TL494, NCV494 SWITCHMODE™ Pulse Width Modulation Control Circuit ‘The TL494 is a fixed frequency, pulse width modulation control circuit designed primarily for SWITCHMODE power supply contro. * Complete Pulse Width Modulation Control Circuitry * On-Chip Oscillator with Master or Slave Operation, * On-Chip Exror Amplifiers + On-Chip 5.0 V Reference + Adjustable Deadtime Control * Uncoumnitted Output Transistors Rated to 500 mA Source or Sink * Output Control for Push-Pull or Single-Ended Operation * Undervoltage Lockout NCV Prefix for Automotive and Other Applicatious Requiring Site and Control Changes, MAXIMUM RATINGS (Ful operating ambient temperature range apalos, unless otherwise noted) Rating symbol [ Value | Unit Power Supply Valage Vor. a2 Vv Collector Ouipul Voltage Ver a |v Ve ‘Colector Outpt Currant Texter | 500) mA (Each transistor) (Nete 1) "Ampier input Voltage Range Vig_| 0300 +42 | V Powor Dissipation @ Tas 45°C Po | 1000 | mw ‘Thommal Resistance, Junebon-to-Ambiont | Rosa | 80 |"CW ‘Operating Junction Temperature T | Storape Temperature Range Tag [85107125 | °C ‘Operating Ambient Temperature Range | Ta ©. TL4046 40 10-7125, Tuc 010770 Tusar = 49 10 85) NOVAS, 4010 +125 Derating Ambient Temperature Ta 6s | c ‘1 Maximum thermal ims must be observe. PIN CONNECTIONS. ew ee te ‘9 Ver) 1 Sencar Gonpoers shen LG 268 1 ‘Apri, 2004 Rev. 5 ON Semiconductor® hhttp:/onsemi.com MARKING DIAGRAMS. 80-16 : case 7sie | [_AWL YW 3 16 Poip—18 . nsurrix 5 Tien Cas ess Co ALYY 18 7 Nr Week “This marking fagram also apolies to NWA ORDERING INFORMATION Device Package | shipping? TLas460 80-16 | 48 unisRat TLAB460R2 50-16 | 2500 Tape & Real TLa94c0 50-10 | 48 UnisiRet TLa94cOR? 50-16 | 2500 Tape & Reel TLADHCN poip-16 [25 UnisiRai TLA94IN pop-16 | 25 Unis Ral Novasasone | 50-18 | 2500 Tape & Rea! {For information on tape and reel specications, including part onentaton and tape sizes, please ‘eter to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specieaton Brochure, BRDEO/D. ANCVE94:Thpy = ~A0°C, Thy = +125°C. Guarantood by design. NCV profs for sulomative and other sopications requiring site and change control PPubleaton Order Number TLs94/0TL494, NCV494 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Characteristics ‘symbol [Min [wp | Mex | Unt Power Sappy Votage Voc_| 70 ® |v Caiecor Oupat Votage Veuve | 20 «|v Callecor up Curent (Each transit tenis | = 200 | ma “Anolifed input Votone Vn | 03 = _[Vee-20 | ¥ ‘Curent ino Feedback Terminel te = = 03 | ma eforonce Oupul Curent tet = = 0 | ma Trg Resear Rr 18 so | S| a “Tring Capacitor cr | ooo | coor | 10 | wF Osciltor Frequency tm | 10 | 200 | we ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voc = 15, Cr=001 WF Rr = 12 KO uns thers not) Fos typical values Ta = 25°C for minimax valves Taste operating ambient temperature range that spe, unles otherwise noted Characterietice symbot [min | wp | Max | Unit REFERENCE SECTION Reference Votage (lo= 1 0 mA) ve [27 | 50 | 5 |v Line Regulation (Vee =7 0V 1040.0) Roo | - | 20 | 2 | mv oad Reguieten (= #10mAto 10 mA) Reo | - | 30 | 1 | mv Shor Oicuit Ouput Curent Wer = OV) Ise | | % | ma (OUTPUT SECTION Collector OF- State Curent ‘oon —] 20 [10 | w (oc 40, oe = 40¥) mito OF Sate Carol Tea = =) 100 | aA Veo = 40¥, Ve = 40 Ve =0¥) Callector Emiter Salration otage (Note 2) v ‘Commar~Emitr (Ve = 0 = 200 mA) veo) | > | tt) 48 Eniter-Folower (Ve = 15V.fe = ~200 ma) i ee ‘uiput Conta Pin Curent Low Slate (Voc = 04 V) toss - w | - | ow High State (Voc = ied lect - | 02 | 35 | om ‘put Votage Rise Time & ‘Comman-Emiter (See Figure 12) - | 10 | 200 Emiter-Folower (See Figure 13) =| 100 | 200 ‘Ouiput Votage Fal Time ns ‘GommonEmitr (S00 Figue 12) - | 2 | 100 Emiter-Folower (See Figure 13) - | «@ | +0 2. Low duty cycle puis techniques are used during test 10 maintain juneton temperature as close to ambient temperature as possibie. http:l/onsemi.com 2TL494, NCV494 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (v<; 2 KO, unless otherwise noted ) For typical values Ta = 25°C, for minimax values Tas the operating ambient temperature range that epples, unless otherwise noted Characteristics Symbol [Min we | Max | Unit ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION Input Offset Voltage (Vo en 2)=25V) Vo = 20 10 | av Input Offset Current (Vo ipmsy=25V) lo = 50 250 | mA Input Bias Current Vo jpn) = 25) te ~ | to) Input Common Mode Voltage Range (Vcc = 40V, Ta = 25°C) Wick 0310 Voc-20 v (Open Leap Volage Gain (AVo = 30V, Vo=05Vte35V,R,=20KQ)| Avo 7 a = 8 Uniy-Gain Crossover Frequency (Vo =05Vt035V, R, =20%0) Te = 350 = ke Phase Margin at Unity-Gain (Vo =05Vt035V, Ry = 20KQ) tm = a =| ea ‘Commman Bode Rejection Ratio (Vee = 40) cure [eS wo = ® Powor Supply Rojacion Rao (AVoc=33V.Vo=25V,R,=20K) | PSRR = 300 = 8 (Oukput Sink Curent (Vo na) = 07 V) io oa oF = mA ‘Output Source Current Vo ens) =35V) lot 20 -40 = 7A PWM COMPARATOR SECTION (Test Grcut Figure 1) Input Threshold Vottage (Zero Duty Cycle) vu - 25 45 v Input Sink Curent Vien 9)= 0.7 V) ie 03 o7 = mA DEADTIME CONTROL SECTION (Test Circut Figute 11) Input Bias Curent (Pin 4) Vana = OV 10525) Ison - “20 10 [ow ‘Maximum Duty Oye, Each Output, Push-Pull Mode Cree % (Weng = OV, Cr=001 uF R= 12k) 45 oy so (ne =0V, Cr= 0001 WF y= 30 KO) - 6 50 Input Thresnoia votlage (Pin 4) Vn v (Zero Duty Cycle) - 28 33 (Maxamum Duty Cycle) ° - - ‘OSCILLATOR SECTION Frequonoy (Gr= 0001 WF Rr= 30K) ‘ose = a = we ‘Standard Deviation of Frequency" (Gr = 0.001 uF, Rr = 30 kQ) ose = 30 = % Frequency Change with Vatage (Voc = .0V 0 40 V, Ta= 25°C) Afox(V)|= on = % Frequency Change with Temperature (ATa = Tioy 10 Toon) Aten] - = @ % (Cy=DOt WE Ry = 1242) UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTION Tumn-On Threshold Vee erasing, her= HOA) Vn 35 a8 70 v TOTAL DEVICE ‘Standby Supply Curent (Pin 6 at Vg, All otnerinputs and outputs open) | Ice ma (Wee 18 V) - 55 10 Wec= 40) - 70 5 ‘Average Supply Curent mA (Cy= 001 pF Ry= 1240. Vipm 4)= 20) - 70 - Weg = 15¥9 (Soe Figure 12). y 20 * Standard deviation is @ measure of the stetstialdstnbution about the mean as derved from the formula, « 1 http:l/onsemi.com 3TL494, NCV494 at cuit esac PUM (Comparator opt This device contains 48 active transistors. Figure 1. Representative Block Diagram caper FewsckP¥t Cong. YA eaten! Fip-Fon (costing Po-hag ap Fog 0 upto Ena opr ae Enter uit Py yy \ Conta Figure 2. Timing Diagram http:l/onsemi.com 4TL494, NCV494 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Description The TL494 is a fixed-fiequency pulse width modulation control circuit, incorporating the primary building blocks required for the control of a switching power supply. (See Figwe 1.) An intemal-linear sawtooth oscillator is ‘frequency programmable by two extemal components. Rr and Cr The approximate oscillator ffequency is determined by 44 Rre Cr For more information refer to Figure 3, ‘Output pulse width modulation is accomplished by comparison of the positive sawtooth waveform across capacitor Cr to either of two control signals. The NOR gates, ‘which drive output transistors QI and Q2, are enabled only ‘when the flip-flop