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Preboard Exam 1
Structural Engineering and Construction

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the Situation 3:

following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by An experimental beam is composed of three materials
shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on as shown in the figure. The materials are firmly
the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES fastened together so that there are no relative
ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only. movement between them. The beam is subjected to a
bending moment of 50 kN-m, determine the following.
1. A copper tube with wall thickness of 8 mm must carry
an axial tensile force of 175 kN. The allowable tensile
stress is 90 MPa. Determine the minimum required
outer diameter.
a. 72 mm c. 60 mm
b. 93 mm d. 85 mm

Situation 1:
For the continuous beam shown:

Given: EWOOD = 9,780 MPa

EAL. = 70,000 MPa
EST. = 200,000 MPa

2. What is the bending moment (kN-m) at interior 8. The maximum stress (MPa) in wood.
support? a. 5.66 c. 6.35
a. -187.50 c. -112.50 b. 4.05 d. 7.16
b. -93.75 d. -56.25
9. The maximum stress (MPa) in aluminum.
3. What is the reaction at the interior support? a. 81.87 c. 79.52
a. 56.25 c. 112.50 b. 85.26 d. 83.41
b. 93.75 d. 187.50
10. The maximum stress (MPa) in steel.
4. What is the reaction at the exterior support? a. 163.75 c. 168.33
a. 56.25 c. 112.50 b. 170.01 d. 159.51
b. 93.75 d. 187.5
Situation 4:
Situation 2: Determine the forces in members BE, DE, and the
A rectangular footing 2.5 m wide along the x-axis and reaction at A for the truss shown in the figure if P =
3 m long along the y-axis supports a concentrically 150 kN.
located column 0.6 m x 0.6 m in area.

Given:

Footing ultimate loads

Axial Load, Pu = 1500 kN
Moment, My = 180 kN-m

Effective footing depth, d = 350 mm

Concrete strength, f’c = 28 MPa
Steel Yield strength, Fy = 415 MPa

5. Find the max. punching shear stress (MPa) due to the 11. Member BE.
axial load only. a. 184.31 kN c. 274.67 kN
a. 0.50 c. 0.96 b. 157.55 kN d. 375.0 kN
b. 0.67 d. 1.29
12. Member DE.
6. What is the maximum wide beam shear stress (MPa) a. 184.31 kN c. 274.67 kN
due to the given footing loads? b. 157.55 kN d. 375.0 kN
a. 0.50 c. 0.96
b. 0.67 d. 1.29 13. Reaction at A.
a. 491.49 kN c. 129.05 kN
7. How much additional moment (kN-m) can the footing b. 536.50 kN d. 215.09 kN
carry without causing uplift of the footing?
a. 445 c. 180 14. It is the value of the upper limit slenderness ratio
b. 625 d. 325 recommended for design of compression members.
a. 250 c. 150
b. 200 d. 300
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15. A 5-m long simply supported wood beam with Situation 7:

rectangular cross-section (200 mm by 280 mm) Refer to the figure below. A three-hinged arch carries
carries uniform load of 9.5 kN/m which includes the the following loads:
weight of the beam. Calculate the maximum flexural
stress. P1 = 150 kN
a. 10.1 MPa c. 11.4 MPa P2 = 300 kN
b. 14.3 MPa d. 8.7 MPa
Dimensions are as follows:
16. It is formed when the entire cross-section of the beam,
not just extreme fibers, has reached the yield stress. H = 15 m
a. Yield Moment c. Plastic Moment S=5m
b. Real Hinge d. Plastic Hinge

Situation 5:
Refer to the figure shown. Point A and Point B of the
Mohr’s Circle represents the stress at the X-face and at
the Y-face of the element, respectively.

23. What is the vertical reaction (kN) at A?

a. 500 c. 250
b. 450 d. 225

24. What is the horizontal reaction (kN) at B?

17. What is the value of the tensile stress, σX (MPa)? a. 500 c. 250
a. 40 c. 50 b. 450 d. 225
b. 120 d. 80
25. What is the horizontal reaction (kN) at C
18. What is the value of the tensile stress σY (MPa)? a. 500 c. 250
a. 40 c. 50 b. 450 d. 225
b. 120 d. 80
Situation 8:
19. Calculate the value of the maximum principal stress A 600 mm x 600 mm column carries a total live load of
(MPa). 1200 kN and a total dead load of 1500 kN. The column
a. 16 c. 64 is to be supported by a rectangular spread footing
b. 144 d. 152 whose one side is limited to 3 m and whose bottom is
2 m below the ground surface.
Situation 6:
Refer to the figure of continuous beam. Design Parameters:
Code: NSCP 2015
Allowable soil bearing capacity = 230 kPa
Unit weight of soil = 16 kN/m3
Unit weight of concrete = 23.5 kN/m3
f'c = 28 MPa
fy = 415 MPa

