form of electrostatic potential energy U of the system. Electric
potential difference between any points A and B in an electric field is the amount of work done in moving a unit
WAB
positive test charge from A to B along any path agents the electrostatic force V B − VA =
qo
⃗ 
= ∫ E ⋅ dl .

i. A test charge is moved from a lower potential point to a higher potential point. The potential energy of test
charge will
a. remain the same
b. increase
c. decrease
d. become zero
ii. Which of the following statement is not true?
a. Electrostatic force is a conservative force.
b. Potential energy of charge q at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a charge from any
point to infinity.
c. Spring force and gravitational force are a conservative force.

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 d. Both electrostatic force is a conservative force and Spring force and gravitational force are conservative
force.
iii. Work done in moving a charge from one point to another inside a uniformly charged conducting sphere is
a. always zero
b. non-zero
c. may be zero
d. none of these
iv. The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinite distance to a point at distance x from a
positive charge Q is W. Then the potential ϕ at that point is
WQ
a. x

b. W
c.
W

d. WQ
v. If 1 μ C charge is shifted from A to B and it is found that work done by an external force is 40 μ  J. In doing
so against electrostatics force, the potential difference VA - VB is

a. 40V
b. -40V
c. 20V
d. -60V
27. Read the source given below and answer any four out of the following questions:
[4]
When an insulator is placed in an external field, the dipoles become aligned. Induced surface charges on the
insulator establish a polarization field E⃗  in its interior. The net field E⃗ in the insulator is the vector sum of E⃗ 
i 0

and E as shown in the figure.

⃗ 
i

On the application of external electric field, the effect of aligning the electric dipoles in the insulator is called
polarisation and the field E⃗  is known as the polarisation field. The dipole moment per unit volume of the
i

dielectric is known as polarisation (P )⃗  . For linear isotropic dielectrics, P ⃗ = χE , where χ= electrical
⃗ 

susceptibility of the dielectric medium.

i. Which among the following is an example of polar molecule?
a. O2

b. H2
c. N2
d. HCl
ii. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction between two
charges separated by a distance
a. increases K times
b. remains unchanged
c. decreases K times
d. increases 2K times.

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 iii. Which of the following is a dielectric?
a. Copper
b. Glass
c. Antimony (Sb)
d. None of these
iv. For a polar molecule, which of the following statements is true?
a. The centre of gravity of electrons and protons coincide.
b. The centre of gravity of electrons and protons do not coincide.
c. The charge distribution is always symmetrical.
d. The dipole moment is always zero.
v. When a comb rubbed with dry hair attracts pieces of paper. This is because the
a. comb polarizes the piece of paper
b. comb induces a net dipole moment opposite to the direction of field
c. electric field due to the comb is uniform
d. comb induces a net dipole moment perpendicular to the direction of field
28. Read the source given below and answer any four out of the following questions:
[4]
If two or more capacitors are connected in series, the overall effect is that of a single (equivalent) capacitor
having the sum total of the plate spacing of the individual capacitors. If two or more capacitors are connected in
parallel, the overall effect is that of a single equivalent capacitor having the sum total of the plate areas of the
individual capacitors. ( figure (a) shows parallel combination and (b) shows series combination)

i. Capacity can be increased by connecting capacitors in:

a. parallel
b. series
c. both a  and b 
d. none of these
ii. Three capacitors having a capacitance equal to 2F, 4F and 6F are connected in parallel. Calculate the
effective parallel capacitance:
a. 10 F
b. 11 F
c. 12 F

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 d. 13 F
iii. When capacitors are connected in the series ________ remains the same.
a. voltage
b. capacitance
c. charge
d. resistance

iv. The plates of a parallel plate capacitor are 10 cm apart and have an area equal to 2m2. If the charge on each
plate is 8. 85 × 10 −10
C , the electric field at a point:
a. between the plates will be zero
b. outside the plates will be zero
c. between the plates will change from point to point
d. between the plates will be 25NC −1

v. Four 10 F capacitors are connected in series, calculate the equivalent capacitance.

a. 1.5 F
b. 2.5 F
c. 3.5 F
d. 4.5 F
29. Read the source given below and answer any four out of the following questions:
[4]
The electrical capacitance of a conductor is the measure of its ability to hold electric charge. An isolated
spherical conductor of radius R. The charge Q is uniformly distributed over its entire surface. It can be assumed
to be concentrated at the centre of the sphere. The potential at any point on the surface of the spherical conductor
Q
will be V =
1
.

