Q90.

How do you load the last N rows from a flat-file into

a target table in Informatica?
Ans. This is an important Informatica scenario based question.

Considering that the source has data:

 Col
 ABC
 DEF
 GHI
 JKL
 MNO

Now follow the below steps to load the last 3 rows into a target table

Step 1

 Assign the row numbers to each record by using expression transformation. Name the
row to calculate as N_calculate.
 Create a dummy output port and assign 1 to the port in the same expression
transformation.
 This will return 1 for each row.

Ports in Expression Transformation

V_calculate=V_calculatet+1

N_calculate=V_calculate
N_dummy=1
Outputs in Expression Transformation
col, N_calculate, N_dummy
ABC, 1, 1
DEF, 2, 1
GHI, 3, 1
JKL, 4, 1
MNO, 5, 1

Step 2

 Pass expression transformation output to the aggregator transformation

 Do not specify condition ‘any group’
 Create a N_total_records output port in the aggregator
 Assign the N_calculatet port to it.
 By default, it will return the last row
 It will contain DUMMY port
  Now it will hold the value as 1 and N_total_records port (it will keep the value of the
total number of records available in the source)

Ports in Aggregator Transformation

N_dummy

N_calculate
N_total_records=N_calculate
Outputs in Aggregator Transformation
N_total_records, N_dummy
5, 1

Step 3

 Now pass the value of expression and aggregator transformation to the joiner
transformation
 Merge the dummy port
 Check the property sorted input in the joiner transformation to connect both
expression and aggregator transformation
 Now the join condition will be O_dummy (port from aggregator transformation) =
O_dummy (port from expression transformation)

Outputs in Joiner Transformation

col, N_calculate, N_total_records
ABC, 1, 5
DEF, 2, 5
GHI, 3, 5
JKL, 4, 5
MNO, 5, 5

Step 4

 Pass the joiner transformation to filter transformation

 Mention the filter condition as N_total_records (port from aggregator)-
N_calculate(port from expression) <=2
 Thus, the filter condition in the filter transformation will be N_total_records –
N_calculate <=2

Output

Outputs in Filter Transformation

col N_calculate, N_total_records
GHI, 3, 5
JKL, 4, 5
MNO, 5, 5
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Q91. Solve the below situations if data has duplicate rows. 

Data

 Amazon
 Walmart
 Snapdeal
 Snapdeal
 Walmart
 Flipkart
 Walmart

Situation – Give steps to load all unique names in one table and duplicate
names in another table.

Solution 1 – We want solution tables as:

Amazon and Flipkart in one table

And

Walmart, Walmart, Walmart, Snapdeal,  and Snapdeal in another table

Follow the below steps

 Sort the name data by using a sorter transformation

 Pass the sorted output to an expression transformation
 Form a dummy port N_dummy and assign 1 to the port
 Now for each row, the Dummy output port will return 1

Expression Transformation Output

Name, N_dummy
Amazon, 1
Walmart, 1
Walmart, 1
Walmart, 1
Snapdeal, 1
Snapdeal, 1
Flipkart, 1

 Pass the acquired expression transformation output to aggregator transformation

 Check ‘groupby’ on name port
 Create an output port in aggregator N_calculate_of_each_name and write an
expression calculate(name).

Aggregator Transformation Output

name, N_calculate_of_each_name
Amazon, 1
Walmart, 3
Snapdeal, 2
Flipkart, 1

 Pass the expression and aggregator transformation output to joiner transformation

 Join the name ports
 Review the property sorted input to connect both transformations to joiner
transformation

Joiner Transformation Output

name, N_dummy, N_calculate_of_each_name
Amazon, 1, 1
Walmart, 1, 3
Walmart, 1, 3
Walmart, 1, 3
Snapdeal, 1, 2
Snapdeal, 1, 2
Flipkart, 1, 1

 Move the joiner output to router transformation

 Create one group
 Specify it as O_dummy=O_count_of_each_name
 Connect the group to one table
 Connect default output group to another table
 You will get separate tables for both

Q92. Situation 2 – Solve the below situations if data has

duplicate rows. 
Data

 Amazon
 Walmart
 Snapdeal
 Snapdeal
 Walmart
 Flipkart
 Walmart

Situation – Load each name once in one table and duplicate products in another table.

