SERV1852-02

August 2008

GLOBAL SERVICE LEARNING

TECHNICAL PRESENTATION

320D-336D HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS -

TIER III ENGINES
TRAVEL SYSTEMS

Service Training Meeting Guide

(STMG)
320D-336D HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS -
TIER III ENGINES
TRAVEL SYSTEMS
AUDIENCE
Level II - Service personnel who understand the principles of machine systems operation,
diagnostic equipment, and procedures for testing and adjusting.

CONTENT
This presentation provides an introduction and describes the components and systems operation
of the 320D - 336D hydraulic excavator Travel Systems. Additional presentations will cover
the machine walkaround, engines, pilot system, pumps and controls, main control valve group,
swing system, and tool control systems in more detail. This presentation may be used for self-
paced and self-directed training.
OBJECTIVES
After learning the information in this presentation, the technician will be able to:
1. identify the correct operation of the Travel Systems on the 320D-336D hydraulic
excavators, and
2. diagnose problems in the Travel Systems.

REFERENCES
320D Hydraulic Excavator Specalog AEHQ5856
323D L and 323D LN Hydraulic Excavators HEHH3327
324D Hydraulic Excavator Specalog AEHQ5663
325D Hydraulic Excavator Specalog AEHQ5665
328D Hydraulic Excavator Specalog AEHQ5706
330D Hydraulic Excavator Specalog AEHQ5667
Machine Monitoring System - Systems Operation RENR8068
Self-study "300D Series Hydraulic Excavators, 345C Hydraulic Excavator,
and 365C & 385C Large Hydraulic Excavators SERV7032
iTIM " '300C' Series Hydraulic Excavators-Electronic Control Systems" SERV2693
iTIM "325C Hydraulic Excavators-Hydraulic Systems" SERV2701
325D Hydraulic Schematic KENR6157

Estimated Time: 1 Hour

Illustrations: 30
Form: SERV1852-02
Date: August 2008
© 2008 Caterpillar
SERV1852-02 -3- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................5

TRAVEL SYSTEMS COMPONENTS ........................................................................................6

320D-329D TRAVEL SYSTEMS OPERATION.......................................................................13

Travel Motor .........................................................................................................................13
Travel Parking Brake and ....................................................................................................20
320D Travel Brake Valve......................................................................................................22
Makeup Operation ................................................................................................................28

330D/336D TRAVEL SYSTEMS OPERATION .......................................................................29

Travel Motor .........................................................................................................................29
Travel Parking Brake ...........................................................................................................36
321D-336D Travel Brake Valve ...........................................................................................38
Makeup Operation ....................................................................................................................

STRAIGHT TRAVEL VALVE ...................................................................................................45

SWIVEL .....................................................................................................................................53

FINAL DRIVE............................................................................................................................55

CONCLUSION ..........................................................................................................................54
SERV1852-02 -4- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

PREREQUISITES
"Fundamentals of Mobile Hydraulics Self Study Course" TEMV3002
"Fundamentals of Power Train Self Study Course" TEMV3003
"Fundamentals of Electrical Systems Self Study Course" TEMV3004
"Fundamentals of Engines Self Study Course" TEMV3001

NOTES

Nomenclature Change: During the fourth quarter of 2008, the 325D and 330D
nomenclature changed. The 325D became the 329D and the 330D became the 336D for
most arrangements.

The exceptions are as follows:

- The nomenclature for the 325D MH and 330D MH did not change.

- The nomenclature for the 325D FM and 330D FM did not change.

- The 325D HD HW did not change into 329D HD HW. This model is being discontinued.
However, the 330D HD HW changed to the 336D HD HW.
SERV1852-02 -5- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TRAVEL SYSTEMS
Stick Cylinder
Bucket Cylinder Boom Cylinders

Swing Motor Travel Motors

Main Control Valve Group

Pilot
Control
Valves

Priority
Pilot Manifold Valves
Main
Pilot M
Hydraulic
Pump
Pumps
Fan
Fan Pump
Motor
Tank

The Fan Motor and Pump are only used on the 330D and the 336D

INTRODUCTION

This presentation covers the 320D - 336D hydraulic excavator Travel Systems. Both the drive
pump and idler pump are used to provide flow to the Travel Systems.
The Travel Systems includes the following components:
- travel pedals/levers
- travel pilot valves
- left and right travel control valves
- straight travel valve and solenoid
- two travel motors
- travel park brake
- two speed travel solenoid valve

NOTE: The 330D and 336D travel motor is slightly different in operation than the
travel motors used in the smaller machines. The 330D and 336D travel motor will be
covered in a revision to this section.
SERV1852-02 -6- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Right Travel Left Travel TRAVEL HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Motor Motor NEUTRAL

Straight
Swivel Travel Solenoid

Straight
Travel
Control
Valve
Left Right

Travel Right
Pilot Travel
Valves Left Valve
Travel
Valve

REV FWD FWD REV Main

Relief
Valve
AEC

Idler
Pump
Pilot
Travel Pump
Speed Swing
Brake M
Solenoid
Valve Solenoid Implement
Hydraulic
Activation Hydraulic Drive
Valve Lockout Pump
Solenoid

Pilot
Manifold

TRAVEL SYSTEMS COMPONENTS

The idler pump and drive pump supplies oil flow to the travel control valve circuit, which
controls pump flow to the two travel motors.

When the travel control valves are in NEUTRAL, pump supply oil from the pumps flows
through the center bypass passage in the travel valves through all other control valves (not
shown) to the NFC valves (also not shown). The return oil from the pumps through the bypass
passages (neutral envelopes of the valve) creates NFC signals used to destroke the pumps.

Pilot oil is available at the travel speed solenoid valve.

Since the implement hydraulic lockout solenoid has been energized, the hydraulic activation
valve has shifted. Pilot oil is directed to the travel pilot valves.
SERV1852-02 -7- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Some of the major components of the Travel Systems include:

Two Speed Travel Solenoid Valve: This solenoid valve is controlled by the Machine ECM.
The valve controls the position of the displacement change valve in each motor to select slow
or fast travel speed.

Travel Pilot Valves: The valves direct pilot oil to shift the travel valves in the main control
valve group. The pilot valves are shifted by either pedals or levers.

Straight travel control valve and solenoid: When both travel control valves are shifted or
one travel valve and an implement/swing circuit are activated, the solenoid is energized to
provide flow priority to the travel motors.

