Water Resource

Enginering (MSBTE-5
Sem-Cvil) 2-27 Crop Water Requirement and Reservoir Planning
ree BoardHFL or
TDLTBL The DSL is flixed as the highest ofthe following:
MWL
FRL (a) R.L. corresponding to silt capacityRate of
Live storage silting (m) km/year x C.A. (km)x life (years)
DSL
TrTrTr TTTTTTTrTT
(b) R.L. corresponding to 10% of gross storage or
Outlet
crop water requirement approximately.
(C) R.L of canal bed +full supply depth at the head
rrTTT
Fig. 2.6.1: Storage Zones of canal.

(4) Dead storage level (DSL) (2) Fixing F.R.L., H.F.L, and T.D.L.
The annual demand of water is calculated from
This is the storage of water in proposed irrigable area, crop pattern and duty, transit
reservoir
lowest supply sluice. This is the lowest below the losses and dead storage. Then available yield is
level of water
surface (LWL) in the reservoir. This calculated. The lesser of the demand and supply is
used and hence it is called DSL. Instorage cannot be adopted as value of gross storage. The FR.L. is fixed at
water
dead storage 1s kept equal to or more than theplanning, gross storage level.
volume (a) F.R.L. =Gross storage level
of silt. The U/s silt of outlet is kept 50 to
100 cm below =Dead storage
DSL. +Liv
storage
(b) F.R.L+ Flood (H)
H.FL Lift
(5) Live storage (c) T.D.L = H.F.L. + Free board

It is the storage of water between DSL and FRL

Types 5: Numericals on Flxing
Live Storage Crop water requirements+ Reservoir
=

losses due to evaporation, seepage etc. Control Levels of Reservoir / Dam

(6) Gross storage Ex.2.6.1

Fix DSL of reservoir having C. A =450 km. Expected
The total storage of reservoir upto FRL is known as silting rate = 220 m/ km/ year and life of reservoir is 75
gross storage. years. The crop water storing requirement is 80 Mm.
Gross storage = Dead storage + Live Storage Length of canal is 5.5 km with a bed slope 1 in 1000. The
bed level of the tail end is 206 m and FSD of canal is 40 cm.
(7) Free Board
refer following table.
The vertical distance between HFL and top of dam is
known as free board. Contour (R.L.) 212 214 216
Capacity(mm) 742 9.211.7
2.6.4 Fixing Control Levels Soln.:
Given
(1) Fixing D.S.L.
CA. =450 km, silting rate = 220 m/km/year
This is decided from the expected quantity of incoming
Life= 75 years, crop water requirement
silt, rate of silting varies from 200 to 500 mkm of
=80Mm
C.A. per year of life of reservoir. The life ofreservoir is Canal length = 5.5 km = 5500 m
equal to number of years required to fill up the
bedslope 1:1000
DSL. For small tanks it is 60 years and
Teservoir upto Bed level of canal at tail end = 206 m
for large tanks it is usually taken as 100 years.
FSD of canal =40 cm = 0.4 m

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Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5h Sem.-Civil) 2-28 lanning
Dead storage level maximum of 212 m, 211.9
(1) Expected quantity of silt in life of reservoir
and 212.65 m
CA X silting rate x life of reservoir DSL = 212.65m

(7.425 x 10) m UEx.2.6.2W-16.6 Marks

(7-425 x10Mm'-7.42 Mm The capacity-elevation curve of a proposed irigat
10 reservoir having 20 km of catchment, 1s represented by

DSL comresponding to 7.42 Mm capacity following data:

DSL= 212 m Elevation in m 600 602 504 606
Capacity in ha.m 24.20 26.20 30.30 36.80
(2)
The rate of silting for the catchment has been assessed tob
Head of canal 300m'Akmlyear. Assuming the life of the reservoir to
Tail end of canal 50 years, compute the dead storage and LSL, if the ma
canal is 6 km long with a bed slope of 1 in 1000 and t
R.L. =206 m
canal bed level at the tail end is at RL 594.500 m. The FS
Length of canal = 5500 m
of the canal at the head is 80 cm. The crop wale
Fig. P. 2.6.1 requirement is assessed as 250 ha.m.

