KOLEKSI UPS DAN PSPM TOPIC 3: CELL DIVISION 

 
PSPM PST 2003/2004 
5. (a) Describe the chromosomes at prophase, anaphase and telophase in meiosis I.  [10 marks] 
Prophase I 
i. The chromosome is initially seen as fine thread/chromatin 
ii. Pairing/synapsis of homologous chromosomes 
iii. Forming bivalents/tetrads// Each chromosomes consists of two chromatids 
iv. The centromeres of homologous chromosomes align in pairs 
v. The chromosomes thickens and shortens 
vi. Crossing over occurs 
vii. Chromatids move apart 
Anaphase I 
viii. The pair of homologous chromosomes splits 
ix. Each chromosome migrates to opposite poles. 
Telophase I 
x. Two group of chromosomes gather at opposite poles 
xi. Chromosomes lengthens and becomes fine 
xii. Each group carries half the number of parental chromosomes 
 
(b) Using a labeled diagram, explain metaphase in mitosis and metaphase in meiosis I.[10 marks] 

 
 
 
Metaphase of meiosis I Metaphase of mitosis 
(Must show bivalents/tetrads) 
 

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Correct position of chromosomes 1+1 
 
Metaphase of mitosis 
i. Chromosomes align in one line on the Metaphase plate  
ii. When attracted to opposite poles, chromatids separate. 
iii. Spindles from opposite poles attach to the same centromere. 
 
Metaphase of meiosis I 
iv. Homologous chromosomes align in pairs at the metaphase plate. 
v. The centromeres are aligned on both sides of metaphase plate 
vi. Spindle from opposite poles attach to one of the centromeres of the homologous 
chromosomes.  
vii. The centromere does not divide 
 
 
UPS PST 2004/2005 
1. a) The diagram A below shows the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. 

   
(i) Give the letters of one pair of homologous chromosomes.  [1 mark] 
A and F // B and D // C 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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(ii) Draw diagrams to show the arrangement of these chromosomes at metaphase I and 
metaphase II of meiosis.   
 
Metaphase I Metaphase II 
 

 
 
- Spindle drawn and chromosomes aligned along equator in both 
- Chromosomes shown as two chromatids in both. 
   
b) If the number of chromatid at the prophase stage of mitosis is 4, how many chromatids/ chromatid 
are there at each of the following stages : [4 marks] 
(i) Meiosis anaphase I : 4 
(ii) Mitosis late telophase : 2 
(iii) Meiosis late telophase II: 1 
(iv) Meiosis metaphase I I:  2 
 
c) State the significance of mitosis in living organisms. [3 marks] 
Genetic stability 
Growth 
Regeneration 
Cell replacement 
Asexual reproduction[Any 3 point] 
 
 

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PSPM PST 2004/2005 
 
1.  a) Describe the interphase stage in the cell cycle [10 marks] 
 
i. The phase after completion of cytokinesis // in preparation for cell division 
ii. The longest phase in the cell cycle 
iii. Divided into three subphases / stages 
 
iv. G​1​ phase 
v. First growth phase 
vi. synthesis of (histone) protein 
vii. Carbohydrate,  
viii. Lipid and  
ix. Ribonucleic acid / mRNA / rRNA / tRNA occurs 
 
x. S phase 
xi. The longest phase 
xii. The stage in which genetics materials / DNA are synthesized 
xiii. DNA replication // chromatin / chromatid / chromosome duplication occurs 
 
xiv. G​2​ phase 
xv. Second growth phase 
xvi. Increase in cell organelles / mitochondria / Golgi bodies / endoplasmic reticulum 
xvii. Formation of microtubules 
xviii. Increase in size of nucleus 
 
 

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b) How does variation occur through meiosis  [10 marks] 
 
i. In Prophase I 
ii. Synapsis / pairing of maternal and paternal chromosomes / homologous chromosomes 
iii. to from tetrads 
iv. Non-sister chromatids crossing over 
v. At the chiasmata 
vi. Occurence of crossing-over 
vii. Resulting in exchange of genetic materials 
 
viii. In Metaphase I 
ix. Tetrads / homologous align randomly at the equatorial plate 
 
x. In Metaphase II 
xi. sister chromatids align randomly at the equatorial plate 
 
xii. In Anaphase II 
xiii. Separation of sister chromatids occur 
xiv. Resulting in gametes carrying combination of maternal and paternal genes // resulting in 
genetic variation 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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UPS PST 2005/2006 
 
1. FIGURE 1 shows several stages of cell division in an organism 

 
 
a) Choose the diagram [A-F] that best match the following description  [5 marks] 
  i.  Metaphase of mitosis : A  
  ii.  Anaphase II of meiosis : C/D 
  iii.  Replication of DNA : B  
  iv.  Anaphase of mitosis  : D/C 
  v.  Arrangement of bivalents at the equator : E 
 
b) List TWO differences in the behavior of chromosomes in mitosis compared to meiosis [2 marks] 
 
Mitosis  Meiosis 
There is no synapsis/pairing between  There is a synapsis/pairing of homologous 
homologous chromosomes  chromosomes. 
There is no formation of chiasmata  Chiasmata may be formed. 
There is no crossing over between  Crossing over may occur between 
chromosomes  chromosomes 
Separation of homologous chromosomes 
Separation of chromatid during anaphase 
during anaphase I 
 
 
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c) The chromosomes number of a chicken is 78 [3 marks] 
i.  How many chromosomes do the chickens inherit from each parent? 
39 
ii.  How many chromosomes are in the chicken’s gamete?  
39 
iii.  How many chromosomes will be in somatic cell of the chicken?  
78 
 
PSPM PST 2005/2006 
 
1. a) Explain the importance of mitosis in unicellular and multicellular organisms [10 marks] 
 
Importance of mitosis : 
i. for unicellular/multicellular organisms 
ii. maintain genetic contents // daughter cells are identical with the mother cell 
iii. no of cell / colony increases 
iv. for unicellular organisms 
v. involved in asexual reproduction 
vi. production of pollen grain / sperm nuclei in angiosperm 
vii. development of embryo sac nuclei in angiosperm 
viii. for growth/elongation/increase in body weight 
ix. for organ development 
x. involved in regeneration / replacement of dead / aged / damaged cell/ tissue/organ 
xi. production of spores in fungi 
xii. formation of rhizome in lycopods/development of protonema 
xiii. forming gametophyte in bryophyte 
xiv. involved in immune system 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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b) With the aid of a labelled diagram, explain the chromosome number reduction from four to two in 
animal cell division  [10 marks] 
 

