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Engineering Materials Technology

This document provides an overview of engineering materials and their properties. It defines key terms and outlines the major classes of materials, including metals and alloys, polymers, ceramics and glasses, composites, and natural materials. Each class of materials is described in terms of its composition, properties, and examples. The document also discusses different types of material properties such as economic, physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, and environmental interaction properties.

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Trina Dominique
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190 views37 pages

Engineering Materials Technology

This document provides an overview of engineering materials and their properties. It defines key terms and outlines the major classes of materials, including metals and alloys, polymers, ceramics and glasses, composites, and natural materials. Each class of materials is described in terms of its composition, properties, and examples. The document also discusses different types of material properties such as economic, physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, and environmental interaction properties.

Uploaded by

Trina Dominique
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering

Materials
Technology
A Review
Engineering
Materials
Technology
A Review
Outline

I. Introduction
II. Definition of terms
IV. Family or Classes of Materials
III. Classes of Properties
a. Metals and Alloys
a. Economic
b. Polymers
b. General Physical
c. Ceramics and glasses
c. Mechanical
d. Composites
d. Thermal
e. Natural materials
e. Electrical and Magnetic
f. Environmental Interaction
g. Production
h. Aesthetic
I.
INTRODUCTION
We live in world of materials
world made up of an unlimited
number of different materials

advancements thru technological


improvements from discoveries
and developments in engineering
materials
We are in an age of materials
interest in and understanding
about enhancing our lives by
upgrading materials and
materials processing for finer
designed goods has exploded in
recent decades
II.
DEFINITION OF
TERMS
(the terms we learned so far)
a. Materials
- their properties that are useful in structures, machines,
devices, products, and systems
- AKA “the matter of the universe”

b. Engineering Materials
- umbrella term for all materials that go into products
and systems
c. Materials Engineering
- deals with synthesis
- aims to develop, prepare, modify, and apply materials
to specific needs in order to make them more useful

d. Properties
- when a material is exposed to an external force or
condition, it’s behavior is described by its properties
e. Materials Science & Engineering
- involves the generation and application of knowledge
re: composition, structure, processing, of materials to
their properties and uses.

- can be interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary

- the “science”: discovering the nature of materials

- the “engineering”: use of science to develop, prepare,


modify, and apply materials to meet specific needs
f. Engineering Materials Technology
- covers applied science relating to materials processing

- includes engineering specialties dealing with materials


such as research & development, design,
manufacturing, construction, and maintenance
III.
CLASSES OF
PROPERTIES
A. Economic

deal with supply and demand, price, cost,


production, competition, trade cycles, and material
availability

Ex. Silicon is quite cheap because it is


abundant and relatively easy to purify.
B. General Physical

those which can be observed without changing the


chemical nature of material

Ex.
• Density of materials
• Shape and size
• Specific gravity of materials
• Porosity of materials
C. Mechanical

help us to measure how materials behave under load.


Ex.
• Strength • Ductility
• Elasticity • Malleability
• Plasticity • Cohesion
• Hardness • Impact strength
• Toughness • Fatigue
• Brittleness • Creep
• Stiffness
D. Thermal

- Thermal properties are display by


material when heat is passed
through it.

· Heat capacity

· Thermal Expansion

· Thermal conductivity

· Thermal stress
F. Environmental Interaction

- It refers to the reaction of the


properties of materials when
face to the different
environmental factors.

• Corrosion
• Oxidation
• Wear

17
E. Electrical and magnetic

- Electrical properties are their


ability to conduct electrical current.
Magnetic properties of material
are those which determine ability
of material for particular magnetic
application.

• Electrical resistivity
• Electrical Conductivity
• Dielectrics
• Magnetic Permeability
G. Production

- is the design, development,


implementation, operation,
maintenance, and control of
all processes in the
manufacture of a material.

19
H. Aesthetic

- It refers to the
exterior structural
appearance of
materials with
regards to its color,
texture and the feel
of the material.
IV.
FAMILY/CLASSES OF
MATERIALS
METALS
Solids composed of atoms held together by a
matrix of electrons which are free to move
throughout the volume of the crystal.

22
Metals
1. Combinations of metallic elements
2. Electrons are not bound to particular
atoms
a. Good conductors of electricity and
heat
b. Generally opaque to visible light.
c. Strong yet deformable
d. Malleable
e. High melting point

23
Alloys
1. Metals in combination with other metals
or non-metal elements
2. Special properties:
a. hardness,
b. toughness,
c. corrosion resistance,
d. magnetizability, and;
e. ductility.

24
POLYMERS
“poly” meaning “many”, and “meros” which
means “part”. They are composed of
repeating molecules (mers).

25
Polymers
1. Carbon element forms the backbone of
of the chain
2. Special properties:
a. Long chain polymers are usually
weaker than most ceramics and
metals,
b. Can be strengthened through fillers,
cross-linking of chains, chain
branching and etc.,

26
Natural Synthetic
CERAMICS
AND GLASSES
As opposed to the long-range electron matrix
bond in metals, ceramics usually have very
rigid covalent or ionic bonds

29
Ceramics
1. Compounds between metallic and
nonmetallic elements
2. Oxides, nitrides, and carbides
3. Special Properties:
a. Insulators
b. Resistant to high temperatures
c. Hard and Brittle

30
CERAMICS GLASSES
- Crystalline, inorganic, - Non-crystalline
Amorphous solids
COMPOSITES
Consists of more than one material type. It
is designed to display a combination of the
best characteristics of each of the
component materials.

32
Composites
1. They are formed by coatings, internal
additives, and laminating.
2. They provide an almost unlimited
potential for development compared to
pure materials such as metals, ceramics
and polymers.

33
Examples

Cermet
34
NATURAL
MATERIALS
Conventional Engineering Materials

35
Wood Leather

Cotton Bone
THANKS!

37

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