Given: Dead Load = 280 N/m 26. Assuming footing thickness of 700 mm, determine the
Moving Live Load = 420 N/m net soil bearing capacity in kPa.
Moving Concentrated LL = 17800 N a. 230.00 c. 213.55
b. 209.20 d. 192.75
20. Which of the following gives the maximum ordinate of
influence line for positive moment at point A? 27. Determine the required footing length in meters.
a. 1.5 c. 0.5 a. 4.7 c. 4.3
b. 1.0 d. 2.0 b. 4.9 d. 4.5

21. What is the moment (N-m) at point A due to dead load? 28. Determine the required footing depth based on wide
a. 630 c. 310 beam shear simplified calculation.
b. 420 d. 210 a. 590 c. 580
b. 600 d. 570
22. What is the moment (N-m) at point A due to dead load
and live loads?
a. 19505 c. 20255
b. 19955 d. 18955
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Situation 9: Situation 11:

A simply supported girder of a bridge spans 25 m. The A prestressed concrete section below is subjected to a
standard truck load (H load) consists of 2 moving dead load moment and live load moment of 48 kN-m
loads, 4.3 m apart. The loads are as follows: and 55 kN-m, both positive bending. Use Pe = 450 kN

P1 = 71.2 kN
P2 = 17.8 kN

29. Calculate the maximum support reaction.

a. 64.2 kN c. 71.2 kN
b. 89.0 kN d. 85.9 kN

30. Calculate the maximum moment in the girder.

a. 890 kN-m c. 222.5 kN-m
b. 518.6 kN-m d. 556.25 kN-m

31. Calculate the maximum shear at midspan.

35. Determine the gross moment of inertia of the section
a. 44.5 kN c. 38.7 kN
in mm4.
b. 41.4 kN d. 32.3 kN
a. 1102(10)6 c. 895(10)6
b. 998(10)6 d. 1201(10)6
Situation 10:
Due to architectural requirement, a column is of T-
36. What is the stress at the bottom fiber in MPa?
section as shown in the figure.
a. -11.94 c. -12.15
b. -6.43 d. 0.41

37. What is the stress at the top fiber in MPa?

a. -11.94 c. -12.15
b. -6.43 d. 0.41

Situation 12:
A three-span continuous beam shown in the figure
carries a uniform dead load of 3.4 kN/m and a uniform
live load of 2.5 kN/m. Determine the following
required using the shear and moment coefficient,
Columns are typical with 500 mm x 500 mm
Given: AS1 = 6 – 25 mm diameter bars dimension.
AS2 = 4 – 25 mm diameter bars
h1 = 250 mm
h2 = 450 mm
b1 = 200 mm
b2 = 300 mm
fc’ = 28 MPa
fy = 415 MPa
10 mm diameter ties 38. Moment at point C (kN-m).
Clear concrete cover = 40 mm a. 28.41 c. 36.00
b. 39.59 d. 40.01
Assume that for all bars, fs = fy
39. Moment at point E (kN.m).
32. What is the distance (mm) of the plastic centroid of the a. 28.41 c. 36.00
section from line 1 along X-axis? b. 39.59 d. 40.01
a. 350 c. 256
b. 313 d. 286 40. Moment at point F (kN.m).
a. 28.41 c. 36.00
33. Which of the following gives the location (mm) of the b. 39.59 d. 40.01
geometric centroid from line 1 along X-axis?
a. 318 c. 232 41. Shear at point A (kN).
b. 188 d. 277 a. 26.26 c. 30.20
b. 33.66 d. 27.51
34. A load, Pu = 4155 kN acts along the X-axis at 420 mm
to the right of line 1. What is the resulting bending 42. Shear at point G (kN).
moment (kN-m)? a. 26.26 c. 30.20
a. 556 c. 2934 b. 33.66 d. 27.51
b. 594 d. 2896
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Preboard Exam 1
Structural Engineering and Construction

Situation 13: 52. Determine the required tension steel area for balance
For the frame shown, use Portal Method in condition (mm2).
approximating the following: a. 2201 c. 1963
b. 1473 d. 1651

Situation 16:
A bronze bar is fastened between an aluminum bar
and a steel bar as shown in the figure. Use Est = 200
GPa, Eal = 83 GPa, and Ebr = 70 GPa.