 
Diagram : two pairs of separated homologous chromosomes, centriole, spindle fibers, shape of cell 
round/oval  (2/0 marks) 
 
Label: homologus chromosome, centriole, spindle fibers, centomere (dependent of diagram)​(1+1 mark) 
 
i. reduction of chromosome number four to two occurs in meiosis 1 
ii. at anaphase 1 
iii. centromere do not divide 
iv. spindle fibers pull centromere starting from the equatorial/metaphase plate of the spindle 
v. homologous chromosome / bivalent/ tetrad separate 
vi. two sister chromatids still attached together 
vii. is being pulled by the centromere to the opposite poles 
viii. produce two chromosome comprising two sister chromatids 
 
UPS PST 2006/2007 
 
1.  FIGURE 1 shows chromosomal behavior during two stages of cell division in an organism 

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a) i. Name the stages P and Q shown in FIGURE 1. [2 marks] 
P : ​Anaphase I 
Q : ​Anaphase II / Anaphase 
 
ii. Describe the differences between stages P and Q. [2marks] 
Anaphase I  Anaphase II 
(a pair) ​homologous chromosomes 
being pulled apart/separate to the  (sister) chromatids​ being pulled apart 
opposite poles//sister chromatids are  / separate to the opposite poles 
not separated 
Centomeres are not separated  Centromeres are separated 
 
b)  List TWO differences between mitosis and meiosis. [2 marks]   
Properties  Mitosis  Meiosis 
Occurs during interphase  Occurs during interphase 
DNA replication 
before mitosis begins  before meiosis I begins 
Twice (meiosis I and 
Number of divisions  Once 
meiosis II) 
Synapsis (of homologous  Does not occur  Occurs during prophase I, 
chromosomes)  (forming tetrads/bivalent) 

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Number of daughter cells  Two  Four 
Number of chromosome 
Diploid / 2n  Haploid / n 
in daughter cell 
Genetic composition  Identical to the parent cell  Not identical to parent cell 
Crossing over  Does not occur  Occur 
Type of cells  Occurs in somatic cells  Occurs in gonad cells 
Cytokinesis  Occurs once  Occurs twice 
Growth, 
Function  replacement/repair  Production of gametes 
tissue/cell 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
c) Give TWO mechanisms on how meiosis can lead to variation. Name the stages in meiosis 
where  they occur. [4 marks] 
 
MECHANISM  STAGE IN MEIOSIS 
Crossing over  Prophase I 
Independent assortment of chromosomes 
/ separation of alleles of one gene into  Metaphase I / Metaphase II. 
the reproductive cells(gametes) 

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independently which the alleles of other 

gene have segregated. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UPS PST 2007/2008 
 
1. FIGURE 1 shows two cells, X and Y, in a flowering plant. The parent cell has 4 chromosomes. Each cell 
shows the position of chromosomes. Each cell shows the position of chromosomes during the process of cell 
division.  

 
a) i.  Name the type of cell division that occurs in cell X and Y  [2 marks] 
Cell X : ​Meiosis/Meiosis I 
Cell Y : ​Mitosis 
 
ii.  Name the stage in cell X and Y that takes place during the cell division  [2 marks] 
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Cell X : ​Anaphase I 
Cell Y : ​Anaphase 
 
b)  What happen to the chromosomes in cell X and Y during the stage in [a] [ii]  [2 marks] 
Homologous chromosomes separate and move to the opposite poles in cell X. 
Sister chromatids separate and move to the opposite poles in cell Y. 
 
c)  How many chromosomes in each daughter cell at the end of the cell division at Cell X and Cell Y  
[2 marks] 
Cell X : ​2 
Cell Y : ​4 
 
d)  Give ONE example for cells X and  [2 marks] 
Cell X : ​anther // ovary / ovule // microsporocyte / megasporocyte​. 
Cell Y : ​root tip // shoot apex // cambium // meristematic tissues 
  (do not accept other somatic plant cells) 
 
UPS PST 2008/2009 
 
1. FIGURE 1 shows two stages in a cell division  

 
a] Identify the stages for cell 1 and cell 2 [2 marks] 
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Cell 1: Metaphase / Metaphase II 
Cell 2: Anaphase / Anaphase II 
 
b] Name the structures labelled A and B.  [2 marks] 
A : Spindle fibre / Microtubule (kinetochore microtubule) / mitotic spindle  
B : Centriole 
 
c]  State the chromsomal behaviour for cell 1 and cell 2 [2 marks] 
Cell 1: chromosome / sister chromatids allign at metaphase plate / equator 
Cell 2: (sister) chromatids separate and move to opposite poles 
 
d]  How many chromosomes in each daughter cell at the end of the cell division for Cell 1 and Cell 2   
[ 2 marks] 
Cell 1: 2 cells 
Cell 2: 3 cells 
 
e]  State TWO importance of mitosis in multicellular organisms . [2 marks] 
- to increase cell numbers in tissues and organ / growth and development 
- to repair worn out / damage cells 
- to facilitate asexual reproduction 
- genetic stability / maintain the chromosome number 
 
PSPM PST 2008/2009 
 
1. a] Discuss the important stages of the somatic cell cycle. [14 marks] 
i. Interphase (the ‘resting phase’) 
ii. G​1 
iii. Cell growth / develop // organelles synthesized // development of cytoplasm / 
increase volume of cytoplasm/increase cell mass 
 
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iv. S (synthesis) 
v. Replication / synthesis of DNA / DNA duplication 
 
vi. G​2  
vii. (further) synthesis of organelles and chromosome start to condense 
 
viii. Mitosis 
ix. Prophase 
x. Chromosome shorten / condense / thicken 
 
xi. Metaphase 
xii. Chromosome arrange on equatorial plate / metaphase plat 
 
xiii. Anaphase  
xiv. The chromosome / sister chromatid separate 
 
xv. Telophase 
xvi. The chromosome distribute reach to the opposite poles of the cells 
xvii. Cytokinesis 
xviii. The cytoplasm separates 
 
 
 
b] Discuss the significance of meiosis [6 marks]   
 
Sexual reproduction 
i. Production of haploid gametes chromosome number is halved 
ii. (gametes with) genetic variation / variability / diversity 
iii. By independent assortment 
iv. And crossing over 
v. After fertilization  
vi. Number of chromosome remain the same 
 
