Artists and Artisans

The most resilient qualities of man is his Creativity

and imaginaton
“When the ARTIST Is alive in any person,
whatever his kind of work may be, he
becomes an inventive, searching, daring,
and self- expressing creature.” “The real controlling resource and the
ROBERT HENRI’S THE ART absolutely decisive factor of production is
SPIRIT (1923)
neither capital not land nor labor. It is
KNOWLEDGE.”
PETER DRUCKER’S POST-
CAPITALIST SOCIETY (1993)
 Artist
The word “artist” is generally defined as an art practitioner, such as a painter, sculptor,
choreographer, dancer, writer, poet, musicians, and the like, who produces or creates
indirectly functional arts with aesthetic value using imagination. Thus, artists provide us
with paintings, sculptures, dances, music, literary pieces, and so on, as a means of provoking our
thoughts, ideas, and emotions that are necessary to discover ourselves and our being

Artists are creative individuals who use their imagination and skills to communicate in an art form.
They use the materials of an art to solve visual problems. Artists look to many sources for
inspiration. Some look forward to their natural and cultural environment for ideas; others look
within themselves for creative imagination.
 Artist

Artists exhibit the courage to take risks. They are able to see their surroundings in new and
unusual ways. They are willing to intensely for long periods of time to achieve their goals. Some
artists, are self-taught and have been called folk-artists because they are not educated in
traditional artistic methods. Just like the artists, the artisans learn skills and techniques
from some other artists but eventually, both artists and artisans, develop their own unique
styles.
 Artisan
An artisan is a craftsman, such as carpenter, carver, plumber, blacksmith, weaver,
embroiderer, and the like, who produces directly functional and/or decorative arts. Artisans
help us in meeting our basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, dwelling, furniture, and
kitchen utensils; they craft everything that makes our life easy. The artisan’s works are useful,
relevant and essential in our everyday life. They serve us for a long time, supplying us
directly functional arts.
 Artisan

The artisan is basically a physical worker who makes objects with his or her hands, and who
through skill, experience, and ability can produce things of great beauty, as well as
usefulness. Theartist on the other hand, is someone devoted only to the creative part,
making visually pleasant work only for the gratification and appreciation of the viewer but
with no practical value.
The Artists and the
Guilds
An ARTISAN Is as killed craft worker who makes or creates material objects partly
or entirely by hand.

Craftsmen and builders in the past did not have sophisticated

terminologies and principles that architects and engineers abide by
today.

What they had was a sense on how materials behaved, how the
environment, light, and weather patterns affected structures, and other
more intuitive principles of creation.
GOTHIC CATHEDRALS Along with other structures
inspired by its architectural tenets have survived
trough time, not only by their sheer durability, but
more so through the articulation of the processes
that they followed.
WHY SOME EXAMPLES OF ARTISTIC ARE CREATIVE PRODUCTION HAVE SURVIVED
THIS DAY

• The materials, medium, and the principles behind the process of

their creation.

• The emergence of technology and knowledge in managing

andconserving all of these objects and structures, enabling the
retentionof the integrity of the artwork and the intention of the artist
in terms of the design and overall aesthetic.
 Guilds
The practice of artists was not grounded on the idea of individual
capacities or success rather in the commitment to work together as
collective. GUILDS WERE A TYPE OF:

• Social fellowship
• Association structured with rules
• Customs
• Rights
• Responsibilities
 Guilds
Were prevalent during the Middle Ages, where towns had formalized
groups of artisans or craftsmen who took on a particular specialization
or trade:

• Shoemakers • Carvers
• Textile • Masons
• Glass workers • Armorers
• Carpenters • Weapon-makers
 MASTER ARTISAN or CRAFTSMAN would then be open to hiring
apprentices who would be under his instruction. This brought to light
various ways of thinking about transferring knowledge and skills by
visualizing and articulating the principles, processes, and tricks of the
trade both in words and in print through manuals of biblical
proportions.

