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Fibre Reinforced Concrete

Fibre reinforced concrete is a composite material consisting of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and discrete fibres. It improves the mechanical properties of concrete such as tensile strength, impact resistance, abrasion resistance and ductility. Common fibre types include steel, glass, carbon, synthetic and natural fibres. Fibres are added to concrete to control cracking and increase durability. Some applications of fibre reinforced concrete include industrial floors, bridge decks, shotcrete and thin shell structures.

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169 views26 pages

Fibre Reinforced Concrete

Fibre reinforced concrete is a composite material consisting of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and discrete fibres. It improves the mechanical properties of concrete such as tensile strength, impact resistance, abrasion resistance and ductility. Common fibre types include steel, glass, carbon, synthetic and natural fibres. Fibres are added to concrete to control cracking and increase durability. Some applications of fibre reinforced concrete include industrial floors, bridge decks, shotcrete and thin shell structures.

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FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE

BY,
ISWARYA LAKSHIMI S
CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF FRC
 COMPONENTS OF FRC
 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRC
 APPLICATIONS
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FRC AND NRC
 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
 CASE STUDY
 REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION

 FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE:


 CONCRETE CONTAINING CEMENT,WATER, AGGREGATE, AND
DISCONTINUOUS UNIFORMLY
 DISPERSED OR DISCRETE FIBRES IS CALLED FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.

 IT IS COMPOSITE OBTAINED BY ADDING A SINGLE TYPE OR A BEND OF FIBRES


TO THE CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE MIX.

 FIBRE CAN BE IN FORM OF STEEL FIBRES, GLASS FIBRES, NATURAL FIBRES,


SYNTHETIC FIBRES, ETC.
WHY FIBRES ARE USED?

 MAIN ROLE OF FIBRE IS TO BRIDGE THE CRACKS THAT DEVELOP IN CONCRETE


AND INCREASE THE DURABILITY OF CONCRETE ELEMENTS.

 THERE IS CONSIDERABLE IMPROVEMENT IN THE POST CRACKING BEHAVIOUR OF


CONCRETE CONTAINING FIBRES DUE TO BOTH PLASTIC SHRINKAGE AND DRYING
SHRINKAGE.

 SOME TYPES OF FIBRE PRODUCE GREATER ABRASION AND SHATTER RESISTANCE IN


CONCRETE.

 THEY ALSO REDUCE PERMEABILITY OF CONCRETE AND THUS REDUCE BLEEDING


OF WATER

 IMPARTS MORE RESISTANCE TO IMPACT LOAD


TYPES OF FRC
 STEEL FIBRES
 GLASS FIBRES
 CARBON FIBRES
 CELLULOSE FIBRES
 SYNTHETIC FIBRES
 POLYPROPYLENE FIBRES
 NYLON FIBRES
 NATURAL FIBRES
 COIR FIBRES
 HAY FIBRES

CCTV HEADQUARTERS,CHINA
(STEEL FIBRE CONCRETE)
STEEL FRC
 ASPECT RATIOS OF 30 TO 250

 DIAMETERS VARY FROM 0.25mm TO 0.75mm

 HIGH STRUCTURAL STRENGTH

 REDUCED CRACK WIDTHS AND CONTROL THE CRACK


WIDTHS TIGHTLY THUS IMPROVING DURABILITY

 IMPROVE IMPACT AND ABRASION RESISTANCE

 USED IN PRECAST AND STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS


HIGHWAY AND AIRPORT PAVEMENTS, REFRACTORY AND
CANAL LININGS, FACTORY FLOORINGS, BRIDGE DECKS ETC
GLASS FRC

 HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH 1020 TO 4080


N/mm

 GENERALLY FIBRES OF LENGTH 25 mm ARE


USED

 IMPROVEMENT IN IMPACT STRENGTH

 INCREASED FLEXURAL STRENGTH DUCTILITY


AND RESISTANCE TO THERMAL SHOCK

 USED IN FORMWORK, SWIMMING POOL,


DUCTS AMD ROOF, SEWER LINING ETC.
CARBON FRC
 IT IS A TYPE OF CONCRETE THAT IS REINFORCED WITH
CARBON FIBRES.

