BA00287F/00/EN/13.

12 Products Solutions Services

71207226
Valid as of software version:
V01.02.00

Description of Device Functions

Gammapilot M FMG60
Radiometric Measurement
Gammapilot M FMG60

Table of contents
1 Operating concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8 "Gammagraphy" (*5) function group .55
1.1 Display and operating elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8.1 Basic principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
1.2 The operating menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 8.2 "Gammagraphy detection" (*50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
8.3 "Span time" (*51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2 Switching on the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8.4 "Sensitivity " (*52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
8.5 "Output gammagraphy" (*53) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.6 "Hold time" (*54) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3 "Basic setup" (*0) function group . . . . . 9 8.7 "Gammagraphy count" (*55) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.1 "Measured value" (*00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8.8 "Gammagraphy count" (*56) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.2 "Present date" (*01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 "Beam type" (*02) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 9 "Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6)
3.4 "Isotope" (*03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
3.5 "Operating mode" (*04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.6 "Measuring mode" (*05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 9.1 "Communication address" (*60) (only for HART) 61
3.7 "Density unit" (*06) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9.2 "Instrument address" (*60)
3.8 "Min. density" (*07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (only for PROFIBUS PA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.9 "Max. density" (*08) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9.3 "No. of preambles" (*61) (only for HART) . . . . . . 61
3.10 "Pipe diameter unit" (*09) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9.4 "Ident number" (*61) (only for PROFIBUS PA) . . 62
3.11 "Pipe diameter" (*0A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 9.5 "Low output limit" (*62) (only for HART) . . . . . . 62
3.12 "Output damping" (*0B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 9.6 "Set unit to bus" (*62) (only for PROFIBUS PA) . 62
9.7 "Current output mode" (*63)
4 "Calibration" (*1) function group . . . . 15 (only for HART only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
9.8 "Out value" (*63)(only for PROFIBUS PA) . . . . . . 63
4.1 Calibration for level measurement and limit 9.9 "Fixed current value" (*64) (only for HART) . . . . 63
detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 9.10 "Out status" (*64) (only for PROFIBUS PA) . . . . . 64
4.2 Calibration for density and concentration 9.11 "Simulation" (*65) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 9.12 "Simulation value" (*66) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9.13 "Output current" (*67) (only for HART) . . . . . . . . 65
5 "Safety settings" (*2) function group. 32 9.14 "2nd cyclic value" (*67) (only for PROFIBUS PA) 65
9.15 "4mA value" (*68) (only for HART) . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1 "Output on alarm" (*20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
9.16 "select V0H0" (*68) (only for PROFIBUS PA) . . . 66
5.2 "Output on alarm" (*21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
9.17 "20 mA value" (*69) (only for HART) . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.3 SIL locking (for level limit detection 200/400 mm
9.18 "Display value" (*69) (only for PROFIBUS PA) . . 67
PVT scintillator (only for HART) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6 "Temperature compensation" (*3) 10 "Display" (*9) function group . . . . . . . .68

function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 10.1 "Language" (*92) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
10.2 "Back to home" (*93) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
6.1 Basic principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 10.3 "No. of decimals" (*95) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.2 Excerpt from the operating menu . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 10.4 "Separation character" (*96) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.3 "Temperature compensation" (*30) . . . . . . . . . . 40 10.5 "Display test" (*97) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.4 "Select temperature" (*31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.5 "Temperature" (*32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11 "Diagnostics" (*A) function group . . . .70
6.6 "Density" (*33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.7 "Linear coefficient" (*34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.1 "Present error" (*A0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
6.8 "Square coefficient" (*35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 11.2 "Previous error" (*A1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
6.9 "Next point" (*36) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 11.3 "Clear last error" (*A2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
11.4 "Reset" (*A3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
7 "Linearization" (*4) function group . . 43 11.5 "Unlock parameter" (*A4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
11.6 "Present average pulse rate" (*A5) . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
7.1 Linearization for level measurements . . . . . . . . 43 11.7 "Average raw pulse rate" (*A6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
7.2 Linearization for concentration measurements 50 11.8 "Medium temperature" (*A7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
11.9 "Density value" (*A8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

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Gammapilot M FMG60

12 "System parameters" (*C)

function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
12.1 "Tag no." (*C0) (HART) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
12.2 "Device tag" (*C0) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus) . . . 73
12.3 "Profile version" (*C1) (PROFIBUS PA) . . . . . . . . 73
12.4 "device id" (*C1) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus) . . . . . 73
12.5 "Protocol+SW-No." (*C2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
12.6 "device revision" (*C3) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus) 74
12.7 "Serial no." (*C4) (HART) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
12.8 "DD revision" (*C4) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus) . . 74
12.9 "Temperature unit" (*C6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
12.10 "Calibration date" (*C7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
12.11 "Recalibration date" (*C8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

13 "Service" function group (0D). . . . . . . . 76

14 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
14.1 Error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
14.2 Possible calibration errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
14.3 Software history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

List of functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

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Operating concept Gammapilot M FMG60

1 Operating concept

1.1 Display and operating elements

The LCD module VU331 for displaying and operating is inside the remote display and
operating unit FHX40. The measured value can be read off through the FHX40 sight glass.
In order to operate the instrument, the FHX40 must be opened by removing the four screws.

1 2 3

A0018096

1 Gammapilot M
2 FHX40
3 Operating module VU331

1.1.1 Display and operating module VU331

ENDRESS + HAUSER
4 5
3

– + E
2

1
A0018097

1 Operating keys 4 Function name

2 Bargraph 5 Parameter Identification number
3 Symbols

1.1.2 Display symbols

The following table describes the symbols that appear on the liquid crystal display:

Symbol Meaning

ALARM_SYMBOL
This alarm symbol appears when the instrument is in an alarm state. If the symbol flashes, this
indicates a warning.

LOCK_SYMBOL
This lock symbol appears when the instrument is locked, i.e. if no input is possible.

COM_SYMBOL
This communication symbol appears when data transmission via HART, PROFIBUS PA or
FOUNDATION Fieldbus, for example, is in progress.

SIMULATION_SWITCH_ENABLE
This communication symbol appears when simulation in FOUNDATION Fieldbus is enabled via the
DIP switch.

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Gammapilot M FMG60 Operating concept

1.1.3 Function of the keys

Key(s) Meaning

Navigate upwards in the selection list.

O or V Edit numeric value within a function.

Navigate downwards in the selection list.

S or W Edit numeric value within a function.

X or Z Navigate to the left within a function group.

F Navigate to the right within a function group, confirmation.

O and F
or Contrast settings of the LCD.
S and F
Hardware lock / unlock
After a hardware lock, an operation of the instrument via display or communication
O and S and F is not possible! The hardware can only be unlocked via the display.
An unlock parameter must be entered to do so.

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Operating concept Gammapilot M FMG60

1.2 The operating menu

1.2.1 Function code

The functions of the Gammapilot M are arranged in an operating menu. To ensure easy
orientation within the menu, a unique position code is indicated on the display for each
function. This code consists of one alphabetic and two numeric characters.

1 2 3

A0018098

1 Measuring mode
2 Function group
3 Function

• The alphabetic character specifies the current measuring mode of the Gammapilot M:
– L: level
– S: limit (switch)
– D: density
– C: concentration
– *: no measuring mode selected yet

• The first numeric character identifies the function group:

– basic setup *0
– calibration *1
– Safety settings *2
– ...

• The second numeric character numbers the individual functions within the function group:
basic setup *0
– today's date *01
– beam type *02
– isotope *03
– operating mode *04
– ...
Hereafter, the position is always given in brackets after the function name. "*" (not yet
selected) is always indicated as the measurement method, e.g. "present date" (*01).

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Gammapilot M FMG60 Operating concept

1.2.2 Operation using the onsite display VU331

ENDRESS + HAUSER

ESC
– + E
S

F ESC
2x S
ESC ESC
S S >3 s

Basic setup Todays date Isotop Return to

F F group selection

Calibration 3 137 Cs

Safety setting 60Co

Temp. Comp. no comp.

Linearisation S
S ...

Selection and configuration in Operation menu:

1. Change from Measured Value Display to Group Selection by pressing F.
2. Press S or O to select the required Function Group and confirm by pressing F.
The active selection is marked by a  in front of the menu text.
3. Activate Edit mode with O or S.
Selection menus
a. Select the required parameter in the function selected with S or O.
b. F confirms selection;  appears in front of the selected parameter.
c. F confirms the edited value; system quits edit mode.
d. Simultaneous pressing of  and S interrupts selection; system quits edit mode.
Typing in numerals and text
a. Press O or S to edit the first character of the numeral / text.
b. F positions the cursor at the next character; continue with a. until you have
completed your input.
c. If a  symbol appears at the cursor, press F to accept the value entered; system quits
edit mode.
d. If a  symbol appears at the cursor, press F to return to the previous character (e.g.
for correction of entries).
e. Simultaneous pressing of O and S interrupts selection; system quits edit mode.
4. Press F to select the next function.
5. Press O and S simultaneously once; return to previous function.
Press O and S simultaneously twice; return to Group Selection.
6. Press O and S simultaneously to return to Measured value display.

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Switching on the device Gammapilot M FMG60

2 Switching on the device

NOTICE
Error messages A165 "electronics defect" and A635 "present date not defined"
The Gammapilot M contains 2 real-time clocks for the decay compensation, which are
permanently compared to each other for safety reasons. In order to bridge voltage
interruptions, the clocks are buffered with a capacitor. To ensure that the clocks work
correctly and retain the date in the event of a voltage interruption, this capacitor must have
a minimum charge. If the A165 "Electronics defect" or A635 "Present date not defined" error
message appears after switching on the Gammapilot M, then the capacitor may possibly
not yet be charged sufficiently. In this case, the Gammapilot M must be operated at the
operating voltage for at least 20 to 30 minutes, in order to charge the capacitor. After this,
the date must be entered correctly. If the error message still persists subsequent to this, it
can be deleted by switching the Gammapilot M off and on.
After switching on the supply voltage, the instrument is first initialized. Due to internal
memory tests, this takes approx. 2 minutes.

On-site display Meaning

FMG60 Then, the following appear for approximately five seconds:

• Device type
V01.03.06 HART
• Software version
• Type of the communication signal

On first power up you are requested to select the language for

the display texts.

Language 092 Select the language with the O and S keys.

Confirm your choice by pressing F twice.
 Englisch
Français
Español

After that the measured value display appears. Now you can
perform the basic setup and the calibration.
Press F to switch to the group selection.

Group selection Press F again to enter the first function of the "basic setup"
function group.
 Basic setup
Calibration

Safety settings

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Gammapilot M FMG60 "Basic setup" (*0) function group

3 "Basic setup" (*0) function group

On-site display

Group selection *0

 basic setup
calibrated

safety settigs

3.1 "Measured value" (*00)

On-site display Meaning

Measured value *00 The current measured value is displayed in this function.
85.00%

NOTICE
Display of measured value
‣ The number of decimals can be selected in the "No. of decimals" (*95) function.
‣ The decimal separator (point or comma) can be selected in the "Separation character"
(*96) function.
‣ The bar graph in the bottom line gives a graphical representation of the measured value.
‣ If the Gammapilot M detects an error, the associated error message and the measured
value are displayed alternately.

3.2 "Present date" (*01)

On-site display Meaning

Present date *01 Date and time of the basic setup are specified in this function.

17.11.04 10:30

dd.mm.yy hh:mm

3.3 "Beam type" (*02)

On-site display Meaning

Beam type *02 This function is used to specify whether the radiation source
used emits radiation continuously or whether it is modulated
 Standard/cont. (for grammagraphy suppression).
Modulated • Standard/continuous (permanent, continuous radiation)
• Modulated (modulated radiation source)

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"Basic setup" (*0) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

3.4 "Isotope" (*03)

On-site display Meaning

Isotop *03 This function is used to specify which isotope is used for the
measurement. The Gammapilot M needs this information for
 137 Cs the decay compensation.
60 Co

no compens.

3.5 "Operating mode" (*04)

On-site display Meaning

Operating mode *04 This function is used to specify in which operating mode the
Gammapilot M will be used.
 Stand alone
Master

Slave

NOTICE
The selection can be performed only once and the function is automatically locked after
that. It can only be unlocked again by a reset of the Gammapilot M ("Reset" (*A3)
function).