Slow Return Check Valve: The back pressure created by the slow return check valve ensures
that makeup oil is present at the travel motor and the various makeup valves in the hydraulic
system.
SERV1852-02 -8- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

2 3
1

7 8

6
5
4

Left travel valve (1) and right travel valve (2) are used to control the travel motors. The
straight travel valve (3) provides flow priority for the Travel Systems during a travel condition.

The slow return check valve is part of the slow return check valve and cooler bypass
manifold (4).

The Travel Systems uses foot pedals (5 and 6) or travel levers (7 and 8) to control the direction
of machine travel.
SERV1852-02 -9- Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

3 2
5

5
6
1

Each track is driven by a travel motor (1). A counterbalance valve (2) prevents overspeed while
the machine is traveling downhill, prevents shocks to the system when travel is stopped, and
helps to prevent motor cavitation.
Crossover relief valves (3 & 4) are used to protect the travel motor from pressure spikes.
The upper supply line (5) directs supply oil to the motor for reverse travel, while the lower
supply line (6) directs supply oil to the motor for forward travel.
The final drive is composed of a three-stage planetary gear reduction to reduce the motor speed
to drive the track. Fill (8) and drain (9) plugs are in the outer cover.
SERV1852-02 - 10 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

The two speed travel solenoid valve (1) is part of the pilot manifold. The manifold is located
directly below the main control valve.

The hydraulic activation solenoid (2) must energize to shift the hydraulic activation valve (3).
If the hydraulic activation valve is not shifted there is no pilot oil to the the travel pilot valves.
SERV1852-02 - 11 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

When the two-speed travel soft switch (1) is located on the soft switch panel (2).

When the two-speed travel switch is pushed , the travel speed is toggled between the Slow and
Fast Speed Modes.

- The rabbit indicator is for fast or high speed.

- The tortoise indicator is for slow or low speed..

The Fast Speed Mode is also called the Automatic Mode. The Machine ECM senses the drive
pressure and will automatically change the travel speed from the Fast Speed Mode to the Slow
Speed Mode, when the drive pressure exceeds a predetermined limit.

For instance, by putting the machine automatically into the Slow Speed Mode, more torque is
available for climbing slopes.

Once the drive pressure drops again below the predetermined limit, the Machine ECM will
automatically return the machine to the Fast Speed Mode.
SERV1852-02 - 12 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TRAVEL PILOT CONTROL VALVE

Pedal

Rod
Dampening
Piston Pilot Supply

Left Right
Dampening Orifice
Piston Check
Valve

Tank

Metering
Spring Spool

REV FWD FWD REV

Return Pilot
Spring Supply aL1 bL1 bR1 aR1

Travel Pressure
Resolver
Switch (AEC)
Travel Travel
Valve Valve

The travel pilot control valve operates similar as the implement pilot valves (joysticks).

Depending on how far the travel pedal or lever is moved will determine the amount of pilot oil
directed to the respective travel control valve.

A dampening function is built into the travel pilot control valve which allows the operational
speed of the travel lever/pedal to respond only to intended movements of the operators foot.
The dampening function also prevents the vibration that occurs when the travel lever/pedal is
released.

When the travel lever/pedal is moved from the NEUTRAL position, the rod is pushed
downward. The rod moves the dampening piston downward. The hydraulic oil below the
dampening piston is pressurized.

An orifice check valve allows the trapped hydraulic oil below the dampening piston to
gradually flow into the metering spring chamber, which is open to the tank. The gradual flow
of oil through the orifice check valve provides the dampening function.
SERV1852-02 - 13 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

LEFT TRAVEL CONTROL VALVE

NEUTRAL
Port A Port B

Bridge
Passage

Feeder
Passage Travel
Spool

Center
Bypass
Passage
NFC
Signal

10

The travel control valves do not use a load check valve due to a counterbalance valve in each
travel motor.

Also due to the counterbalance valve, the lines to the motor are drained to tank in NEUTRAL
past lands on the end of the travel spool. The counterbalance valve blocks the oil in the travel
motors from going to the tank.

Due to the travel valves being the first control valves to receive supply oil, the valves receive
supply oil directly off of the center bypass passage through the feeder passage and into the
bridge passage. The travel valve blocks the oil in the bridge passage.

Since the travel valve is not shifted, supply oil through the center bypass passage flows to
through main valve group. Some of this supply oil is used to destroke one of the hydraulic
pumps.

NOTE: The illustration above is for the left travel control valve only. The right travel
control valve should operate similarly, but the drawings shown in the Parts Manual and
other publications makes the valve appear to function differently.
SERV1852-02 - 14 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

LEFT TRAVEL CONTROL VALVE

SHIFT - FORWARD
Port A Port B

Feeder Bridge
Passage Passage

Travel
Spool

Pilot
Oil

Center
Bypass
Passage
NFC
Signal

11

When the travel pedal is depressed or the travel lever is moved for forward travel, pilot oil shift
the travel control spool.

The center bypass passage is blocked or restricted to reduce the NFC signal to the pump. The
pump upstrokes.

Supply oil in the bridge passage is directed by the travel spool to the travel motor. Return oil
from the motor is directed to the tank past the travel spool as well.
SERV1852-02 - 15 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Actuator
320D - 329D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR
Max NEUTRAL

Min

Parking Two Speed Travel Switch

Brake
Displacement
Change Valve

Brake
Pilot Valve
Two Speed Travel
Solenoid Valve

Machine
Crossover Relief Valves ECM

Pilot
Pump

Travel
Valve

Output
Pressure Sensor

Counterbalance
Slow Return
Valve
Check Valve
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
Valve

12

320D-329D TRAVEL SYSTEMS OPERATION

Travel Motor

Some of the major components of the travel motor include:

Crossover Relief Valves: These valves dampen pressure spikes in the Travel Systems
whenever the travel is stopped. The valves also prevent or reduce travel motor cavitation.

Brake Pilot Valve: This valve controls the parking brake. Some of the supply oil is directed
to the brake pilot valve to release the park brake for machine travel. The valve also provides
for a gradual engagement of the parking brake when travel is returned to NEUTRAL.

Counterbalance Valve: This valve prevents overspeed while the machine is traveling downhill,
prevents shocks to the system when travel is stopped, and helps to prevent motor cavitation.

In NEUTRAL the counterbalance valve blocks the oil in the passages to the motor to prevent
the motor from rotating.
SERV1778 - 16 - Text Reference
03/06

Displacement Change Valve: The displacement change valve is controlled by the two speed
travel solenoid valves. The displacement change valve controls the supply oil to shift one of
the motor actuators.