The guild niche under the Four Crowned Saints (ca. 1416) This was
commissioned by the Arte del Maestri di Pietra e Legname (guild of
wood and stone cutters), in Orsanmichele, Florence.
The Artisans and
his Studio
 Before the renaissance Period, artworks were left unsigned. Artists claiming
authorship for their works by affixing their mark onto the surfaces of their
paintings were a big milestone in the history of the artist. The sire that saw this
shift was a very personal space for the artist himself, which is the STUDIO.

James Abbott McNeill Whistler, “Artist’s Studio” (from Sketchbook),

1854-55. Black ink off-white Wove paper. Gift of Margaret C. Buell,
Helen L. King and Sybil A. Walk (1970),Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Today, artist studios have been a place of Interest for the public. Especially
an artist’s studio is an extension of the artist himself. Artist flexed their
relationship with their patron as a site where negotiations and works are
made. There were those work stations were segmented into two, the
STUDIOLO and BOTTEGA
 STUDIOLO Is a small room, often lavishly decorated,
dedicated to reading, studying and writing. Studiolo of
Francesco Commissioned by Francesco I de’ Medici,
Grand Duke of Tuscany. Palazzo Vecchio, Florence

BOTTEGA The studio or workshop of a major artist

in which other artists may participate in the
execution of the projects or commissions of the
major artist.
Other Players in
the World of Art
 All artistic work, like all human activity, involves the joint activity of a number,
often a large number, of people. Through their cooperation, the artwork we
eventually see or hear comes to be and continues to be, The work always show
signs of that cooperation.
HOWARD S. BECKER’S ART WORLD (1982)

The forms of cooperation may be ephemeral, but often become more or less
routine; producing patterns of collective activity we can call an art world.
The existence of art worlds, as well as the way their existence affects both
the production and consumption of artworks, suggests a sociological
approach to the art.” Howard S. Becker

There are numerous people who either work in consent or dissention,

and in doing so, continuously (re)define,(in)validate,
maintain(abolish),reproduce, and circulate the ‘cultural category of
art, and to produce the consent of the entire society in the
legitimacy of the art world’s authority to do so.”
PROMINENT ROLES IN THE WORLD OF ART
The terrain where art is distributed is a global network comprised of individuals,
groups, and institutions such as schools, museums, galleries, art spaces, auction houses,
and other commercial market platforms, and professions. This implies that the art world
does not only rely on ideas, sentiments, and aesthetic values, but also on skills that are
professionalized, stratified, and more importantly, monetized.

ART FAIR DIRECTOR

Responsible for implementing and enhancing the organization’s strategic

goals, leading fund raising initiatives, developing and supervising
administration of program activities and day-to-day administrative functions,
and ensuring that staff are in place to meet operational needs.
ART HANDLER
Sometimes called an art preparator, is attained individual who works directly with
objects in museums, art galleries and various other venues including private
collectors, corporate art collections, public art collections and various other
institutions. Often they are responsible for packing and unpacking art, installing
and de-installing art in exhibitions, and moving art around the museum and storage
spaces. They are an integral part of a museum and collections care. *Some
functions of the players in the art world overlaps one another.

ARTIST
Is a person who produces art.

COLLECTOR
A person who collects art of a specified type, professionally or as
hobby.
 CRITIC
People who criticize or judge art.

GALLERY ASSISTANT
Gallery assistants aid staff members with administrative and creative tasks.
Their duties range from managing correspondence to monitoring visitors. They
are typically responsible for special events, the safety of the gallery’s collection
and the gallery’s computer systems. They also manage communication with
visitors and other outside parties. Assistants may help setup and breakdown
exhibits and coordinate on-and off-site events.

GALLERY DIRECTOR
Gallery directors are responsible for establishing the artistic policy of a gallery,
planning for sales, exhibitions, event, marketing, community relations, sales,
gallery management
GALLERY OWNER
Responsible for choosing and presenting an arrangement of art for sale.

STORAGE MANAGER

Responsible for ensuring the proper care and preservation of artifacts and as
well as keeping records of it (may be in computer data format or in paper)

MUSEUM DIRECTOR
also called curators, supervise all aspects of a museum’s collection, including
loans, authentication, and educational programs. They are also responsible for
overseeing administrative tasks and fundraising for a museum
MUSEUM PRESS OFFICE
Sometimes called media officers, represent their organization to the
media.Pressofficers respond to enquiries from journalists, write press releases, try to
interest journalists in their Organization’s stories and Campaigns, arrange for
spokespeople to speak to the press, and monitor media coverage.