Ans.

Solution 2 – We want the output as:

Table 1 

Amazon
Walmart
Snapdeal
Flipkart

Table 2

Walmart
Walmart
Snapdeal

The below steps will give the desired solution:

 Sort the name data by using a sorter transformation

 Pass name output to expression transformation
 Create a variable port,Z_curr_name
 Assign the name port to variable port
 Create Z_calculate port
 Write in the expression editor, IIF(Z_curr_name=Z_prev_name, V_calculate+1,1)
 Form another variable and call it as port Z_prev_port
 Assign the name port to this variable
 Form the output portN_calculate port
 Assign Z_calculate to this output port

Expression Transformation Name port

Z_curr_name=name
Z_calculate=IIF(Z_curr_name=Z_prev_name,
Z_calculate+1, 1)
N_calculate=Z_calculate

Expression Transformation Output

Amazon, 1
Walmart, 1
Walmart, 2
Walmart, 3
Snapdeal, 1
Snapdeal, 2
Flipkart, 1

 Route the expression transformation to router transformation

 Form a group
 Specify condition as N_calculate=1
 Merge the group to one table
 Merge the default group output to another table
Learn more about Data Analysis

Q93. In Informatica, how do you use Normalizer

Transformation for the below-mentioned condition?
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4
State
Purchase Purchase Purchase Purchase
ABC 80 85 90 95
DEF 60 65 70 75

Ans. This is one of the popularly asked Informatica Interview questions that you must
prepare for your upcoming interview.

If you want to transform a single row into multiple rows, Normalizer Transformation will
help. Also, it is used for converting multiple rows into a single row to make data look
organized. As per the above scenario-based Informatica interview question, we want the
solution to look as:

State Name Quarter Purchase

ABC 1 80
ABC 2 85
ABC 3 90
ABC 4 95
DEF 1 60
DEF 2 65
DEF 3 70
DEF 4 75

Follow the steps to achieve the desired solution by using normalizer transformation:

Step 1 –

 Create a table “purchase_source” and assign a target table as “purchase_target”

 Import the table to informatica
 Create a mapping for both the tables having a source as “purchase_source”
“purchase_target” respectively
 Create a new transformation from the transformation menu
 Enter the name “xyz_purchase”
 Select create option
 Select done (now the transformation is created)

Step 2 –

 Double click on normalization transformation

 Go to normalizer tab and select it
 From the tab, click on the icon, this will create two columns
 Enter the names of columns
  Fix number of occurrences to 4 for purchase and 0 for the state name
 Select OK
 4 columns will be generated and appear in the transformation

Step 3 –

 In the mapping, link all four columns in source qualifier of the four Quarters to the
normalizer
 Link state name column to normalizer column
 Link state_name and purchase columns to target table
 Link lkp_purchase column to target table
 Create session and workflow
 Save the mapping and execute it
 You will get the desired rearranged output

State Name Quarter Purchase

ABC 1 80
ABC 2 85
ABC 3 90
ABC 4 95
DEF 1 60
DEF 2 65
DEF 3 70
DEF 4 75

Q94. What to do when you get the below error?

AA_10000 Normalizer Transformation: Initialization Error: [Cannot match AASid
with BBTid.]

Ans. Follow the below process –

 Remove all the unconnected input ports to the normalizer transformation

 If OCCURS is present, check that the number of input ports is equal to the number of
OCCURS

Q95. What are the steps to create, design, and implement

SCD Type 1 mapping in Informatica using the ETL tool?
Ans. The SCD Type 1 mapping helps in the situation when you don’t want to store historical
data in the Dimension table as this method overwrites the previous data with the latest data.