4πε0 R

Q Q
Capacitance of the spherical conductor situated in vacuum is C:  =
Q
 or C = 4πε
0
R
V 1
⋅
4π ε R
0

Clearly, the capacitance of a spherical conductor is proportional to its radius.

The radius of the spherical conductor of 1 F capacitance is R =  1

4πε0
. C and this radius is about 1500 times the

radius of the earth (-6 ×  103 km).

i. If an isolated sphere has a capacitance 50 pF. Then radius is
a. 90 cm
b. 45 cm
c. 45 m
d. 90 m

ii. How much charge should be placed on a capacitance of 25 pF to raise its potential to 105 V?
a. 1 μ C
b. 1.5 μ C
c. 2 μ C

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 d. 2.5 μ C
iii. Dimensions of capacitance is

a. [M L-2 T4 A2]

b. [M-1 L-1 T3 A-1]

c. [M-1 L-2 T4 A2]
d. [M0 L-2 T4 A1]
iv. Metallic sphere of radius R is charged to potential V. Then charge q is proportional to
a. V
b. R
c. both V and R
d. none of these
v. If 64 identical spheres of charge q and capacitance C each are combined to form a large sphere. The charge
and capacitance of the large sphere is
a. 64q, C
b. 16q, 4C
c. 64q, 4C
d. 16q, 64C
30. Assertion (A): If a dielectric is placed in an external field, then the field inside the dielectric will be less than the [1]
applied field.

Reason (R): Electric field will induce dipole moment opposite to field direction.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

31. Assertion (A): Positive charge always moves from a higher potential point to a lower potential point.
[1]
Reason (R): Electric potential is a vector quantity.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

32. Assertion (A): The total charge stored in a capacitor is zero.
[1]
Reason (R): The field just outside the capacitor is . (σ is the charge density).
σ

∈0

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

33. Assertion: Capacitor is filled with same thickness of dielectric (t < d ) and conducting sheet one after another, [1]
then capacitance are C1 and C2 respectively then C2 > C1.

Reason: Capacitance is more in presence of metal sheet as Kmetal > Kdielectric.

a) Assertion and reason both are correct b) Assertion and reason both are correct
statements and reason is correct explanation statements but reason is not correct

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 for assertion. explanation for assertion.

c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is
wrong statement. correct statement.
34. Assertion (A): Electric potential and electric potential energy are different quantities.
[1]
Reason (R): For a system of positive test charge and point charge electric potential energy = electric potential.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

35. A metal sphere of 4 cm radius is suspended within a hollow sphere of 6 cm radius. The inner sphere is charged [1]
to a potential of 3 esu. When the outer sphere is earthed, the charge on the inner sphere is:
36. A 5 μ F capacitor is charged fully by a 220 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected in [1]
series to another uncharged 2.5 μ F capacitor. If the energy V change during the charge redistribution is X

100
J
then value of X to the nearest integer is ________.
37. A 60 pF capacitor is fully charged by a 20 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected to [1]
another uncharged 60 pF capacitor in parallel. The electrostatic energy that is lost in this process by the time the
charge is redistributed between them is (in nJ)
38. Two capacitors having capacitance C and 2C are connected in parallel, with a battery of potential V. After some [1]
time, battery is disconnected and a dielectric of dielectric constant K is inserted inside the capacitor C
completely. Now, the potential across each capacitor is found to be V

2
. What is the value of K?

39. An electric charge 10-3 μC is placed at the origin (0, 0) of X-Y co-ordinate system. Two points A and B are [1]
– –
situated at (√2, √2) and (2, 0) respectively. The potential difference between the points A and B will be:

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