Total No, of Questions—12] {Total No. of Printed Pages—7 S.E. (Polymer/Petroleum/Petrochemical) (First Sem.) EXAMINATION, 2012 CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS (2008 PATTERN) Time : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 100 NB. :— (i) — Answer three questions from Section I and three questions from Section I, di) Answers to the two Sections should be written in separate answer-books. (iit) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary. (iv) Figures to the right indicate full marks. (v) Use of logarithmic tables, electronic pocket calculator and steam tables is allowed. (oi) Assume suitable data, if necessary, SECTION I 1. (a) ‘The permeability of sand is 1 x 10“ em/s, If crude oil is spilled on sandy soil, how long in hours will the oil take to reach a water well 150 m away ? (8] PTO.(b) 2 (a) (b) 3. (a) [4262]-193 A solution of caustic soda in water contains 20% NaOH (by weight) at 333 K. The density of the solution is 1,196 ke/l. Find the molarity, normality and molality of the solution. {3} Or Explain with formulae, four scales used in Chemical industry for measuring specific gravity of a solution. 8] A weight of 1.1 kg of CO occupies a volume of 33 litre at 300 K. Using the van der Waals equation of state, calculate the pressure, Given : For CO , van der Waals constants are : a = 360 [(m9)? - kPal/(kmol)? and b = 4.3 x 10-2 m3/kmol. [8] In a Petrochemical industry, a double effect evaporator system concentrates weak liquor containing 9% (by weight) solids to produce a lye containing 21% (by weight) solids. Calculate the amount of water evaporated for 9000 kg of feed in the evaporator. [8](6) A sample of coal from Andrew Yules Colliery, West Bengal, is found to contain 67.2% carbon and 22.3% ash (by weight). The refuse obtained at the end of the combustion is analyzed to contain 7.1% carbon and the rest ash. Compute. the % of the original carbon remaining un-burnt in the refuse. [8] Or 4, In a Polymer industry, a three-stage cascade screening system is employed to remove the oversize foreign particles from dilute slurries. If Ey, Eg and Eg are the functions indicating fractions of foreign particles (i.e, efficiency of each screen/100) removed in the three screens respectively, develop a general relationship for the overall efficiency of the system involving two recycle operations. [16] Process Feed Undersize to process Recycled undersize from Recycled Screen 2 undersize from Screen 3 [4262]-193 3 P.T.O.5. (a) Define Conversion, Yield and Selectivity. (6) Monochloroacetic acid (MCA) is manufactured in a semibatch reactor by the action of glacial acetic acid with chlorine gas at 373 K in the presence of PCl3 catalyst. MCA thus formed will further react with chlorine to form dichloroacetic acid (DCA). To prevent the formation of DCA, excess acetic acid is used. A small scale unit which produces 5000 kg/d MCA requires 4536 kg/d of chlorine gas. Also, 263 kg/d of DCA is separated in the crystallizer to get almost pure MCA product. Find the % conversion, % yield of MCA and selectivity. [12] Or 6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of : CO + 2H, - CHs0H The side reaction is : CO + 8H) > CH, + H,0 At a pressure of 6,9 MPa a and a temperature 574.6 K, the conversion per pass is 12.5%, Of this, 87.5% is reached by reaction I and rest by II, The fresh feed contains 32% CO (by mole) and 68% Hy (by mole). The stream leaving the reactor passes through a condenser and a separator. The CO and Hy leaving this unit are (4262]-193 4recycled. The methane leaves as a gas and the liquid mixture of methanol and water passes to a distillation column for the concentration of methanol. Compute : (a) (b) (c) @ (b) (4262]-193 the analysis, mole % and weight % of the hot gaseous stream leaving the reactor, the methanol content, weight % of the liquid stream, the recycle ratio, and the methane purged. [18] SECTION II Explain bubble point and dew point determination using flash calculations with neat sketch of phase envelope. [8] Vapor pressures of A and B in a mixture the following Raoult’s law are : 2945 In P§#* = 14.27 - nea 1 Fy oe 2973 Sat oy In PRY = 14.20 ~ a5. If the bubble point of a mixture of A and B is 76°C at a total pressure of 80 kPa, find the composition of the first vapour that form. (8) 5 P.T.O.Or 8. Assuming the validity of Raoult’s law, perform the following calculations for Benzene (1)/Toluene (2) : (@) Given : x = 0.33, T = 100°C, find y, and P. (6) Given : y; = 0.88, T = 100°C, find x, and P. (c) Given : x, = 0.33, P = 120 kPa, find y, and T. [16] Component A B c J —- ep ute/e Benzene tsesed | 277378 | z2007 [NO Toluene 14.0098 | 3103.01 | 219.79 | ae 9. (a) Write in brief on various forms and types of energy. [8] (6) Pure methane is heated from 303 K to 523 K at atmospheric pressure. Calculate the heat added per kmol methane. Given : a = 19.2494; & = 52.1135 x 10-3, ¢ = 11973 x 10%; d = -113173 x 10-9, Or (8] 10. Toluene is heated from 290 K to 350 K at the rate of 0,25 kg/s. Calculate the heat required to be added to toluene by using two sets of constants and compute the % difference : (16) a bx 10*3 | ex 10*6 | dx 109 Set I 1.8083 812.223 1512.67 1630.01 Set IL 56.276 | 1768.423 —5192,623 | 5497.39 [4262]-193 611. (a) With formulae, explain the determination of latent heat of vaporization using Watson and Riedel equations. (8) (6) For o-xylene, calculate : (i) Jatent heat of vaporization at 298 K using Watson equation, and (ii) latent heat of vaporization at Tg using Riedel equation Given : Po = 3730 kPa; Tg = 630.8 K; Ty = 417.5 K; A = 36819 kJ/kmol at 417.5 K. [10] Or 12, Calculate the heat of formation of ethylene gas at 298.15 K using the given heat of combustion data. The standard heat of formation of ethylene gas is 52.5 kd/mol. Comment on any difference generated. Given : Heat of combustion of Carbon = -393.51 kJ/mol Heat of combustion of Hp gas = 241.82 kJ/mol Heat of combustion of ethylene = -1323.1 kJ/mol. [18] [4262]-193 7