Top 100 XAT 2023 Quant Questions

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 Questions
Instructions
For the following questions answer them individually

Question 1

A table is sold at 20% profit from a manufacturer to a whole seller. The whole seller sells each table at 60% profit with an offer of 1
table free on every purchase of 5 tables. The retailer bought 30 tables (free tables included) at Rs 24000. The retailer sold the table to
customers with a profit margin of 10%. What is the difference between the manufacturing cost and the customer price of a table?

A Rs 420

B Rs 380

C Rs 240

D Rs 300

Answer: B

Explanation:
Let the Manufacturing cost = M

A table is sold at 20% profit from a manufacturer to a whole seller.

Price of the table for the whole seller =1.2 M

The whole seller sold the tables at 60% profit, with an offer of 1 table free with a purchase of 5 tables.

Price of 5 tables for the whole seller = 1.2 M * 5= 6M

The retailer bought 30 tables {free tables included} at Rs 24000.

Price of 6 tables( +1 free) for retailer = 1.6*6M= 9.6M

Price of 30 tables = 5* 9.6M = 24000

M= Rs 500

Price of each table for Retailer = 24000/30= Rs 800

Price for the customers= 1.1*800= Rs 880

The difference between the manufacturing cost and the customer price of the table= Rs 880-Rs 500= Rs380

Question 2

Find the number of non-negative integral points that satisfy 2x + y > 16 and x + 2y = 20.

A 8

B 9

C 10

D 11

Answer: A

Explanation:
Number of non-negative integral points on x + 2y = 20 => (20,0), (18,1),......,(2,9) and (0,10) => 11 points
Intersection point of 2x + y = 16 and x + 2y = 20 is (4,8)
So, all the points among the above 11 points that have x coefficient less than or equal to 4 are removed.
=> 3 points are removed.
Hence, required number of points = 11 - 3 = 8

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Question 3

A dishonest milkman sells milk to three customers- A, B and C. He replaces 20% of pure milk with water before selling to A. After this,
he replaces 25% of the mixture with water before selling to B and furthermore 30% of the mixture is replaced before selling to C. What is
the percentage of pure milk in the mixture sold by the milkman to C?

A 44%

B 38%

C 35%

D 42%

Answer: D

Explanation:
r1 r2 r3
Since, the milk is getting replaced by water, we will use the formula M ′ = M (1 − 100 ) (1 − 100 ) (1 − 100 ), where M, r1, r2 and r3 are
the milk's proportion in the beginning, % of milk replaced before selling to A, % of milk replaced before selling to B and % of milk sold
before selling to C, respectively.
20 25 30 4 3 7
Milk % before selling to C= M ′ = 100 (1 − 100 ) (1 − 100 ) (1 − 100 ) = 100 ( 5 ) ( 4 ) ( 10 ) = 42%

Question 4

An empty reservoir can be filled with a water tap in 9 hours. But since a leak was present at the bottom of the reservoir, it would take 14
hours to fill up. If the tap is opened at 4:00 AM and then closed at 1:00 PM then at what time it would be empty again?

A 9:30 PM same day

B 4:48 AM next day

C 6:12 AM next day

D 5:12 AM next day

Answer: D

Explanation:
Let the leak take ‘x’ hours to empty the filled reservoir.
1 1 1
We get, 9 − x = 14
9∗14
So x = 5 hours
Tap is opened at 4:00 AM and then closed at 1:00 PM. So the tap is open for 9 hours.
9
The proportion of reservoir filled in 9 hours = 14
Since the tap is closed, the water would drain from the leak.
9
Time required to completely drain 14 th of the tank
9∗14∗9
= 5∗14
81
= 5 = 16.2 hours
If the tap is closed at 1 PM, it will take 16 hours 12 minutes more to completely drain the tank.
So tank would be drained at 5:12 AM next day.
Hence, option D is the right choice.

Question 5

Points E, F, G, H lie on the sides AB, BC, CD, and DA, respectively, of a square ABCD. If EFGH is also a square whose area is 62.5% of
that of ABCD and CG is longer than EB, then the ratio of length of EB to that of CG is

A 3:8

B 2:5

C 4:9

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 1:3
D

Answer: D

 Video Solution

Explanation:
It is given that EFGH is also a square whose area is 62.5% of that of ABCD. Let us assume that E divides AB in x : 1. Because of symmetry
we can se that points F, G and H divide BC, CD and DA in x : 1.

