Differential Amplifier

Depending on position of pendulum core

inside of LVDT level sensor, sine wave
signal on differential amplifier inputs is
Zener 7.0V

V+(Battery) Oscillator appr. 3kHz Single ended amplifier either in or out of phase
(0° in phase or 180° out of phase)
47R

Zero Switch
4.7uF/63V LVDT
Each coil gets opposite phase signal In phase signal:

+
47R

22k

+
3.3k
coil1: 0°phase angle => common mode input

8.2k
+

68uF/16V => less differential gain

47nF/250V WiMa
120R coil2: 180° phase angle 68uF/16V
If both coils gets oppsite phase:
ON/OFF Switch

7.5k
Signal at center tap is zero, Out of phase signal:
Range3-100''FS-245k
5.6k

6.8k

6.8k
=> differential input

1k
4.7uF/63V if magnetic permeable core is centered

100k
between coils => more differential gain
If core moves out of center, Range2-200''FS-122,5k

2.2k
No signal here

1k
inductance between coils is unbalanced
Balance 200R
+

1MOhm
canceled out by negative

Gain Adjust 470R

=> Sine wave signal at center tap

+
feedback from range switch
-6.25V Regulated

Offset-Balance 470R
68uF/16V Range1-16'FS-24k
LVDT 125Ohm/130mH

LVDT 125Ohm/130mH

Range Switch

62k
+

+
10k 3300uF/6.3V
47k

51pF Range Switch 4.7uF/63V 4.7uF/63V

47pF => negative feedback to input
220nF/160V/WiMa
small resistor:

2.2k
=> large feedback 1 2 3
4.7k
Sine wave signal => low gain
from LVDT

33k
Phase depending

6.8k
on position of

3.3MOhm

1MOhm
LVDT core 1000uF/16V 3300uF/6.3V

220R

390R
+
1k

+
1.5k
68uF/16V

Battery Volts Button

GND (Battery) Filter Switch
Pos1: Open
Pos2: 1MOhm/3300uF in Series with 3.3MOhm/1000uF

GF1
Pos3: 1MOhm/3300uF in Series with
(3.3MOhm/1000uF+1MOhm/3300uF)
2.2k
Fixed phase sine wave signal from LVDT oscillator Pos1: fast
Pos2: medium

220nF/160V
Pos3: slow
47k

Balance Button