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Edspie Learning Disability

This document provides information on various types of learning disabilities: - It outlines 7 main types of learning disabilities: dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, auditory processing disorder, language processing disorder, nonverbal learning disabilities, and visual perceptual/visual motor deficits. - For each disability, it provides a brief definition and lists common signs and symptoms. For example, it notes that dyslexia involves difficulties with reading due to problems connecting speech sounds to letters and words. - The document aims to educate readers on learning disabilities by defining each type and highlighting their characteristic challenges.

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Christine Joy Sison
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60 views31 pages

Edspie Learning Disability

This document provides information on various types of learning disabilities: - It outlines 7 main types of learning disabilities: dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, auditory processing disorder, language processing disorder, nonverbal learning disabilities, and visual perceptual/visual motor deficits. - For each disability, it provides a brief definition and lists common signs and symptoms. For example, it notes that dyslexia involves difficulties with reading due to problems connecting speech sounds to letters and words. - The document aims to educate readers on learning disabilities by defining each type and highlighting their characteristic challenges.

Uploaded by

Christine Joy Sison
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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learning

disabilities
by Group 4
ericka kenneth jenny
earl

MEET OUR
GROUP christian mia sean
WHAT IS LEARNING
DISABILITY?
Learning difficulties are issues that limit a child's
capacity for information processing, analysis, or
storage. They could make it challenging for the
kid to read, write, spell, or do math.
7 main types of learning disabilities
Dyslexia
Dysgraphia
Dyscalculia
Auditory processing disorder
Language processing disorder
Nonverbal learning disabilities
Visual perceptual/visual motor deficit
Dyslexia is a learning disorder that involves
difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech
sounds and learning how they relate to letters and
words (decoding). Also called a reading disability,
dyslexia is a result of individual differences in areas
of the brain that process language.
Signs of dyslexia can be difficult to recognize before your child enters
school, but some early clues may indicate a problem. Once your child reaches
school age, your child's teacher may be the first to notice a problem. Severity
varies, but the condition often becomes apparent as a child starts learning to
read.

Before school School age


Signs that a young child may be at Reading well below the expected level
risk of dyslexia include: for age

Problems processing and understanding
Late talking what is heard
Learning new words slowly Difficulty finding the right word or
forming answers to questions
Problems forming words
Problems remembering the sequence of
correctly, such as reversing
things
sounds in words or confusing
Difficulty seeing (and occasionally
words that sound alike hearing) similarities and differences in
Problems remembering or letters and words
naming letters, numbers and Inability to sound out the pronunciation
colors of an unfamiliar word
Difficulty learning nursery Difficulty spelling
rhymes or playing rhyming Spending an unusually long time
games completing tasks that involve reading
or writing
Avoiding activities that involve reading
Dysgraphia
Dysgraphia is a learning disability that affects writing
abilities. It can manifest itself as difficulties with
spelling, poor handwriting and trouble putting
thoughts on paper. Because writing requires a complex
set of motor and information processing skills, saying a
student has dysgraphia is not sufficient.
According to the National Center for Learning Disabilities (NCLD)5,
symptoms of dysgraphia include:

Trouble forming letters shapes


Tight, awkward, or painful grip on a pencil
Difficulty following a line or staying within margins
Trouble with sentence structure or following rules of grammar
when writing, but not when speaking
Difficulty organizing or articulating thoughts on paper
Pronounced difference between spoken and written understanding
of a topic.

Dysgraphia symptoms typically change over time. Children with


dysgraphia generally have trouble with the mechanics of writing and
exhibit other fine-motor impairments, while dysgraphia in adolescents
and adults manifests as difficulties with grammar, syntax,
comprehension, and generally putting thoughts on paper.
Dyscalculia
Dyscalculia is a term referring to a wide range of
difficulties with maths, including weaknesses in
understanding the meaning of numbers, and
difficulty applying mathematical principles to
solve problems. Dyscalculia is rarely identified
early.
Typical symptoms include:

difficulty counting backwards.


difficulty remembering 'basic' facts.


slow to perform calculations.


weak mental arithmetic skills.


a poor sense of numbers & estimation.


Difficulty in understanding place value.


Addition is often the default operation.


High levels of mathematics anxiety.


Auditory processing
DISORDER
What Is Auditory Processing Disorder?

Auditory processing disorder (APD) is a hearing problem that affects


about 3%–5% of school-aged children.Kids with this condition, also
known as central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), can't
understand what they hear in the same way other kids do. This is because
their ears and brain don't fully coordinate. Something interferes with
the way the brain recognizes and interprets sounds, especially speech.
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Auditory Processing Disorder?

Symptoms of APD can range from mild to severe and can take many
different forms.

difficulty hearing speech in noisy environments.


difficulty maintaining attention.
problems locating the source of a sound.
difficulty following directions.
commonly asking for information to be repeated.
inability to detect subtle changes in tone.

Language Processing Disorder (LPD) is a learning


disability that manifests itself in written and oral
deficits regarding language comprehension. LPD
can lead to issues with transferring information
to the temporal lobe, morphing input into clear
mental images, and understanding input.
Symptoms of Language Processing Disorders

Have a limited vocabulary for their age


Use a lot of filler words like “um,” or use “stuff” and “things” instead of more specific words
Confuse verb tenses
Repeat phrases when telling a story or answering a question
Frequently say sentences that don’t make sense
Have trouble learning new words
Feel like words are constantly stuck “at the tip of their tongue”
Often seem frustrated by their inability to communicate thoughts
Causes of language disorders include:

Medical conditions or disabilities, such as autism, a brain injury, stroke


or tumor. Birth defects such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21), fragile X
syndrome, or cerebral palsy. Problems in pregnancy or birth, such as
poor nutrition, fetal alcohol syndrome, early birth or low birth
weight.
Nonverbal learning
disorder
Nonverbal learning disorder (NVLD) is a learning
disability that causes difficulty with motor, visual-
spatial, and social skills. Children with NVLD are
often well-spoken and can write well, but struggle
with subtle social cues and comprehension of
abstract concepts.
Symptoms

An inability to read non-verbal social cues, such as


expressions and body language.
Difficulty identifying and understanding sarcasm.
Difficulty recognizing emotions in others.
Trouble understanding visual information.
Trouble grasping spatial relationships and judging
distance.
Poor physical coordination.
Visual
perceptual/visual
motor deficits
Visual perceptual/visual motor deficits affect
a child's ability to understand the information
they visually see. This impacts a child's ability
to read and affects their ability to draw or
copy and often leads to a short attention
span.
What are the symptoms of visual perceptual disorder?

Inability to accurately copy down information


Difficulty navigating school grounds or other larger areas
Frequent complaints about eye pain and itchiness (children will
often rub their eyes as well)
Turns head while reading or holds paper at odd angles
Often loses place on the page while reading
Struggles with cutting and pasting
Poor page organization, including poorly-aligned letters, illegible
words, and irregular spacing
Holds pencil too tightly, often resulting in breaking the point
Closes one eye while reading or working
Letter and symbol reversal (sees “b” instead of “d,” or inverts
letters like “u” and sees the letter “n.”
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

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