Let us assume that 'x+1' is the length of side of square ABCD.

Area of square ABCD = (x + 1)2 sq. units.

62.5 5(x + 1)2
Therefore, area of square EFGH = 100 ∗ (x + 1)2 = 8 ... (1)

In right angle triangle EBF,

EF 2 = EB2 + BF 2
⇒ EF = 12 + x2
Therefore, the area of square EFGH = EF 2 = x2 + 1 ... (2)
By equating (1) and (2),

5(x + 1)2
x2 + 1 = 8

⇒ 8x2 + 8 = 5x2 + 10x + 5

⇒ 3x2 − 10x + 3 = 0
⇒ (x − 3)(3x − 1) = 0
⇒ x = 3 or 1/3
The ratio of length of EB to that of CG = 1 : x

EB : CG = 1 : 3 or 3 : 1. Hence, option D is the correct answer.

Question 6

A water tank has inlets of two types A and B. All inlets of type A when open, bring in water at the same rate. All inlets of type B, when
open, bring in water at the same rate. The empty tank is completely filled in 30 minutes if 10 inlets of type A and 45 inlets of type B are
open, and in 1 hour if 8 inlets of type A and 18 inlets of type B are open. In how many minutes will the empty tank get completely filled
if 7 inlets of type A and 27 inlets of type B are open?

Answer:48

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let the efficiency of type A pipe be 'a' and the efficiency of type B be 'b'.
In the first case, 10 type A and 45 type B pipes fill the tank in 30 mins.
1
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 1
So, the capacity of the tank = 2 (10a + 45b)........(i)
In the second case, 8 type A and 18 type B pipes fill the tank in 1 hour.
So, the capacity of the tank = (8a + 18b)..........(ii)
Equating (i) and (ii), we get
10a + 45b = 16a + 36b
=>6a = 9b
From (ii), capacity of the tank = (8a + 18b) = (8a + 12a) = 20a
In the third case, 7 type A and 27 type B pipes fill the tank.
Net efficiency = (7a + 27b) = (7a + 18a) = 25a
20a
Time taken = 25a hour = 48 minutes.
Hence, 48 is the correct answer.

Question 7

If (a log b x)2 − 5xlog b a + 6 = 0 where a > 1, b > 1 and a is not equal to b, then the value of x can be

A 2log b a

B 3log a b

C blog 2 a

D a log b 3
Answer: B

Explanation:
(a log b x)2 − 5xlog b a + 6 = 0
or, (xlog b a)2 − 5xlog b a + 6 = 0 (wkt (a log b x) = (xlog b a))
Let xlog b a be y.
Then, y2 − 5y + 6 = 0
On solving, we get y = 2 or y = 3
=>xlog b a = 2 or xlog b a = 3
=> x = 2log a b or x = 3log a b
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

Question 8

The points (2,1) and (-3,-4) are opposite vertices of a parallelogram.If the other two vertices lie on the line x + 9y + c = 0, then c is

A 12

B 13

C 15

D 14

Answer: D

 Video Solution

Explanation:
The midpoints of two diagonals of a parallelogram are the same

Hence the midpoint of (2,1) and (-3,-4) lie on x + 9y + c = 0

2−3 1−4
midpoint of (2,1) and (-3,-4) = ( 2 , 2 ) = (-1/2 , -3/2)

Keeping this cordinates in the above line equation, we get c = 14

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Question 9

Four racers are running around a circular track at speed 1m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s and 6m/s in the same direction. What is the number of
distinct points around the circular track at which two or more racers meet?

A 6

B 13

C 8

D 10

Answer: C

Explanation:
The racers are running in the same direction, thus the number of points of intersections between any two racers= |a-b|, where a and b are
the ratio of the speed of the racers.