A C

B 1
A0018107

A One Gammapilot M is sufficient for measuring ranges up to 2 m (6.6 ft ); For larger measuring ranges as many
Gammapilot M as required can be connected (cascading mode). By Software settings they are defined as
B Master
C Slave(s) or
D End-Slave
1 4 to 20 mA HART; PROFIBUS PA; FOUNDATION Fieldbus

Options/display:
• Stand alone: This option is selected if the Gammapilot M is used as a single instrument.
• Master: This option is selected if the Gammapilot is located at the beginning of a
cascading chain. It receives pulses from a connected slave, adds its own pulses and
calculates the measuring value from this total.
• Slave: This option is selected if the Gammapilot M is located in the middle of a cascading
chain. It receives the pulses from an additional connected slave or end-slave, adds its own
pulses and transmits this total to the next device (master or slave). After selecting this
option, the basic setup is finished. When cascading several transmitters the further
calibration is performed on the master only.

10 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Basic setup" (*0) function group

• End slave: This option is selected if the Gammapilot M is located at the end of a cascading
chain. It does not receive pulses from another device but transmits its own pulses to the
next device (master or slave). After selecting this option, the basic setup is finished. When
cascading several transmitters the further calibration is performed on the master only.
• Not defined: Is displayed if no operating mode has been selected yet. In order to continue
the basic setup, a selection is necessary.
NOTICE
If a "Slave" or an "End-slave" are connected to the "FieldCare", the pulse rate of this
device is displayed in the header instead of the measured value.

3.6 "Measuring mode" (*05)

On-site display Meaning

Meas. mode *05 This function is used to select the desired measuring mode.

 Level

Limit

Density

Further options:
• Level measurement (continuous)
• Level limit detection
• Density measurement (with temperature compensation if required)
• Concentration measurement (density measurement followed by linearization)
NOTICE
The selection can be performed only once and the function is automatically locked after
that. It can only be unlocked again by a reset of the Gammapilot M ("Reset" (*A3)
function).

A B

C D

A0018108

A Level measurement (continuous)  Density

B Level limit detection E Concentration
C Density measurement (with temperature compensation if required)
D Concentration measurement (density measurement followed by linearization)

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"Basic setup" (*0) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

3.7 "Density unit" (*06)

On-site display Meaning

Density unit *06 This function is needed for density and concentration measure-
ments only. It is used to select the density unit.
 g/cm3
g/l

lb/gal

Further options:
• g/cm3
• g/l
• lb/gal; [1g/cm3 = 8,345 lb/gal]
• lb/ft3; [1g/cm3 = 62,428 lb/ft3]
• 1°Brix = [270 (1 - 1/x)]
• °Baumé; [1°Baumé = 144.3 (1 - 1/x)]
• °API; [1°API = 131.5 (1.076/x - 1)]
• °Twaddell; [1°Twaddell = 200 (x-1)]
"x" refers to the density in g/cm3. The formula indicates how many degrees this density
corresponds to.

3.8 "Min. density" (*07)

On-site display Meaning

Min. density *07 This function is needed for density and concentration measure-
ments only. It is used to specify the lower limit of the density
0,9500 g/cm³
range.
The output current for this density is 4 mA.

3.9 "Max. density" (*08)

On-site display Meaning

Max. density *08 This function is needed for density and concentration measure-
ments only. It is used to specify the upper limit of the density
1,2500 g/cm³
range.
The output current for this density is 20 mA.

3.10 "Pipe diameter unit" (*09)

On-site display Meaning

Pipe diam. unit *09 This function is needed for density and concentration measure-
ments only. It is used to select the unit for the pipe diameter.
 mm
inch
1 inch = 25,4 mm

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Gammapilot M FMG60 "Basic setup" (*0) function group

3.11 "Pipe diameter" (*0A)

On-site display Meaning

Pipe diam. *0A This function is needed for density and concentration measure-
ments only. It is used to specify the irradiated measuring path
200 mm L. With standard installation, this value is identical to the inner
pipe diameter DI. For other installations (in order to enlarge
the irradiated measuring path) it may be larger (see figure).
The pipe walls are not to be considered a part of the measuring
path.

L
1
a L
30° 2.0 x DI

DI
L
1

L
A0018109

Always specify the complete irradiated measuring path L in the "pipe diameter" (*0A) function. Depending on the installation, this
value may be larger than the actual pipe diameter.

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"Basic setup" (*0) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

3.12 "Output damping" (*0B)

On-site display Meaning

Output damping *0B This function is used to specify the output damping (in
seconds) by which changes of the measured value are attenua-
60 s ted.
After a surge in the level or density it takes 5 x until the new
measured value is reached.

L
1

5xt t
A0018110

1 Level change (or density change)

2 Measured value

Range of values
1 to 999 s
Default
The default depends on the selected "measuring mode" (*05):
• Level: 6 s
• Limit: 6 s
• Density: 60 s
• Concentration: 60 s
Selecting the output damping
The best value of the output damping depends on the process conditions. By enlarging the
output damping, the measured value becomes considerably steadier but also slower.
In order to dampen the influence of strongly fluctuating surfaces or stirrers, it is advisable to
enlarge the output damping. On the other hand, if rapid changes of the measured value have
to be detected accurately, the output damping may not be selected to large.

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Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

4 "Calibration" (*1) function group

On-site display

Group selection *1

 calibration
safety settings

Temp. compensation

In this chapter the "calibration" (*1) function group is split according to the measuring
mode:
 ä 15, "Calibration for level measurement and limit detection"
 ä 24, "Calibration for density and concentration measurements"

Some functions appear in both subchapters, which means that their description is adapted
to the respective measuring mode.

4.1 Calibration for level measurement and limit detection

4.1.1 Calibration points for level measurement

A B C

OFF ON ON

A0018111

A Background calibration
B Full calibration
C Empty calibration

Background calibration
Refers to the following situation:
• The radiation is switched off.
• Within the measuring range, the vessel is filled as far as possible (ideally: 100%).
The background calibration is necessary, in order to register the natural background
radiation at the mounting position of the Gammapilot M. The pulse rate of this background
radiation is automatically subtracted from any other measured pulse rate. That means: only
the part of the pulse rate which originates from the applied radiation source is taken into
account and is displayed.
As opposed to the radiation of the applied source, the background radiation remains nearly
constant during the complete measurement. Therefore, it is not submitted to the automatic
decay compensation of the Gammapilot M.

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"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

Full calibration
Refers to the following situation:
• The radiation is switched on.
• Within the measuring range, the vessel is filled as far as possible (ideally: 100%,
minimum 60%).
If the vessel cannot be filled to at least 60% during the calibration, the full calibration can
alternatively performed with the radiation being switched off, which is a way of simulating
a filling of 100%. In this case, the full calibration is identical to the background calibration.
As the pulse rate of the background radiation is automatically subtracted, the displayed
pulse rate is about 0 cps.

NOTICE
This type of simulated calibration is not possible with self-radiating media. In this case
it is always necessary to perform the background and full calibration with the vessel
filled to 100%.

Empty calibration
Refers to the following situation:
• The radiation is switched on.
• Within the measuring range, the vessel is emptied as far as possible (ideally: 0%,
maximum 40%).

4.1.2 Calibration points for limit detection

A B C

OFF ON ON

A0018112

A Background calibration
B Covered calibration
C Free calibration

Background calibration
Refers to the following situation:
• The radiation is switched off.
• If possible, the radiation path is completely covered.
The background calibration is necessary, in order to register the natural background
radiation at the mounting position of the Gammapilot M. The pulse rate of this background
radiation is automatically subtracted from any other measured pulse rate. That means: only
the part of the pulse rate which originates from the applied radiation source is taken into
account and is displayed.
As opposed to the radiation of the applied source, the background radiation remains nearly
constant during the complete measurement. Therefore, it is not submitted to the automatic
decay compensation of the Gammapilot M.

16 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

Covered calibration
Refers to the following situation:
• The radiation is switched on.
• If possible, the radiation path is completely covered.
If the radiation path cannot be completely covered during the calibration, the covered
calibration can alternatively be performed with the radiation being switched off, which is a
way of simulating complete covering. In this case, the covered calibration is identical to the
background calibration. As the pulse rate of the background radiation is automatically
subtracted, the displayed pulse rate is about 0 c/s.

NOTICE
This type of simulated calibration is not possible with self-radiating media. In this case
it is always necessary to perform the background calibration and the covered
calibration with the radiation path completely covered.

Free calibration
Refers to the following situation:
• The radiation is switched on.
• The radiation path is completely free.

4.1.3 Methods for entering the calibration points

Automatic calibration
For an automatic calibration, the vessel is filled to the required value. For the background
calibration the radiation remains switched off, for the other calibration points the radiation
is switched on.
The Gammapilot M automatically records the pulse rate. The associated level is entered by
the user.

Manual calibration
If during the commissioning of the Gammapilot M one or more calibration points cannot be
realized (e.g. because the vessel cannot be sufficiently filled or emptied), the calibration
point must be entered manually.
That is, not only the level but also the associated pulse rate must be entered by the user.
For details concerning the calculation of the count rate please refer to your Endress+Hauser
sales organization.

NOTICE
Calibration date and calibration
‣ When calibrating manually, the calibration date is not set automatically. Instead, it must
be entered manually into the "calibration date" (*C7) function.
‣ A manually entered calibration point should be replaced by an automatic calibration as
soon as the associated level occurs during the operation of the plant. This recalibration is
advisable because calibration points entered automatically result in more precise
measurement results than calculated ones.

Endress+Hauser 17
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

4.1.4 Background calibration

Excerpt from the operating menu

The following excerpt from the operating menu shows how the background calibration is
entered. The individual functions are explained in the sections below.

E
*10 *11 *10
Backgr. calibr. avg. pulse rate bgr. pulse rate E
0: stop/edit
1: start -1: not calibrated

"Background calibration" (*10)

On-site display Meaning

Backgr. cal. *10 This function is used to start the background calibration.

stop/edit
start

Options:
• stop/edit
This option must be selected if
– No background calibration is to be performed but the pulse rate of an existing
background calibration is to be displayed instead.
– A manual background calibration is to be performed.
After selecting this option, the Gammapilot M changes to the "bgr. pulse rate" (*12)
function, where the existing pulse rate is displayed and can be changed if required.
• start
This option is used to start an automatic background calibration. The Gammapilot M
changes to the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.

18 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

"Avg. pulse rate" (*11)

On-site display Meaning

Avg. pulse rate *11 The average pulse rate is displayed in this function (after selec-
tion of "start" in the previous function). Initially, this value fluc-
186 cps
tuates (because of the decay statistics), but due to the integra-
tion it reaches an average value in the course of time. The
longer the averaging is performed the lower are the remaining
fluctuations.

c/s "E"

t
A0018118

If the value is sufficiently stable, the function can be left by pressing "E".
Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "backgr. calib." (*10) function. Select "stop/
edit" to stop the averaging procedure. The value is then automatically transmitted to the
"bgr. pulse rate" (*12) function.

NOTICE
Bgr. Pulse rate
‣ The maximum integration time is 1000 s. After this time, the value is automatically
transmitted to the "bgr. pulse rate" (*1B) function.
‣ The integration is not terminated by pressing "E" in the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.
It is continued until the selection of "stop/edit" in the "backgr. calib." (*10) function.
This may result in a slight deviation between the last displayed average pulse rate and
the final "bgr. pulse rate" (*12).

"Background pulse rate" (*12)

On-site display Meaning

Backgr. pulse rate *12 The pulse rate of the background calibration is displayed in this
function. By pressing "E" the displayed value can be confirmed
186 cps
and the background calibration completed. "-1" indicates, that
no background calibration is present yet. In this case there are
two options:
• Either return to the "background calibration" (*10) func-
tion and restart the background calibration
• Or enter a known or calculated pulse rate (manual calibra-
tion). Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "calibr.
point" (*13) or (*1A) function.

Endress+Hauser 19
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

4.1.5 Full and empty calibration or covered and free calibration

Excerpt from the operating menu

The following excerpt from the operating menu shows how the full and empty calibration
(for level measurements) or the covered and free calibration (for level limit detection) are
entered. The individual functions are explained in the sections below.
The functions are only accessible after the background calibration has been performed.