UPS PST 2009/2010 
 

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1.  FIGURE 1 shows the cell cycle.  

 
a] i. Identify phases A, B, and C  [3 marks] 
​A: G​1​ / First growth / first gap 
B: S / Synthesis  
C: G​2​ / Second growth / second gap 
 
ii. State what happens during phase C  [2 marks] 
- Increase in organelles / mitochondria / golgi bodies / endoplasmic reticulum, 
- Energy stores 
- Formation of microtubules 
- Increase in nucleus size 
 
iii. Name the process of the cell cycle that causes the cytoplasm to divide  [1 mark] 
​ cytokinesis 
 
b] Name TWO parts in plant where cells actively dividing by mitosis  [2 marks]   
- root tips 
- shoot apex 
 
c] State TWO importance of mitosis  [2 marks]   
- to repair damage cell / to replace the worn out cell 
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- to produce genetically identical daughter cell with parent cell 
- to maintain chromosome number  
 
PSPM PST 2009/2010 
 
1. FIGURE 1 shows amount of DNA in a cell during cell division  

 
 
a] i. State the type of cell division shown in FIGURE 1 [1mark] 
  mitosis 
 
ii.  Give reason for your answer in [a] [i]  [1 mark] 
    number / content of daughter cells DNA is equal with parent DNA  
 
iii. What is significance of the process?  [1 mark] 
  ​produce identical daughter cells as parent cell 
 
b]  i.  Name the phase that occurs between P and Q.  [1 mark] 
   interphase 
 

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ii.  State the condition of DNA in [b] [i].  [1 mark] 
  replication / synthesis of DNA // DNA / chromatin condensed / thickened 
 
c] Based on the label in FIGURE 1, state the stage where  
i. Chromosomes aligned at the equator plane [1 mark] 
  ​Q 
ii. Chromatin condensed [1 mark] 
  ​P - Q 
iii. Sister chromatids separate  [1 mark] 
  Q – R 
d]  If there are 20 chromosomes in a cell, how many pairs of chromosomes are produced?  
i.  At Q [1 mark]
10 pairs 
 
ii.  In each daughter cell at the end of cell division [1 mark] 
  10 pairs 
 
 
UPS PST SESI 2010/2011 
 
1. FIGURE 1 shows the behavior of chromosomes during one stage in a cell  
 

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a] Name A, B and C    [3 marks] 
A : Centromere 
B : Chiasma / chiasmata 
C : Homologous chromosome / Bivalent / Tetrad 
 
b]  State the type and the stage of cell division in FIGURE 1 [2 marks] 
Type of cell division: ​Meiosis 
Stage of cell division: ​Prophase I 
 
c] Explain what happens to the chromosomes in FIGURE 1 [3 marks] 
- Each replicated chromosome comprises of two sister chromatids pairing up with its 
homologous chromosome 
- crossing over occurs between two non - sister chromatids 
- the segment at the chiasma break off and recombine 
- exchange the genetic materials occurs and this will contribute to genetic variation 
 
d]  Give TWO importance of the process that occurs at structure B  [2 marks] 
- genetic variation 
- genetic recombinant 
 
PSPM PST SESI 2010/2011 
 
1. a] Explain the mechanisms of cytokinesis in animal and plant cells. [12 marks] 
 
Mechanism cytokinesis in animal: 
1. Cleavage occur through furrowing 
2. Where the membrane is pulled inwards by the cytoskeleton 
3. A shallow groove is formed in the cell surface 
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4. Near the metaphase plate 
5. A contractile ring forms on the cytoplasmic side of the furrow 
6. Microfilaments / actin and myosin of the ring contract 
7. Reduce the diameter of the ring 
8. Cells are completely separated / two cells are formed 
 
 
Mechanism cytokinesis in plant: 
1. Plants cells formed vesicles in the cells 
2. The vesicles enlarge and fuse to form cell plate 
3. (cell plate) forms across the midline of the cell equator 
4. Forming two membrane 
5. Which grow laterally / expands outward 
6. And unite with existing membranes 
7. Forming two plant cells 
8. A new cell wall forms between the membranes 
 
b] Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis [8 marks] 
 
Mitosis  Meiosis 
Homologous chromosomes separate and 
Sister chromatid separates  sister chromatids separate // sister 
chromatids separated at anaphase II 
No pairing up of homologous  pairing up of homologous chromosome 
chromosome / no synapsis  / synapsis occur 
No chiasmata / crossing over  Chiasmata / crossing over happens 
Two daughter cells are formed  Four daughter cells are formed 
Chromosome number of daughter  Chromosome number of daughter cells 
cells remain the same  is reduced 

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No genetic variation  Variation due to exchange genetic 

materials / independent assortment 
Involve only one cell division and  Involve two cell division and two 
one cytokinesis  cytokinesis 
Occur in somatic cells  Occur in gametes cells / gonad 
For repair / replacement  Gamete formation / production 
 
UPS PST SESI 2011/2012 
 
1. FIGURE 5 shows mitosis process in plant cell  

 
 
a]  Name the stages of mitosis in FIGURE 5  [1 mark] 
Prophase  
 
b]  If plant cell in FIGURE 5 undergo meiosis process, draw labelled diagram that shows stage of 
anaphase II [3 marks] 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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c]  Name TWO precise locations where mitosis occurs in plants  [2 marks] 
Root tip // shoot tip // vascular cambium // cork cambium 
 
d]  How does cytokinesis in plant cell differ from animal cell  [2 marks] 
Plant cell: (Golgi body produces vesicle to) ​form cell plate 
Animal cell: formation of ​cleavage furrow 
 
e]  A drug used in the treatment of cancer can cause side effect, where it prevents spindle formation 
during mitosis. How does the drug affect the behavior of chromosomes during mitosis? [2 marks]  
Centrosome unable to split 
Sister chromatids / chromosomes will not separate 
 
PSPM PST 2011/2012 
1. a] Compare and contrast between mitosis and meiosis II  [12 marks] 
Comparison 
Mitosis  Meiosis II 
i. DNA replication occurs  No DNA replication 
ii. Chromosomes  ​become  condense  and 
Chromosomes ​already ​condensed 
visible 
iii. Daughter  cells  are  diploid  (2n)  //  Daughter  cells  are  haploid  (n)  //  Daughter 
Daughter  cells  have the same number  cells have the half number of chromosome of 
of chromosome as the parent  the parent 
iv. Occurs in somatic cells  Occurs in reproductive cells/gonad 
v. Daughter  cells  genetically  identical  to  Daughter  cells  are  genetically  different  from 
parent  cell//  Daughter  cell  genetically  parent  cells//  Daughter  cell  genetically 
identical to each other  different from each other 
vi. Two daughter cells are produced  Four daughter cells are produced 
 