The process to be followed:

 Identify new records

 Insert it into the dimension table
 Identify the changed record
  Update it in the dimension table 

For example:

If the source table looks like:

CREATE TABLE Students (

Student_Id   Number,

Student_Name Varchar2(60),

Place  Varchar2(60)

Now we require using the SCD Type 1 method to load the data present in the source table
into the student dimension table.

CREATE TABLE Students_Dim (

Stud_Key  Number,

Student_Id  Number,

Student_Name Varchar2(60),

Location Varchar2(60)

Follow the steps to generate SCD Type 1 mapping in Informatica

 In the database, create source and dimension tables

 Create or import source definition in the mapping designer tool’s source analyzer
 Import the Target Definition from Warehouse designer or Target designer
 Create a new mapping from the mapping designer tab
 Drag and drop the source
 Select Create option from toolbar’s Transformation section
 Select Lookup Transformation
 Enter the name and click on create
 From the window, select Student dimension table and click OK
 Edit lkp transformation
 Add a new port In_Student_Id from the properties tab
 Connect the port to source qualifier transformation’ Student_Id port
 From the lkp transformation’s condition tab, enter the Lookup condition as Student_Id
= IN_Student_Id
 Click OK
 Now, connect source qualifier transformation’s student_id port to lkp transformation’s
In_Student_Id port
  Create expression transformation using the input port as Stud_Key, Name, Location,
Src_Name, Src_Location
 Create an output port as New_Flag, Changes_Flag
 In the expression transformation’s output ports, enter the below-mentioned expression
o New_Flag = IIF(ISNULL(Stud_Key),1,0)

Changed_Flag = IIF(NOT ISNULL(Stud_Key)

AND (Name != Src_Name

OR Location != Src_Location),

1, 0 )

 Connect lkp transformation port to expression transformation port

 Also, connect source qualifier transformation port to expression transformation port
 Form a filter transformation and move the ports of source qualifier transformation
 Edit the filter transformation and set new Filter Condition as New_Flag=1 from the
edit filter transformation option
 Press OK
 Create an update strategy transformation
 Connect all filter transformation port just exclude except the New_Flag port
 From the properties tab of update strategy, enter DD_INSERT as the strategy
expression
 Drag target definition to mapping
 Connect relevant ports to target definition from update strategy
 Create a sequence generator transformation
 Connect NEXTVAL port to target surrogate key port (stud_key)
 Create a different filter transformation
 In the filter transformation, drag lkp transformation’s port (Stud_Key), source
qualifier transformation (Name, Location), expression transformation (changed_flag)
ports
 Go to the properties tab to edit the filter transformation
 Mention the filter condition as Changed_Flag=1
 Click OK
 Create the update strategy
 Connect parts of filter transformation to update strategy
 From the update strategy properties tab, enter expressions DD_Update
 In this mapping, drag target definition
 From the update strategy, connect all the appropriate ports to target definition

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Q96. Give steps to use PMCMD Utility Command.

Ans. There are 4 different built-in command-line programs:

 infacmd
 infasetup
  pmcmd
 Pmrep

 PMCMD command helps for the following functions:

 Start workflows
 Schedule workflows
 Start a workflow from a specific task
 Stop and abort workflows and sessions

 Below are the steps to use PMCMD command:

1. Start workflow

pmcmd startworkflow -service informatica-integration-Service -d domain-name -u user-name

-p password -f folder-name -w workflow-name

2. Scheduling the workflow

pmcmd scheduleworkflow -service informatica-integration-Service -d domain-name -u user-

name -p password -f folder-name -w workflow-name

3. Start a workflow from a specific task

pmcmd startask -service informatica-integration-Service -d domain-name -u user-name -p

password -f folder-name -w workflow-name -startfrom task-name

4. Abort workflow

pmcmd abortworkflow -service informatica-integration-Service -d domain-name -u user-

name -p password -f folder-name -w workflow-name

pmcmd aborttask -service informatica-integration-Service -d domain-name -u user-name -p

password -f folder-name -w workflow-name task-name

 Q97. How to configure the target load order in

Informatica?
Ans. Follow the below steps:

 Create mapping containing multiple target load order groups in the PowerCenter
designer
 From the toolbar, click on the Mappings and then click on Target Load Plan
 You will see a pop up that will have a list of source qualifier transformations in the
mapping. Also, it will have the target from which it receives data from each source
qualifier
 From the list, pick a source qualifier
 Using the Up and Down button, move source qualifier within load order
 Click ok
  You will get the desired output

Q98. Using the incremental aggregation in the below table,

what will be the output in the next table?
Product ID Bill Number Cost Data
101 1 100 01/01/2020
201 2 150 01/01/2020
301 3 200 01/01/2020
101 4 300 05/01/2020
101 5 400 05/01/2020
201 6 500 05/01/2020
555 7 550 05/01/2020
151 8 600 05/01/2020

Ans. When the first load is finished the table will become:

Product ID Bill Number Load_Key Data

101 1 20011 100
201 2 20011 150
301 3 20011 200

Q99. What is the syntax of the INITCAP function?

Ans. This function is used to capitalize the first character of each word in the string and
makes all other characters in lowercase.

Below is the Syntax:

INITTCAP(string_name)

These were some of the most popular scenario-based Informatica interview questions.

Q100. How will you generate sequence numbers using

expression transformation?
Ans. We can generate sequence numbers using expression transformation by following the
below steps:

 Create a variable port and increment it by 1

 Allocate the variable port to an output port. The two ports in the expression
transformation are: V_count=V_count+1 and O_count=V_count

Also Read>>  Top Database Interview Questions and Answers

Q101. How will you load the first 4 rows from a flat-file
into a target?
Ans. The first 4 rows can be loaded from a flat-file into a target using the following steps: 

 Allocate row numbers to each record. 

 Create the row numbers by using the expression transformation or by using the
sequence generator transformation.
 Pass the output to filter transformation and specify the filter condition as O_count <=4

Q102. What is the difference between Source Qualifier

and Filter Transformation?
Ans. The differences between Source Qualifier and Filter Transformation are:

Source Qualifier Transformation Filter Transformation

1. It filters rows while reading the
1. Filters rows from within mapping.
data from a source.
2. It can filter rows only from 2. This can filter rows from any type of source system
relational sources. at the mapping level.
3. Source Qualifier limits the row sets
3. It limits the row set sent to a target.
extracted from a  source.
4. It reduces the number of rows used 4. To maximize performance, Filter Transformation is
in mapping thereby enhancing added close to the source to filter out the unwanted
performance. data early.
5. Filter Transformation defines a condition using any
5. Filter condition uses the standard
statement or transformation function that returns either
SQL to run in the database.
a TRUE or FALSE value.

Q103. Create a mapping to load the cumulative sum of

salaries of employees into the target table. Consider the
following employee’s data as a source.
employee_id, salary

1, 2000

2, 3000

3, 4000

4, 5000

The target table data should look like the following: 

employee_id, salary, cumulative_sum

1, 2000, 2000

2, 3000, 5000

3, 4000, 9000

4, 5000, 14000

Ans. The following steps need to be followed to get the desired output: 

 Connect the source Qualifier to the expression transformation

 Create a variable port V_cum_sal in the expression transformation 
 Write V_cum_sal+salary in the expression editor
 Create an output port O_cum_sal and assign V_cum_sal to it

Q104. Create a mapping to find the sum of salaries of all

employees. The sum should repeat for all the rows.
Consider the employee’s data provided in Q14. as a
source. 
The output should look like: 

employee_id, salary, salary_sum

1, 2000, 14000

2, 3000, 14000

3, 4000, 14000

4, 5000, 14000

Ans. The following steps should be followed to get the desired output: 

Step 1:

Connect the source qualifier to the expression transformation. 

Create a dummy port in the expression transformation and assign value 1 to it. The ports will
be: 

 employee_id
 salary
 O_dummy=1

Step 2:

Provide the output of expression transformation to the aggregator transformation. 

Create a new port O_sum_salary 

Write- SUM(salary) in the expression editor. 