Length of canal = 5500 m Soln. Given:

Slope = N H (1) Calculation for DSL

1000 Dead storage level is fixed as maximum of (A), (B) and (C)
5500 (A) Dead storage = CAx Silting rate x reservoirlife

x 1000 5.5 m 20x 300 x 50 = 3,00,000 m

3,00,000 = 30 ha.mn
206+x 206 5.5 211.5 10
RL at head of canal = = + = m

DSL=RL of canal bed at head of canal + FSD of canal R.L. corresponding to 30 ha.m
= 211.5 + 0.4
Capacity Contour
DSL 211.9 m 26.20 602

(3) Approximate dead storage 30

10 % of crop water requirement 30.30 604

100xB0 = 8 Mm DSL 26.20) x (604-602)

= 602 + 0 (30.30-26.20)
Usinginterpolation DSL=603.85m
Capacity Contour (B) Dead storage= 109% of erop water requirement
7.42 212 10
100x 250 = 25 ha.m

R.L. corresponding to 25 ha.m

9.2 214
Capacity Elevation
=212 +0=742)x(214-212)7
DSL 24,20 600
(9.2-7.42)
254
= 212+8x2
26.20 602
DSL= 212.65m

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 Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5h Planning
Sem.-Civil) 2-29 Crop Water Requirement and Reservoir
DSL = 600+ 24.20)x (602-600) 4650 Ha.m = 46.5 Ham.
(26.20-24.20) 10
= 600.8m
DSL= LSL
= RL coresponding to 46.5 Ha.m storage
(C)
Head of canal Using interpolation
Storage RL
Tail end of canal
44.8 352
R.L.= 594.5 m
Length of canal = 6000 m 46.5
47.2 354
Fig. P. 2.6.2
LSL = DSL
Slope NH
1 1000 = 352
+6.5-44.8)X(354-352)7
(47.2-44.8)
x 6000
LSL = 353.42 m
6000
VEx. 2.6.4 W-08. S-10. W-11. S-15. W-18, 6 Marks
1000 6 m

RL at head of canal = 594.5 +X = 594.5 +6 Fix the F.R.L. and T.B.L. from the given data.
= 600.5m G) D.S.L. = 110.00 m
DSL= RL of canal bed at head of (i) Effective live storage= 8000 m
canal + FSD of canal ii) Tank losses= 1500 m
00.5+0.8 iv) Max flood discharge = 400 mn /sec
DSL = 601.3m
(v) Length of waste weir = 100 m
DSL = Maximum of (A), (B), (C)
(vi) Francis formula Q=1.8xLxH
= 603.85 m
(vii) Free Board = 1.5 m
UEx. 2.6.3S-09, S-11
Fix Low supply level (LS.L) ofa tank from the following
Contour RL 110 112114 116 118 120
data: Capacity in m 1000 3000 5000 6000 9000 12000
d) Catchment area= 31 km
(2) Rate of silting = 250 m /km/year Soln.:
(3) Life of reservoir= 60 years. Given:

Contour R.L 350 352 354 356 DSL = 110m

Storage in Ham 32.5 44.8 47.2 50.00 Effective live storage = 8000 m

Soln.: Tank losses =1500m

MFD =400 m/sec
Given:
Length of waste weir = 100 m
CA =31 km
Franic'sformula =Q= 1.8 x LxH
Silting rate = 250 m kmlyear
Free board = 1.5
Life of reservoir=60 years
Expected quantity of sit in life of reservoir
Dead storage=capacity corespondin8
to DSL 110 m
=CAXsilting rate x life or reservoir
= 31 x 250 x 60=46500 m 1000 m
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 Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5h Sem.-Civil) 2-30 Crop Water Requirement and Reservoir Plannin
Live storage Effective live storage +tank losses = (0.1) gross storage
= 8000+ 1500
Assuming flood lift = 3.0 m and free board = 1.5 m
Live storage =9500 m Live storage= effective storage + Tank
.Gross storage= Dead storage + live storage
losses +carryover allowance
=1000+9500 =10500 m = (3000) + (600) + (300)
FRL: R.L. corresponding to gross storage by interpolation
=3900 ha.m.
Capacity RL = 39 Mm.
9000 118
Gross storage =Dead storage + live storage
10500
I (1) Gross storage = [(0.1) Gross storage] + 39
12000 120
39
(1-0.1) Gross storage =

FRL (10500-9000) x(120-118) (0.9) Gross storage = 39

(12000-9000)
FRL= 119 m 39
Gross storage =09=43.33 Mm
Using Franci's formula
Dead storage = 0.1 x Gross storage
Q 1.8xLxH2
= 0.1 x43.33 =4.33 Mm
400 =1.8 x
100 xH
H= 2.22 DSL: RL corresponding to dead storage using interpolation
H = (2.22) =1.70 m Storage Contour
HFL =FRL + flood lift (H) =119 + 1.70 .1 253
HFL= 120.7 m
4.33