The number of pairs of racers: 4 C2 =6

Thus,
π
1. The number of points of intersections between the first racer and second racer = |1-3|=2 points i.e {π , 2 }
π 2π
2. The number of points of intersections between the first racer and third racer = |1-4|=3 points i.e {π , 3 , 3 }
π 2π 3π 4π
3. The number of points of intersections between the first racer and fourth racer = |1-6|=5 points i.e {π , 5, 5 , 5 , 5 }
4. The number of points of intersections between the second racer and third racer = |3-4|=1 point i.e {π }

5.The number of points of intersections between the second racer and fourth racer = (3,6) |1-2|=1 point i.e {π }

6. The number of points of intersections between the third racer and fourth racer = (4,6) |2-3|=1 point i.e {π }
π 2π 3π 4π π π 2π
Thus, number of different points of intersection: {π , 5 , 5 , 5 , 5 , 2, 3, 3 } 8 points
Option C

XAT Previous Papers

Question 10

How many 4-digit numbers, each greater than 1000 and each having all four digits distinct, are there with 7 coming before 3?

Answer:315

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Here there are two cases possible

Case 1: When 7 is at the left extreme

In that case 3 can occupy any of the three remaining places and the remaining two places can be taken by (0,1,2,4,5,6,8,9)

So total ways 3(8)(7)= 168

Case 2: When 7 is not at the extremes

Here there are 3 cases possible. And the remaining two places can be filled in 7(7) ways.(Remember 0 can't come on the extreme left)

Hence in total 3(7)(7)=147 ways

Total ways 168+147=315 ways

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Question 11

Prasoon purchased a new bike M15, which soon met with an accident. He went to the service centre and the service centre charged
him for repairs. The labour cost, tyre replacement cost, accessory replacement cost and the servicing costs were 5%, 15%, 25% and
35% of the total servicing cost respectively. The remaining charges were for oil replacement (brake oil, engine oil, etc.). Luckily
Prasoon was the lucky customer that day and got discounts of 10% each for labour, servicing and oil replacement costs and discounts
of 20% on the accessory replacement. The insurance company paid him 80% of the cost paid by him in the service centre by giving him
Rs. 56,960. What was the original bill amount (before discount) for accessory replacements in Rupees?

Answer:20000

Explanation:
Let the total cost be Rs. x

Labour cost= 0.05x

Tyre replacement cost= 0.15x

Accessory replacement cost= 0.25x

Servicing cost= 0.35x

Oil replacement cost= x-(0.05x+0.15x+0.25x+0.35x)= 0.2x

After discount, labour cost= 0.9 ×0.05x= 0.045x

Servicing cost= 0.9 ×0.35x= 0.315x

Oil replacement cost= 0.9 ×0.2x= 0.18x

Accessory replacement cost= 0.8 ×0.25x= 0.2x

'.' No discount is given on replacing tyres, its cost remains the same at 0.15x

Total amount payable by Prasoon= 0.045x+0.315x+0.18x+0.2x+0.15x= 0.89x

Total amount reimbursed by the service center= 0.8 ×0.89x=0.712x

Given, 0.712x=56960

.'.x= Rs. 80000

Original accessory replacement cost=0.25x= 0.25 ×80000= Rs. 20000

Question 12

Radheshyam is an alcohol bootlegger. He wants to make an extra profit on the alcohol, hence he tried to dilute the alcohol. He does this
in a unique way. He takes 625 Liters of alcohol in a tank that has a large capacity. He replaces 20% of the content with water. After this,
he doubles the quantity of alcohol in the tank by adding pure alcohol and then doubles the percentage of water in the mixture by adding
pure water.

His manager found this process tiresome and confusing. Therefore he suggested Radheshyamto mix the original 625L alcohol with a
solution B of alcohol and water so that the resulting solution is the same as that derived from his initial process. What is the overall
quantity and concentration of the suggested mixture B?

A 675.81L with 63.63% alcohol

B 675.81L with 71.42% alcohol

C 660.71L with 56.75% alcohol

D 785.71L with 71.42% alcohol

Answer: C

Explanation:
Initially, Radheshyam had 625 litres of alcohol. After replacing 20% with water he has 125Liters of water and 500 Liters of alcohol.

After doubling the alcohol content in the tank, he has 1000Liters of Alcohol and 125 Liters of water.