The ports will be: 

 Salary
 O_dummy
 O_sum_salary=SUM(salary)

Step 3: 

Provide the output of expression transformation and aggregator transformation to joiner

transformation.

Join the DUMMY port. 

Check the property sorted input and connect expression and aggregator to joiner
transformation.

Step 4: 

Provide the output of the joiner to the target table.

Q105. Create a mapping to get the previous row salary for

the current row. In case, there is no previous row for the
current row, then the previous row salary should be
displayed as null.
The output should look like:

employee_id, salary, pre_row_salary

1, 2000, Null
2, 3000, 2000
3, 4000, 3000
4, 5000, 4000

Ans. The following steps will be followed to get the desired output:

 Connect the source Qualifier to the expression transformation.

 Create a variable port V_count in the expression transformation.
 Increment it by 1 for each row.
 Create V_salary variable port and assign IIF(V_count=1,NULL,V_prev_salary) to it.
 Create variable port V_prev_salary and assign Salary. 
 Create output port O_prev_salary and assign V_salary. 
 Connect the expression transformation to the target ports.
The ports in the expression transformation will be: 

 employee_id
 salary
 V_count=V_count+1
 V_salary=IIF(V_count=1,NULL,V_prev_salary)
 V_prev_salary=salary
 O_prev_salary=V_salary

Q106. What is the name of the scenario in which the

Informatica server rejects files?
Ans: The Informatica server rejects files when there is a rejection of the update strategy
transformation. In such a rare case scenario the database comprising the information and data
also gets interrupted. 

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Q107. What will happen in the following scenario:

If the SELECT list COLUMNS in the Custom override
SQL Query and the OUTPUT PORTS order in SQ
transformation do not match?
Ans. Such a scenario where the SELECT list COLUMNS in the Custom override SQL Query
and the OUTPUT PORTS order in SQ transformation do not match – may result in session
failure.

Q108. What can be done to enhance the performance of

the joiner condition?
Ans. The joiner condition performance can be enhanced by the following:

 Sort the data before applying to join.

 If the data is unsorted, then consider the source with fewer rows as the master source.
 Perform joins in a database. 
 If joins cannot be performed for some tables, then the user can create a stored
procedure and then join the tables in the database.

Q109. How do you load alternate records into different

tables through mapping flow?
Ans. To load alternate records into different tables through mapping flow, just add a
sequence number to the records and then divide the record number by 2. If it can be divided,
then move it to one target. If not, then move it to the other target.

It involves the following steps:

 Drag the source and connect to an expression transformation.

 Add the next value of a sequence generator to the expression transformation.
 Make two ports, Odd and Even in the expression transformation. 
 Write the expression below

v_count (variable port) = v_count+1

o_count (output port) = v_count

 Connect a router transformation and drag the port (products, v_count) from
expression into the router transformation. 
 Make two groups in the router 
 Give condition 
 Send the two groups to different targets

Q110. How do you implement Security Measures using a

Repository manager?
Ans. There are 3 ways to implement security measures: 

1. Folder Permission within owners, groups, and users.

2. Locking (Read, Write, Retrieve, Save, and Execute).
3. Repository Privileges 

Q111. How can you store previous session logs in

Informatica?
Ans. The following steps will enable you to store previous session logs in Informatica:

1. Go to Session Properties > Config Object > Log Options

2. Select the properties:

Save session log by –> SessionRuns

Save session log for these runs –> Change the number that you want to save the number of
log files (Default is 0)

 If you want to save all of the log files created by every run, and then select the option
Save session log for these runs –> Session TimeStamp
Q112. Mention the performance considerations while
working with Aggregator Transformation?
Ans. The following are the performance considerations while working with Aggregator
Transformation:

 To reduce unnecessary aggregation, filter the unnecessary data before aggregating. 

 To minimize the size of the data cache, connect only the needed input/output ports to
the succeeding transformations. 
 Use Sorted input to minimize the amount of data cached to enhance the session
performance.

We hope that this interview blog covering Informatica interview questions for freshers and
experienced candidates as well scenario based Informatica interview questions will help you
crack your upcoming interview.