JHEx. 2.6.5 W-10. W-17.6 Marks 5.2 256

Fix control levels ofa medium size reservoir from the data
given below. DSL = 253 + 54)x(256-253)1
(5.2-4.1)
Efective storage required=3000 ha.m
DSL = 253.62 m
Tank losses = 20% of effective storage
FRL= RL corresponding to gross storage by
Camy over allowance= 10% of effective storage
interpolation
Dead storage= 10% of gross storage
Storage Contour
Contour 250 253256 278 281 284 42.65 278
(RL in M)
43.33
Storage (Ma |32 4152-4265 473 552 47.3 281
Assume flood lift and free board.
FRL =278 +555-42.65)>x (281-278)
Soin.:Given (47.3-42.65)
Effective storage= 300 ha.mn
FRL=278.43 m
Tank losses= 20% of effective storage
HFL=FRL+Flood lift =278.43+3.0
20 3000 = 600 ha.m
100x 281.43 m
Carry over allowance 10%% of effective storage TDL= HFL +Free board =281.43+1.5
10
T00 3000 = 300 ha.m =282.93

Dead storage= (10%) of gross storage

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 Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5 Sem-Cv) 2-31 Crop WaterRequirement and Reservoir
Panning
UEx 26.8 S16.6-Marks Storage RL
Fx the control levels DSL, FRIL HFL
and TBL om the 6/2
bllowing data
ESecive stormge reguired = 3000 Ham 41.66
50 614
Cary ove alowance and tank losses =25
Dead stiorage= 106of gross storage -4166-0x(614-612
FRL =612
(50-40)
Coesoer RLin) ss4 610 612 614 FRL = 61233 m
Sage Mm3) 30 45 6o 30 0 5 HFL= FRL + Flood i t = 61233 + 15

Assume Dood ift as 1Smamd free board as 2 5m HFL= 613.83

HFL+ Face board = 613.83 2 5
Soln: TBL =

TBL = 616.33
Given:
Efective storage = 3000 Ha.m UEx 2.87 S7.4 larks
Determine LSL, FRI MRL and TBL from the foloing
Cary over allowance and tank losses
data Given below.
=255 of effective storage
Effective storage required for crops-5200 Ham
T00x 3000 = 750 Ham
Tank Losses -15% of effective storge
Dead storage =10% of gross storage Camy over allowance = 10% of effective store
Dead storage = 1055 af gross storage
=
(0.1) gross storage
Live storage =Effective storage +Cary over ContlourRL 51 54 57 113118
150

allowance and tank losses

SlorngeM30 55
75 50007000 90.00
3000+750
Soln:
3750 Ham
Given:
37.50 Mm
Effective storage =5200 Ham
Gross storage = Dead storage + Live storage
Cary over allowance = 10% of effective storage

(1) Gross storage =

[(0.1) Gross storage]+ 37.50 = tOx5200 = 520 Ha.m
(0.9) Gross storage 37.50
Tank losses =15 %of effective storage
Gross storage =41.66 Mm
Dead storage = 0.1x41.66 = 4.16 Mm TOOx5200= 780 Ham
DSL =RL coresponding to dead Dead storage =10% of gross storage
storage=4.16Mm = 0.1 xGross storage
Storage RL Live storage =Effective storage + Cary over
allowance+Tank Losses
3.0 580 = 5200+ 520+780

4.16 = 6500 Ha.m

= 65 Mm
45 582
Gross stonrage Dead storage + live storage
DSL =580416-3x(582-580
(4.5-3.0) (1) Gross storage [(0.1) Gross storage]+65
(0.9) Gross storage= 65
DSL =581.55 m
Gross storage= 7222 Mm
FRL =RL comesponding to Gross slorage Dead storage = 0.1x Gross storage
= 41.66 Mm

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 Crop Water Requirement and Reservoir Plans
anning
Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5 Sem.-Civil) 232
allowance= 10% of effective storao e
=0.1 x 72.22=7.22 Mm Carry over
x3200
100 320 ham
DSL=RLcorresponding to dead
storage = 7.22 Mm Tank losses= 20o of effective storage
20
Storage RL
x3200= 640 ha.m
5.5 54
Dead storage 10% of gross storage
7.22
7.5 57
00xgross storage
= (0.1) gross storage
DSL =5422-55x67-54
(7.5-5.5) Flood lift = 2 m