 IT IS A NEW HIGHLY STRESSABLE LIGHT WEIGHT


COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION THAT COMBINES SPECIAL
FINE GRAIN ULTRA HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE AND
CARBON FIBRES.

 CARBON FIBRES ARE MOSTLY USED FOR REPAIR PURPOSE


OF OLD STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS AGAINST SHEAR AND
FLEXURE FAILURE.

 IT IS CORROSION FREE AND EASY TO HANDLE AND


HIGHLY FIRE RESISTANCE.
CELLULOSE FRC

 RELATIVELY LOW-COST AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT MATERIALS


WITH DESIRABLE SHORT-TERM MECHANICAL PROPERTIES CAN
BE CONSTRUCTED USING CELLULOSE FIBERS AS CEMENT
REINFORCEMENT

 THE GROWTH OF CEMENT HYDRATION PRODUCTS WITHIN THE


HOLLOW CELLULOSE FIBERS MAY ALSO LEAD TO EXCESSIVE
FIBER-TO-MATRIX BONDING AND BRITTLE FAILURE AFTER
EXPOSURE TO NATURAL WEATHERING.

 THE CEMENT COMPOSITES INCORPORATED 2 PERCENT MASS


FRACTIONS OF KRAFT PULP.
SYNTHETIC FRC
 SYNTHETIC FIBRES

 MAN MADE FIBRES FROM MAN MADE PETRO CHEMICAL AND TEXTILE
INDUSTRY

 CHEAP, ABUNDANTLY ABAILABLE

 HIGH CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

 HIGH MELTING POINT

 LOW MODULUS OF ELASTICITY

 ITS TYPES ARE ACRALIC, ARAMID, CARBON, NYLON, POLYESTER,


POLYETHYLENE, POLYPROPYLENE, ETC.

 APPLICATION IN CLADDING PANEL AND SHOTCREATE


NATURAL FRC

 OBTAINED AT LOW COST.

 LOW LEVEL OF ENERGY USING


LOCAL MAN POWER AND
TECHNOLOGY.

 JUTE,COIR AND BAMBOO ARE


EXAMPLES.

 THEY MAY UNDERGO ORGANIC


DECAY.

 LOW MODULES OF ELASTICITY,HIGH


IMPACT STRENGTH.
COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS STANDARD AMOUNT
CEMENT CONTENT 325 TO 550 kg/m³
W/C RATIO 0.4 TO 0.6
PERCENTAGE OF SAND TO TOTAL 50 TO 100 %
AGGREGATE

MAXIMUM AGGREGATE SIZE 10mm


AIR CONTENT 2 TO 9 %
FIBRE CONTENT 0.9kg/m³
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRC
 SPLITTING TENSILE STRENGTH:

THE PRESENCE OF 3 PERCENT FIBRE BY VOLUME WAS

REPORTED TO INCREASE THE SPLITTING TENSILE

STRENGTH OF MORTAR ABOUT 2.5 TIMES THAT OF

UNREINFORCED ONE

 TOUGHNESS:

FOR FRC, TOUGHNESS IS ABOUT 10 TO 40 TIMES THAT OF

PLAIN CONCRETE

 FATIGUE STRENGTH:

THE ADDITION OF FIBRES INCREASES FATIGUE STRENGTH

OF ABOUT 90 PERCENT

 IMPACT RESISTANCE:

THE IMPACT STRENGTH FOR FIBROUS CONCRETE IS GENERALLY 5 TO 10 TIMES

THAT OF PLAIN CONCRETE DEPENDING ON THE VOLUME OF FIBRE


 FLEXURE
INCREASE DUCTILITY, TENSILE STRENGTH, MOMENT CAPACITY, AND
STIFFNESS.