BUYERS
Are those who initially asses and survey the artwork that collectors are
interested in. It is their role to oversee the sale of the artwork, on behalf of the
collector who may either be too busy or who would rather keep his identity
hidden.
ART DEALER
Are those whose direct hand is in the distribution and circulation of the artworks
through a variety of means, such as direct sales, through galleries, and the more
recent player, auction houses.
Production Process
The production process is essentially tripartite
Preproduction
Production
Post-production
 The artist always begin with an idea that he wants to express or
communicate with his audience. It may not be fully formulated, and so
some form of exposure, research, and other approaches may be explored
to get the idea long before actually making the artwork. The idea may
take a while to form, or may come as swift as a lightning bolt.

The execution of art may take a variety of forms such as painting,

sculpture, tapestry, photograph, film, a routine (dance), or a track or
composition (music). Some artworks rely on a precise and skilled execution,
while others need only intuition and a kind of judiciousness in the
manipulation of material. This is also the stage where the artist gathers
and sources their materials for the creation of the artwork (either
subsumed under preproduction or the production stage).Either way,
materials form one of the most crucial aspects that inform the direction,
quality, and the final output itself.
 Once an artwork is finished, it will be then decided on how it will be
circulated not only in the art world, but the many publics. If the artist
decides that he alone should see the work, then so be it. But most of the
time, if not always, the creation of the object requires that it be seen, heard,
touched, and/or experienced in a variety of ways. Often, it enters into a
new sphere, inside the domain of museums, galleries, performance halls,
theaters, and other art spaces where interaction can take place. There are
many aspects that go into postproduction, may include allowing art to set,
tweaking the artwork, preparing the artwork for transport and display, and
even the promotion and inclusion of the artwork in publications or
discussions.
MEDIUM AND
TECHNIQUES
 Medium
Is the mode of expression in which the concept, idea, or message is conveyed. It may be
concrete or tangible, such as paintings, sculptures, monuments, and structures; or it may be
ephemeral or something transient, such as track,(recording of sound), a film, or a
performance.

The materials that artists use to create art

For concrete works, the objects physically manifest themselves
for a prolonged or lasting period.
For ephemeral works, on the other hand, it is durational.
 Technique
A way of carrying out particular task, especially the execution or
performance of an artistic work

Technique of artwork shows the level of familiarity with the medium being
manipulated. It alludes the necessity of additional tools or implements
(e.g. Hammer and chisel may come handy for sculptors), or consideration
of time (e.g., behavior of different kinds of paint especially in drying time
requirements), and the specificity of the site of creation (e.g., indoor or
outdoor production requirements).
 MEDIUM MIST NOT BE EXPECTED TO YIELD THE
SAME RESULT! THIS IS WHERE TECHNIQUE COME IN.
10 Essential Oil Painting Tips and Technique
1. Hold the paint brush
in the right place
2. Master your brush orientation
3. Vary your pressure
4. Harness the power of the painting medium.
5. Keep your colours pure
6. Use two-colour mixtures if possible
7. Don’t over mix.
8. Don’t skimp on paint
9. Try wet-on-wet versus dry brush
10. Don’t forget the palette knife
Engagement with
Arts
 “Exhibitions act as the catalyst of art and ideas to the public;
they Represent a way of displaying and contextualizing art that
make it relevant and accessible to contemporary audiences.
The art exhibition, by its nature, holds a mirror up to society,
reflecting its interests and concerns while at the same time
challenging its ideologies and preconceptions. Keeping art
relevant to society and to a diverse audience at any given point
in history is one of the main goals of the art exhibition and one
of the reasons it is so Important to the history of art.” -Anna C.
Cline, The Evolving Role of the Exhibition and Its Impact on Art
and Culture (2012)
 Exhibition
“Exhibition are strategically located at the nexus where artists, their work, the
arts institution and many different publics intersect” – Paul Marincola's What
Makes a Great Exhibition (2006
Exhibitions create an opportunity in which the different roles
in the art world get to meet, interact, and even enter into a
discussion.
Exhibition are one of the most common platform to engage
with the art and to display art.
Exhibition may be long term or permanent hangs, or it may be
temporary or periodically changing.
An Exhibition can be a solo exhibition or may be included in
a two-p3rson showing or even a grpup exhibition.
AWARD AND
CITATION
 After an artist has spent considerable time in honing his skills,
establishing the relevance of the body of his works, and even gaining
respect from his colleagues in the art world, he may be considered or
nominated for awards and citations.