DSL = 56.58 m Free board =3 m

Live storage = effective storage + carry Ov

FRL RL corresponding to gross
storage 72.22 Mm allowance +tank losses
3200+320+640
Storage RL
=4160 ha.m
70 113 Gross storage= Dead storage + live storage
72.22 Gross storage = [(0.1) gross storage]+4160
(1)
90 116 4160
IC1-0.1)Gross storage] =

FRL
=113+222-70)x(16-113] 0.9 x Gross storage =4160
(90-70) 4160
Gross storage= 0.9
FRL=113.33 m
MRL HFL = FRL+ Flood lift Gross storage=4622.22 Ha.m =46.22 Mm
= 113.33 + 1.5 Dead storage =0.1 x gross storage

Assuming flood lift = 1.5 m = 0.1x 46.22

MRL =HFL =114.83 m =4.62 Mm
DSL = R.L. corresponding to dead
TBL =MRL + Free board
= 114.83+2.5
storage by interpolation
Assuming Free board = 2.5m Storage RL

TBL= 117.33 m 4.25 84

UEx 2.6.8W-12.6 Marks 4.26

Fixcontrollevels D.S.L. FRL. HF.L, and T.B.L. from the 5.33 87
EINen data
) Effective storage required for erops-3200 Ha-m DSL = 84 +62-4.25)x (87-84)
(5.33-4.25)
G) Carry over allowance-109 of effective storage.
DSL= 85.2 m
3) Tank losses-20 ofeffective storage FRL= RL corresponding to gross storage
Gv) Dead storage-10% of gross storage.
Contour R.Ls81 84 87 105 108 111 Storage RL

44.75 105
Storage(Mn) 362 425 53944.75 49.26 59.25s 46.26
Assume flood lift as 2m and free board as 3m
49.26 108
Soln.:
Given: FRL =105+ 46.22-44.75) x (108-105)
(49.26-44.75)
Effective storage = 3200 ha.m
FRL= 105.98 m

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 Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5 Sem.-Civil) Crop Water Requirement and
Reservoir Planning
2-33
HFL=FRL +Flood lift =105.98+2.0 DSL=253+4.62-4)x(256-253)
3 (5.25-4.1)
= 107.98 m

TDL=HFL+Freeboard =107.98 +3.0 DSL= 254.35 m

FRL =RL corresponding to gross
TDL= 110.98 m
storage 46.22 Mm
UEx. 2.6.9 S-19.6 MarkS
Fix the control level i.e. dead storage level (DSL) and full Storage RL
reservoir level (FRL) from the following data:
42.65 278
Efective storage for crops = 3200 ha-m
Tank Losses = 209% of effective storage 46.22

Carry over allowance = 1 0 of effective storage 47.3 281

Dead storage =10% of gross storage. = 278+22-42.65) x(28)-2787

(47.3-42.65)
ContourRL(m) 250 253 256 278 281 284
FRL =280.30m
orage (Mm)33 14.1 5.25 42.65 47.3 55.12
UEx. 2.6.10w-13.6Marks
Soln.: Fix control levels of a medium size reservoir from the data

Given: given below:

Effective storage=3200 ha.m Tank losses = 20% of effective storage

Tank losses = 20% of Effective storage Carry over allowance = 10% of gross storage
Dead storage = 10% of gross storage effective
T00x 3200= 640 ha.m 3000 ha.m. Assume suitable flood lift
Storage required =

Cary over allowance =10% of effective storage and free board

10
T00x3200= 320 ha.m Contour (RL inm)81 84 87 105 108 111
Dead storage =10% of gross storage Storage in (Mm) 3.62 4.25 5.33 44.75 49.26 59.25
= (0.1) gross storage
Soln.:
Live storage = Effective storage +Tank
Given:
losses+Carryoverallowance Effective storage 300 ha.m
3200+640+ 320
Tank losses =20% of effective storage
= 4160 ha.m= 41.60 Mm
20 3000 600 ha.m
Gross storage= Dead storage + Live storage T00x =

() Gross storage= [(0.1) Gross storage]+41.60 Carry over allowance= 10% ofeffective storage