clock—input line is in its low state. This happens only during that portion of time when the sawtooth voltage is greater than the control signals. Therefore, an increase in control-signal amplitude canses a corresponding. linear decrease of output pulse width. (Refer to the Timing Diagram shown in Figure 2.) The control signals are extemal inputs that can be fed into the deadtime control, the cor amplifier inputs, or the feedback input. The deadtime control comparator has an ‘effective 120 mV input offset which limits the minimum output deadtime to approximately the first 4% of the savvtooth-cycle time. This would result in a maximum duty cycle on a given output of 96% with the output control ‘rounded, and 48% with it connected to the reference line. Additional deadtime may be imposed on the output by setting the deadtime-control input to a fixed voltage. ranging between 0-V to 3.3 V. Functional Table InpuvOutput Tot Control Output Funetion fate Grounded | Single-ended Pw @ at anda2| 10 @Ver_| Push-pull Operation 05 ‘The pulse width modulator comparator provides a means for the error amplifiers to adjust the output pulse width fiom ‘the maximum percent on-time, established by the deadtime control input, down to zero, as the voltage at the feedback n varies from 0.5 V to 3.5 V. Both error amplifiers have a ‘commen mode input range from ~0.3 V to (Vee ~2V), and may be used to sense power-supply output voltage and ‘current. The exror-amplifier outputs are active high and are ORed together at the noninveiting input of the pulse-width, modulator comparator. With this configuration. the amplifier that demands mninimmun output on time. dominates control of the loop. When capacitor Cr is discharged, a positive pulse is ‘geuctated on the output of the deadtime comparator, which clocks the pulse-stecring flip-flop and inhibits the output tuansistors, QL and Q2. With the output-control comnected to the seference line, the pulse~steering flip-flop directs the modulated pulses to each of the two output transistors alternately for push-pull operstion. The output frequency is ‘equal to half that of the oscillator. Output drive can also be taken from Ql of Q2. when single-ended operation with a ‘maximum on-time of less than 50%6 is requited. This is desirable when the output tansformer has a ringback winding with a catch diode used for sanbbing. When higher coutput-drive currents are required for single-ended ‘operation, QI and Q2 may be connected in parallel, and the coutput-mode pin amst be tied to ground to disable the ‘flip-flop. The output frequency will now be equal to that af the oscillator. The TL494 has an intemal $.0 V reference capable of sourcing up to 10 mA of load current for extemal bias cirenits, The reference has mn intemal accuracy of 5.0 with a typical thermal drift of less than $0 mV over an ‘operating temperature range of 0° 10 70°C. 0 z 3 ‘Or=o00r wrt Yoon 8 gio i Se 2 Og Bio sa “10k 20k 50k 10k 20k SOk 100k 200K S0DK 10M TIMING RESISTANCE (2) Figure 3. Oscillator Frequency versus Timing Resistance http:l/onsemi.com 5(8) /AvoL: OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE Gal eseesesssseee ‘6 DC, PERCENT DUTY CYCLE [EACH OUTPUT) 20) Vee {stp SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 0 TL494, NCV494 100 40k 10k 100k ‘J FREQUENCY (He) Figure 4. Open Loop Voltage Gain and Phase versus Frequency 1a 20 30 \ DEADTIME CONTROL VOLTAGE (4) Figure 6. Percent Duty Cycle versus Deadltime Control Voltage ee e5 E88 82° 1) EXCESS PHASE DEGREES) 35 L o 100 200 00 |g: COLLECTOR CURRENT (nA Figure ‘Common-Emitter Configuration ‘Output Saturation Voltage versus Collector Current 9% DT, PERCENT DEADTIME EACH OUTPUT] Veg ga SATURATION VOLTAGE () Jog. SUPPLY CURRENT 4) ~ 8 6 “ 2 0 a0 60 40 20 ° ENTETTy 10K 10k Sk fey OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY tz) Figure 5, Percent Deadtime versus Oscillator Frequency 19) 18 W 19] 18 1“ 13 12 a 0 100 200 70 0 e EMNTTER CURRENT (mf) Figure 7. Emitter-Follower Configuration ‘Output Saturation Voltage versus Emitter Current 19, 050 OSs oo SUPPLY VOLTAGE Figure 9. Standby Supply Current versus Supply Voltage http:l/onsemi.com 6TL494, NCV494 exer Let Font 12 Fen ons) oN Nigh OJ = " Other Envor fr Figure 12, Common-Emitter Configuration Figure 13. Emitter-Follower Configuration Test Circuit and Waveform ‘Test Circuit and Waveform http:l/onsemi.com 7TL494, NCV494 "0 To Output woes = me LoS —_ nat, >on “a | 3 rae opt ae Vo=Vet {1+ Ry ‘Voltage of Pe ‘Systm: » me sertmaseramive (25 ° . 3 “is venti) se el hfe (osama art | ame 8 yess To rd é swe vsveesery | te Figure 17, Output Connections for Single-Ended and Push-Pull Configurations http:l/onsemi.com eTL494, NCV494 Yo Master | a " ! I I a | I I soe I ara J Ges) Figure 18, Saving Two or More Control Circuits Figure 19. Operation with V, > 40 V Using External Zener p= 80v10200 1 7: © ‘nas Teea2n + te Sogn «f* ® al 32 3 & ‘ ‘comp Tus se S50 nf ft] 3 ~ re| 88 1 a 32 | 25v| 4m : > OC Veer OT Grr ow ete “ ee wy ae) 3) 8) a | svat 14 20 sme a er i" “Hapadon mF Figure 20, Pulse Width Modulated Push-Pull Converter Tet Condivons Results Tine Reguaton | Vq=10Vt0 40 amv 025% Li-asmh@asa {Loed Regulation Vin=28V, lo= 10mAto LOA | 30 mV 006% eT eT ee ‘Output Ripple Vin = 28 V. OA 65mV pp PARD. Core: Femocune 1408-00-98 Shor Greuk Gunené | V)=28V, R= 010 184 Eheney Vn=25 Vl 108 7% http:l/onsemi.com °TL494, NCV494 men “ sain a = ak e ala oo Oe : | 2 nue mr & te ” rc Po Pet eon one http:l/onsemi.com 0TL494, NCV494 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS roir-16 NSUFFIK chee euent8 issue 3» "Brea norosanene er AAA + eee 5 ie EE mciemon WU 3s 7S weg e eee - + EGE GS UE i SS WA ee ae [Sige | a j_J_U_t \ | eases | 1a See] “ yore Pees aoe Buen, PORES ESS [S]o2 oo [TA w twas sr [tar $0-16 D SUFFIX CASE 7518-05 ISSUE f} ast fA AA AA AA : Tt "Gugcome woraucwena rene ‘5 = D ly ‘ [025 e010] 8] Fonsoe. oo oe 1 s “Ty ee 4 5 Lf S [025 0019] T]8 O|A®) http:l/onsemi.com "TL494, NCV494 [SWITCHMODE isa trademark of Semiconductor Components Indust, LLC. (ON Semeonsuto sn.) regenera Semcon Components res LLC GDLLG) SELL sana ne rapto rsa anos oes ae ‘Barroeaure naan’ SOULC mater wana oeetton gute epaang he vel ts aus ay fates pups for eos SULLC sara Siang cual apse lava ot Seat an cptteay Sacama yaa ably reeg mre iain Sposa trceneta oes Saraae “ype parte uhh nab oon SCLC ci aeds at oe etna cr an oy on aoa aa al erage ay a) oe eA Seitergie defer ‘Soll eae edn ronand ov atest foe 3 carprrt nesters med age pon ch rc eine ‘herd espero sian ferry ae apestn nn ere cle SOLLC pron ce creas «susten hae peal ne ech ray Sd Sra ore ELL yo wy etc ware pin Bye el) a fof eC ws in eu wie i ‘pparantateatre ton Ergioer Tha wahre suneco a spec copwiartam wae rte ease any mate eke PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION Terre Betton Caer OM Serine Ua ore i‘ PO oc st6h as Cand IT USE Order Lea tuo ome Pome 509-475°7S oO) U4 380 Tl Fee UGACarasJtpan ON Sorcerer apa aon Fos Cer Fae ste 276 S035) To ee USACanae Zee Kare Negi To fen 15-001 Ft toa lrmaton pee corte! yor Ei rete om one 9 G72 (oe Sale Repeat, TLa94D