Motor Actuator Pistons: Two actuators are used to control the angle of the motor swashplate.
If the maximum actuator is shifted, the machine is in the Slow Speed Mode for travel. If the
minimum actuator is shifted, then the machine is in the Fast Speed Mode for travel.
SERV1852-02 - 17 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Actuator
320D - 329D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR
Max
SLOW SPEED

Min

Parking Two Speed Travel Switch

Brake
Displacement
Change Valve

Brake
Pilot Valve

Two Speed Travel

Solenoid Valve

Crossover Relief Valves Machine

ECM
Pilot
Pump

Travel
Valve

Output
Pressure Sensor

Counterbalance Slow Return

Valve Check Valve
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
Valve

13

When the operator selects the Slow Speed Mode, the Machine ECM will NOT energize the two
speed travel solenoid valve. The displacement change valve does not shift.

Some of the supply oil to the motors is sent by the displacement change valve to the actuator
piston on the right and drains the passage to the actuator on the left.

The motor swashplate is moved to the maximum angle resulting in the machine traveling in the
Slow Speed Mode.
SERV1852-02 - 18 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Piston and
Barrel Assembly A TRAVEL MOTOR
Max. Actuator SLOW SPEED
Piston Swashplate
Spring
C

B
View A-A

Min Max

Displacement
Min. Actuator Separator Plates Change Valve
Piston and Friction Disks
Piston A

Section B-B Parking Brake

Piston
Section C-C

14

Two swashplate actuator pistons control the angle of the motor swashplate. The pistons are
controlled by the displacement change valve.

The angle of the swashplate will limit the maximum speed. Since the displacement change
valve has not been shifted by pilot oil, the upper actuator piston shifts to move the swashplate
to maximum angle. Moving the swashplate to minimum angle results in slower machine
speeds, but with higher torque.

For the motor to turn, the parking brake must be released. To release the brake some of the
supply oil is used to shift the parking brake piston against the parking brake spring.

The travel valves in the main control valve group direct oil to and from the motors.
SERV1852-02 - 19 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

DISPLACEMENT CHANGE VALVE

MAXIMUM ANGLE - SLOW SPEED
Swashplate
Piston

Piston
Displacement Chamber
Pilot Change Valve
Oil

Two Speed Travel Left Drive Right Drive

Solenoid Valve Loop Loop

15

If the displacement change valve does NOT shift, supply oil to the motor is directed to the
maximum actuator piston on the right to hold the motor swashplate at maximum angle.

At maximum angle, the motors will displace more flow and turn at a slower speed and provide
more torque.
SERV1852-02 - 20 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Actuator 320D - 329D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR

Max FAST SPEED

Min

Parking Two Speed Travel Switch

Brake
Displacement
Change Valve

Brake
Pilot Valve
Two Speed Travel
Solenoid Valve

Machine
Crossover Relief Valves ECM

Pilot
Pump

Travel
Valve

Output
Pressure Sensor

Counterbalance Slow Return

Valve Check Valve
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
Valve

16

When the operator selects the Fast Speed Mode, the Machine ECM will energize the two speed
transmission solenoid valve in the pilot manifold.

The two speed transmission solenoid valve directs the pilot pressure to shift the displacement
change valve to the left.

The displacement change valve directs some of the supply oil to the minimum angle actuator
piston on the left and drain the oil to the maximum actuator piston on the right. The motor
swashplate angle is reduced.

The Machine ECM receives feedback from the output pressure sensor. If the drive pressure is
too high, the Machine ECM will de-energize the two speed travel valve to put the machine into
the Slow Speed Mode.

With the two speed travel valve de-energized, the displacement change valve moves back to the
right and directs supply oil to the maximum angle actuator and drains the oil to the minimum
angle actuator to upstroke the motor for slower speed and higher torque.

As the drive pressure decreases the Machine ECM will automatically return the machine to the
Fast Speed Mode.
SERV1852-02 - 21 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Maximum Angle
Actuator Piston

TRAVEL MOTOR
FAST SPEED
Actuator
Piston

Max

Min

Displacement Change Minimum Angle

Valve Actuator Piston Swashplate

17

When the displacement change valve shifts due to the two speed travel solenoid being
energized, the displacement change valve sends some of the supply oil to the minimum angle
actuator piston to decrease the swashplate angle.

With a decreased swashplate angle, the motor pistons displace less flow as the piston and barrel
assembly rotate. The motor now turns faster resulting in higher machine speed, with less torque
than at low speed.
SERV1852-02 - 22 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

DISPLACEMENT CHANGE VALVE

MINIMUM ANGLE - FAST SPEED
Swashplate
Piston
Piston
Chamber
Pilot
Oil Displacement
Change Valve

Left Drive Right Drive

Two Speed Travel
Loop Loop
Solenoid Valve

18

When the two speed travel solenoid valve is energized, pilot oil is directed to the displacement
change valve.

The displacement change valve shifts and directs some of the supply oil to the minimum
actuator piston on the left to decrease the swashplate angle.

The maximum actuator piston is open to the tank through the displacement change valve.
SERV1852-02 - 23 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Left Travel
Motor
320D-329D TRAVEL HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Pilot
FORWARD TRAVEL - FAST SPEED
Oil STRAIGHT TRAVEL - BUCKET CLOSE

Bucket
Pilot Valve

AEC

Bucket
Cylinder
Right Travel
Motor

Straight
Swivel Travel Solenoid

Right
Travel
Straight Valve
Travel
Control
Valve
Left Right

Travel
Pilot
Valves Left
Travel
Valve

REV FWD FWD REV Main Bucket

Relief Valve
Valve
AEC

Idler
Pump
Pilot
Travel Pump
Swing
Speed Brake M
Solenoid Solenoid
Valve Implement
Hydraulic
Activation Hydraulic Drive
Valve Lockout Pump
Solenoid

Pilot
Manifold

19

When both travel levers or pedals are shifted and at least one of the implements or the swing is
selected, both travel pressure switches (AEC) and the implement pressure switch close. The
Machine ECM then will energize the straight travel solenoid valve.

When the straight travel valve shifts all of the drive pump flow is directed equally to the travel
control valves.

The idler pump flow is directed into the parallel feeder passages and to the activated implement
circuit. In the illustration above the bucket has been shifted to close.

At the travel motors, the counterbalance valves shift and direct drive pump supply oil to the
motors. At the same time some of the supply oil is used to release the parking brake.

Because the travel speed solenoid valve has been energized, the travel motor displacement is
changed to upstroke the motors to provide slow speed. Return oil from the motors flows back
past the counterbalance valves and the travel valves to the tank.