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Similarities 
vii.  No chiasmata occurs// No crossing over 
viii. No pairing of homologous chromosomes// No synapsis 
ix.  Individual chromosomes with two sister chromatids line upat spindle equator/ equatorial plate/ 
metaphase plate 
x.  Division of centromere during anaphase 
xi.  Sister chromatids pulled to opposite poles during anaphase 
xii. Cytokinesis occurs at the end of the process 
 
 
b]  Discuss the events that occur in anaphase I and their significance  [8 marks] 
 
i.During anaphase I, the microtubules start to shorten 
ii.Due to contraction of spindle fibers 
iii.The (paired) homologous chromosomes separate 
iv.Causing the chiasmata to break 
v.The sister chromatids are united at their centromere regions// no division of centromere 
vi.And migrate towards opposite poles 
vii.Due to the random orientation of homologous chromosomes on the metaphase plate// due to 
the independent assortment 
viii.Each pole receives recombination/ mixture of a set of parental chromosomes 
ix.Thus, contributes to the genetic variation 

 
UPS PST 2012/2013 
1.  FIGURE 4 shows chromosomal behavior at different stages of cell division.  

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a] State the stages where the chromosomal behaviors are seen at P and Q [2 marks] 
P: Prophase I 
Q: Early prophase/late telophase 
 
b]  Explain briefly how chromosomal behavior differ between between prophase I and prophase   
[2 marks] 
Prophase 1 
- Synapsis of homologous chromosome 
- Chiasma form between 2 non sister chromatid/ between the chromatids of homologous 
chromosome 
- Crossing over occur 
Prophase 
- No synapsis of homologous chromosome 
- No chiasma form 
- No crossing over 
 
c]  Give THREE importance of mitosis  [3 marks] 
- formation of haploid gamete 
- genetic variation/ recombinant 
- maintain the chromosomal number from generation to generation. 
 

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d]  Draw and label a diagram to show stage of anaphase II in animal cell with a diploid chromosome number 
2n= 2. [3 marks]   

 
Correct diagram (2 daughter cells) 
Have centriole  
2 chromosomes in each daughter cell 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PSPM PST 2012/2013 
 
2. FIGURE 3 shows the stages of cell cycle. 

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a] Name the stages labeled P, Q, R and S. [4 marks]  
P: M/mitotic/mitosis phase 
Q: G​1​/ Gap 1 phase 
R: S/ Synthesis phase 
S: G​2​/ Gap 2 phase 
 
b] What happen to the chromosomes and cells during stage P?  [2 marks]
 
Chromosomes 
- Thicken/shorten during ​prophase​// aligned at the metaphase plate during ​metaphase​// 
sister chromatid separate during ​anaphase​// chromosome reach opposite pool during 
telophase​. 
Cells 
- Cell division/ cytokinesis/cytoplasm division 
 
c] In which phase do stages Q, R and S exist?  [1 mark]
Interphase 
 
d] State ​THREE​ processes that occur during stage Q.  [3 marks]
 
- cell increase in size/ volume of cytoplasm increase 

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- double/increase the number of organelles/ (eg:mitochondria/ribosome) 
- increase amount of protein// accumulate materials for DNA synthesis/ replication. 
 
PSPM PDT 2011/2012 
 
8. a] Explain the behavior of chromosomes in mitosis.  [12 marks]
 
i. Mitosis divided into 4 phases Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. 
ii. In Prophase, chromatin fibre tightly coiled/ condense 
iii. Chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids. 
iv. Sister chromatids join at the centromere 
v. The chromosomes aligned at the metaphase plate. 
vi. In Anaphase, sister chromatids separate at the centromeres 
vii. Moving along microtubules toward opposite poles 
viii. In Telophase, chromosomes have arrived at the poles. 
ix. Chromosome decondense/ less condense by partially uncoiled 
x. 2 daughter cells identical to parent cell are formed/produced 
 
b] Describe the keys events in meiosis I. [8 marks] 
i. In Prophase I 
ii. Synapsis / pairing homologous chromosomes to from tetrads 
iii. Non-sister chromatids crossing over at the chiasmata 
iv. Resulting in exchange of genetic materials. 
 
v. Metaphase I 
vi. Tetrads / homologous align at the equatorial plate 
 
vii. Anaphase I 
viii. (a pair) homologous chromosomes being pulled apart/separate to the opposite 
poles//sister chromatids are not separated 
 
ix. Telophase I 
x. The homologous chromosome distribute reach to the opposite poles of the cells 
 
PSPM PDT 2012/2013 
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8. a] Explain the process that occurs in Prophase I stage of meiosis. [12 marks] 
 
i. Leptotene  
ii. Chromosome/ chromatin shorten/ condense/ coiled// spindle start to form 
 
iii. Zygotene 
iv. Homologous chromosome paired up/ synapsis 
v. Each pair is called a bivalent (refer to 2 chromosomes)/ tetrad (4 chromatids) 
vi. Centromere are at the same positions 
vii. The same number of genes arranged in the same order 
 
viii. Pachytene 
ix. Synapsis completed and crossing over occurs 
x. The homologous chromosomes are seen to be joined at several points along their length// 
chromatids remain at chiasmata 
xi. Each chiasmata is the site of a genetic exchange between chromatids 
 
xii. Diplotene 
xiii. Chromatids continue to move apart as they shorten and thicken 
 
xiv. Diakinesis 
xv. Homologous chromosomes completely recondense / shortening and thickening 
xvi. Nuclear envelope breaks down 
 
b] Differentiate between Meiosis I and Meiosis II. [8 marks] 
 
Meiosis I  Meiosis II 
Initially the content of genetic materials in 4n  Initially the content of genetic materials is 2n 
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Involve separation of paired homologous  Involve separation of sister chromatids 

chromosomes 
Pairs of homologous chromosomes lined at 
Sister chromatids lined at metaphase plate 
both side of metaphase plate 
Centromere did not split  Centromere splits in anaphase II 
Produce 2 haploid daughter cells  Produce 4 haploid daughter cells 
 
 
PSPM PST 2013/2014 
2.  FIGURE 3 shows various stages of cell divisions.  
 