Support for the arts and culture is not limited to the allocation of
funding or patronship.
The most common measures in which artists and other creative
producers are given incentives and honor for their work is through
state-initiated and given awards and citations.
2 Major Awards Given to Artists in the
Philippines

Orden ng Pambansang Alagad ng Sining(Order

of the National Artists)
Gawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan (National Living
Treasures Award)
CONFERMENT OF THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS
It is the highest national recognition given to Filipino individuals
who have made significant contributions to the development of
Philippine arts; namely, music, dance, theater, visual arts,
literature, film, broadcast arts, and architecture and allied arts.

The order is jointly administered by the National Commission for

Culture and the Arts(NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP) and conferred by the President of the
Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions (NCCCA,
2015)
CONFERMENT OF THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS
The very first recipient of this award was painter Fernando
Amorsolo, who was touted as the :Grand Old Man of Philippines
Art”. He was the sole awardee in the year 1972, a National Artist
for Visual Arts.

At present, there are 66 awardees of this prestigious honor

across different art forms.

The most recent conferment was in 2016.

Emblem of the Order of National Artist of the Philippines
Honors and Privilege of a National Artist Awardee
1. The rank and title, as proclaimed by the President of
thePhilippines;
2. A medallion or insignia and a citation that will be read during the
conferment;
3. Cash awards and a host of benefits (monthly life pension,medical,
and hospitalization benefits, life insurance coverage);
4. A state funeral and burial at the Libingan ng Mga Bayani (Heroes
Cemetery); and
5. A place of honor or designated area during national state
functions, along with recognition or acknowledgement at cultural
events.
Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (National Living
Treasures Award)
It was created in 1992 under the Republic Act No. 7355.
Also under the jurisdiction of the National Commission for Culture
and the arts (NCCA)
“Through th eGawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan Committee and an Ad
Hoc Panel of Expert, conducts the search for the finest traditional
artists of the land,adopts a program that will ensure the transfer
of their skills to others and undertakes measures to promote a
genuine appreciation of and instill pride among our people about
the genius of the Manlilikhang Bayan” -NCCA (2015).
 The First Three Conferred Outstanding Artist.

· The first conferred outstanding artists in music and poetry was in

1993.
· They are Ginaw Bilog , a master of the Ambahan poetry; Masino
Intaray, a master of various traditional musical instruments of the
Palawan people; and Samaon Sulaiman, a master of the Kutyapi
And other instruments.
 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bauqn (GAMABA)
· The recipients of GAMABA are sought under the qualification of a
“Manlilikhang Bayan” who is a “a Citizen engaged in any traditional
art uniquely Filipino whose distinctive skills have reached such a high
level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to
and widely practiced by the present generation in his/her community
with the same degree of technical and artistic competence”
(NCCA,2015)
· The Artists’ Practice may fall under the following categories: folk,
architecture, maritimetransport, weaving, carving, performing arts,
literature, graphicandplasticarts, ornament, textile or fiberart, pottery
and other rartistic expressions of a traditional culture.
Some of the incentives accorded to the awardee are
the following:

A specially designed gold medallion;

An initial grant of PhP 100,000 and a PhP 10,000 monthly stipend for
life (this was later in creased to PhP 14,000);
Benefits such as maximum cumulative amount of PhP 750,000 medical
and hospitalization benefits; and
Funeral assistance or tribute fit for a National Living Treasure.
Thank you!