NOTE: The straight travel solenoid valve is only energized when both travel pressure
switches are closed and the implement pressure switch is closed at the same time.
SERV1852-02 - 24 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TRAVEL PARKING BRAKE

RELEASED

Drive
Shaft Retainer

Pump
Supply

Housing Friction
Plate Head

Barrel Separator Piston Brake Brake Check Valve

Plate Guide Piston Spring

20

Travel Parking Brake

The travel parking brake is located in the travel motor. The travel parking brake consists of the
following components: the brake spring, the brake piston, the separator plates, and the friction
plates. The friction plates are splined to the cylinder barrel. The separator plates are splined to
the motor housing.

When the travel pedals or levers are moved from the NEUTRAL position, supply oil from the
pump flows to the inlet port of the travel motor from the travel control valve in the main control
valve group.

A portion of the supply oil enters the motor and unseats the brake pilot check valve. The oil
then flows to the brake piston. As pressure builds in the brake piston, the piston moves to the
left against the brake spring.

The separator plates and friction plates are no longer pressed together and the motor is able to
rotate.
SERV1852-02 - 25 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TRAVEL PARKING BRAKE

ENGAGED

Drive Retainer
Shaft

Housing Friction
Plate Head Orifice

Check Valve
Barrel Separator Piston Brake Brake
Plate Guide Piston Spring

21

When the travel pedals or levers are returned to the NEUTRAL position, the supply oil to the
motor is blocked by the travel control valves. The counterbalance valves shift back to
NEUTRAL.

The brake pilot check valve moves to the right The orifice in the brake pilot check valve
allows the oil behind the brake piston to slowly flow to the motor case drain due to the orifice.

The brake spring moves the brake piston to the left to press the separator plates and friction
plates together to apply the travel parking brake.

The travel park brake engages approximately four seconds after the travel control valves return
to NEUTRAL.
SERV1852-02 - 26 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Crossover Relief
320D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE
Parking NEUTRAL
Valve
Brake

Motor Motor

Check
Valve

Parking Brake
Orifice Check
Counterbalance
Valve
Valve

Travel
Valve
Section A-A
Check Valve

22

320D Travel Brake Valve

The travel brake valve consists of the counterbalance valve, two check valves, and two
crossover relief valves. The orifice check valves are internal to the counterbalance spool.

In NEUTRAL, the counterbalance valves block the passages to the motor. The check valves
seat. The passages from the travel valve are open to the tank.

NOTE: The travel brake valve for the 321D-329D is covered later in this presentation.
These machines use the same brake valve as the 330D/336D.
SERV1852-02 - 27 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

320D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

Crossover Relief TRAVEL
Parking Valve
Brake
Motor Motor

Check
Valve

A B
A B

Parking Brake
Orifice Check
Counterbalance
Valve
Valve

Travel
Valve

Section A-A Section B-B

Check Valve Check Valve

23

During normal travel, supply oil from the travel control valve enters the travel brake valve and
flows to the counterbalance valve.

Some of the supply oil flows through the orifice check valve to the right end to shift the
counterbalance valve to the left. As the counterbalance initially shifts to the left, some of the
supply oil is used to release the parking brake.

As the counterbalance continues to move to the left, a return passage from the motor is opened.

The supply pressure unseats one of the check valves and flows past the check valve to the
motor. Return oil from the motor flows around the counterbalance valve, to the travel control
valve, and back to the tank. The check valve (section A-A) on the return side remains seated.

At the beginning of travel, one of the crossover relief valves will open to dampen the shock of
starting to travel.

NOTE: The travel brake valve shown is from the 320D and the "C" Series. For the
325D-336D, the valve is functionally the same. The two check valves shown are inside
the counterbalance valve along with the orifice check valve.
SERV1852-02 - 28 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

320D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

Parking
Crossover Relief
COUNTERBALANCE
Brake
Valve
Motor Motor

Check
Valve

A B
A B

Parking Brake
Orifice Check Counterbalance
Valve Valve

Travel
Valve

Section A-A Section B-B

Check Valve Check Valve

24

When traveling downhill the weight of the machine will cause the machine to try to turn the
travel motor faster than the supply oil from the pumps can.

When this occurs, the pressure drops in the supply passage to the motor. When the supply
pressure drops, the counterbalance valve will shift to restrict the return oil from going back to
the tank. This movement by the counterbalance valve slows the speed of the motor and
reduced motor cavitation.

One of the crossover reliefs valve may open to send the high pressure return oil into the supply
side to help prevent motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 29 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

320D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

Parking Crossover Relief STOPPING
Brake Valve
Motor Motor

Check
Valve

A B
A B

Parking Brake
Orifice Check Counterbalance
Valve Valve

Travel
Valve

Section A-A Section B-B

Check Valve Check Valve

25

When the travel pedals/levers are returned to NEUTRAL, the supply oil is blocked by the travel
control valve.

The pressure drops in the spring chamber on one end of the counterbalance valve. The
counterbalance shifts to restrict the return oil.

The crossover relief valve opens to dampen the shock of the stop and send some of the high
pressure oil in the return passage to the supply passage to prevent motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 30 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TRAVEL CROSSOVER RELIEF VALVES

Orifice Motor Unloading Motor Orifice Dampening

Valve Piston

NEUTRAL

Stop Stem Supply Orifice Supply

Dampening
Piston Orifice Motor Unloading Motor Orifice
Valve

START OF
TRAVEL

Orifice Return Orifice Supply Stem

26

The travel crossover relief valves provide a cushioning effect when they open, similar to the
swing relief valves. The valves initially open at a lower pressure to handle pressure spikes of
short duration and to reduce jerkiness at the start of travel or when travel is stopped. When
travel is stalled, the circuit pressure is at maximum.

NEUTRAL: In NEUTRAL the dampening pistons are moved against the stops by the large
springs. The large springs also seat the unloading valves. At this time the relief valves are at
their minimum spring setting.

Start of Travel: When travel is started, the high pressure oil in the supply side is sensed at the
relief valve on the left.

Since the pressure spike is short in duration, the oil sensed through the stem on the left end of
the left relief valve only partially moves the left dampening piston to the right, which helps
dampen the pressure spike at the start of travel.

The unloading valve moves left against the large spring to allow some of the oil in the supply
side to flow into the return passage to dampen the pressure spike.

The relief valve opens at a lower pressure setting than maximum.