 TORSION
ELIMINATE THE SUDDEN FAILURE CHARACTERISTIC OF PLAIN CONCRETE
BEAMS.

 HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE


FIBRES INCREASES THE DUCTILITY OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE. FIBER
ADDITION WILL HELP IN CONTROLLING CRACKS AND DEFLECTIONS

 SHEAR
ADDITION OF FIBRES INCREASES SHEAR CAPACITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS UPTO 100
PERCENT.

 CRACKING AND DEFLECTION


CONTROLS CRACKING AND DEFLECTION
APPLICATIONS
 HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES — DAMS, SPILLWAYS, STILLING BASINS, AND
SLUICEWAYS AS NEW OR REPLACEMENT SLABS OR OVERLAYS TO RESIST
CAVITATION DAMAGE

 AIRPORT AND HIGHWAY PAVING AND OVERLAYS – PARTICULARLY


WHERE A THINNER-THAN-NORMAL SLAB IS DESIRED

 INDUSTRIAL FLOORS — FOR IMPACT RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE TO


THERMAL SHOCK
EXAMPLE OF SYNTHETIC:
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTRE
 REFRACTORY CONCRETE — USING HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT IN BOTH
CASTABLE AND SHOTCRETE APPLICATIONS

 FOUNDATION SLABS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS


 BRIDGE DECKS — AS AN OVERLAY OR TOPPING WHERE THE PRIMARY
STRUCTURAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY AN UNDERLYING REINFORCED
CONCRETE DECK

 IN SHOTCRETE LININGS — FOR UNDERGROUND SUPPORT IN TUNNELS AND


MINES, USUALLY WITH ROCK BOLTS

 IN SHOTCRETE COVERINGS — TO STABILIZE ABOVE GROUND ROCK OR SOIL


SLOPES, E.G., HIGHWAY AND RAILWAY CUTS, AND EMBANKMENTS

 THIN SHELL STRUCTURES — SHOTCRETE “FOAM DOMES”


EXAMPLE OF GLASS FIBRE :
THE BROAD, LOS ANGELS

 EXPLOSION-RESISTANT STRUCTURES — USUALLY IN COMBINATION WITH


REINFORCING BARS

 A POSSIBLE FUTURE USE IN SEISMIC-RESISTANT STRUCTURES


ADVANTAGES
 HIGH MODULUS OF ELASTICITY FOR EFFECTIVE LONG TERM REINFORCEMENT,EVEN IN THE HARDENED CONCRETE.

 DOES NO RUST NOR CORRODE AND REQUIRES NO MINIMUM COVER.

 IDEAL ASPECT RATIO WHICH MAKES THEM EXCELLENT FOR EARLY-AGE PERFORMANCE.

 EASILY PLACED,CAST,SPRAYED AND LESS LABOUR INTENSIVE THAN PLACING REBAR.

 GREATER REFINED TOUGHNESS IN CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE MIXES.

 HIGH FLEXURAL STRENGTH DEPENDING ON ADDITION RATE.

 CAN BE MADE INTO THIN SHEETS OR IRREGULAR SHAPES.

 FRC POSSESSES ENOUGH PLASTICITY TO GO UNDER LARGE DEFORMATION ONCE THE PEAK LOAD HAS BEEN
REACHED.
DISADVANTAGES

 GREATER REDUCTION OF WORKABILITY

 HIGH COAT OF MATERIALS

 GENERALLY FIBRES DO NOT INCREASE THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH


OF CONCRETE.

 CANNOT REPLACE MOMENT RESISTING OR STRUCTURAL STEEL


REINFORCEMENT
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FRC &NRC:
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF FRC
 https://youtu.be/XNLGCNMAr0g

GLASS FIBRE MANUFACTURINGPROCESS

CARBON FIBRE
MANUFACTURINGPROCESS
MANUFACTURING OF STEEL FIBERS

 Their manufacturing is done with special type of arrangements. Steel strips


are forced into small pieces of steel fibers by introducing large energy.