 
 
a. Name process A, B and C. [2marks] 
A: Meiosis I 
B: Meiosis II 
C: Mitosis 
 
b. Where do process A and C occur? [2marks] 
A: Gonad/testis/ ovary/germ cells 
C: any somatic cells 
 
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c. Based on FIGURE 3, determine the stage where cytokinesis occur. [1mark] 
A3/ B2/C2 
 
d. What is the importance of cytokinesis? [2marks] 
Completion of cell division // production of two daughter/ new cells. 
 
e. How do cytokinesis in animal differ from plant cells?  [1mark]
Animal cells -formation of cleavage furrow 
Plant cells – formation of cell plate 
 
f. Based on FIGURE 3, determine at which stage would chiasmata occurs? Justify the importance of 
this phenomenon?  [2marks] 
A1. Exchange of genetic material// genetic recombinant// genetic variation
 
UPS PST 2013/2014 
 
3. FIGURE 8 shows a stage in cell division. 
   

 
(a) Identify structured labeled J, L and M [3marks] 
J: Non-sister chromatids/ chomatids 
L : Centromere/ chromosome 
M: Bivalent/tetrad/Homologous chromosome 
 
(b) How many tetrads produced in FIGURE 8?  [1mark] 
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 KOLEKSI UPS DAN PSPM TOPIC 3: CELL DIVISION 
 
2 
 
(c) Draw the next stage of cell division after the stage shown in FIGURE 8? [3 marks] 
 

 
 
- Centromere of each chromosome attaches to spindle fibre ( 1 mark) 
- Homologous chromosome align at metaphase plate ( 1 mark) 
- Show different size of chromosome ( 1 mark) 
 
a) Name the process that takes place at K. Give ONE significance of this process. [3marks]  
-​Crossing over 
- Genetic variation 
 
b) What is the type of cell produced from this cell division? [1marks]  
Gamete cell 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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PSPM PDT 2013/2014 
 
​3. FIGURE 3 shows three different stages of mitosis in cells. 
 

 
 
FIGURE 3 
(a) Name the structures labeled ​A, B, C and D
  ​[4 marks] 
A: Centriole 
B: Daughter chromosome// chromatid 
C: Nuclear envelope/ membrane 
D: Chromatin/ chromosome 
 
(b)  What are the stages shown by ​I, II and III?  [3 marks] 
I : Metaphase 
II : Anaphase 
III : Telophase // Telophase and cytokinesis 
 
(c) Briefly describe the events that happen in​ I.  [2 marks]
The chromosome line up at the metaphase plate 
The centromere of each chromosome is attached to a single fibre. 
 

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(d)  The cell shown in ​FIGURE 3​ is an animal cell. Give a reason.  [1 mark]   
Presence of centriole/ cleavage furrow 
 
 
PSPM PDT 2013/2014 
 
7.  (a) Explain the main events during G​1​, S and G​2​ phases of the cell cycle. [ 8 marks] 
  ​G​1 (no
​ mark) 
i. Intensive cellular synthesis//provide necessary growth factor, nutrients and enzymes to 
synthesis DNA// cell produces structural and function proteins/ synthesis protein. 
ii. Cell grows//size of cells increase 
iii. Duplication/doubling of organelle// Nucleolus produces rRNA/mRNA/ tRNA 
iv. Substances (Cdks) are produced to inhibit or stimulate onset of next stage. 
 
S (no mark) 
v. DNA replication/ synthesis phase//Each chromosome has become two chromatids 
vi. Histone synthesized/coiled each DNA strand 
vii. Cell growth continues  
 
G​2​ (no mark) 
viii. Cell grows more//further growth of cells 
ix. Checking of replication error/proof reading of the DNA strands 
x. Ensures necessary requirements prior to entering M-phase// Energy store increases// 
Completes preparation for cell divisions. 
xi.  
#Explanation dependent on phase 
 
(b) Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.  [12 marks]
   

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  Mitosis  Meiosis 
i. Occurs in somatic cells/vegetative cells  Occurs in germ cells of (reproduction 
organ)/gonad cells 
ii. A single division of the chromosome/one  Two divisions of the chromosome/meiosis 
cycle/cell divides once/ cytokinesis occurs  I ​and​ meiosis II/ two cycle/ cell divides 
once  twice/ cytokinesis occurs twice. 
iii. No homologous chromosome pairing  Homologous chromosome pairing 
iv. No synapsis/no tetrad/bivalent formation  synapsis/ tetrad/bivalent formation 
v. Separation of chromatids occurs in  Separation of chromatids occurs in 
anaphase  anaphase II 
vi. The number of chromosome remains the  The number of chromosome is half/halved 
same 
vii. No chiasmata/chiasma formation/crossing  Chiasmata/chiasma may be formed/ 
over  crossing over occurs( to form bivalents in 
prophase I) 
viii. Daughter cells are ​genetically ​identical to  Daughter cells are ​genetically ​different 
parent cells/ no variation  from parent cells/ variation occurs 
ix. Two daughter cells are formed  Four daughter cells are formed 
x. Each daughter cells is diploid (2n)  Each daughter cell is haploid (n) 
xi. Enables multicellular adult to arise from  Produces gametes//produces ovum ​and 
zygote// produce cells for growth/ repair/  sperm/ offspring 
some species asexual reproduction 
xii. No independent assortment of  Involved independent assortment of 
chromosomes  chromosomes 
 
 
 
 
UPS PST 2014/2015 
 
4. Figure 4 shows the chromosomal behavior at different stages of cell division 

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(a) i. Identify the stages of cell division for both A and B.  [2 marks] 
A : ​Metaphase (of mitosis) / Metaphase II (of meiosis) 
B : ​Anaphase II ​/ Anaphase 
 
ii. Describe briefly the chromosomal behavior for A  [1 mark] 
  Chromosomes align / ​line up / arrange​ at the metaphase plate // middle of the cell  

 
iii. How many chromosomes that each daughter cell of B cell has when cell division completed? [1 mark] 
2 
 
iv. Name the organelle found in these cells that does not exist in plant cell division? [1 mark] 
Centriole 
 
(b) Give TWO importance of mitosis. [2 marks] 
Asexual // vegetative reproduction 
Regeneration 
Growth ​/ development  
Cell replacement ​/ tissue repair 
Genetic stability // maintain the number of chromosome from generation to generation / ​produce 
genetically identical daughter cell as the parent cell 
 