SERV1852-02 - 31 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

TRAVEL CROSSOVER RELIEF VALVES

Orifice Motor Motor Orifice Dampening

Piston

STALL

Orifice Return Unloading Orifice Supply Stem

Valve

Unloading
Orifice Motor Valve Motor Orifice Dampening
Piston

STOP

Orifice Orifice Orifice Supply Stem

Return

27

Travel Stall: The crossover relief valves are also able to handle high pressure increases.

When travel is stalled, the high pressure in the supply side is sensed at the left relief valve. Not
only does the unloading valve move to the left, but oil sensed through the stem, allows for
pressure to increase on the left end.

As the pressure increases on the left end, the left dampening piston gradually moves to the right
to compress the large spring, which causes a modulated increase in the maximum relief valve
setting. The unloading valve shifts to allow the high pressure oil to go to the low pressure drive
loop.

Travel Stop: When travel is suddenly stopped the return oil is blocked by the counterbalance
valve. Pressure in the return side is very high, while pressure in the supply side is very low.

The high pressure is sensed at the right relief valve. The oil sensed through the stem on the
right end of the relief valve moves the left dampening piston to the left to partially compress the
spring due to the high pressure in the system. At the same time the right unloading moves to
the right and opens to allow the high pressure oil in the return loop to flow to the low pressure
side. This action reduces motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 32 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Actuator

TRAVEL CIRCUIT
MAKEUP OPERATION

Parking
Brake
Displacement
Brake
Change Valve
Pilot Valve

Travel Crossover Relief Valves

Valve

Counterbalance
Valve

Slow Return
Check Valve

Check Valve

28

When the travel valve is returned to NEUTRAL, the counterbalance valve also returns to
NEUTRAL.

When the counterbalance valve returns to NEUTRAL, the supply pressure to the motor drops as
the motor continues to try to turn. Return oil to the travel control can be used as makeup oil to
the low pressure side.

Due to the back pressure created by the slow return check valve, the check valve in the
counterbalance valve can unseat and allow return oil to enter the low pressure side of the pump.

The crossover relief valve will also open to send oil in the high pressure side to the low
pressure side of the travel motor to reduce motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 33 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR

NEUTRAL
Actuator

Displacement
Change Valve Two Speed Travel Switch

Parking
Brake
Brake
Pilot Valve

Two Speed Travel

Solenoid Valve

Machine
Crossover Relief Valves ECM
Travel
Valve Pilot
Pump

Output
Pressure Sensor

Counterbalance
Valve Slow Return
Check Valve
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
Valve

29

330D/336D TRAVEL SYSTEMS OPERATION

Travel Motor

Some of the major components of the travel motor include:

Crossover Relief Valves: These valves dampen pressure spikes in the Travel Systems
whenever the travel is stopped. The valves also prevent or reduce travel motor cavitation.

Brake Pilot Valve: This valve controls the parking brake. Some of the supply oil is directed
to the brake pilot valve to release the park brake for machine travel. The valve also provides
for a gradual engagement of the parking brake when travel is returned to NEUTRAL.

Counterbalance Valve: This valve prevents overspeed while the machine is traveling downhill,
prevents shocks to the system when travel is stopped, and helps to prevent motor cavitation.

In NEUTRAL the counterbalance valve blocks the oil in the passages to the motor to prevent
the motor from rotating.
SERV1778 - 34 - Text Reference
03/06

Displacement Change Valve: The displacement change valve is controlled by the two speed
travel solenoid valves. The displacement change valve controls the supply oil to shift one of
the motor actuators.

Motor Actuator Piston: An actuator piston is used to control the angle of the motor
swashplate. If no oil is directed to the actuator piston, the machine is in the Slow Speed Mode
for travel. If the actuator piston is shifted, then the machine is in the Fast Speed Mode for
travel.
SERV1852-02 - 35 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR

SLOW SPEED
Actuator

Displacement
Change Valve Two Speed Travel Switch

Parking
Brake
Brake
Pilot Valve

Two Speed Travel

Solenoid Valve

Machine
Crossover Relief Valves ECM
Travel
Valve Pilot
Pump

Output
Pressure Sensor

Counterbalance
Valve Slow Return
Check Valve
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
Valve

30

When the operator selects the Slow Speed Mode, the Machine ECM will NOT energize the two
speed travel solenoid valve. The displacement change valve does not shift.

The supply oil is blocked to the actuator piston by the displacement change valve and drains the
passage to the actuator on the left.

The motor swashplate is moved to the maximum angle by spring force resulting in the machine
traveling in the Slow Speed Mode.
SERV1852-02 - 36 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D TRAVEL MOTOR A

SLOW SPEED Separator Plates
and Friction Disks
Swashplate

B
C

B
VIEW A-A

SECTION
C-C

Actuator
Piston Piston and
Barrel Assembly
Parking Brake Spring
Piston A
Displacement Change Valve SECTION B-B

31

A swashplate actuator piston controls the angle of the motor swashplate. The piston is
controlled by the displacement change valve.

The angle of the swashplate will limit the maximum speed. Since the displacement change
valve has not shifted due to pilot oil, a spring (not shown) moves the swashplate to maximum
angle. Moving the swashplate to minimum angle results in slower machine speeds, but with
higher torque.

For the motor to turn, the parking brake must be released. To release the brake some of the
supply oil is used to shift the parking brake piston against the parking brake spring.

The travel valves in the main control valve group direct oil to and from the motors.
SERV1852-02 - 37 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

DISPLACEMENT CHANGE VALVE

MAXIMUM ANGLE - SLOW SPEED

Swashplate Right Drive

Loop
Piston

Spool
Chamber

Spool Check
Chamber Valves
Displacement
Change Valve
Pilot
Oil

Left Drive
Loop

Two Speed Travel

Solenoid Valve

32

If the displacement change valve does NOT shift, supply oil to the motor is blocked by the
displacement change valve to the actuator piston. Spring forces holds the motor swashplate at
maximum angle. The actuator piston is drained to the tank through the displacement change
valve.

At maximum angle, the motors will displace more flow and turn at a slower speed and provide
more torque.
SERV1852-02 - 38 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR

FAST SPEED
Actuator

Displacement
Change Valve Two Speed Travel Switch

Parking
Brake
Brake
Pilot Valve

Two Speed Travel

Solenoid Valve

Machine
Crossover Relief Valves ECM
Travel
Valve Pilot
Pump

Output
Pressure Sensor

Counterbalance
Valve Slow Return
Check Valve
Power Shift
PRV Solenoid
Valve

33

When the operator selects the Fast Speed Mode, the Machine ECM will energize the two speed
transmission solenoid valve in the pilot manifold.