Carbon 0.06/0.12%
Manganese 0.38/0.60%
Phosphorus 0.055/0.065%
Sulphur 0.035%
Nitrogen 0.008/0.12%

 MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SYNTHETIC FIBRE CONCRETE


 https://youtu.be/sURfRFMxBjY
CELLULOSE FIBRE MANUFACTURING
 It is a semi-continuous process comprised of three steps: sheet formation, board formation, and
curing.
 A conveyor belt is soaked in a mixture of fresh fiber cement supplied by a roller from a tank under
continuous agitation.
 Using a vacuum system, a significant portion of the mixing water is removed from the slurry, forming
a very thin sheet (about 1 mm).
 The board formation is made in a large cylinder which receives the sheet from the previous step
and rolls up in successive layers until the required thickness is achieved.
 A guillotine cuts the boards and deposites them on a press to compress and mold the board to
the desired shape.
 Finally, the boards are cured under air or steam conditions -autoclave-.
 The procedures for preparing cellulose cement composites can be divided into two main groups,
depending on the fiber form: *Fibers randomly dispersed in the matrix*Aligned fibers or fibrous
structures.
CASE STUDY
ZAHA HADID’S HEYDAR ALIYEV CULTURAL
CENTRE , CITY OF BAKU, AZERBAIJAN.
 GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE (GFRC) AND
PANELS ARE THE PREDOMINANT MATERIALS USED IN THE
FAÇADE SYSTEM.
 HIGH DURABILITY
 A LONG LIFETIME AND
 LOW MAINTENANCE EFFORTS.
 GOOD ADHESION WITHIN THE MATRIX
 RESISTENT TO CRACK
 DIRT REPLLENT
CASE STUDY
COLOSSIUM ,ROME
 NATURAL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE (NFRC)IS
THE MATERIAL USED TO CONSTRUCT THE
COLOSSIUM
 REDUCES THE AIR VOIDS AND WATER VOIDS
 RESTRICT THE GROWTH OF CRACKS
 GIVES MORE FLEXURAL STRENGTH
 IT IS THE OLDEST FORM OF FRC MADE WITH HORSE
HAIR
 HORSE HAIR IS MIXED WITH THREE PARTS OF
VOLCANIC ASH AND ONE PART OF LIME STONE
 WE COULD GREATLY REDUCE THE CARBON
EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR PRODUCTION
ALSO IMPROVE THEIR DURABILITY AND
MECHANICAL RESISTANCE OVER TIME.
CASE STUDY

PARAMETRIC FACADE OF BROAD MUSEUM, LOS-ANGELES, USA

 THE FACADE IS CONSTRUCTED USING A VARIETY OF MATERIALS:


CONCRETE, STEEL, GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE (GFRC) AND
GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED GYPSUM (GFRG). THE “VEIL” IS ASSEMBLED
FROM ALMOST 2,500 GFRC PANELS, SUPPORTED BY STRUCTURAL STEEL
NETWORK.
 THE FACADE OF BROAD MUSEUM SERVES LIKE A SEMI-TRANSPARENT
MEMBRANE, BRIDGING THE INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR SPACE BY
MATTERS OF LIGHT AND VISUAL CONNECTION.
 THE “WORMHOLE” SERVES AS A SOURCE OF LIGHT FOR AN
AUDITORIUM AND A VISUAL DOMINANT OF THE FRONT ELEVATION.
REFERENCE

 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-reinforced_concrete
 http://smartfiber.co.in/
 http://fiberreinforcedconcrete.org/
 http://www.coreconstructionproducts.com/
 http://mg.planetpresent.ru/
 https://www.ijert.org/
 CASE STUDY
 http://buildipedia.com/
 http://iaac.net/
 http://scholar.google.co.in/

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