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(c) How cytokinesis in plant differs from animal cell? [1 mark] 
Cytokinesis in plant cell begins with the formation of a ​cell plate​ whereas in animal cell is by the 
formation of ​cleavage furrow 
 
(d) Exposure to the specific chemical can cause abnormalities during cell division. Predict the ploidy level 
number of daughter cell if: 
i. Spindle fibers fail to form during meiosis II [1 mark] 
2n / diploid / 2 sets of chromosomes 
 
ii. Cytokinesis fail to occur during mitosis in normal somatic cell [1 mark] 
4n ​/ tetraploid / 4 sets of chromosomes 
 
PSPM PST​ ​2014/2015 
  
6. (a) Mitotic cell division which occurs in all eukaryotic cells occupies the shortest period of the cell  
cycle. Describe the events of all phases in mitotic cell division. [12 marks] 
 
i. Prophase 
ii. Nuclear envelop disintegrate // nucleolus disintegrate 
iii. Chromosome /chromatin shorten ​and​ thicken// condense ( and become visible) 
iv. Two sister chromatids are joined/attached at the centromere 
v. Spindle fibres/ microtubules begin to form// aster begin to form. 
vi. Metaphase 
vii. Chromosome arranged themselves on the equatorial/ metaphase plate 
viii. Kinetochore forms at the centromere 
ix. Microtubules/spindles fibres attach to kinetochore/centromere 
x. Anaphase 
xi. Microtubules/spindles fibres begin to contract/shorten 
xii. Centromere split 

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xiii. Two sister chromatids begin to separate/part 
xiv. Chromatids begin to move to opposite poles 
xv. Telophase 
xvi. Chromosome/ chromatids arrive at the opposite poles of the cell 
xvii. Nuclear envelop reappear// nucleolus reappear 
xviii. Microtubules/ spindle fibres depolymerized/disappear/ disintegrate 
xix. Chromosome become less dense/uncondensed 
( explanation depends on correct phases) 
 
(b) Compare mitotic cell division in plant and animal cells. [8 marks] 
 
Similarity 
i. Involve four phases 
ii. Both occur I somatic cells 
iii. Produce ​identical/ similar two​ daughter cells 
 
Differences 
 
Cell division in plant cell  Cell division in animal cell   
i. Formation of cell plate  Formation of cleavage furrow  2/0 
ii. During telophase, cell  During telophase, contractile  2/0 
plate is formed from  ring is formed from 
vesicles  microtubules/ actin filaments 
iii. Only occurs in  2/0 
Occur in all cells 
meristematic cells 
iv. Absence of aster  Presence of aster  2/0 
 
PSPM PDT 2014/2015 
7 (a) Mitosis involved FOUR stages of chromosome division; prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. 
Explain the behavior of chromosomes in each stage of mitosis. [12 marks] 
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i. In prophase, chromatin fibre tightly coiled/ condense 
ii. Chromosome become visible under microscope 
iii. Chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids. 
iv. Joined at the centromere 
v. In metaphase, the chromosomes aligned at the metaphase plate. 
vi. In anaphase, sister chromatids separate at the centromeres 
vii. Chromosome moving along microtubules toward opposite poles 
viii. In telophase, chromosomes have arrived at the opposite poles. 
ix. Chromosome decondense/ less condense by partially uncoiled 
x. 2 daughter nuclei form at the end of mitosis. 
xi. Followed by cytokinesis,  
xii. 2 daughter cells identical to parent cell are formed/produced 
 
(b) Define cytokinesis. Explain cytokinesis in plant and animal cells. [8 marks] 
i. Cytokinesis refers to division of cytoplasm  
ii. To produce 2 daughter cells 
iii. Phase after telophase 
iv. In animal, cytokinesis occurs by cleavage furrow 
v. While in plant, cytokinesis occurs by formation cell plate 
 
Mechanism cytokinesis in animal: 
i. Cleavage occur through furrowing 
ii. Where the membrane is pulled inwards by the cytoskeleton 
iii. A shallow groove is formed in the cell surface 
iv. Near the metaphase plate 
v. A contractile ring forms on the cytoplasmic side of the furrow 
vi. Microfilaments / actin and myosin of the ring contract 
vii. Reduce the diameter of the ring 
viii. Cells are completely separated / two cells are formed 
 
Mechanism cytokinesis in plant: 
i. Plants cells formed vesicles in the cells 
ii. The vesicles enlarge and fuse to form cell plate 
iii. (cell plate) forms across the midline of the cell equator 
iv. Forming two membrane 
v. Which grow laterally / expands outward 
vi. And unite with existing membranes 
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vii. Forming two plant cells 
viii. A new cell wall forms between the membranes 
 

PSPM PST 2015/2016 

(a) Describe the behavior of chromosome during mitosis. [8marks] 
During early prophase, chromatin begin to coil becoming shorter and thicker// chromosome 
condense. 
Chromosome become visible 
Each chromosome consists a pair of sister chromatids which are joined at the centromere. 
The chromosome centromere is attached to the spindle fibers. 
 
At the end of prophase, chromosomes move towards the equator of the cell. 
At metaphase, chromosomes lined up at the equator/ equatorial plate/ metaphase plate. 
At anaphase, the sister chromatids separate ​and​ move to the opposite poles of cell. 
At telophase, the two group of chromosome, / separated sister chromatids reached opposite poles. 
At the end of telophase, the chromosomes decondense/ uncoil/ lengthen and form a mass of 
chromatin again. 
Each pole consists of a complete set of chromosome enveloped in a new nucleus. 
 
(b) Explain the differences between mitosis and meiosis. [12 marks] 
MITOSIS  MEIOSIS 
Occur in germ/ oogonium and spermatogium. 
Megaspore mother cell and microspore mother 
Occurs in somatic cells. 
cell/megasporocytes and microsporocyte/ 
germinal epithelial cell. 
Consists of single division//single nucleus  Consists of two successive divisions//two 
divide// cytokinesis occur once.  nucleus divide// cytokinesis occur twice. 
Pairing of homologous chromosome/synapsis  Pairing of homologous chromosome/synapsis 
does not occur.  occur at prophase I. 
Do not form bivalent/ tetrads during prophase I.  Form bivalent/ tetrads during prophase I. 
Separation of sister chromatids occur at 
Separation of sister chromatids occur at 
anaphase II/ Separation of homologous 
anaphase. 
chromosomes ​and​ sister chromatids. 
Homologous chromosomes/ bivalent aligned at 
Chromosomes/ sister chromatids aligned at  metaphase plate during metaphase I ​and​ sister 
metaphase plate during metaphase.  chromatids aligned at metaphase plate during 
metaphase II. 