(0.9) Gross storage= 41.60 10 3000 = 300 ha.mn

T00x
Gross storage =46.22 Mm
Dead storage= (1096) of gross storage
Dead storage =0.1>x 46.22=4.62 Mm
DSL= RL coresponding to dead =
(0.1) gross storage
storage 4.62Mm Assuming flood lift = 3.0 m and free board = 1.5m
Live storage = effective storage + Tank
Storage RL
losses+carryover allowance
4.1 253
.624
(3000)+(600) + (300)
=3900 ha.m. = 39 Mm
5.25 256
Gross storage Dead storage +live storage
(1) Gross storage = [(0.1) Gross storage]+ 39

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 Water Resource Enginering (MSBTE-5 Sem-Civil) 2-34 Crop Water Requirement and Reservoir Planin
(1-0.1) Gross storage 39
Soln.:
(0.9) Gross storage 39 Given:
Gross storage 39
09 Effective storage 3800ha.mn
Carry over allowance= 15% of effective storage
Gross storage= 43.33 Mm
10
Dead storage= TO6 3800-570 Ham
0.1>x Gross storage
= 0.1 x 43.33 =4.33 Mm Tank losses= 10% of effective storage
DSL = RL coresponding to dead
100 3800-380 Ham
storage
Dead storage = 10% of gross storage
Storage RL
=(0.1) Gross storage
4.25 84 Flood lift = 1.5m
4.33
Free board= 2.0 m
5.33 87 Livestorage =effective storage+ caryover
4.33-4.25) x (87-84) allowance + Tank losses
DSL =
(5.33-4.25) = 3800 + 570 + 380
DSL = 84.22 m 4750 Ha.m
FRL=RLcorresponding to gross storage Gross storage=Dead storage + live storage
Storage RL Gross storage = [(0.1) dead storage] +4750
(1)
5.33 87 (0.9) Gross storage = 4750

43.33 4750
Gross storage=0g 5277.78 Ha.m
44.75 105
Gross storage =52.78 Mm

FRL =87+5.55-5.33)x (105-87) Dead storage= 0.1>x 52.78 =5.28 Mm

(44.75-5.33)
DSL = RL corresponding to dead
FRL= 104.35 M
storage
HFL=FRL+flood lift =104.35 +3.0 Storage RL
107.35 m
84
TDL=HFL+Free board 2 g 4

= 107.35+ 1.5 = 108.85 m

6.0 87
UEL 2.6.11 W-14.6 Marks
Fix contol levels DSL, FRL, HFL and TBL from given DSL = 84+.28-5)x(87-84)1
(6.0-5.0)
data.
3800 Ha.m. DSL=84.84 m
0)Efective storagerequired for crops
FRL RL corresponding to gross storage
6)Cary over allowance- 15% of effective storage,
Storage RL
Ciy Tank losses- 109% ofeffectivestorage
50 108
iv Dead storage-109% Gross storage.
Contour 52.78

RL (m)8184 87 10s 108 11114 61 111

68 FRL=108+78-S0)x (111-108)1
Storage Mm 3.50 5.0 6.00 45.050.0|
61
(61-50)
free board as 2.0 m.
Assume flood lift as 1.5m and FRL= 108.76 m
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 Water Resouroe Enginering (MSBTE- Sem
Civil) 2-35 Crop Wator Requirement and Reservoir Pianning
HFL FRL+ flood lit= 108.76+15 f students assume he minsing data and ty lo
HFL 110.26 m 2
attempt the question, appropriato marks wbe
TDL HFL+ free board = 110.26+2.0
glven
TDL=112.26m Assuming suitable data for solving this Numerical
UEx 26.12 S18.6Mark Effective live storage = 7.0 ha-m-0.07 Mm
Fix up the FSL, HEL TBL. from the following data: Evaporation losses 0.7 ha-m =0.007 Mm
) Dead storage level = 200 m
Carry over=0.5 ha-m =0.005 Mm
2) Effective live storage = 7.0 Ha.m Gross storage= Dead storage + Live storage
Evaporation losses = 0.7 Ha.m Live storage= Effective live storage
Cary over=0.5 Ha.m +evaporation losses
Max. food discharge = 400 cumec +Carry over
Length of the waste weir (clear water way) = 120.00 m Live storage = 0.07+0.007+0.005

Franci's formula Q= 1.9 LH"cumec 0.082 Mm

Dead storage +0.0082 Mm
Freboard = 15 m Gross storage=
Dead storage =7
Soln.:
Notes:
Gross storage
F.S.L = ?
The given data is incomplete.
Q= 1.9 LH
Contour RL and Capacities are not given in data
400 1.9x 120 x H
Problem can not be soved.
H 1.45 m

Chapter Ends.