After this, he doubles the percentage of water in the solution by adding pure water. Let the amount of water be x liters
As per the question
125+x 125
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 125+x 125
1125+x = 2× 1125

Upon rearranging and solving we get (125 + x) 1125 = 250 (1125 + x)

875x = 125 × 1125
125× 1125 1125
x= 875 = 7
1125 2000
Therefore the final solution has 1000L of alcohol and 125 + 7 = 7 L of water.
2000
The added mixture should have 375L of alcohol and 7 of water
2000 4625
Total quantity of mixture = 7 + 375 = 7 = 660.71L
375
4625
%concentration of alcohol = 7 ∗ 100 = 0.5675 ∗ 100 = 56.75%

XAT Free Mock Test

Question 13

If f(5 + x) = f(5 − x) for every real x, and f(x) = 0 has four distinct real roots, then the sum of these roots is

A 0

B 40

C 10

D 20

Answer: D

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let 'r' be the root of the function. It follows that f(r) = 0. We can represent this as f (r) = f {5 − (5 − r)}
Based on the relation: f (5 − x) = f (5 + x); f (r) = f {5 − (5 − r)} = f {5 + (5 − r)}
∴ f (r) = f (10 − r)
Thus, every root 'r' is associated with another root '(10-r)' [these form a pair]. For even distinct roots, in this case four, let us assume the
roots to be as follows: r1 , (10 − r1 ) , r2 , (10 − r2 )
The sum of these roots = r1 + (10 − r1 ) + r2 + (10 − r2 ) = 20
Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Question 14

A series a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , ..... consists of positive numbers such that a 1 , a 2 , a 3 are in Geometric Progression while a 2 , a 3 , a 4 are in
Arithmetic Progression and so on. In general, a 2n−1 , a 2n, a 2n+1 are in Geometric Progression while a 2n, a 2n+1 , a 2n+2 are in
Arithmetic Progression. If it is given that a 1 = 1 and a 6 = 70, what is the value of a 10 ?

Answer:208

Explanation:
Let the value of a 2 = x. It is given that a 1 = 1
So, a 3 = x2
a 4 = 2a 2
3 − a 2 = 2x − x
2
a4
a 5 = a3 = (2x − 1)2
a 6 = 2 ∗ a 5 − a 4 = (2x − 1)(3x − 2)
This is given to equal 70. So, 6x2 − 7x + 2 = 70
Or 6x2 − 24x + 17x − 68 = 0

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Or (6x + 17)(x − 4) =0
As all the terms of the series are positive, x=4
Hence, a 5= (2x − 1)2 = 49
a 6 = (2x − 1)(3x − 2) = 70
70 2
a 7 = 49 = 100
a 8 = 2 ∗ 100 − 70 = 130
130 2
a 9 = 100 = 169
a 10 = 2 ∗ 169 − 130 = 208
Question 15

What is the total number of positive integral solution of [x/7]=[x/9], where [a] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to a?

A 15

B 18

C 16

D 9

Answer: A

Explanation:
Consider [x/7]=[x/9]=0

[x/7]=0 => 0≤x/7<1 =>0≤x<7 and [x/9]=0 => 0 ≤x/9<1 => 0≤x<9

x ϵ [0,7) ∩ [0,9) i.e.1,2,3,4,5,6 (6 integral values)

Consider [x/7]=[x/9]=1

[x/7]=1 => 1≤x/7<2 =>7≤x<14 and [x/9]=1 => 1 ≤x/9<2 => 9≤x<18

x ϵ [7,14) ∩ [9,18) i.e. 9,10,11,12,13 (5 integral values)

Consider [x/7]=[x/9]=2

[x/7]=2 => 2≤x/7<3 =>14 ≤x<21 and [x/9]=0 => 2 ≤x/9<3 => 18 ≤x<27

x ϵ [14,21) ∩ [18,27) i.e. 18,19,20 (3 integral values)

Consider [x/7]=[x/9]=3

[x/7]=3 => 3≤x/7<4 =>21 ≤x<28 and [x/9]=0 => 3 ≤x/9<4 => 27 ≤x<36

x ϵ [21,28) ∩ [27,36) i.e. 27 (1 integral values)

Consider [x/7]=[x/9]=4

[x/7]=4 => 4≤x/7<5 =>28 ≤x<35 and [x/9]=4 => 36 ≤x/9<45 => 36 ≤x<45

x ϵ [28,35) ∩ [36,45) (No integral values)

Total values = 6+5+3+1=15

XAT Decision Making Mock Tests

Question 16

If log2 2 − 2 log 2 4 + 3 log 3 2 8 − … … … … … … . − 10 log 10 2 1024 = k, then what is the value of ∣k∣?