*14 *15 *11 *16

value full calibration avg. full calibr.
[%] 0: stop/ pulse [c/s]
1
target value edit rate -1: not calibra-
at calibr. 1: start ted
point
013 *19
0 E
calibr. point next point
0: full/ 0: no
covered 1: yes Group
1: empty/free selection

*17 *15 *11 *18

value empty calibration avg. empty calibr.
[%] 0: stop/ pulse [c/s]
1
target value edit rate -1: not calibra-
at calibr. 1: start ted
point

0 E

NOTICE
The "value full" (*14) and "value empty" (*17) functions only appear if the "level"
option was selected in the "measurement method" function (*05).

"Calibration point" (*13)

On-site display Meaning

Calibr. point *13 This function is used to select which calibration point ("full/
covered" or "empty/free") will be entered.
 full/covered
empty/free

20 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

"Value full" (*14) / "Value empty" (*17)

On-site display Meaning

value full *14 These functions are needed for level measurements only.
They are used to specify the level at which the full or empty
100%
calibration are performed.

value empty *17

0%

Range of values
optimum value minimum value maximum value

Value full (*14) 100% 60% 100%

Value empty (*17) 0% 0% 40%

"Calibration" (*15)

On-site display Meaning

calibration *15 This function is used to start the automatic entering of the
selected calibration point.
stop/edit

start

Options:
• stop/edit
This option must be selected if
– the calibration point is not to be entered (e.g. because it has already been entered). The
pulse rate of the calibration point is then displayed in the following function, "full
calibr." (*16) or "empty calibr." (*18). If required, this value can be changed.
– the calibration point is to be entered manually. This can be done in the following
function, "full calibr." (*16) or "empty calibr." (*18).
• start
This option is used to start the automatic entering of the calibration point. The
Gammapilot M then changes to the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.

Endress+Hauser 21
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

"Avg. pulse rate" (*11)

On-site display Meaning

avg. pulse rate *11 The average pulse rate is displayed in this function (after selec-
tion of "start" in the previous function). Initially, this value fluc-
2548 cps
tuates (because of the decay statistics), but due to the integra-
tion it reaches an average value in the course of time. The
longer the averaging is performed the lower are the remaining
fluctuations.

c/s "E"

t
A0018118

Initially, the pulse rate strongly fluctuates. In the course of time an average value is reached.

If the value is sufficiently stable, the function can be left by pressing "E".
Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "calibration" (*15) function. Select "stop/
edit" to stop the averaging procedure. The value is then automatically transmitted to the
"full calibr." (*16) or "empty calibr." (*18) function respectively.

NOTICE
Avg. Pulse rate
‣ The maximum integration time is 1000 s. The value is then transmitted automatically to
the "full calibr." (*16) or "empty calibr." (*18) function.
‣ The integration is not terminated by pressing "E" in the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.
It is continued until the selection of "stop/edit" in the "calibration" (*15) function. This
may result in a slight deviation between the last displayed average pulse rate and the
final "full calibr." (*16) or "empty calibr. (*18).

"Full calibration" (*16) / "Empty calibration" (*18)

On-site display Meaning

full calibr. *16 The pulse rate of the respective calibration points is displayed
in these functions. The displayed value must be confirmed by
33 cps
pressing "E". "-1" indicates, that no background calibration is
present yet.
In this case there are two options:
• either return to the "calibration" (*15) function and restart
the calibration
• or enter a knwon or calculated pulse rate (manual calibra-
empty calibr. *18 tion)

2548 cps

22 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

"Next point" (*19)

On-site display Meaning

next point *19 This function is used to specify, if a further calibration point is
to be entered or not.
 no
yes

Options:
• no
This option must be selected after both calibration points have been entered. After this
selection the Gammapilot M returns to the group selection and the calibration is
completed.
• yes
This option must be selected, if only one calibration point has been entered yet. After this
selection the Gammapilot M returns to the "calibr. point" (*13) function and the next
point can be entered.

Endress+Hauser 23
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

4.2 Calibration for density and concentration

measurements

4.2.1 Calibration points for density and concentration

measurements

Function of the calibration points

For density and concentration measurements the Gammapilot M needs (apart from the
length of the irradiated measuring path) the following two parameters:
• The absorption coefficient  of the material measured
• The reference pulse rate I01).
It calculates these parameters automatically from the following calibration points:
• Background calibration (calibration with the radiation switched off)
• Up to nine calibration points for samples of various known densities.
NOTICE
With self-radiating media it is always necessary to perform the background calibration
with a filled pipe. A simulated calibration with an empty pipe is not possible in this
case.

0 1 9

OFF ON

A0018128

0 Background calibration
1-9 Calibration points for various densities

Two-point calibration
The recommended comparisen procedure for high exactness standards about the whole
measuring range is the two-point calibration. First the background calibration occurs. The
two calibration points will be adapt. They should lie very far apart. After input of both
calibration points, the Gammapilot M calculates the parameters I0 und .

One-point calibration
If a two-point calibration is not possible, a one-point calibration can be carried out.
That means, that apart from the background calibration only one further calibration point is
used. This calibration point should be located as near as possible to the operating point.
Densities in the proximity of this operating point are measured fairly precisely, whereas the
precision may decrease with increasing distance to the operating point.
In one-point calibration, the Gammapilot M only calculates the reference pulse rate I0.
For the absorption coefficient it uses the standard value  = 7.7 mm2/g in this instance.

1) I0 is the pulse rate for the tube being empty. The value is significantly higher than any real pulse rate occurring during the measurement.

24 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

Multiple-point calibration
The multiple-point calibration is recommended particularly for measurements in a large
density area or for especially exact measurements. Up to 9 calibration points can be used
about the whole measuring range. The calibration points should be located as far from each
other as possible and should be uniformly distributed over the measuring range. After the
calibration points have been entered, the Gammapilot M automatically calculates the
parameters I0 and . Multiple-point calibration is especially advisable for measurement in a
wide range of densities or for especially precise measurements.

Recalibration
The Gammapilot M provides a further calibration point ("10") for recalibration. This point
can be entered, if the measuring conditions have changed, e.g. by deposit in the measuring
tube. After entering of the recalibration point, I0 is recalculated according to the current
measuring conditions. The absorption coefficient  is kept unchanged from the original
calibration.

4.2.2 Methods for entering the calibration points

Automatic calibration
For an automatic calibration, the desired calibration point is realized at the measuring tube,
i.e. the measuring tube is filled with a medium of the desired density. For the background
calibration the radiation remains switched off, for the other calibration points the radiation
is switched on. The Gammapilot M automatically records the pulse rate. The associated
density is determined in the laboratory and entered by the user.

Manual calibration
In order to achieve a high measuring accuracy, it is advisable to determine the pulse rates for
a couple of samples of the same density and to calculate the average density and average
pulse rate for these samples. These values can then be entered manually into the
Gammapilot M.
If possible, this procedure should be repeated at a further density. The both density values
should be as far from each other as possible.

NOTICE
When calibrating manually, the calibration date is not set automatically. Instead, it
must be entered manually into the "calibration date" (*C7) function.

Endress+Hauser 25
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

4.2.3 Background calibration

Excerpt from the operating menu

The following excerpt from the operating menu shows how the background calibration is
entered. The individual functions are explained in the sections below.

E
*10 *11 *12
backgr. calib. avg. pulse rate bgr. pulse rate E
1
0: stop/edit
1: start -1: not calibrated

"Background calibration" (*10)

On-site display Meaning

backgr. cal. *10 This function is used to start the background calibration.

stop/edit
start

Options:
• stop/edit
This option must be selected if
– no background calibration is to be performed but the pulse rate of an existing
background calibration is to be displayed instead.
– a manual background calibration is to be performed.
After selecting this option, the Gammapilot M changes to the "bgr. pulse rate" (*12)
function, where the existing pulse rate is displayed and can be changed if required.
• start
This option is used to start an automatic background calibration. The Gammapilot M
changes to the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.

26 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

"Avg. pulse rate" (*11)

On-site display Meaning

avg. pulse rate *11 The average pulse rate is displayed in this function (after selec-
tion of "start" in the previous function).
186 cps
Initially, this value fluctuates (because of the decay statistics),
but due to the integration it reaches an average value in the
course of time. The longer the averaging is performed the
lower are the remaining fluctuations.

c/s "E"

t
A0018118

If the value is sufficiently stable, the function can be left by pressing "E".
Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "backgr. calib." (*10) function. Select "stop/
edit" to stop the averaging procedure. The value is then automatically transmitted to the
"bgr. pulse rate" (*12) function.

NOTICE
Bgr. Pulse rate
‣ The maximum integration time is 1000 s. After this time, the value is automatically
transmitted to the "bgr. pulse rate" (*1B) function.
‣ The integration is not terminated by pressing "E" in the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.
It is continued until the selection of "stop/edit" in the "backgr. calib." (*10) function.
This may result in a slight deviation between the last displayed average pulse rate and
the final "bgr. pulse rate" (*12).

"Background pulse rate" (*12)

On-site display Meaning

backgr. pul. rate *12 The pulse rate of the background calibration is displayed in this
function. By pressing "E" the displayed value can be confirmed
186 cps
and the background calibration completed. "-1" indicates, that
no background calibration is present yet. In this case there are
two options:
• either return to the "background calibration" (*10) func-
tion and restart the background calibration
• or enter a known or calculated pulse rate (manual calibra-
tion). Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "calibr.
point" (*13) or (*1A) function

Endress+Hauser 27
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

4.2.4 Calibration points

Excerpt from the operating menu

The following excerpt from the operating menu shows, how the density calibration points
are entered. The individual functions are explained in the sections below.
The functions are only accessible after the background calibration has been performed.

0 E
*1A *15 *11 *1B *1C
calibr. point calibration avg. pulse density calib. density value
1...9 0: stop/edit 1 rate (c/s)
point 10 for 1: start
recalibration
Group
selection
*1D *1E *1F *19
calibr. point absorp. ref. pulse rate next point
0: not used coeff. 0: no
1: used 1: yes
2: clear

"Calibration point" (*1A)

On-site display Meaning

calibr. point *1A This function is used to select, which calibration point will be
entered.
1
2

Further options:
• "1" to "9" : Calibration points for various densities
• "10": recalibration point
After entering of the recalibration point, I0 is recalculated according to the current
measuring conditions. The absorption coefficient  is kept unchanged from the original
calibration. The calibration point "10" can be entered if the measuring conditions have
changed, e.g. due to buildup in the measuring tube.

28 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

"Calibration" (*15)

On-site display Meaning

calibration *15 This function is used to start the automatic entering of the
selected calibration point.
stop/edit

start

Options:
• stop/edit
This option must be selected if
– the calibration point is not to be entered (e.g. because it has already been entered). The
pulse rate of the calibration point is then displayed in the following function "density
calib." (*1B). If required, this value can be changed.
– the calibration is to be entered manually. For this purpose, the Gammapilot M changes
to the "density calib." (*1B) function.
• start
This option is used to start the automatic entering of the calibration point. The
Gammapilot M then changes to the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.

"Avg. pulse rate" (*11)

On-site display Meaning

avg. pulse rate *11 The average pulse rate is displayed in this function (after selec-
tion of "start" in the previous function). Initially, this value fluc-
1983 cps
tuates (because of the decay statistics), but in the course of
time it reaches an average value. The longer the averaging is
performed the lower are the remaining flucuations.

c/s "E"

t
A0018118

If the value is sufficiently stable, the function can be left by pressing "E".
Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "calibration" (*15) function. Select "stop/
edit" to stop the averaging procedure. The value is then automatically transmitted to the
"density calibr." (*1B) function.

NOTICE
Density calibration
‣ The maximum integration time is 1000 s. After this time, the value is automatically
transmitted to the "density calibration" (*1B) function.
‣ During the integration a sample of the measured material must be taken. Its density must
be determined in the laboratory).
‣ The integration is not terminated by pressing "E" in the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.
It is continued until the selection of "stop/edit" in the "calibration" (*15) function. This
may result in a slight deviation between the last displayed average pulse rate and the
final "density calibration" (*1B).

Endress+Hauser 29
"Calibration" (*1) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

"Density calibration" (*1B)

On-site display Meaning

density calibr. *1B The pulse rate of the respective calibration point is displayed in
this function. The display value must be confirmed by pressing
1983 cps
"E". "-1" indicates, that no pulse rate is present yet. In this case
there are two options:
• either return to the "calibration" (*15) function and restart
the calibration
• or enter a known or calculated pulse rate (manual calibra-
tion)

"Density value" (*1C)

On-site display Meaning

density value *1C This function is used to enter the density of the calibration
point. The value must be determined from the sample in a
0.9963 g/cm3
laboratory measurement.