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Crossing over/ chiasmata do not occur.  Crossing over/ chiasmata occurs during 
prophase I. 
Produce two diploid(2n) daughter cell// number  Produce four haploid(n) daughter cell// number 
of chromosome same as parent cell.  of chromosome half number parent cell. 
Daughter cell may different to parent due to 
Daughter cell are identical to parent// daughter 
crossing over// daughter cell are genetically 
cell are genetically identical. 
varied. 
 
 

PSPM PDT 2015/2016 

2. a) Figure 2A shows the structure of chromosome during late prophase of 
mitosis. 
 

 
 
i. Name the parts label P and Q. [2 marks] 
P: (Sister) chromatid 
Q: Centromere. 
 
ii. Interphase  consists  of  two  growth  phases, G​1 and G​2​, separated by S phase. State ONE process other 
than cell growth that occurs during G​2​. [ 1 mark] 
Mitochondrial  division/  energy  storage  increase/  ATP  production/  respiration/  duplication  of 
centrioles/ spindle fiber formation/ protein synthesis/ synthesis of organelles. 
 
iii. Describe cytokinesis in plant cell. [3 marks] 
Vesicle produced by Golgi apparatus 
Accumulate at equator 
Vesicle contains carbohydrate/ cellulose/ hemicellulose. 
Vesicle fuse to form cell plate then become cell wall. 
Occur from center to outward. 
 
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b) Figure 2B shows meiosis I in an animal cell. 
 

 
 
i. State the diploid (2n) chromosome number in this cell. [1 mark] 
Eight/8 
 
ii. State the phase of meiosis in FIGURE 2B [ 1mark] 
Metaphase I 
 
iii. Explain your answer in 2b(ii). [2 marks] 
Chromosomes arranged/aligned at the equator/metaphase plate/middle of cell. 
Homologous chromosomes in pairs line up together at equator. 
Sister chromatids/ spindle fiber/ microtubule attached at the centromere. 
Tetrads/ homologous chromosomes/ sister chromatids held together at chiasmata. 
 
7. Mitosis is a process in which chromosomes are replicated and divided to obtain two new cells which are 
identical to the parent cell. It occurs in both plants and animals. 
(a) Describe all stages of mitotic division in an animal cell. 
[12 marks] 
i. Mitosis is subdivided into four phases prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. 
ii. During  prophase,  chromosome  are  condensed  seen  as  fine  thread  and  become  tightly 
coiled// chromosome become shorter and thicker. 
iii. Each chromosome consists of two sisters chromatid chromosome. 
iv. Centrioles move to the opposite pole of the cell. 
v. Spindle fibre begins to form. 
vi. Nucleolus disappears// nuclear membrane disintegrates. 
vii. During metaphase, chromosomes align/line up at metaphase/ equatorial plate / mid plane. 
viii. Sister chromatids/ chromosome still attached to the centromere. 
ix. Spindle fiber attached at the centromere. 
x. During anaphase, centromere split/ divides. 
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xi. Sister chromatids/ chromosome separate at the centromere. 
xii. Chromatid moved/ pulled to the opposite pole by the shortening spindle fibers. 
xiii. During telophase, two sets of chromosome reach the opposite pole. 
xiv. Chromosome uncoiled/ decondensed and reverts/ returns to chromatin state. 
xv. Spindle fiber disappears.  
xvi. Nucleolus/ nuclear membrane reform. 
xvii. Cytokinesis starts with the formation of cleavage furrow. 
 
(b) Differentiate mitotic division in plant and animal cell. [8 marks] 
i. In  animal  cell,  the  formation  of  spindle  fibres  is  between  two  pair  of  centrioles  where  as  in 
plant cells, in the formation of spindle fibres is the absence of centrioles. 

ii. Aster formation occurs in animal cell where as aster formation is absent in plant cell. 

iii. Cytokinesis  in  animal  cells  involves  furrowing  and  cleavage  of  cytoplasm  where  as in plant 
cells it involve formation of cell plate. 

iv. In  animal  cell  it occurs in all cells/ tissue throughout the body where as in plant cells it occurs 

in meristematic tissues/ root tips/ shoot apex. 

v. In  animal  cells  cytokinesis  is  begin  from  the  outer  inwards  while  in  plant  cells  cytokinesis 
begin from the centre outwards. 

PSPM PDT 1 SESI 2016/2017 

 

 
a) i) Name the type of cell division. [1 mark]   
Meiosis   

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ii) State the reason for your answer in a (i)  [2 marks]  
Pairing of homologous chromosomes//synapsis occurs   
The tetrad/bivalent (sister chromatids) are formed Crossing over occurs// chiasmata formed 
Homologous chromosomes/ tetrad/ bivalent separate and move to opposite pole 
 
b) Name the important even that occur during stage X.  [1 mark] 
Synapsis// crossing​ over   
c) Draw the chromosomal behavior during stage Y in the space provided in Figure 2.  [1 mark] 

 
Location of homologous chromosomes at metaphase plate 
d) Differentiate the chromosomal behavior between stage Z shown in Figure 2 and mitotic anaphase.  
[2marks]   
Stage Z Anaphase mitosis Homologous chromosomes separate Sister chromatids separate 
Chromosome consists of 2 chromatids/ sister chromatid move to opposite pole Chromatid/ daughter 
chromosome move to the opposite pole No separation of centromere Centromere separate   
e)  State Three importance of cell division in Figure 2. [3 marks]  
To produce haploid gamete for sexual reproduction Maintain diploid number of chromosomes (from 
one generation to the next generation) Increase genetic variability/ variation// genetic recombination   
7. a)  Describe 4 similarities and 6 differences between mitosis and meiosis I. [10 marks]   
Similarities.  
Both involve nuclear division// karyokinesis 
Both produce two daughter cells 
Both start with diploid cell 
Both ended with cytokinesis 
Both undergo interphase   
 

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b) Explain the subphase of interphase in cell cycle. [10 marks] 
  ​G1/ first growth phase 
Cell grow 
Volume of cytoplasm increase  
Protein synthesis v. Increase the number of organelles// organelles synthesis 
Build up the energy   
  S phase viii. The cell’s DNA replicate ix. Chromosome duplicate 
  Synthesis of histone protein   
G2/ second growth phase  
Cell continues to grow 
Cell continues produce protein 
Formation of microtubule  
Energy stores are increase  
Centriole replicate/ duplicate   
 
PSPM PST 2017/2018 
1. (a) Figure 1.1 show a cell cycle and one of the stages in mitosis B. 