The two speed transmission solenoid valve directs the pilot pressure to shift the displacement
change valve to the left.

The displacement change valve directs some of the supply oil to the actuator piston. The piston
moves up and the motor swashplate angle is reduced.

The Machine ECM receives feedback from the output pressure sensor. If the drive pressure is
too high, the Machine ECM will de-energize the two speed travel valve to put the machine into
the Slow Speed Mode.

With the two speed travel valve de-energized, the displacement change valve moves back to the
right and blocks the supply oil to the actuator piston and drains the oil to the actuator piston to
the tank. Spring force upstrokes the motor for slower speed and higher torque.

As the drive pressure decreases the Machine ECM will automatically return the machine to the
Fast Speed Mode.
SERV1852-02 - 39 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D TRAVEL MOTOR

FAST SPEED
Actuator
Displacement
Change Valve Swashplate

Parking
Brake
Brake
Pilot Valve

Actuator
Piston and
Piston
Barrel Assembly
Parking Brake
Piston

34

When the displacement change valve shifts due to the two speed travel solenoid being
energized, the displacement change valve sends some of the supply oil to the actuator piston to
decrease the swashplate angle.

With a decreased swashplate angle, the motor pistons displace less flow as the piston and barrel
assembly rotate. The motor now turns faster resulting in higher machine speed, with less torque
than at low speed.
SERV1852-02 - 40 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

DISPLACEMENT CHANGE VALVE

MINIMUM ANGLE - FAST SPEED

Swashplate
Right Drive
Loop
Spring
Piston
Actuator
Chamber

Check
Valves
Displacement
Change Valve
Pilot
Oil

Left Drive
Loop

Two Speed Travel

Solenoid Valve

35

When the two speed travel solenoid valve is energized, pilot oil is directed to the displacement
change valve.

The displacement change valve shifts and directs some of the supply oil to the actuator piston
to decrease the swashplate angle.
SERV1852-02 - 41 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Left Travel
Motor

330D / 336D TRAVEL HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Pilot
FORWARD TRAVEL - FAST SPEED
Oil STRAIGHT TRAVEL - BUCKET CLOSE

Bucket
Pilot Valve

AEC

Bucket
Cylinder

Right Travel
Motor
Straight
Swivel Travel Solenoid

Right
Travel
Straight Valve
Travel
Control
Valve
Left Right

Travel
Pilot
Valves Left
Travel
Valve

REV FWD FWD REV Main Bucket

Relief Valve
Valve
AEC

Idler
Pump
Pilot
Travel Pump
Swing
Speed Brake M
Solenoid Solenoid
Valve Implement
Hydraulic
Activation Hydraulic Drive
Valve Lockout Pump
Solenoid

Pilot
Manifold

36

When both travel levers or pedals are shifted and at least one of the implements or the swing is
selected, both travel pressure switches (AEC) and the implement pressure switch close. The
Machine ECM then will energize the straight travel solenoid valve.

When the straight travel valve shifts, all of the drive pump flow is directed equally to the travel
control valves.

The idler pump flow is directed into the parallel feeder passages and to the activated implement
circuit. In the illustration above the bucket has been shifted to close.

At the travel motors, the counterbalance valves shift and direct drive pump supply oil to the
motors. At the same time some of the supply oil is used to release the parking brake.

Because the travel speed solenoid valve has been energized, the travel motor displacement is
changed to upstroke the motors to provide slow speed. Return oil from the motors, flows back
past the counterbalance valves and the travel valves to the tank.

NOTE: The straight travel solenoid valve is only energized when both travel pressure
switches are closed and the implement pressure switch is closed at the same time.
SERV1852-02 - 42 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D PARKING BRAKE

RELEASED
Piston Brake
Chamber Piston Head

Friction Separator
Barrel Plate Plate Retainer Orifice

Housing

Drive Shaft

37

Travel Parking Brake

The travel parking brake is located in the travel motor. The travel parking brake consists of the
following components: the brake spring, the brake piston, the separator plates, and the friction
plates. The friction plates are splined to the cylinder barrel. The separator plates are splined to
the motor housing.

When the travel pedals or levers are moved from the NEUTRAL position, supply oil from the
pump flows to the inlet port of the travel motor from the travel control valve in the main control
valve group.

A portion of the supply oil enters the motor and unseats the brake pilot check valve. The oil
then flows to the brake piston. As pressure builds in the brake piston, the piston moves to the
left against the brake spring.

The separator plates and friction plates are no longer pressed together and the motor is able to
rotate.
SERV1852-02 - 43 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D PARKING BRAKE

ENGAGED
Piston Brake
Chamber Piston Head

Friction Separator
Barrel Plate Plate Retainer Orifice

Housing

Drive Shaft

38

When the travel pedals or levers are returned to the NEUTRAL position, the supply oil to the
motor is blocked by the travel control valves. The counterbalance valves shift back to
NEUTRAL.

The brake pilot check valve moves to the right. The orifice in the brake pilot check valve
allows the oil behind the brake piston to slowly flow to the motor case drain due to the orifice.

The brake spring moves the brake piston to the left to press the separator plates and friction
plates together to apply the travel parking brake.

The travel park brake engages approximately four seconds after the travel control valves return
to NEUTRAL.
SERV1778 - 44 - Text Reference
03/06

Crossover Relief
Parking Valve
Brake
Motor Motor

Check
Valve

Check
Orifice Valve
Parking Brake
Orifice Check
Counterbalance
Valve
Valve

321D-336D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

NEUTRAL Travel
Valve

39

321D-336D Travel Brake Valve

The travel brake valve consists of the counterbalance valve, two check valves, and two
crossover relief valves. The orifice check valves are internal to the counterbalance spool.

In NEUTRAL, the counterbalance valves block the passages to the motor. The check valves
seat. The passages from the travel valves are open to the tank.
SERV1852-02 - 45 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Parking Crossover Relief

Brake Valve

Motor Motor

Check
Valve

Check
Orifice Valve
Parking Brake
Orifice Check
Counterbalance
Valve
Valve

321D-336D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

TRAVEL Travel
Valve

40

During normal travel, supply oil from the travel control valve enters the travel brake valve and
flows to the counterbalance valve.

Some of the supply oil flows through the orifice check valve to the right end to shift the
counterbalance valve to the left. As the counterbalance initially shifts to the left, some of the
supply oil is used to release the parking brake.

As the counterbalance continues to move to the left, a return passage from the motor is opened.