Answer:575

Explanation:
log2 2 − 2 log 2 4 + 3 log 3 2 8 − … … … … … … . − 10 log 10 2 1024 can be written as
log2 2 − 2 log 2 22 + 3 log 3 2 23 − … … … … … … . − 10 log 10 2 210
=> log2 2 − 2 ∗ 2 log 2 2 + 3 ∗ 3 log 3 2 2 − … … … … … … . − 10 ∗ 10 log 10 2 2
y
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=> we know that log n y x = n logy x
Thus, 1 − 2 ∗ 2 ∗ 2 log2 2 + 3 ∗ 3 ∗ 3 log2 2 − … … … … … … . − 10 ∗ 10 ∗ 10 log2 2
=> 1 − 23 + 33 − 43 + 53 − … … … . − 103
=> 1 − 8 + 27 − 64 + 125 − 216 + 343 − 512 + 729 − 1000
= −575 = k
Thus, ∣k∣ = 575

Question 17

Two swimmers Michael Phelps and Matt Biondi started swimming towards each other from opposite ends of a river across the width.
They first met at a point 1500m away from one shore. They crossed each other, touched the opposite end and returned immediately.
They met each other again at 900m from the other shore. Find the width(in m) of the river.

Assume that the speed of water in the river is negligible.

Answer:3600

Explanation:
Let ' d' be the width of the river. When they first meet one swimmer must have covered a distance of 1500m and other swimmer must
have covered a distance of d − 1500 m. Let us assume that Michael Phelps covered a distance of 1500m with a speed of A m/hr
whereas Matt Biondi covered a distance of d − 1500 m with a speed of B m/hr.

1500 d − 1500
Hence, we can say that A = B ... (1)

In second case, when they meet 900m from the other shore then total distance covered by Michael Phelps = d + 900m whereas total
distance covered by Matt Biondi = 2d − 900m. Therefore,
d + 900 2d − 900
A = B ... (2)

From the equation (1) and (2) we can see that,

1500 d + 900
⇒ d − 1500 = 2d − 900

⇒ 3000d − 1350000 = d2 − 600d − 135000

⇒ d2 − 3600d = 0 or d = 0, 3600
'd' can't be 0. Hence, d = 3600m.
Question 18
1 1 1
a1 + a2 a2 + a3 an+ an+1
If a 1 , a 2 , ...... are in A.P., then, + + ....... + is equal to

n
A a1 + an+1

n−1
B a1 + an−1

n−1
C a1 + an

n
D a1 − an+1

Answer: A

 Video Solution

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Explanation:
1 1 1
a1 + a2 a2 + a3 an+ an+1
We have, + + ....... +
1 a2 − a1
Now, a1 + a2
= ( a2 + a1 )( a2 − a1 ) (Multiplying numerator and denominator by a2 − a1)
a2 − a1
= (a2 −a1
a2 − a1
= d (where d is the common difference)
1 a3 − a2
a2 + a3
Similarly, = d and so on.
1 1 1
a1 + a2 a2 + a3 an+ an+1
Then the expression + + ....... +
1
can be written as d ( a2 − a1 + a3 − a 3 + .......................... a n+1 − an
n
= nd ( a n+1 − a 1 ) (Multiplying both numerator and denominator by n)
n( an+1 − a1 )
= an+1 −a1 (a n+1 − a 1 = nd)
n
a1 + an+1
=

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Question 19

One day, Rahul started a work at 9 AM and Gautam joined him two hours later. They then worked together and completed the work at 5
PM the same day. If both had started at 9 AM and worked together, the work would have been completed 30 minutes earlier. Working
alone, the time Rahul would have taken, in hours, to complete the work is

A 11.5

B 10

C 12.5

D 12

Answer: B

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let Rahul work at a units/hr and Gautam at b units/hour
Now as per the condition :
8a+6b =7.5a+7.5b
so we get 0.5a=1.5b
or a=3b
Therefore total work = 8a +6b = 8a +2a =10a
Now Rahul alone takes 10a/10 = 10 hours.