 
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 KOLEKSI UPS DAN PSPM TOPIC 3: CELL DIVISION 
 
i. Name the mitotic stage shown in B. Shade the area on the cell cycle the stage represented by  
B in figure 1. 
- Anaphase 

- [ 2 marks] 
ii. State the chromosomal behaviour shown in B [ 1mark] 
- Sister chromatids separate/ move to opposite poles​. 
iii. Give one important event that occurs during S phase in the cell cycle. [1 mark] 
- DNA / chromosome replication/synthesis/duplication 
iv. A cat has 38 chromosomes in its somatic cell. How many chromosomes are inherited from the female 
parents? Explain your answer. [ 2marks] 
- 19 
- Meiosis reduce the chromosome number in gametes by half from parental cell// to 
ensure that zygote produced by the fusion of games contain the same number of 
chromosome as parental cell. 
(c) Figure1.2 shows various stages A - F in meiosis. 
 

 
Figure1.2 
(I) Arrange the stage of meiosis A-F shown in Figure 1.2 according to the correct sequence .[1 mark] 
- C,E,D,B,F,A 
 

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(II) What of the stage in Figure 1.2 represents anaphase I? Give your reason. [ 2 marks] 
- E 
- Homozygous chromosome separate / move to opposite poles 
(III) What happen to the number of chromosome at the end of the meiosis? [ 1mark] 
- Haploid/n//number of chromosome is being halved/ n=2  
 
PSPM DB015 2017/2018 
2. Figure 2 shows a diploid cell which consist of eight chromosome undergoes cell division. 
 
 

 
 
 
(a) (i) identify the process and stage of cell division in figure 2. [2M] 
Process : Meiosis II 
Stage : Metaphase II 

(ii) Give reason for your answer in 2(a)(I) [ 1M] 

​Only four chromosomes / sister chromatids aligned along the metaphase plate.

(ii) Name the structure Y and Z. [2M] 

Y : Centriole / centrosome
Z : Spindle fiber / non – kinetochore microtubule
 
(iii) State what happens if structure Z is absent. [1M] 
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​ ister chromatid / chromosome not able to be pulled to each pole //
S
No separation of sister chromatid / chromosome //
Sister chromatid / chromosome cannot aligned at metaphase plate.
 
 
(b) Give two importance of cell division in figure 2. [2M] 
​To create genetic variation
To halved the chromosome number // To produce gametes
 
(c) State the result of cell division if a nun-disjunction of chromosome labelled X occurs.  [2M] 
​One cell without chromosome X and one cell with two chromosomes X​. (2/0) 
7. (a) Describe the interphase stage of the cell cycle in eukaryote. [10M] 
i. ​ 1 phase / First growth 
G
ii. Volume of cytoplasm increase.  
iii. Protein synthesis occurs. 
iv. Increase the number of organelles 
v. An important cell cycle control mechanism activated to ensure that everything is ready for 
DNA synthesis 
 
vi. S phase / Synthesis   
vii. vii. The cell’s DNA replicate / synthesis.   
 
viii. G2 phase/ Second growth 
ix. ix. Cell continues to grow. 
x. x. Formation/synthesis of microtubules 
xi. xi. Protein synthesis continues to increase. 
xii. xii. Energy stored are increased. 
xiii. xiii. Centrosome/ centriole replicate 
 
(b) Describe three events that are unique in meiosis I. [10M] 
i. ​Synapsis and crossing over. 
   
Occur during prophase I. 
iv. (Synapsis is process where) pairing of homologous chromosomes.  
v. iv. Crossing over is exchange of genetic materials between non-sister chromatids.   
 
vi. Homologous chromosomes line up on metaphase plate​.  
vii. Occurs during metaphase I.  
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Independent assortment of chromosomes. 
viii. As pairs of homologs instead of individual chromosomes remain attached to one 
another at chiasmata.   
ix.  Separation of homologous chromosomes. 
ix. Occrs during anaphase I. 
x. Each homologous (chromosomes) pair move towards opposite poles.  
xi. The sister chromatids of each replicated chromosomes remain attached.   
 
PSPM S2S 2018/2019
1. (a) Figure 3.1 shows a cell cycle

(i) Name phase P. [1M]

Interphase
(ii) Describe the events that occur in phase Q. [ 2 M]
Cell growth/cell increase in size/ cytoplasmic volume increases
Cell produce macromolecule /protein/lipid/carbohydrate/enzyme
Increase in number of organelle/ synthesis of organelles (such as mitochondria and
endoplasmic reticulum)

(iii) Explain the importance of phase R. [ 3 M]

To allow/maintain the same number of chromosome in daughter cells/ (as the parent cell
after cell division/mitosis)
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DNA/ chromosome is replicated/duplicated//histone protein is synthesizing to allow DNA

synthesis to occur
To double the genome/increase the amount of DNA/chromosome.

(b) Figure 3.2 shows the type of cells L and M.

(i) Name the events of cell division that occurs in both type of cells in Figure 3.2. [1M]

cytokinesis

(ii) Differentiate process 3(b)(I) between cell L and M? [2M]

Cell L form the cell plate while cell M forms cleavage furrow
Cell plate is formed by vesicle while cleavage furrow is formed by microfilament/actin
Cell plate enlarge and fuses to plasma membrane while cleavage furrow deepens and pinched off.

 PSPM DB014 2018/2019 

 
2. FIGURE 2 shows a mitotic division that occurs in animal cell (2n = 4).

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 KOLEKSI UPS DAN PSPM TOPIC 3: CELL DIVISION 
 

a) Identify the phase in FIGURE 2. State one (1) event that occur during this phase. [2 marks]

Telophase – 1 mark

The spindle disappears

The nuclear envelope/ nucleolus reforms
Chromosomes reach at the opposite poles
Chromatids/ Chromosomes begin to uncoil/less condensed/decondensed
Formation of cleavage furrow// Constriction of contractile ring

b) Draw and label chromosomal behavior before the phase shown in FIGURE 2.

[3 marks]

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