NOTICE
When entering the value, temperature influences have to be taken into account. The
density entered must refer to the temperature at which the pulse rate has been
determined. If the density and the pulse rate have been determined at different
temperatures, the density value must be corrected accordingly.

"Calibration point" (*1D)

On-site display Meaning

calibr. point *1D This function is used to specify, if the current calibration piont
is to be used.
not used

 used
clear

Options:
• not used
The calibration point is not used. However, it can be reactivated at a later point of time.
• used
The calibration point is used.
• clear
The calibration point is deleted. It cannot be reactivated at a later point of time.

30 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Calibration" (*1) function group

"Absorption coefficient" (*1E)

On-site display Meaning

absorp. coeff. *1E This function displays the absorption coefficient which results
from the currently active calibration points. The displayed
7.70 mm2/g
value should be used for plausibility checking.

NOTICE
If only one calibration point is currently active, the absorption coefficient is not
calculated. The last valid value is used instead. At the first commissioning or after a
reset, the default value,  = 7.70 mm2/g, is used. The value can be changed by the user.

"Reference pulse rate" (*1F)

On-site display Meaning

ref. pulse rate *1F This function displays the reference pulse rate IO, which results
from the currently active calibration points. The value cannot
31687 cps
be edited.

NOTICE
I0 is the pulse rate for the tube being empty (theoretical reference value). Generally, the
value is significantly higher than any real pulse rate occurring during the
measurement.

"Next point" (*19)

On-site display Meaning

next point *19 This function is used to specify, if a further calibration point is
to be entered or not.
 no
yes

Options:
• no
This option must be selected if no further calibration point is to be entered or changed.
After this selection the Gammapilot M returns to the group selection and the calibration
is completed.
• yes
This option must be selected, if a further calibration point is to be entered or changed. The
Gammapilot M returns to the "calibr. point" (*1A) function and the next point can be
entered or changed.

Endress+Hauser 31
"Safety settings" (*2) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

5 "Safety settings" (*2) function group

On-site display

Group selection *2

 Safety settings
Temp. compensation.

Linearization

5.1 "Output on alarm" (*20)

On-site display Meaning

outp. on alarm *20 This function determines what value the output of the Gamma-
pilot M assumes in the event of an alarm condition.
MIN -10% 3.6 mA

MAX 110% 22 mA

Hold

Output on alarm
(*20) PROFIBUS PA
4 to 20 mA with HART
FOUNDATION Fieldbus

MIN 3.6 mA -99999

MAX 22 mA +99999
Hold The last measured value is held

User-specific As defined in "Output on alarm"

Not possible
(can only be selected for HART devices) (*21)

5.2 "Output on alarm" (*21)

On-site display Meaning

outp. on alarm *21 This function is used to specify what user-specific value the
current output should assume in the event of an alarm condi-
22.00 mA tion. The value is entered in mA. This function is only available
for HART devices.
It is only active if the "user-specific" option has been selected
in the "output on alarm" (*20) function.
Range of values: 3.6 to 22 mA

32 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Safety settings" (*2) function group

5.3 SIL locking (for level limit detection 200/400 mm

PVT scintillator (only for HART)
SIL locking ("Security locking" (022) function) is in the "Safety settings function group" (S2).
It can only be accessed in the "stand alone" operating mode in conjunction with the "level
limit" measurement method (see also "Requirements for locking").
As soon as SIL locking or unlocking is started, communication via the display or via FieldCare
is significantly slower. This is due to internal readback and parameter validation. However,
this only applies during the locking or unlocking phase and does not affect the measurement
itself.
In the event of locking, all the parameters are locked apart from the manufacturer reset
code. The parameters can only be viewed. Only the manufacturer reset code can be modified.
Locking starts by entering a four-digit password (1000 to 9999). Then there follows a
sequence of prompts for the most important parameters which all have to be confirmed. The
locking is concluded by confirming the password. The device is locked as soon as the
password is confirmed. The password is no longer visible. If a parameter or the password is
displayed incorrectly and thus the password or a parameter is not confirmed, the locking
procedure is aborted. The FMG60 is then in an unlocked state, as it was before the locking
procedure began.

Prerequisites for locking

The following parameters must be configured for locking to be possible:
1. Operatingmode = stand alone
2. Measurement mode = limit
3. Communication = HART Ex i or HART Ex e/d
4. Type of scintillator = PVT
5. Detector length = 200 or 400
6. SW version = 01.02.00 or 01.02.02
7. Radiation source = Cs or Co
Check whether the calibration values of the readback path are in the valid range.

5.3.1 List of the parameters to be confirmed

The following parameters can be modified by the user and thus they have to be confirmed.
The detector length must be confirmed since it cannot be defined with regard to the safety
function in the final check and is only in the service segment following any repair work.
1. Date
2. Beam type (standard or modulated2))
3. Source type (Cs or Co)
4. Output damping
5. Calibration date
6. Background pulse rate cps
7. Free calibration cps
8. Covered calibration cps
9. Gammagraphy hold time (can only be configured for standard beam type) or 10 for
modulated source
10. Output current  3.0 mA
11. Detector length

2) Modulated just for max. level limit detection

Endress+Hauser 33
"Safety settings" (*2) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

5.3.2 Function "security locking" (*22) (SIL unlocking)

The FMG60 can be unlocked in SIL2/3 mode by entering the password. If the password is
entered correctly, the FMG60 is unlocked. If an incorrect password is entered, the FGM60
goes back to the group selection. The device cannot be unlocked by switching the power ON
and then OFF.

On-site display

security locking *22

 unlocked
locked

device locked

Further options:
• unlocked
• locked
• device locked
• device unlocked

5.3.3 Forgotten your password?

The password cannot be viewed when the device is locked. For this reason, the password can
only be deleted by a manufacturer reset. At the same time, all the parameters are set to
default values and the calibration data are deleted. The device then has an error current.

5.3.4 Function "password" (*23) (security password)

The password is always a four-digit number in the range from 1000 to 9999. Other values
are not valid. After locking, 0000 is displayed. The password itself is not.

On-site display

password *23

34 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Safety settings" (*2) function group

5.3.5 Function "confirm Iout" (*24) (output current during locking)

The output current is shifted to <3.6, typically 2.4 mA, by means of the 2nd switch-off path
by selecting "Device locked" so the user can clearly see that the FMG60 has actually been
locked.
The user must explicitly confirm this current value. The FMG60 is only set to the "device
locked" state and the current output is only released again once the system has successfully
run through the entire locking sequence. If the FMG60 is switched off and then on again
during the locking process, the FMG60 resumes normal, unlocked operation. If a parameter
is not confirmed, the FMG60 remains in the "device locked" state. The device can be switched
to "unlocked" during the locking process; it then operates in the normal measuring mode. The
"device locked" state can also be disabled by means of a total reset (7864) which also deletes
all the calibration parameters, however. The correct locking state can be determined using
the "partial stroke test".

On-site display
confirm Iout *24

 not valid
valid

5.3.6 Function "confirm sequence" (*25) (display check)

To verify that numbers are shown properly on the display, the sequence of numbers
> 0123456789 .- < is the first element to be confirmed on the display. The user must
confirm the numbers are displayed correctly. If an error occurs in how the numbers are
displayed, the user must abort the locking action.

On-site display

confirm sequence *24

>0123456789 .-<
 not valid
valid

5.3.7 Function "confirm backgr." (*26)

On-site display Meaning

confirm backgr. *26 Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.
 not valid
valid

Endress+Hauser 35
"Safety settings" (*2) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

5.3.8 Function "confirm cal." (*27)

On-site display Meaning

confirm cal. *27 Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.

 not valid

Further options:
• Not valid
• Valid

5.3.9 Function "confirm source" (*28)

On-site display Meaning

confirm source *28 Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.

 not valid

Further options:
• Not valid
• Valid

5.3.10 Function "confirm time" (*29) (output damping)

On-site display Meaning

confirm time *29 Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.

 not valid

Further options:
• Not valid
• Valid

5.3.11 Function "confirm date" (*2A)

On-site display Meaning

confirm date *2A Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.

 not valid

Further options:
• Not valid
• Valid

36 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Safety settings" (*2) function group

5.3.12 Function "confirm length" (*2B)

On-site display Meaning

confirm length *2B Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.
 not valid

valid

5.3.13 Function "confirm password" (*2C)

On-site display Meaning

confirm password *2C Select "valid" if the data displayed (see _ _ _ _ _ _ ) match the
data you entered. Select "not valid" if you want to abort SIL
locking.
 not valid
valid

5.3.14 Function "password" (*2D) (unlock password)

The password is always a four-digit number in the range from 1000 to 9999. Other values
are not valid. To unlock the device, enter the the four-digit number password.

On-site display

password *2D

Endress+Hauser 37
"Temperature compensation" (*3) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

6 "Temperature compensation" (*3)

function group

On-site display

Group selection *3

 Temp. compensation
Linearization

Gammagraphy

6.1 Basic principles

6.1.1 Function of the temperature compensation

The temperature compensation is designed
to compensate for density changes caused by
1
the influence of temperature.
The temperature compensation requires a
PT-100 temperature sensor (4-wire version) 2
to be connected to the Gammapilot M.

A0018716

1 PT-100
2 Gammapilot M

6.1.2 Calculation of the compensated density

If the temperature compensation is activated, the measured density is converted to a
reference temperature Tref, which can be defined by the user.
The conversion is performed according to the following formula:

ref =  + (Tref - T) tk1 + (Tref - T)2 tk2

where:
• ref : the displayed density
•  : the measured density
• Tref : the references temperature (as specified by the user)
• T : the current temperature of the measured medium as given by the PT-100 sensor
• tk1 : the linear temperature coefficient
• tk2 : the square temperature coefficient

38 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Temperature compensation" (*3) function group

6.1.3 Calculation of the temperature coefficients

The temperature coefficients tk1 and tk2 are not directly
entered by the user. Instead, two or three pairs of values
"temperature - density" are entered, from which the r
Gammapilot M calculates the coefficients automatically. 1

• If the reference temperature (1) and the lowest

temperature (2) have been entered, the Gammapilot M 2
calculates the linear temperature coefficient tk1. In this
case, the square temperature coefficient is tk2=0.
• If additionally the highest temperature (3) is entered, 3
the Gammapilot M calculates the square coefficient tk2
as well. Thus a square compensation will be performed,
which is usually more precise than a linear T
compensation.
The density of the individual pairs of values can be taken A0018717

from reference books or determined in the laboratory. 1 reference temperature Tref

2 lowest temperature
The values for water are given in the following table. 3 highest temperature (optional)

Example: Density of water

T [°C] T [°F]  [g/cm3] T [°C] T [°F]  [g/cm3]

0 32.0 0.9998 34 93.2 0.9942

2 35.6 0.9999 36 96.8 0.9934

4 39.2 1.000 38 100.4 0.9928

6 42.8 0.9999 40 104.0 0.9922

8 46.4 0.9998 45 113.0 0.9902

10 50.0 0.9997 50 122.0 0.9880

12 53.6 0.9994 55 131.0 0.9857

14 57.2 0.9992 60 140.0 0.9832

16 60.8 0.9989 65 149.0 0.9806

18 64.4 0.9985 70 158.0 0.9778

20 68.0 0.9982 75 167.0 0.9748

22 71.6 0.9977 80 176.0 0.9718

24 75.2 0.9972 85 185.0 0968.6

26 78.8 0.9966 90 194.0 0.6953

28 82.4 0.9961 95 203.0 0.9618

30 86.0 0.9957 100 212.0 0.9584

32 89.6 0.9949

Endress+Hauser 39
"Temperature compensation" (*3) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

6.2 Excerpt from the operating menu

The following excerpt from the operating menu explains how the temperature
compensation is configured. The individual functions are explained in the sections below.

*30
temp. compens.
0: not used
2
1: used
2: clear

0, 1 Group
selection

*31 *32 *33 *34 *35 *36

select temp. temp. dens. linear square next
0: reference coeff. coeff. point 0
1: lowest (display (display 0: no
2: highest field) field) 1: yes

6.3 "Temperature compensation" (*30)

On-site display Meaning

temp. compens. *30 The temperature compensation can be switched on and off in
this function.
 not used
used

clear

Options:
• not used
The temperature compensation is not active in this mode. The measured density is
displayed without correction. The entered pairs of values (temperature - density) can be
displayed but not edited.
• used
The temperature compensation is active in this mode. The corrected density is displayed.
Pairs of values (temperature - density) can be entered, displayed and edited.
• clear
The temperature compensation is deactivated by this selection. At the same time any pairs
of values (temperature - density) are deleted.