Question 20

Mr Cooper has 3 alcohol solutions, A, B and C. A has 25% alcohol concentration, B has a% alcohol concentration and C has b% alcohol
concentration. He mixes 40mL of A, 60mL of B and 100 mL of C to get a new solution D with a concentration of 56%. Now, he mixes
100mL of D, 40mL of B and 60mL of C to get a solution with 59.5% concentration. Find the difference between a and b.

A 30

B 25

C 40

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 15
D

Answer: A

Explanation:

Hence,

40 x 25 + 60 x a + 100 x b = 200 x 56

1000 + 60a + 100b = 11200

100 + 6a + 10b = 1120

6a + 10b = 1020 .... (i)

Hence,

100 x 56 + 40 x a + 60 x b = 200 x 59.5

5600 + 40a + 60b = 11900

560 + 4a + 6b = 1190

4a + 6b = 630 .... (ii)

(i) x 2 - (ii) x 3

12a + 20b = 2040

12a + 18b = 1890

2b = 150

b = 75%

Hence, a = 45%

Hence, b - a = 30%

Question 21

If a,b are two positive integers such that 2a+3 + 3b−2 = 145 and 22a+1 + 32b−7 = 371, then find the value of 23a−5 + 3b−1

A 259

B 275

C 307

D 283

Answer: A

Explanation:
145 can be written as 64 + 81 = 26 + 34
=> a+3 = 6 => a= 3

and b-2 = 4 => b= 6

Also 22a+1 + 32b−7 = 27 + 35 = 371

Hence 23a−5 + 3b−1 = 24 + 35 = 259

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Question 22

The figure below shows two right angled triangles ∆OAB and ∆OQP with right angles at vertex A and P, respectively, having the
common vertex O, The lengths of some of the sides are indicated in the figure. (Note that the figure is not drawn to scale.) AB and OP
are parallel.
What is ∠QOB?

A tan−1 (2/3)

B 45°

C 30°

D tan−1 (3/2)

E 60°
Answer: B

Explanation:

The figure can be redrawn as shown above.

∵ AB and OP are parallel, POAC is a rectangle.

In right △QCB, QB = 5
△QBO is an isosceles right angled triangle with ∠OQB = 90° (By Pythagoras theorem)
∴ ∠QOB = 45°

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Question 23

A wire which was used to form a square of side 30 cm is divided into 3 parts such that the length of the longest part is 25% more than
length of the second longest part. If the shortest part is 20 cm shorter than the longest part, then the area (in cm 2 ) of the triangle
formed by these three parts is

A 540

B 480

C 800

D 600

Answer: D

Explanation:
The length of the wire = 4*30 = 120 cm.
Let 'x' be the length of the smallest part of the wire.
Length of the longest part = x + 20
Length of the second longest part*1.25 = Length of the longest part
=> Length of the second longest part = 0.8*Length of the longest part
=> x + 20 + 0.8*(x+20) + x = 120
=> x + 20 + 0.8x + 16 + x = 120

2.8x + 36 = 120
2.8x = 84
=> x = 30 cm
The sides of the triangle are 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm.

We can see that the sides of the triangle form a Pythagorean triplet.
Therefore, the area of the triangle is 0.5*30*40 = 600 cm 2 .
Therefore, option D is the right answer.

Question 24

When opening his fruit shop for the day a shopkeeper found that his stock of apples could be perfectly arranged in a complete
triangular array: that is, every row with one apple more than the row immediately above, going all the way up ending with a single apple
at the top.
During any sales transaction, apples are always picked from the uppermost row, and going below only when that row is exhausted.
When one customer walked in the middle of the day she found an incomplete array in display having 126 apples totally. How many
rows of apples (complete and incomplete) were seen by this customer? (Assume that the initial stock did not exceed 150 apples.)

A 15

B 14

C 13

D 12

E 11

Answer: D

Explanation:
The stack of apples can be imagined as shown below. For every row, there is an increase of 1 apple from the previous row.

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This means that the sum total of the apples present in the stack will be sum of AP given as : 1,2,3,4.... ie the sum of numbers from 1.
n×(n+1)
This is given by the formula S = 2

Since the initial number of apples was not more than 150, we find the maximum number of rows that was possible.

