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Objective Advanced Unit 3 Notes

The document provides notes on grammar structures for expressing wishes, regrets, preferences and timing in English. It covers uses of wish, if only, rather/prefer and it's time. Examples are given for affirmative, negative and question forms of each structure. Common fixed phrases involving verb + the + noun and prepositional phrase + the + noun are also listed and exemplified. The notes conclude with tips for transforming present and past situations when using wish and if only.

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Kelly Lammer
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118 views3 pages

Objective Advanced Unit 3 Notes

The document provides notes on grammar structures for expressing wishes, regrets, preferences and timing in English. It covers uses of wish, if only, rather/prefer and it's time. Examples are given for affirmative, negative and question forms of each structure. Common fixed phrases involving verb + the + noun and prepositional phrase + the + noun are also listed and exemplified. The notes conclude with tips for transforming present and past situations when using wish and if only.

Uploaded by

Kelly Lammer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4º ESO OBJECTIVE ADVANCED UNIT 3 NOTES

IN THE PUBLIC EYE

GRAMMAR: WISHES AND REGRETS


● Subject 1 + wish + subject 2 + past simple
○ Affirmative: Isa wishes she had a dog.
○ Negative: I wish you didn’t ask such personal questions right now.
○ Question: Do you wish history class weren’t so difficult?
■ Yes, I wish history class were easier.
■ TO BE -> WERE (even when the subject is I, she, he or it)
○ Referring to the present moment - something you wish were different in the present.
● Subject + wish + subject 2 + would + infinitive
○ Affirmative: I wish you would be nicer!
○ Negative: I wish you wouldn’t ask such personal questions right now.
○ Referring to the present moment - something you wish were different in the present.
● Subject 1 + wish + subject 2 + past perfect (= had + past participle)
○ Affirmative: Paula wishes she had travelled outside of Spain this past summer.
○ Negative: Rodrigo wishes he hadn’t gone to bed so late last night.
○ Referring to a past moment - something you wish had been different in the past.
● Subject + wish + infinitive
○ I wish to inform you about your inquiry.
○ I wish to see that movie
■ Same as: I want to see that movie
■ Talking about the future (not a regret)
■ I wish I saw that movie = regret
○ When there is only subject (‘I’)
○ Used mostly for formal writing

GRAMMAR: IF ONLY
● If only + subject + past simple
○ If only he were more organized, he would know about the test.
■ TO BE -> WERE (even when the subject is I, she, he or it)
○ Negative: If only he weren’t so disorganized, he would have a cleaner bedroom.
■ Referring to his personality in the present but to a specific situation in the past.
○ Referring to the present moment - something that you wish were different in the present.
● If only + subject + past perfect (= had + past participle)
○ If only he had paid more attention, he would have gotten a better grade on the test.
○ If only I had gone to the Taylor Swift concert when I had the opportunity last year!
○ Negative: If only he hadn’t been on his phone, he would have gone to sleep earlier.
○ Referring to the present moment - something that you wish were different in the present.
● If only + that + past simple
○ If only that were true!
4º ESO OBJECTIVE ADVANCED UNIT 3 NOTES
IN THE PUBLIC EYE

GRAMMAR: I’D RATHER / I’D PREFER


● RATHER + INFINITIVE
○ Affirmative: I'd rather go to the park than to the cinema.
○ Negative: I’d rather not answer that question
○ To talk about a preference in the present.
● PREFER + TO + INFINITIVE
○ Affirmative: I’d prefer to go to the park instead of the cinema.
○ Negative: I’d prefer not to answer that question
○ To talk about a preference in the present.
● PREFER IT + IF + SUBJECT + PAST PERFECT
○ I’d prefer it if she hadn’t made the food so spicy last night.
○ To talk about a preference regarding something that happened in the past.

GRAMMAR: IT’S TIME


● It’s time + subject + past simple
○ It’s time we started the interview
○ It’s time we went back to work
● It’s time + for + object + to + infinitive
○ It’s time for us to start the interview
● It’s time + to + infinitive
○ It’s time to go back to work
■ No subject!

HOPE
● I hope + subject + present simple
○ I hope she finds a better job.
TIPS
● Situations in the present become statements in the past simple when you use I wish or If only
○ People don’t realise what it’s like to be famous -> I wish people realized what it’s like to be
famous
● Situations in the past become statements in the past perfect when you use I wish or If only
○ I should have moved to a smaller town last year -> If only I had moved to a smaller town
last year

FIXED PHRASES: VERB + THE + NOUN


● To face the music: afrontar una situación
● To address the issue: to not avoid the problem
● To fit the description: to be what you expected or thought
● To put the record straight: to tell the truth
● to tell the difference: to differentiate
● to have the best of both worlds: the benefits of two widely differing situations simultaneously
4º ESO OBJECTIVE ADVANCED UNIT 3 NOTES
IN THE PUBLIC EYE

○ She has a house in Cantabria and another in Madrid - she has the best of both worlds (the
city and the countryside).

FIXED PHRASES: PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE + THE + NOUN


● to be in the dark: to know nothing about something
● to be over the hill: to be considered too old
● to be on the spot: to be at a place where an event is happening
● to be in the running: to have a reasonable chance
● to be up to the mark: to be as good as the usual standard
● to be under the weather: to feel ill

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