40 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Temperature compensation" (*3) function group

6.4 "Select temperature" (*31)

On-site display Meaning

select temp. *31 This function determines which temperature will be entered in
the following functions (see diagram,  ä 38).
 reference
lowest

highest

Options:
• reference
the desired reference temperature
• lowest
the lowest temperature
• highest
the highest temperature

6.5 "Temperature" (*32)

On-site display Meaning

Temperatur *32 The temperature of the selected pair of values is specified in
this function. The unit for the temperature input can be set in
25 °C
the "temperature unit" (*C6) function.

6.6 "Density" (*33)

On-site display Meaning

Density *33 The density of the selected pair of values is specified in this
function.
0,9670 g/cm3 The unit for the temperature input can be set in the "density
unit" (*06) function.

6.7 "Linear coefficient" (*34)

On-site display Meaning

linear coeff. *34 The linear temperature coefficient tk1, is displayed in this
function.
0,0
"0.0" is displayed if fewer than two pairs of values have been
entered. Temperature compensation is impossible in this case.
The unit is: g/(cm3K).
This function serves for plausibility checks only and cannot be
edited.

Endress+Hauser 41
"Temperature compensation" (*3) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

6.8 "Square coefficient" (*35)

On-site display Meaning

square coeff. *35 The square temperature coefficient tk2 is displayed in this
function.
0,0 "0.0" is displayed if not all three pairs of values have yet been
entered. Only linear temperature compensation is possible in
this case. The unit is: g/cm3K2).
This function serves for plausibility check only and cannot be
edited.

6.9 "Next point" (*36)

On-site display Meaning

next point *36 This functions is used to specify, if a further pair of values is to
be entered or not.
 no
yes

Options:
• no
No further pair of values will be entered. Instead, the Gammapilot M returns to the
"temperature compensation" (*30) function, from where "ESC" leads back to the group
selection.
• yes
After selecting this option, the Gammapilot M returns to the "select temperature" (*31)
function, where the next pair of values can be selected for entering.

42 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Linearization" (*4) function group

7 "Linearization" (*4) function group

On-site display

Group selection *4

 Linearization
Gammagraphy

Output

7.1 Linearization for level measurements

7.1.1 Linearization modes, linearization table

For level measurements the linearization defines the relationship between the count rate
and the level (0% to 100%). The Gammapilot M provides different linearization modes.
On the one hand, there are preprogrammed linearization modes for frequently occurring
standard applications ("linear", "standard"). On the other hand it is possible to enter a
linearization table, which exactly suits the respective application. The linearization table
consists of up to 32 pairs of values "normalized pulse rate : level). The linearization table
must be monotonically decreasing, which means that a higher pulse rate always must be
assigned a lower level.

Example

L (%)
100%

0% IN
0 1000

A0018725

Example of a linearization table for level measurements (consisting of 6 pairs of values);

N: number of the pair of values; L: level; I: measured pulse rate; IN : normalized pulse rate

N (*41) L (*42) I IN (*43)

1 0 2431 1000

2 35 1935 792

3 65 1283 519
4 83 642 250

5 92 231 77

6 100 46 0

Endress+Hauser 43
"Linearization" (*4) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

7.1.2 Normalized pulse rate

It is important to enter the normalized pulse rate into the linearization table, which is
different from the actually measured pulse rate. The relationship between these two
quantities is given by:

I - I0
IN = x 1000
Imax - I0

where:
•I0: the minimum pulse rate (i.e. the pulse rate of the full calibration)
•Imax: the maximum pulse rate (i.e. the pulse rate of the empty calibration)
•I: the measured pulse rate
•IN: the normalized pulse rate
The normalized pulse rate is used because it does not depend on the activity of the radiation
source:
•For L = 0% (vessel empty) always IN = 1000.
•For L = 100% (vessel full) always IN = 0.

7.1.3 Methods of entering the linearization table

Automatic linearization
For automatic entering of the linearization point, the vessel must be filled to the required
level. The radiation must be switched on. The Gammapilot M automatically records the pulse
rate. The associated level is entered by the user.

Manual linearization
If during the commissioning of the Gammapilot M one or more points of the linearization
table cannot be realized (e.g. because the vessel cannot be sufficiently filled or emptied), the
table must be entered manually.
That means, not only the level but also the associated pulse rate must be entered by the user.
For details concerning the calculation of the count rate please refer to your Endress+Hauser
sales organization.

44 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Linearization" (*4) function group

7.1.4 Excerpt from the operating menu

The following excerpt from the operating menu gives an overview of the linearization for
level measurements. The individual functions are explained in the following sections.

*40 Group
0, 1, 4, "ESC"
Linearization selection
0: linear
1: standard
2: define table
3: table on
4: clear table

2, 3 0
0 E
*41 *42 *43 *11 *44 *4B
table no. Input level linearis avg. pulse norm. pulse next point
"1" to "32" [%] 0: stop/edit rate rate 0: no
1: start -1: not cali- 1: yes
brated

1 1

7.1.5 "Linearization (*40)

On-site display Meaning

Linearisierung *40 This function is used to select the linearization mode for level
measurements and to switch a linearization table on or off.
linear

standard

define table

A B
L L

IN IN

D
C

L
L

IN
IN

A0018246

A Linear IN Pulse rate (counts per second, c/s)

B Standard L Level (%)
C, D Linearization table entered by the user

Endress+Hauser 45
"Linearization" (*4) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

Further options:
• linear
In this mode the output depends linearly on the pulse rate. In the operating modes "slave"
and "end slave" (see the "operating mode" (*04) function) this mode is the standard
setting and cannot be edited.
• standard
In this mode the level is calculated from a standard linearization curve. It is valid for the
following situation:
– The measurement is performed on a vertically cylindric vessel, the wall thickness of
which is less than 30 mm (1.18 in) throughout.
– Only one radiation source is used.
– The radiation exit angle is less than 30°.
• define table
Entering a new linearization table is started by this selection. The entering will then be
performed by the following functions:
– "table no." (*41)
– "input level" (*42)
– "calibration" (*15)
– "avg. pulse rate" (*11)
– "linearization" (*43)
– "next point" (*4A)
• table on
A table entered is switched on with this option. Otherwise it will not be used for the
calculation of the desired value. After switching on the table, the Gammapilot M enters
the "table-no" (*41) function. Return to the group selection by pressing "Esc" (O and S
simultaneously) twice.
• clear table
This selection deletes an existing linearization table. The linearization mode is set to
"linear".
NOTICE
When selecting the options "linear" or "standard", an existing linearization table
becomes deactivated but is not deleted. The table can be switched on again by selecting
"table on". The table is not fully cleared until the "clear" option has been selected.

7.1.6 "Table no." (*41)

On-site display Meaning

table no. *41 This function is used to select a point of the linearization table
for entering, viewing or editing. The following functions will
1 refer to the selected point.

Range of values: 01...32

! CAUTION
Table points must also be entered as a normalized pulse rate for the empty and full
calibration. If these points are missing, the calibration cannot be performed for the
entire measuring range.

46 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Linearization" (*4) function group

7.1.7 "Input level" (*42)

On-site display Meaning

input level *42 The level of the respective linearization point is entered or dis-
played in this function. Possible values range from 0% to
10% 100%.

7.1.8 "Linearization" (*43)

On-site display Meaning

calibration *43 This function is used to start the automatic entering of the
selected linearization point.
stop/edit

Options:
• stop/edit
This option must be selected if
– the linearization point is not to be entered (e.g. because it has already been entered).
The pulse rate of the linearization point is then displayed in the following function,
"normalized pulse rate" (*44). If required, this value can be changed.
– the calibration point is to entered manually. The Gammapilot M changes to the "avg.
pulse rate" (*44) function.
• start
This option is used to start automatic entering of the linearization point. The
Gammapilot M then changes to the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function.
NOTICE
The "FieldCare" has a table editor which makes it easy to enter the linearization table.
In this editor, linearization points which are not to be used must have a normalized
pulse rate of "-1". An input field containing the value "-1" can only be left by "Esc".

Endress+Hauser 47
"Linearization" (*4) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

7.1.9 "Avg. pulse rate" (*11)

On-site display Meaning

Avg. pulse rate *11 The average pulse rate is displayed in this function (after selec-
tion of "start" in the previous function). Initially, this value fluc-
2548 cps tuates (because of the decay statistics), but due to the integra-
tion it reaches an average value in the course of time. The
longer the averaging is performed the lower are the remaining
fluctuations.

c/s "E"

t
A0018118

If the value is sufficiently stable, the function can be left by pressing "E".
Thereafter, the Gammapilot M changes to the "calibration" (*43) function. Select "stop/edit"
to stop the averaging procedure. The value is then automatically normalized and transmitted
to the "normalized pulse rate" (*44) function.

NOTICE
Normalized Pulse rate
‣ The maximum integration time is 1000 s. After this time, the value is automatically
transmitted to the "normalized pulse rate" (*44).
‣ The integration is not terminated by pressing "E" in the "avg. pulse rate" (*11) function. It
is continued until the selection of "stop/edit" in the "calibration" (*43) function. This may
result in a slight deviation between the last displayed average pulse rate and the final
"normalized pulse rate (*44).

7.1.10 "Normalized pulse rate" (*44)

On-site display Meaning

norm. pulse rate *44 The pulse rate of the respective linearization point is displayed
in this function. The displayed value must be confirmed by
876 cps
pressing "E". "-1" indicates, that no pulse rate is present yet for
this point.
In this case, there are two options:
• either return to the "calibration" (*43) function and restart
the integration
• or enter a known or calculated normalized pulse rate
(manual linearization).

NOTICE
Due to the normalization, the "normalized pulse rate" does not match the "average
pulse rate". The normalized pulse rate must always be between 0 and 1000 c/s.

48 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Linearization" (*4) function group

7.1.11 "Next point" (*4B)

On-site display Meaning

next point *4B This function is used to specify, if a further linearization point
is to be entered or not
no

yes

Options:
• no
This option must be selected if no further linearization point is to be entered. In this case,
the Gammapilot M returns to the "linearization" (*40) function, where the table can be
switched on.
• yes
This option must be selected if a further linearization point is to be entered. In this case,
the Gammapilot M returns to the "table no." (*41) function, where the next point can be
selected.

Endress+Hauser 49
"Linearization" (*4) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

7.2 Linearization for concentration measurements

7.2.1 Units, linearization table

For concentrations measurements, the linearization defines the relationship between the
measured density and the concentration.
The Gammapilot M provides different units for the concentration measurement.
• For some of these units (e.g. °Brix, °Baumé, °API), the relationship between density and
concentration is predefined. If one of these units is used, nor further specifications and no
linearization table are required.
• There are also units (e.g. % mass, % volume, mass per volume) without a predefined
relationship between density and concentration. If using one of these units, a linearization
table must be entered.
The linearization table consists of up to 32 pairs of values "density : concentration".
The linearization table must be monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing, in
such a way that a single-valued relationship between density and concentration is
achieved.

Example

C (%)
50

40

30

20

10

0 r (g/cm3)
1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2,0 2,2
A0018732

Example of a linearization table for concentration measurements (consisting of 6 pairs of values);

N: table no. (*48); : density (*49); C: concentration (*4A)

N  C
1 1,25 0

2 1,36 10

3 1,49 20
4 1,65 30

5 1,85 40

6 2,11 50

50 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Linearization" (*4) function group

7.2.2 Determination of the pairs of values

The pairs of values can be:
• determined by sample measurements
• extracted from reference books
• or calculated from one of the following equations.

Solids content (% mass):

1 - (c/) c
C= x 100% 
1 - (c/s) C
 cs)
100%

Solids content (% volume):

 - c C
C= x 100% c + (s - c)
s - c 

Solids content (mass per volume):

 - c
C= c + C x (1 - s / c)
s /c)

In these equations
• C: the concentration (to be entered into the linearization table)
• : the measured density (to be entered into the linearization table)
• c: the density of the carrier liquid
• S: the density of the solid

Endress+Hauser 51
"Linearization" (*4) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

7.2.3 Extract from the operating menu

The following extract from the operating menu shows how the linearization for
concentration measurements is configured. The individual functions are explained in the
following sections.