43. Calculate the shear in member 𝐴𝐷.

a. 30 kN c. 48 kN
b. 15 kN d. 24 kN

44. Calculate the axial force in member 𝐹𝐶.

a. 24 kN c. 45 kN 53. Determine the value of P that will not exceed an overall
b. 12 kN d. 36 kN deformation of 3 mm.
a. 180.45 kN c. 172.62 kN
45. Calculate the moment at 𝐶. b. 242.42 kN d. 162.45 kN
a. 30 kN-m c. 60 kN-m
54. Using the value of P from the previous problem,
b. 15 kN-m d. 120 kN-m
determine the normal stress developed in the steel
Situation 14: rod.
a. 484.8 MPa (T) c. 1616.1 MPa (T)
The cable supports a girder which weighs 12.4 kN/m.
b. 1212.1 MPa (C) d. 404.0 MPa (C)

55. Using the value of P from the previous problem,

determine the normal stress developed in the bronze
rod.
a. 484.8 MPa (C) c. 1616.1 MPa (C)
b. 1212.1 MPa (T) d. 404.0 MPa (T)

46. Calculate the tension at point 𝐴. Situation 17:

a. 274 kN c. 162 kN Design a T-beam for a floor system for which bw = 300
b. 157 kN d. 225 kN mm and d = 650 mm. The beams are 4.8 m long and
spaced at 3 m O.C. The slab thickness is 100 mm. MD =
47. Calculate the tension at point 𝐵. 450 kN-m (including its own weight), ML = 550 kN-m.
a. 157 kN c. 225 kN f’c = 28 MPa, fy = 414 MPa.
b. 274 kN d. 162 kN
56. Determine the effective flange width (mm).
48. Calculate the tension at point 𝐶. a. 1900 c. 3000
a. 225 kN c. 157 kN b. 1200 d. 1800
b. 274 kN d. 162 kN
57. Determine the depth of compression block (mm).
49. Determine the length of the cable. a. 91.4 c. 85.3
a. 35.735 m c. 33.537 m b. 101.6 d. 119.5
b. 37.335 m d. 36.796 m
58. Find the required area of tension reinforcements
Situation 15: (mm2).
A rectangular reinforced concrete beam has the a. 6307 c. 8747
following properties: f’c = 20, fy = 420 MPa, b = 250 b. 7523 d. 7005
mm, h = 500 mm, and reinforced with 3-25 mm bars.
Use 65 mm for the effective cover of the reinforcement. 59. Determine the Asmax for tension-controlled section
(mm2).
50. Determine the depth of compression block (mm). a. 6307 c. 8747
a. 125.27 c. 171.21 b. 7523 d. 7005
b. 147.38 d. 145.53
60. A building which has a floor which is less than 70% as
51. Determine the nominal moment capacity (kN-m). stiff as the floor immediately above it, or less than 80%
a. 224 c. 202 as stiff as the average stiffness of the three floors above
b. 196 d. 176 it.
a. soft storey c. bearing wall
b. weak storey d. shear wall
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61. Refers to the lateral displacement of one level relative than 152.4 mm. Use ASD. The yield strength is 345 MPa
to the other level above or below. for the beam and the plate.
a. deflection
b. story drift Properties of W460×52
c. story displacement
d. accidental eccentricity Ag = 6650 mm2 tf = 10.8 mm
d = 450 mm tw = 7.62 mm
62. What will develop if the center of mass and center of bf = 152 mm k = 21.0 mm
rigidity of a structure does not coincide?
a. in-plane offset 67. Determine the length of bearing required to prevent
b. out-of-plane offset web yielding.
c. flexural stress a. 25 mm c. 125 mm
d. torsional shear stress b. 100 mm d. 20 mm

63. The point on a structure through which the applied 68. Determine the length of bearing required to prevent
seismic forces acts web crippling.
a. center of gravity a. 25 mm c. 125 mm
b. center of rigidity b. 100 mm d. 20 mm
c. center of mass
d. center of seismicity 69. Determine the required width of the bearing plate to
prevent crushing of concrete. Assume full area of
Situation 18: concrete support.
Light-grade channel is used as purlin of a truss. Given a. 25 mm c. 125 mm
the following data: b. 100 mm d. 20 mm