Let S be the total initial sum of apples in the cart.

We know that S ≤ 150

n×(n+1)
⇒ 2 ≤ 150
⇒ n × (n + 1) ≤ 300
⇒ n2 + n ≤ 300
Since the biggest number with square less than 300 is 17, we try to see if 17 works in the expression by hit and trial method.

So, 17 x 18 = 306 > 300, therefore the maximum number of rows possible is not 17.

Since 306 is JUST over 300, let us check at 16.

So, 16 x 17 = 272 < 300, therefore the maximum number of rows possible is 16.

Let us tabulate the total number of apples present in the cart based on the number of rows :

Since the total number of apples from row 15 is less than 126 (which was found by the customer), we can safely say that the total
number of rows of apples with the shopkeeper that day was 16.
16×17 n×(n+1)
Now, if 'n' rows of apples are sold, the total available apples can be calculated as : 2 − 2

Let us tabulate the result obtained in this case :

From the table we can see that when the customer saw 126 apples, the apples in the top 4 rows had been sold.

Therefore, the number of rows = 16 - 4 = 12 rows.

Important Formulas for XAT Download PDF

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Question 25
sin∠BAC
In the trapezium ABCD the sides AB and CD are parallel. The value of sin∠BAD is

BC
A AD

AB
B CD

AC
C CD

AD
D AC

AC
E AD

Answer: D

Explanation:
Construct a perpendicular in the trapezium. Let its height be 'h'

h
Now, sin∠BAC = AC
h
and sin∠BAD = AD
h
AC
sin∠BAC h AD
Thus, sin∠BAD = AD = AC

Question 26

Two circular tracks T1 and T2 of radii 100 m and 20 m, respectively touch at a point A. Starting from A at the same time, Ram and
Rahim are walking on track T1 and track T2 at speeds 15 km/hr and 5 km/hr respectively. The number of full rounds that Ram
will make before he meets Rahim again for the first time is

A 5

B 3
C 2

D 4

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 Answer: B

 Video Solution

Explanation:

To complete one round Ram takes 100m/15kmph and Rahim takes 20m/5kmph

They meet for the first time after L.C.M of (100m/15kmph , 20m/5kmph) = 100m/5kmph=20m/kmph.

Distance traveled by Ram =20m/kmph * 15kmph =300m.

So, he must have ran 300/100=3 rounds.

Note:

CAT gave both 2 and 3 as correct answers because of the word ' before'.

Question 27

How many 3-digit numbers are there, for which the product of their digits is more than 2 but less than 7?

Answer:21

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let the number be 'abc'. Then, 2 < a × b × c < 7. The product can be 3,4,5,6.
We can obtain each of these as products with the combination 1,1, x where x = 3,4,5,6. Each number can be arranged in 3 ways, and we
have 4 such numbers: hence, a total of 12 numbers fulfilling the criteria.

We can factories 4 as 2*2 and the combination 2,2,1 can be used to form 3 more distinct numbers.

We can factorize 6 as 2*3 and the combination 1,2,3 can be used to form 6 additional distinct numbers.

Thus a total of 12 + 3 + 6 = 21 such numbers can be formed.

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Question 28

Mira and Amal walk along a circular track, starting from the same point at the same time. If they walk in the same direction, then in 45
minutes, Amal completes exactly 3 more rounds than Mira. If they walk in opposite directions, then they meet for the first time exactly
after 3 minutes. The number of rounds Mira walks in one hour is

Answer:8

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Considering the distance travelled by Mira in one minute = M,

The distance traveled by Amal in one minute = A.

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Given if they walk in the opposite direction it takes 3 minutes for both of them to meet. Hence 3*(A+M) = C. (1)

C is the circumference of the circle.

Similarly, it is mentioned that if both of them walk in the same direction Amal completes 3 more rounds than Mira :

Hence 45*(A-M) = 3C. (2)

Multiplying (1)*15 we have :

45A + 45M = 15C.

45A - 45M = 3C.

18C
Adding the two we have A = 90
12C
Subtracting the two M = 90
12C 12C
Since Mira travels 90 in one minute, in one hour she travels : 90 ⋅ 60 = 8C
Hence a total of 8 rounds.