*45
unit selection
0,1
0: density unit
1: customer unit
1 Group
selection
*46
customer unit
0: g/cm3 ... 0...7
12: g dm/l
13: (without unit)

8...1 2,
3 "ESC"

*47 *48 *49 *4A *4B

linearization table no. input density input con- next point
0,1
0: define table (1...32) centr. 0: no
1: table on 1: yes
2: clear table

7.2.4 "Unit selection" (*45)

On-site display Meaning

unit selection *45 This function defines, if the measured value is displayed in the
density unit or if it is converted to a concentration (i.e. a custo-
 density unit mer unit).
customer unit

Options:
• density unit
If this option is selected, the measured value will be displayed in the "density unit" (*06)
without conversion to a concentration.
• customer unit
If this option is selected, the measured value will be converted before being displayed. The
unit can be selected in the "customer unit" (*46) function.

52 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Linearization" (*4) function group

7.2.5 "Customer unit" (*46)

On-site display Meaning

customer unit *46 The desired concentration unit is selected in this function.

 g/cm3 For the options 0 to 7 the relationship between density and

g/l concentration is predefined. Therefore no linearization table is
required. For the options 8 to 13 a linearization table must be
lb/gal entered.

Further options:
• g/cm3
• g/l
• lb/gal; [1 g/cm3 = 8.345 lb/gal]
• lb/ft3; [1 g/cm3 = 62,428 lb/ft3]
• °Brix; [1 °Brix = [270 (1 - 1/x)]
• °Baumé; [1 °Baumé = 144.3 (1 - 1/x)]
• °API; [1°API = 131.5 (1.076/x - 1)]
• °Twaddell; [1 °Twaddell = 200 (x - 1)]
•%
• % mass (for conversion see formula)
• % volume (for conversion see formula)
• solid/volume (for conversion see formula)
• g Trm./l
• (without unit)
"x" refers to the density in g/cm3. The formula indicates how many degrees this density
corresponds to.

7.2.6 "Linearization" (*47)

On-site display Meaning

linearization *47 This function is used to start the entering of a linearization

table. Also, an existing table can be switched on in this func-
 define table tion or can be deleted if it is no longer needed.
table on

clear table

Options:
• define table
Entering a new linearization table is started by this selection. The entering will then be
performed by the following functions:
– table no. (*48)
– "input density" (*49)
– "input concentration" (*4A)
– "next point" (*4B)
• table on
A table entered is switched on with this option. Otherwise it will not be used for the
calculation of the desired value. After switching on the table, the Gammapilot M enters
the "table-No" (*48) function. Return to the group selection by pressing "Esc" (O and S
simultaneously) twice.
• clear table
This selection deletes an existing linearization table and a completely new table can be
entered.

Endress+Hauser 53
"Linearization" (*4) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

7.2.7 "Table no." (*48)

On-site display Meaning

table no. *48 This function is used to select a point of the linearization table
for entering, viewing or editing. The following functions will
1 refer to the selected point.

7.2.8 "Input density (*49)

On-site display Meaning

input density *49 The density of the respective linearization point is entered into
this function. The unit is as specified in the "density unit" (*06)
0,987 g/cm3 function.

7.2.9 "Input concentration" (*4A)

On-site display Meaning

input concentr. *4A The concentration of the respective linearization point is ente-
red into this function. The unit is as specified in the "customer
0,67%
unit" (*46) function.

7.2.10 "Next point" (*4B)

On-site display Meaning

next point *4B This function is used to specify, if a further linearization point
is to be entered or not.
no

yes

Options:
• no
This option must be selected if no further linearization point is to be entered.
Then, the Gammapilot M returns to the "linearization" (*47) function, where the table
can be switched on.
• yes
This option must be selected if a further linearization point is to be entered.
Then, the Gammapilot M returns to the "table no." (*48) function, where the next point
can be selected.

54 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Gammagraphy" (*5) function group

8 "Gammagraphy" (*5) function group

This function is for detecting interference radiation which interrupts the measurement.

On-site display

Group selection *5

 gammagraphy
output

display

8.1 Basic principles

The gammagraphy detection of the Gammapilot M is configured in this function group. It is
the objective of the gammagraphy detection to detect interference radiation which typically
occurs within the plant during material testing by gammagraphy.
Without gammagraphy detection, this interference radiation would result in too small a
measured value (up to 0% or min). With gammagraphy detection on the other hand, the
output assumes a definite value (e.g. -10%, 110% , hold last value) in this case.

0,0 % rmin

A0018736

Influence of gammagraphy on radiometric level measurements

Endress+Hauser 55
"Gammagraphy" (*5) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

8.1.1 Gammagraphy criteria

Normally, gammagraphy radiation occurs only during a short period. Therefore, the
Gammapilot M uses the following two criteria to detect it:
1. The pulse rate at the detector rises or falls very abruptly ("span time" (*51) function).
2. The pulse rate at the detector exceeds the maximum or falls below the minimum value.
These values are determined by the "measuring mode" (*05) function:

"measuring mode" (*05) minimum pulse rate maximum pulse rate

• level
"full calibration" (*16) "empty calibration" (*18)
• limit

• density pulse rate associated with pulse rate associated with

• concentration "maximum density" (*08) "minimum density" (*07)

NOTICE
In general gammagraphy increases the pulse rate. But it might also decrease the pulse rate,
if the detector "goes blind" due to excessive radiation. Therefore, too low pulse rates as well
as too high ones are considered as gammagraphy criteria.

8.1.2 Gammagraphy detection for limit-detection applications

For horizontally mounted detectors, as they
are usually applied for limit detection, the
gammagraphy criteria do not work properly.
In order to use the gammagraphy detection
in limit-detection applications, it is advisable
to use a short transmitter (200 mm) and to
mount it vertically at the height of the
desired limit.

A0018738

NOTICE
In the case of detectors mounted horizontally, as usually used for level limit
applications, speed monitoring (1st gammagraphy criterion) cannot be used properly
due to the narrow measuring range. In such instances the "span time" (*51) should be
set to "0 s". This switches off the monitoring. Only the second gammagraphy criterion
is then used.

8.1.3 Response to gammagraphy radiation being detected

If one of the gammagraphy criteria is fulfilled, the output of the Gammapilot M assumes the
value which has been defined by the user in the "output gammagraphy" (*53) function and a
warning message 3) is produced. After the period defined by the "hold time" (*54) function,
normal measuring operation is resumed.
If after the hold time the maximum (or minimum) pulse rate is still overshot (or undershot),
an alarm message is produced.

3) For the meaning of "warning" and "alarm" messages refer to Operating Instructions BA00236F/00/EN.

56 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Gammagraphy" (*5) function group

8.2 "Gammagraphy detection" (*50)

On-site display Meaning

gammagr. det. *50 The gammagraphy detection can be switched on and off in this
function.
 off
on

Options:
• off
In this mode the gammagraphy detection is not active.
• hold
In this mode the gammagraphy detection is active. The gammagraphy criteria must be
configured.

8.3 "Span time" (*51)

On-site display
span time *51

999 s

This function is used to specify the minimum

L
time TE, which is needed to completely rmin / 100%
empty the vessel from 100% of the
measuring range to 0%. For density and
concentration measurements the minimum
time passing between maximum and
minimum density must be entered. From rmax / 0%
t
this time the Gammapilot M calculates a TE
maximum rate of change of the level. A0018740

Whenever this rate is exceeded during the

measurement, the Gammapilot M will
indicate gammagraphy radiation.

NOTICE
The span time can be set between 0 and 999 s. 0 s means that the pulse rate change
speed is not monitored. It can be useful to set the span time shorter than the actual
span time for tanks with agitators so that the rapid changes in pulse rate caused by the
stirring action do not result in an error message.

Endress+Hauser 57
"Gammagraphy" (*5) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

8.4 "Sensitivity " (*52)

On-site display Meaning

sensitivity *52 This function determines, how sensitive the gammagraphy

detection is concerning overshooting of the maximum and
5 undershooting of the minimum pulse rate. Values between "3"
(highest sensitivity) and "20" (lowest sensitivity) can be ente-
red.

Selecting the sensitivity value

The suitable sensitivity value strongly depends on the process and ambient conditions.
Therefore it is impossible to give a general rule for its selection. However, one can take the
following principles as a guideline:
•For homogeneous materials with plain and calm surfaces a low value (3 to 8) should be
chosen. Gammagraphy radiation will then be detected with high probability.
•For inhomogeneous materials and turbulent surfaces a high value (12 to 20) should be
chosen, because otherwise random fluctuations of the pulse rate might be misleadingly
interpreted as gammagraphy incidents.
•If the Gammapilot M occasionally reports gammagraphy, although no gammagraphy
radiation is present, it is advisable to slightly increase the value.
•If the Gammapilot M does not recognize existent gammagraphy radiation, it is advisable to
slightly decrease the value.

A B

c/s c/s

3…8 t 12…20 t
A0018741

A Low values for plain, calm surfaces and homogeneous materials

B Large values for turbulent surfaces and in homogeneous materials

58 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Gammagraphy" (*5) function group

8.5 "Output gammagraphy" (*53)

On-site display Meaning

outp. on gammagr. *53 This function defines, which value the output assumes, if gam-
magraphy radiation is detected.
MIN -10% 3,8mA

MAX 110% 20,5mA In safety-related applications, the output current for gamma-
graphy is always 3.8 mA.
hold

Output at gammagraphy

PROFIBUS PA
4 to 20 mA with HART
Foundation Fieldbus

MIN 3.8 mA -10%

MAX 20.5 mA +110%

hold The last measured value is held.

8.6 "Hold time" (*54)

On-site display Meaning

hold time *54 This function defines how long the measurement is interrupted
in the case of a gammagraphy incident. During this time the
300 s output assumes the value defined in the "output gammagraphy"
(*53) function. The hold time should be slightly longer than
the maximum duration of a gammagraphy measurement.
If after the hold time the maximum (or minimum) pulse rate is
still overshot (or undershot), an alarm message is produced.

1 2
A c/s

B [mA]

3.8
t
3
A0018742

A Typical curve of pulse rates

B Output signal
1 Start of the gammagraphy measurement
2 End of the gammagraphy measurement
3 "hold time" (*54)

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"Gammagraphy" (*5) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

8.7 "Gammagraphy count" (*55)

On-site display Meaning

gammagr. count. *55 This function displays the number of gammagraphy incidents
which have occurred since the commissioning or since the last
11 reset.

8.8 "Gammagraphy count" (*56)

On-site display Meaning

gammagr. count. *56 The gammagraphy counter can be reset by this function.
 keep
clear

Options:
• keep
The value of the gammagraphy counter is kept.
• clear
The gammagraphy counter is reset to "0".

60 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group

9 "Output" (*6) or
"profibus param." (*6) function group

On-site display On-site display

Group selection *6 Group selection *6

 output  profibus param.

display display

diagnostics diagnostics

9.1 "Communication address" (*60) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

commun. address *60 Enter the communication address for the device with this func-
tion. Possible addresses
0
• for standard operation: 0
• for multidrop operation: 1 ... 15
The output current is constant at 4 mA in multidrop mode, but
it can be changed to a different value by the "fixed current
value" (*64) function. In safety-related applications, the HART
communication address is always 0.

9.2 "Instrument address" (*60) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

instrument addr. *60 Used to define the bus address of the device. Default:
• 126
126 This address can be used to integrate the device into an exis-
ting PROFIBUS PA network. After this, the address must be
changed before further devices can be connected to the net-
work.

9.3 "No. of preambles" (*61) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

no. of preambles *61 Enter the number of preambles for the HART protocol with this
function. An increase in the value is advisable for lines with
5 communication problems

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"Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

9.4 "Ident number" (*61) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

ident number *61 Use this function to select the ident number of the device.

 manufacturer
profile

Options:
• manufacturer
The manufacturer-specific ident number is uses: 1548 hex (PNO-registered)
• profile
The ident number of the profiles 3.0 is used: 9700 hex (device with one AI block)

9.5 "Low output limit" (*62) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

low output limit *62 The output of negative measuring values can be suppressed
with this function.
 off In safety-related applications, the "low output limit" is always
on "off"

Options:
• off
minimum output: -10% (3.8 mA)
• on
minimum output: 0% (4 mA)

A B
[mA] [mA]
100% 20 100% 20

0% 4 0% 4
3.8
-10 0 100 [%] -10 0 100 [%]
L00-FMR2xxxx-14-00-06-en-021

A Low output limit: off

B Low output limit: on

9.6 "Set unit to bus" (*62) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

set unit to bus *62 After confirming this function, the unit of the measured
variable is taken over in the AI block (PV scale -> Out scale).
 confirm This function must always be confirmed after changing the
unit.