The supply pressure unseats one of the check valves and flows past the check valve to the
motor. Return oil from the motor flows around the counterbalance valve, to the travel control
valve, and back to the tank. The check valve on the return side remains seated.

At the beginning of travel, one of the crossover relief valves will open to dampen the shock of
starting to travel.

NOTE: The travel brake valve shown is from the 321D -336D. For the 320D, the valve
is functionally the same. The two check valves shown are outside the counterbalance
valve instead of inside the counterbalance valve.
SERV1852-02 - 46 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Crossover Relief
Parking
Valve
Brake

Motor Motor

Check
Valve

Check
Orifice Valve
Parking Brake
Orifice Check
Counterbalance
Valve
Valve

321D-336D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

COUNTERBALANCE Travel
Valve

41

When traveling downhill the weight of the machine will cause the machine to try to turn the
travel motor faster than the supply oil from the pumps can.

When this occurs, the pressure drops in the supply passage to the motor. When the supply
pressure drops, the counterbalance valve will shift to restrict the return oil from going back to
the tank. This movement by the counterbalance valve slows the speed of the motor and reduces
motor cavitation.

One of the crossover reliefs valve may open to send the high pressure return oil into the supply
side to help prevent motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 47 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Parking Crossover Relief

Brake Valve

Motor Motor

Check
Valve

Check
Orifice Valve
Parking Brake
Orifice Check
Counterbalance
Valve
Valve

321D-336D TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

STOP Travel
Valve

42

When the travel pedals/levers are returned to NEUTRAL, the supply oil is blocked by the travel
control valve.

The pressure drops in the spring chamber on one end of the counterbalance valve. The
counterbalance shifts to restrict the return oil.

The crossover relief valve opens to dampen the shock of the stop and send some of the high
pressure oil in the return passage to the supply passage to prevent motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 48 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

321D - 336D TRAVEL CROSSOVER RELIEF VALVES

Orifice Motor Unloading Motor Orifice
Valve

NEUTRAL

Dampening
Stop Stem Supply Orifice Supply Piston

Orifice Motor Unloading Motor Orifice

Valve

START OF
TRAVEL

Dampening
Return Orifice Supply Piston

43

The travel crossover relief valves provide a cushioning effect when they open, similar to the
travel relief valves used on the 320D and the swing system. The valves open to handle pressure
spikes of short duration and to reduce jerkiness at the start of travel or when travel is stopped.
The valves fully open when travel is stalled, the circuit pressure is at maximum.

NEUTRAL: In NEUTRAL the dampening pistons are moved against the stops by the large
springs. The large springs also seat the unloading valves. At this time the relief valves are at
their minimum spring setting.

Start of Travel: When travel is started, the high pressure oil in the supply side is sensed at the
relief valve on the left.

Since the pressure spike is short in duration, the oil sensed through the stem on the left end of
the left relief valve only partially moves the left dampening piston to the right, which helps
dampen the pressure spike at the start of travel.

The unloading valve moves to left against the large spring to allow some of the oil in the supply
side to flow into the return passage to dampen the pressure spike.

The relief valve opens at a lower pressure setting than maximum.

SERV1852-02 - 49 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

321D-336D TRAVEL CROSSOVER RELIEF VALVES

Orifice Motor Unloading Motor Orifice
Valve

STALL

Dampening
Return Orifice Supply Piston

Orifice Motor Unloading Motor Orifice

Valve

STOP

Dampening
Orifice Supply Piston
Return

44

Travel Stall: The crossover relief valves are also able to handle high pressure increases.

When travel is stalled, the high pressure in the supply side is sensed at the left relief valve. Not
only does the unloading valve move to the left, but oil sensed through the stem, allows for
pressure to increase on the left end.

As the pressure increases on the left end, the left dampening piston gradually moves to the right
to compress the large spring, which causes a modulated increase in the maximum relief valve
setting. The unloading valve shifts to allow the high pressure oil to go to the low pressure drive
loop.

Travel Stop: When travel is suddenly stopped the return oil is blocked by the counterbalance
valve. Pressure in the return side is very high, while pressure in the supply side is very low.

The high pressure is sensed at the right relief valve. The oil sensed through the stem on the
right end of the relief valve moves the left dampening piston to the left to partially compress the
spring due to the high pressure in the system. At the same time the right unloading moves to
the right and opens to allow the high pressure oil in the return loop to flow to the low pressure
side. This action reduces motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 50 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

330D / 336D LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR

MAKEUP OPERATION
Actuator

Parking
Brake

Crossover Relief Valves

Travel
Valve

Counterbalance Check Valve

Valve Slow Return
Check Valve

45

Makeup Operation

When the travel valve is returned to NEUTRAL, the counterbalance valve also returns to
NEUTRAL.

When the counterbalance valve returns to NEUTRAL, the supply pressure to the motor drops as
the motor continues to try to turn. Return oil to the travel control can be used as makeup oil to
the low pressure side.

Due to the back pressure created by the slow return check valve, the check valve in the
counterbalance valve can unseat and allow return oil to enter the low pressure side of the pump.

The crossover relief valve will also open to send oil in the high pressure side to the low
pressure side of the travel motor to reduce motor cavitation.
SERV1852-02 - 51 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

STRAIGHT TRAVEL CONTROL VALVE Heavy Lift

TRAVEL NEUTRAL Solenoid

Pilot Oil

Straight
Travel Solenoid Straight Travel
Parallel Main Solenoid
Feeder Relief
Left Right Valve
Travel
Valve Parallel
Feeder Right
Straight Travel Center
Control Valve Bypass Right Center
Bypass Right

Center
Bypass Main Check Drive
Left Relief Valves Pump
Valve
Left Check
Travel Parallel Valve
Valve Feeder Right

Idler
Idler Pump
Pump
Center
E Bypass Left
Drive
Parallel
Pump
Feeder Left
Straight Travel
Spool
Center
Bypass Left
Pilot Oil
Heavy Lift
Solenoid

46

STRAIGHT TRAVEL VALVE

The straight travel spool is held up by the spring in the lower chamber. The internal check
valve in the straight travel spool remains seated.

Drive pump supply oil flows into the right center bypass passage and around the straight travel
spool to the parallel feeder right passage. The drive pump supply oil is also sensed at the upper
left check valve.

Idler pump supply oil flows into the left center bypass passage and around the straight travel
spool to the parallel feeder left passage. The idler pump supply oil is also sensed at the lower
left check valve.

The higher supply pressure will unseat one of the check valves and be sensed at the main relief
valve.