Properties of the channel section: Situation 20:

Sx = 4.52 x 104 mm3 To anticipate the dip and hump in the road, the driver
Sy = 0.98 x 104 mm3 of a car applies her brakes to produce a uniform
deceleration. Her speed is 100 km/h at the bottom A of
Simple span = 6 m the dip and 50 km/h at the top C of the hump, which is
Spacing of purlins = 0.90 m with two sag rods @ 2 m 120 m along the road from A. If the passengers
Angle of inclination of truss = 35° experience a total acceleration of 3 m/s2 at A and if the
radius of curvature of the hump at C is 150 m:
Loads
Roof loads (applied at centroid of purlin)
Dead load = 750 Pa (including weight of purlin)
Live load = 1000 Pa
Wind pressure = 1440 Pa
Wind pressure coefficient at windward side = 0.24
Wind pressure coefficient at leeward side = 0.52
70. Calculate the radius of curvature at A.
Assume that all loads pass through the centroid of the a. 432 m c. 333 m
channel section. b. 257 m d. 320 m

64. Find the bending stress, f bx, (MPa) due to dead and live 71. Calculate the acceleration at the inflection point B.
load. a. 3.0 m/s2 c. 2.4 m/s2
a. 128.4 c. 85.4 b. -3.0 m/s2 d. -2.4 m/s2
b. 114.2 d. 138.4
72. Calculate the total acceleration at C.
65. Find the bending stress, f by, (MPa) due to dead and live a. 2.7 m/s2 c. 2.4 m/s2
load. b. 3.0 m/s2 d. 1.3 m/s2
a. 36.9 c. 76.3
b. 103.7 d. 414.8 Situation 21:
The 50 kg bullet travelling at 600 m/s strikes the 4 kg
66. Find the interaction value for 0.75(W + D + L) at the block centrally and is embedded within it. The block
windward side if Fbx = Fby = 207 MPa. slides on a smooth horizontal plane with a velocity of
a. 0.33 c. 0.65 12 m/s in the direction upward to the right making an
b. 2.08 d. 0.95 angle of 30° with the horizontal, prior to impact.

Situation 19:
A W460×52 beam has end reactions of 54 kN and 72
kN. The beam will bear on a reinforced concrete wall
with a compressive strength of 20.7 MPa. In the
direction perpendicular to wall, the bearing plate
maximum length of end bearing may not be longer
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73. Determine the x-component of the velocity of the block

and embedded bullet immediately after impact.
a. 8.58 m/s c. 9.54 m/s
b. 12.00 m/s d. 10.26 m/s

74. Determine the final velocity of the block and bullet

immediately after impact.
a. 13.33 m/s c. 15.86 m/s
b. 16.83 m/s d. 16.39 m/s

75. Determine the direction of the final velocity of the

block and bullet immediately after impact.
a. 30.0° c. 47.9°
b. 52.4° d. 63.7°

Shear and Moment Coefficients for Continuous beams/slabs.

As an alternate to frame analysis, the following approximate
moments and shears shall be permitted to be used in design
of continuous beams and one-way slabs (slabs reinforced to
resist flexural stresses in only one direction), provided:

1. There are two or more spans;

2. Spans are approximately equal, with the larger of two
adjacent spans not greater than the shorter by more than 20
percent;
3. Loads are uniformly distributed;
4. Unfactored live load, LL, does not exceed three times
unfactored dead load, DL.
5. Members are prismatic.

For calculating negative moments, ln is taken as the average

of the adjacent clear span lengths.

Positive Moment:
End spans
Discontinuous end unrestrained ………………….wu ln2/11
Discontinuous end integral with support ..........wu ln2/14
Interior spans .....................................................................wu ln2/16

Negative Moment:
at exterior face of first interior support
Two spans ........................................................................wu ln2/9
More than two spans ...................................................wu ln2/10
at other faces of interior supports .............................wu ln2/11

at face of all supports for: slabs with spans not exceeding 3

meters; and beams where ratio of sum of column stiffness’s
to beam stiffness exceeds eight at each end of the span
.....................................................................................................wu ln2/12

at interior face of exterior support for members built

integrally with supports:
where support is a spandrel beam ........................wu ln2/24
where support is a column .......................................wu ln2/16

Shear:
at face of first interior support ................................1.15wu ln/2
at face of all other supports .............................................. wu ln/2