62 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group

9.7 "Current output mode" (*63) (only for HART only)

On-site display Meaning

current outp. mode *63 In this function you specify the mode of the current output.

 standard
current turn down

fixend current

Options:
• standard
The total measuring range [0 ... 100%] of [min...max] will be mapped to the current
interval [4...20 mA].
• current turn down
Only a part of the measuring range will be mapped to the current interval [4...20 mA]. Use
the functions "4mA value" (*68) and "20mA value" (*69) to define the concerning
range.
• fixed current
The current is fixed. The measured value is transmitted by the HART signal only. The value
of the current is defined in the "fixed current value" (*64) function.

[mA] 1 [mA]
20 20
2 3

4 4

0 100 [%] 0 100 [%]

A0018744

1 Current turn down

2 Standard
3 Fixed current

9.8 "Out value" (*63)(only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

out value *63 Displays the output of the AI block.

9.9 "Fixed current value" (*64) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

fixed cur. value *64 Set the fixed current value with this function. This entry is
necessary when you have selected the "fixed current" option in
4.00 mA the "current output mode" (*63) function.

Range of values: 3.8 to 20.5 mA

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"Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

9.10 "Out status" (*64) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

out status *64 Displays the status of the output value (for the meaning of the
status refer to Operating Instructions BA00329F/00/EN).

9.11 "Simulation" (*65)

On-site display Meaning

simulation *65 The simulation function can be used to test if the linearization,
the output signal and the current output are working properly.
 Sim. off
There are the following simulation possibilities (see figure
Sim. pulse rate below).

Sim. level

ENDRESS + HAUSER

– + E

0...100%
2 D
A 4...20 mA

1 3 4
A0018746

1 Simulation pulse rate

2 Signal evaluation
3 Simulation level, simulation density, simulation concentration
4 Simulation current (for HART only)

Further options:
• sim. off
The simulation is switched off.
• sim. pulse rate
A pulse rate (counts/second) can be entered into the "simulation value" (*66) function.
• sim. level
This option is available for level measurements and limit detection only. If it has been
selected, a level (percentage) can be entered into the "simulation value" (*66) function.
• sim. density
This option is available for density measurements only. If it has been selected, a density
can be entered into the "simulation value" (*66) function.
• sim. concentration
This option is available for concentration measurements only. If it has been selected, a
concentration can be entered into the "simulation value" (*66) function.
• sim. current (for HART devices only)
A current value (mA) can be entered into the "simulation value" (*66) function.

64 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group

9.12 "Simulation value" (*66)

On-site display

simulation value *66

2000 c/s

Depending on the selected "simulation" (*65), the following can be entered into this
function:
• a pulse rate
• a level
• a density
• a concentration
• a current
During the simulation the following functions assume a value according to the entered value:
• the measured value (level, density or concentration)
• for HART devices: the "output current" (*67) function
• for HART devices: the actual current at the output

9.13 "Output current" (*67) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

output current *67 This function displays the present output current.
12,38 mA

9.14 "2nd cyclic value" (*67) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

2nd cyclic value *67 Use this function to select the second cyclic value.

 Avg. pulse rate

medium temp.

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"Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

9.15 "4mA value" (*68) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

4 mA value *68 In this function specify the measured value (level, density or
concentration), at which the output current should be 4 mA.
10% This value will be used if you choose the option "current turn
down" in the "current output mode" (*63) function.

NOTICE
The unit for the "4mA value" (*68) and the "20mA value" (*69) depends on the
measuring mode:

"Measuring mode" (*05) unit for "4mA value" (*68) and "20mA value" (*69)

• level
%
• limit

density "density unit" (*06)

concentration "customer unit" (*46)

9.16 "select V0H0" (*68) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

select V0H0 *68 Determines, which value is indicated on the display.

 measured value
displayed value

Options:
• measured value (default)
Depending on the measuring mode (*05): level, density or concentration.
• display value
(a value read from the PLC (*69))

66 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Output" (*6) or "profibus param." (*6) function group

9.17 "20 mA value" (*69) (only for HART)

On-site display Meaning

20 mA value *69 In this function specify the measured value (level, density or
concentration), at which the output current should be 20 mA.
90% This value will be used if you choose the option "current turn
down" in the "current output mode" (*63) function.

NOTICE
The unit for the "4mA value" (*68) and the "20mA value" (*69) depends on the
measuring mode:

"Measuring mode" (*05) unit for "4mA value" (*68) and "20mA value" (*69)

• level
%
• limit

density "density unit" (*06)

concentration "customer unit" (*46)

9.18 "Display value" (*69) (only for PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

display value *69 This field can be set externally, e.g. from a PLC. The value is
then shown on the display as the primary value if "select V0H0"
(068) = "display value".

Endress+Hauser 67
"Display" (*9) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

10 "Display" (*9) function group

On-site display

Group selection *9

 display
diagnostics

system

10.1 "Language" (*92)

On-site display Meaning

language *92 Selects the display language.

 English

Français

Español

Further options:
• English
• Deutsch
• Français
• Español
• Italiano
• Nederlands
• Katakana (Japanese)

10.2 "Back to home" (*93)

On-site display Meaning

back to home *93 This function defines the time, after which the Gammapilot M
automatically returns to the measured value display. The
900 s automatic return occurs if nothing is entered via the display
during the specified time. "0s" means that there is no automatic
return.
Range of values: 3 to 9999 s

NOTICE
This function is not active during the integration (which occurs during calibration or
linearization).

68 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Display" (*9) function group

10.3 "No. of decimals" (*95)

On-site display Meaning

no. of decimals *95 The number of decimals is specified in this function.

 x.xx
x.xxx

Further options:
•x
• x.x (default for level measurement and level limit detection)
• x.xx
• x.xxx
• x.xxxx (default for density and concentration measurement)

10.4 "Separation character" (*96)

On-site display Meaning

sep. character *96 The type of decimal separation character is selected in this
function.
.
,

10.5 "Display test" (*97)

On-site display Meaning

display test *97 This function can be used to check the display.

 off
on

Options:
• off
No display test is performed.
• on
All display pixels are switched on for a couple of seconds. If the whole display is dark, it is
working correctly.

Endress+Hauser 69
"Diagnostics" (*A) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

11 "Diagnostics" (*A) function group

On-site display

Group selection *A

 diagnostics
system

basic setup

11.1 "Present error" (*A0)

On-site display Meaning

present error *A0 The present error is displayed in this function.

If several errors are present, use O and S to page through the
background not error messages.
calibrated

A631

11.2 "Previous error" (*A1)

On-site display Meaning

previous error *A1 The last error (previous to the current one) is displayed in this
function.
simulation
switched on

A621

11.3 "Clear last error" (*A2)

On-site display Meaning

clear last error *A2 The "previous error" (*A1) can be deleted by this function.

 keep
clear

Options:
• keep
The previous error is kept.
• clear
The last error is deleted.

70 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "Diagnostics" (*A) function group

11.4 "Reset" (*A3)

Vor-Ort-Anzeige Bedeutung

reset *A3 The device can be set back to factory settings by this function.
A reset is recommended whenever a device with an unknown
0 history is to be used.
for reset code
see manual

Effects of the reset

• All parameters are reset to default values.
• The linearization table is deleted.
• The calibration data for the PT-100 sensor and for the current output (both within the
service menu) are kept.
• The real-time clock is not reset.
Performing a reset
The reset is performed by entering "333" into the "reset" (*A3) function.

! CAUTION
The reset affects the measurement. A completely new calibration is necessary after a
reset.

11.5 "Unlock parameter" (*A4)

On-site display Meaning

unlock parameter *A4 The device can be locked against unauthorized or accidental
changes by this function.
0

Locking the device

Enter a number  100 into the "unlock parameter" (*A4) function.
The symbol appears on the display. Changes are no longer possible.
Unlocking the device
When trying to change a parameter, the device changes to the "unlock parameter" (*A4)
function. Enter "100". Parameters can be changed again.
NOTICE
If the device cannot be unlocked in this way, it has been locked by a hardware locking
procedure. In this case it can only be unlocked by a hardware unlocking procedure. For
details refer to Operating Instructions BA00236F/00/EN.

11.6 "Present average pulse rate" (*A5)

On-site display Meaning

pres. avg. pulse rate *A5 This function displays the present average pulse rate.
The decay compensation is included. The pulse rate of the
84 cps background calibration has already been subtracted.
at integration time

w/o background

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"Diagnostics" (*A) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

11.7 "Average raw pulse rate" (*A6)

On-site display Meaning

avg. raw pulse rate *A6 This function displays the present average pulse rate. The
decay compensation is not included. The pulse rate of the
182 cps background calibration is not yet subtracted.
at integration time

not compensated

11.8 "Medium temperature" (*A7)

On-site display Meaning

medium temp. *A7 This function is required for density and concentration measu-
rements only. It displays the temperature T, which the connec-
26 °C
ted
PT-100 temperature sensor measures. This temperature is
used for the temperature compensation.

11.9 "Density value" (*A8)

On-site display Meaning

density value *A8 This function is required for density and concentration measu-
rements only. It displays the measured density. The tempera-
0.9650 g/cm3
ture compensation is not included in this value.

72 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "System parameters" (*C) function group

12 "System parameters" (*C) function group

On-site display

Group selection *C?

 system params
basic setup

calibration

12.1 "Tag no." (*C0) (HART)

On-site display Meaning

tag no. *C0 The tag no. can be defined in this function.
The tag no. may consist of up to 16 alphanumeric values.

12.2 "Device tag" (*C0) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus)

On-site display Meaning

device tag *C0 The tag no. can be defined in this function.

12.3 "Profile version" (*C1) (PROFIBUS PA)

On-site display Meaning

profile version *C1 Displays the PROFIBUS PA profile version of the device.

3,0

12.4 "device id" (*C1) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus)

On-site display Meaning

device id *C1 Displays the serial number (id) of the device.

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"System parameters" (*C) function group Gammapilot M FMG60

12.5 "Protocol+SW-No." (*C2)

On-site display Meaning

protocol+sw-no. *C2 This function displays the versions of protocol, hardware and
software.
V01.01.00 HART

Format:
Vxx.yy.zz prot
where:
– xx: the hardware version
– yy: the software version
– zz: the software revision
– prot: the communication protocol (HART, PROFIBUS PA or FOUNDATION Fieldbus)

12.6 "device revision" (*C3) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus)

On-site display Meaning

dev. rev. *C3 Displays the revision of the device software.

12.7 "Serial no." (*C4) (HART)

On-site display Meaning

serial no. *C4 This function displays the serial number of the device.

YMLNR01ID

12.8 "DD revision" (*C4) (FOUNDATION Fieldbus)

On-site display Meaning

dd rev. *C4 Displays the revision of the device's Device Description (DD).

74 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 "System parameters" (*C) function group

12.9 "Temperature unit" (*C6)

On-site display Meaning

temperature unit *C6 This function is used to select the temperature unit.

 °F
°C

12.10 "Calibration date" (*C7)

On-site display Meaning

calibration date *C7 This function is used to specify the calibration date.
17.11.04 10:30
Each of these values must be confirmed by "E" after it has been
entered

TT.MM.JJ HH:MM

NOTICE
In an automatic calibration, the Gammapilot automatically copies the date from its
internal realtime clock. In this case, the "calibration date" (*C7) function is a display
function only. In a manual calibration, the user must explicitly enter the date.

12.11 "Recalibration date" (*C8)

On-site display Meaning

recal. date *C8 This information field is active for density and concentration
measurements only. The recalibration date is specified here.
25.03.05 17:50
Each of these values must be confirmed by "E" after it has been
entered
TT.MM.JJ HH:MM

NOTICE
In an automatic recalibration, the Gammapilot automatically copies the date from its
internal clock. In this case, the "recalibration date" (*C8) function is a display function
only. In a manual recalibration, the user can enter the date.

Endress+Hauser 75
"Service" function group (0D) Gammapilot M FMG60

13 "Service" function group (0D)

A detailed description of the "Service" function group and a detailed overview of the function
menu can be found in the Service Manual for Gammapilot M.