The straight travel solenoid is only energized when both travel valves are activated and an
implement or the swing circuit has been activated at the same time.
SERV1852-02 - 52 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

STRAIGHT TRAVEL CONTROL VALVE Heavy Lift

ENERGIZED Solenoid

Pilot Oil

Straight
Travel Solenoid Straight Travel
Parallel Solenoid
Right Main
Feeder
Travel Relief
Left
Valve Valve
Parallel
Feeder Right

Straight Travel Center

Control Valve Bypass Right Center
Bypass Right

Center
Bypass Main Check Drive
Left Relief Valves Pump
Valve
Left Check
Travel Parallel Valve
Valve Feeder Right
Idler
Pump
Idler
Pump
Center
E Bypass Left
Drive
Parallel
Pump
Feeder Left
Straight Travel
Spool
Center
Bypass Left
Pilot Oil
Heavy Lift
Solenoid

47

When both travel valves are activated and an implement/swing is activated at the same time, the
straight travel solenoid is energized by the Machine ECM. The straight travel spool moves
down against the spring in the lower chamber.

The drive pump supply oil now flows into both the right center bypass passage and the left
center bypass passage to provide the flow needed to operate only the travel control valves.

Idler pump supply oil flow is directed to both parallel feeder passages to supply oil to the
implement and swing circuits.

If the idler pump operating pressure is higher than the Travel Systems pressure, the internal
check valve in the straight travel spool also moves down to allow some of the idler pump
supply oil to add to the flow being directed to the travel motors.
SERV1852-02 - 53 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

48

SWIVEL

The swivel (arrow) is mounted just to the front of the swing motor and behind the boom.

Since the lower structure does not swing and the upper structure does, a swivel is required to
direct oil to and from the travel motors.
SERV1852-02 - 54 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Lines to
Travel Valves
SWIVEL
Rotor

Upper Flange

Lower Flange

Housing

Lines to Lines to
Motors Motors

Port

49

Various ports in the housing route oil to and from the travel valves in the main control valve
group to the travel motors.

The housing is bolted to the lower structure. The upper flange is fastened to the upper
structure.

The rotor rotates within the upper structure as the upper structure swings.
SERV1852-02 - 55 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

Cover Ring Ring Gear TRIPLE REDUCTION

Gear
FINAL DRIVE
Cover

Sun Gears - Red

Output Shaft - Blue
Ring Gear - Green
Planet Gears - Orange
Carrier - Brown
Planet Shafts - Cat Yello
Bearings - Yellow

Motor
Motor Housing
1st Stage 2nd Stage 3rd Stage Drive Sprocket
Planetary Planetary Planetary Housing
Carrier Carrier Carrier

50

FINAL DRIVE

The final drive reduces the rotational speed of travel motor. The output shaft of the travel
motor is splined to sun gear (first stage).

The final drive consists of two groups. The first group consists of the three stages of the
planetary gear reduction. The second group is the output group.

Each of the three stages of the plantary reduction consists of a sun gear, planetary gear,
planetary carrier, and ring gear.

The output group is described as follows. The rotation of drive sprocket housing drives the
track (not shown). Drive sprocket housing, ring gear and cover are connected by bolts. The
drive sprocket housing, the ring gear and the cover are supported by roller bearing. This
planetary assembly rotates with the ring gear.

The planetary gears reduce the travel speed. The travel speed is reduced by the ratio of teeth of
the sun gear and the ring gear.
SERV1852-02 - 56 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

FINAL DRIVE
FIRST STAGE REDUCTION
Roller
Bearing

First Stage
Sun Gear
First Stage
Planetary
Carrier
First Stage
Planetary
Gear

Ring Gear

First Stage
Planetary
Shaft

Travel Motor
Output Shaft

51

The first stage sun gear is splined to the output shaft of the travel motor. The rotation of the
output shaft is transmitted to the sun gear. When sun gear rotates clockwise, the final drive
operates as follows:

In the first stage reduction group, the first stage sun gear causes the planetary gears to rotate
counterclockwise. The planetary gears mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear. The planetary
gears rotate around the sun gear and the ring gear internal teeth.

Each first stage planetary gear is mounted to the planetary carrier by shafts and by roller
bearings in order to form a planetary assembly.

The first stage planetary carrier rotates in a clockwise direction.

SERV1852-02 - 57 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

PLANETARY REDUCTION GROUP

SPLINES ENGAGEMENT
Ring Gear

First Stage
Planetary Shaft

First Stage
Planetary Gear

Second Stage
Sun Gear

First Stage
Planetary Carrier

52

The spline of first stage planetary carrier meshes with the second stage sun gear. The rotation
of planetary carrier is transmitted to the second stage sun gear. The second stage sun gear
rotates clockwise.

In the second stage reduction group, the second stage sun gear causes the planetary gears to
rotate counterclockwise. The first stage planetary gears mesh with the second sun gear and the
ring gear (not shown).

The first stage planetary gears rotate around the second stage sun gear and the ring gear internal
teeth.

The first stage planetary carrier rotates clockwise.

SERV1852-02 - 58 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

PLANETARY REDUCTION GROUP

Drive Sprocket
SPLINES ENGAGEMENT Ring Housing
Gear

Motor
Second Stage Housing
Third Stage
Planetary Carrier
Planetary Carrier

Third Stage
Planetary Gear

Third Stage
Sun Gear

53

The spline of second stage planetary carrier meshes with third stage sun gear. The rotation
of second stage planetary carrier is transmitted to the third stage sun gear. The third stage sun
gear rotates clockwise.

In the third stage reduction group, the spline teeth of the third stage planetary carrier mesh with
teeth on the outer circumference of motor housing. Since the motor housing is fixed to the
track frame, third stage planetary carrier does not rotate.

The third stage planetary shaft is stationary. The third stage planetary gear rotates around the
planetary shaft.

Since third stage planetary carrier is attached to the track frame and the third stage planetary
carrier does not move, the ring gear rotates counterclockwise.

Since ring gear and drive sprocket housing are held together with bolts, drive sprocket housing
rotates counterclockwise. This action causes the right track to move in a forward direction.
SERV1852-02 - 59 - Text Reference
08/08 Travel Systems

54

CONCLUSION

This presentation has provided information for the 320D-336D Caterpillar Hydraulic
Excavators.

This section of the presentation covered the Travel Systems.

When used in conjunction with the service manual, the information in this package should
permit the technician to do a thorough job of analyzing a problem in these systems.

For service repairs, adjustments, and maintenance, always refer to the Operation and
Maintenance Manual, Service Manuals, and other related service publications.