76 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 Troubleshooting

14 Troubleshooting
If you have followed the instructions in these Operating Instructions, the device should be
successfully commissioned and ready for operation. If this is not the case, the device offers
various ways of analyzing and correcting errors.

14.1 Error codes

Code Description Remedy

A102 checksum error Call Endress+Hauser Service

W103 initializing Wait for completion of the initializing procedure

A106 downloading Wait for completion of the download

A110 checksum error Call Endress+Hauser Service

A111 electronics defect Switch instrument off/on;

If error still is present: call Endress+Hauser service or exchange
transmitter

A113 electronics defect Switch instrument off/on;

If error still is present: call Endress+Hauser service or exchange
transmitter

A114 electronics defect Switch instrument off/on;

If error still is present: call Endress+Hauser service or exchange
transmitter
A116 download error Repeat download

A121 electronics defect Switch instrument off/on;

If error still is present: call Endress+Hauser service or exchange
transmitter

W153 initializing Wait for completion of the initializing procedure

A160 checksum error Call Endress+Hauser Service

A165 electronics defect • Switch instrument off/on;
If error still is present: call Endress+Hauser service or
exchange transmitter
• See Note "Error messages A165 "electronics defect" and
A635 "present date not defined" on  ä 8.

A291 slave error Check basic setup and connection of the slave transmitter

A503 wrong sensor type Call Endress+Hauser Service

W513 calibration integration running Wait, until a stable pulse rate has been reached; then,
terminate integration (by pressing "E" in the "average pulse
rate" (*11) function)

W514 PT-100 calibration Wait for the calibration to complete.

if error still persists: call Endress+Hauser Service
A531 sensor electronics defect Switch instrument off/on;
If error still is present: call Endress+Hauser service or exchange
transmitter

A532 sensor voltage error Call Endress+Hauser Service

A533 wrong sensor software version Call Endress+Hauser Service

A535 sensor regulation error Call Endress+Hauser Service

W536 high voltage near limit Call Endress+Hauser Service

A538 sensor communication error Call Endress+Hauser Service

A602 linearization table not plausible Check monotony of the linearization table; if necessary, adjust
table ("linearization" (*4) function group)

Endress+Hauser 77
Troubleshooting Gammapilot M FMG60

Code Description Remedy

A612 linearization table not defined Enter or complete linearization table

( "linearization" (*4) function group)
The linearization table must contain the end points 0% = 1000
cps (standardized) and 100% = 0 cps (standardized).
When entering via FieldCare:
Select the right type of table (lin. tab. "level" or "concentration")

W621 simulation on Switch off linearization

("output" (*6) function group
"simulation" (*65) function)

W640 SIL lock device SIL_locking not completed

W642 I_back calibration running Calibration of the current readback path active
A631 background not calibrated Perform background calibration
("calibration" (*1) function group)

A632 full/covered not calibrated Perform full/covered calibration

("calibration" (*1) function group)

A633 empty/free not calibrated Perform empty/free calibration

("calibration" (*1) function group)

A634 density not calibrated • Check: Has at least one calibration point been entered and
activated?
If not: Enter and activate calibration point(s). ("calibration"
(*1) function group)
• Check: Is the "reference pulse rate" (*1F) larger than 232?
If yes: re-perform density calibration ("calibration" (*1))
function group
A635 present date not defined • Enter present date
("basic setup" (*0) function group
"today's date" (*01) function)
• See Note "Error messages A165 "electronics defect" and
A635 "present date not defined" on  ä 8.

A636 calibration date not plausible Check calibration date and enter it again
("system parameters" (*C) function group
"calibration date" (*C7) function)

A637 operating mode not defined Enter operating mode

("basic setup" (*0) function group
"operating mode" (*04) function)

A638 measurement mode not defined Enter measurement mode

("basic setup" (*0) function group
"measurement mode" (*05) function)

A639 temperature compensation not Enter at least two "temperature - density" value pairs
complete ("temperature compensation" (*3) function group)

W662 high sensor temperature (warning) Install water cooling jacket or thermal shielding

A663 sensor temperature too high (alarm) Install water cooling jacket or thermal shielding

A664 temperature measurement error Check correct functioning and connection of the PT-100 sensor

W681 current out of range Check calibration and linearization

(3.8 to 20.5 mA)
A692 gammagraphy detected (alarm) • Check, if interference radiation is present or the "hold time"
(*54) is too short.
• If no interference radiation is present: decrease
gammagraphy sensitivity
("gammagraphy" (*5) function group
"sensitivity" (*52) function)

W693 gammagraphy detected (warning) Wait for end of the gammagraphy measurement

W695 measurement counter overflow The local dose rate is too high (where applicable, reduce with
blind flange).

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Gammapilot M FMG60 Troubleshooting

14.2 Possible calibration errors

Error Possible cause and remedy

Pulse rate too low at • Radiation source switched off

empty vessel Switch on source at the source container
• Incorrect alignment of radiation beam
Realign beam
• Buildup in the vessel
Clean vessel or
Recalibrate (if buildup is stable)
• Fittings in the vessel have not been considered in the activity calculation
Recalculate activity and change source accordingly, if required
• Pressure in the vessel has not been considered in the activity calculation
 Recalculate activity and change source accordingly, if required
• No radiation source in the source container
Load source capsule in the container
• Source too weak
Use source with higher activity
Pulse rate to high at • Activity too high
empty vessel Attenuate radiation, e.g. by mounting a steel plate in front of the source
container; or exchange source
• External radiation source (e.g. by gammagraphy)
Shield off if possible; repeat calibration without external radiation source
Pulse rate too high at full • External radiation source (e.g. by gammagraphy)
vessel Shield off if possible; repeat calibration without external radiation source

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Troubleshooting Gammapilot M FMG60

14.3 Software history

HART

Date Software version Software modifications Documentation

Since 01.01.02 Original software. BA236F/00/en/08.04

09.2004 52023878
BA287F/00/en/08.04
52023818

Since 01.01.04 Bug fix.

11.2005 Concentration mode corrected.
Density measurement recalibration corrected.
Since 01.01.06 Bug fix.
08.2006 Corrections for high and low pulse rate.

Since 01.02.00 Software extended to include "SIL locking" function. BA236F/00/en/03.07

04.2007 01.02.02 71041168
BA287F/00/en/04.07
71041170

BA236F/00/en/06.07
71041168
BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170
Since 01.03.00 Automatic restart after error A165 caused by BA236F/00/en/09.08
08.2008 empty pipe at density measurements 71082936
(pulse rate > 160000 c/s) BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170
NOTICE
For instruments with SIL or WHG approvals,
software version 01.02.02 remains valid.
Since 01.03.02 New filtering function for Gamma Modulator BA236F/00/en/03.09
02.2009 FHG65 implemented 71091966
BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170

Since 01.03.06 Improved EMC stability for extreme interferences. BA236F/00/en/10.09

10.2010 71104595
BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170

PROFIBUS PA

Date Software version Software modifications Documentation

11.2005 01.01.04 Original software. BA329F/00/en/11.05

7100008
08.2006 01.01.06 Bug fix. BA287F/00/en/08.04
Corrections for high and low pulse rate.
52023818

10.2007 01.02.02 Function "beam type (*02) added BA329F/00/en/01.08

71041172
BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170

02.2009 01.03.02 Automatic restart after error A165 caused by BA329F/00/en/03.09

empty pipe at denmsit measurements 71091969
(pulse rate > 160000 c/s) BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170
New filtering function for Gamma Modulator
FHG65 implemented
Since 01.03.06 Improved EMC stability for extreme interferences. BA00329F/00/en/10.09
10.2010 71104600

80 Endress+Hauser
Gammapilot M FMG60 Troubleshooting

FOUNDATION Fieldbus

Date Software version Software modifications Documentation

Since 01.01.00 Original software. BA330F/00/en/06.05

06.2005 71000010
BA287F/00/en/08.04
52023818

Since 01.01.02
07.2005

Since 01.01.04 Bug fix.

11.2005 Concentration mode corrected.
Density measurement recalibration corrected.

Since 01.01.06 Bug fix.

08.2006 Corrections for high and low pulse rate.

Since 01.03.02 Automatic restart after error A165 caused by empty BA330F/00/en/03.09
03.2009 pipe at denmsit measurements 71091971
(pulse rate > 160000 c/s) BA287F/00/en/06.07
71041170
New filtering function for Gamma Modulator
FHG65 implemented

Since 01.03.06 Improved EMC stability for extreme interferences. BA00330F/00/en/10.09

10.2010 71104603

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Gammapilot M FMG60

List of functions
Symbols *49 - Input density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
*0 - "Basic setup" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 *4A - Input concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
*00 - Measured value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 *4B - Next point (concentration linearization) . . . . . . . . 54
*01 - Present date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 *4B - Next point (level linearization) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
*03 - Isotope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 *5 - "Gammagraphy" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
*04 - Operating mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 *50 - Gammagraphy detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
*05 - Measuring mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 *51 - Span time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
*06 - Density unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 *52 - Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
*07 - Min. density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 *53 - Output gammagraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
*08 - Max. density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 *54 - Hold time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
*09 - Pipe diameter unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 *55 - Gammagraphy count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
*0A - Pipe diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 *56 - Gammagraphy count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
*0B - Output damping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 *6 - "Output" function group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
*1 - "Calibration" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 *60 - Communication address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
*10 - Background calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 26 *60 - Instrument address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
*11 - Average pulse rate (background) . . . . . . . . . . 19, 27 *61 - Ident number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
*11 - Average pulse rate (density) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 *61 - No. of preambles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
*11 - Average pulse rate (level linearization) . . . . . . . . 48 *62 - Low output limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
*11 - Average pulse rate (level/limit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 *62 - Set unit to bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
*12 - Background pulse rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 27 *63 - Current output mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
*13 - Calibration point (level/limit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 *63 - Out value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
*14 - Value full . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 *64 - Fixed current value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
*15 - Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 *64 - Out status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
*15 - Calibration (density) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 *65 - Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
*16 - Full calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 *66 - Simulation value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
*17 - Value empty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 *67 - 2nd cyclic value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
*18 - Empty calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 *67 - Output current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
*19 - Next point (density) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 *68 - 4mA value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
*19 - Next point (level/limit). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 *68 - Select V0H0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
*1A - Calibration point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 *69 - 20mA value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
*1B - Density calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 *69 - Display value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
*1C - Density value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 *9 - "Display" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
*1D - Calibration point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 *92 - Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
*1E - Absorption coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 *93 - Back to home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
*1F - Reference pulse rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 *95 - No. of decimals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
*2 - "Safety settings" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 *96 - Separation character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
*20 - Output on alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 *97 - Display test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
*21 - Output on alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 *A - "Diagnostics" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
*3 - "Temperature compensation" function group . . . . . 38 *A0 - Present error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
*30 - Temperature compensation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 *A1 - Previous error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
*31 - Select temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 *A2 - Clear last error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
*32 - Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 *A3 - Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
*33 - Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 *A4 - Unlock parameter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
*34 - Linear coefficient. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 *A5 - Present average pulse rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
*35 - Square coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 *A6 - Average raw pulse rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
*36 - Next point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 *A7 - Medium temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
*4 - "Linearization" function group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 *A8 - Density value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
*40 - Linearization (level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 *C - "System parameters" function group . . . . . . 73, 76–77
*41 - Table No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 *C0 - Tag No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 80
*42 - Input level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 *C2 - Protocol + SW No.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
*43 - Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 *C4 - Serial No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
*44 - Normalized pulse rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 *C6 - Temperature unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
*45 - Unit selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 *C7 - Calibration date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
*46 - Customer unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 *C8 - Recalibration date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
*47 - Linearization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
*48 - Table No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

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Numerics
022 - Security locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
023 - Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
024 - Confirm Iout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
025 - Confirm sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
026 - Confirm backgr.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
027 - Confirm cal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
028 - Confirm source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
029 - Confirm time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
02A - Confirm date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
02B - Confirm length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
02C - Confirm password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
02D - Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

A
Automatic calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 25

B
Background calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15–16

C
Calibration errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Calibration points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15–16, 24
Concentration measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Covered calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

D
Density measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Display operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Display symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

E
Einpunkt-Abgleich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Empty calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

F
Free calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Full calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Function code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

K
Key assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

M
Manual calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 25
Multiple-point calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

O
One-point calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Onsite display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

R
Recalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

V
VU331. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

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