Alternatively,

Let the length of track be L

and velocity of Mira be a and Amal be b
Now when they meet after 45 minutes Amal completes 3 more rounds than Mira
so we can say they met for the 3rd time moving in the same direction
so we can say they met for the first time after 15 minutes
So we know Time to meet = Relative distance /Relative velocity
15 L
so we get 60 = a−b (1)
Now When they move in opposite direction
They meet after 3 minutes
3 L
so we get 60 = a+b (2)
Dividing (1) and (2)
(a+b )
we get (a−b ) =5
or 4a =6b
or a = 3b/2
Now substituting in (1)
we get :
L 15
b × 2= 60
L 1
so b = 8
1
So we can say 1 round is covered in 8 hours
so in 1-hour total rounds covered = 8.

Question 29

In a quadrilateral ABCD, the length of side AD is equal to the length of side CD. If BD is joined, it is found that ∠DAB = ∠ DBA = 24∘ .
Then the value of ∠ ACB (in degrees)

Answer:66

Explanation:
In triangle DAB, ∠ DAB = DBA = 24∘ .
Hence, AD = DB
It is given that AB = CD => AD=CD =BD
Taking AB as radius and D as centre,

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In triangle ADB, ∠ ADB = 180 − 24 − 24 = 132
∠ ADB 132
Hence, ∠ ACB = 2 = 2 = 66 (The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is twice the angle subtended at the
circumference)

Question 30

A walking track AB is the diameter of a circular park of radius 10 m. A pole of height 6 m is standing on the circumference of the
circular park and it subtends equal angles at A and B. A point R lies on the line AB and the pole subtends 30° at R. What is the distance
of the point R from the center?

A 2 2

B 12

C 15

D 3 2
Answer: A

Explanation:
As given that pole subtends equal angle at the ends of the diameter AB. Then it will be at perpendicular from the center as given in the
figure below.

Here suppose the pole PQ subtends 30 ° on the point R.

Then PQ/PR= tan 30 °

PR=6 3

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Using Pythagoras theorem:

P R2 = P O2 + OR2
36 ∗ 3 = 100 + X 2
OR = 2 2

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Question 31

A train travelled at one-thirds of its usual speed, and hence reached the destination 30 minutes after the scheduled time. On its return
journey, the train initially travelled at its usual speed for 5 minutes but then stopped for 4 minutes for an emergency. The percentage by
which the train must now increase its usual speed so as to reach the destination at the scheduled time, is nearest to

A 50

B 58

C 67

D 61

Answer: C

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let the total distance be 'D' km and the speed of the train be 's' kmph. The time taken to cover D at speed d is 't' hours. Based on the
s 1
information: on equating the distance, we get s × t = 3 × (t + 2 )
1
On solving we acquire the value of t = 4 or 15 mins. We understand that during the return journey, the first 5 minutes are spent
s s s s
traveling at speed 's' {distance traveled in terms of s = 12 }. Remaining distance in terms of 's' = 4 − 12 = 6

The rest 4 minutes of stoppage added to this initial 5 minutes amounts to a total of 9 minutes. The train has to complete the rest of the
s6 1
journey in 15 − 9 = 6mins or {1/10 hours}. Thus, let 'x' kmph be the new value of speed. Based on the above, we get x = 10 or x =
10s
6
10s
( 6 −s) 200
Since the increase in speed needs to be calculated: s × 100 = 3 ≈ 67% increase.
Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

Question 32

The Sum S(n) is defined as the sum of the digits of the number till a single-digit number is obtained, order O(n) is defined as the
number of times S(n) is performed. The number of 3 digit numbers such that the S(n) is 8 and O(n) = 2.

For instance, n = 96 S(n) = 9+6 = 15 =1+5 = 6, O(n) = 2

A 64

B 45

C 27

D 55

Answer: A

Explanation:
Let abc be the 3 digit number.

Since the order is 2, the single-digit number is obtained after the second addition.
So 8 can be obtained if the two-digit numbers are 17, 71, 26, 62, 35, 53 and 44

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The sum of the digits of the three-digit numbers should be 17, 71, 26, 62, 35, 53 and 44.
But the maximum sum of digits for a three-digit number will be 9+9+9 = 27. So only 17 and 26 are possible.

a+b+c = 17, a+b+c = 26

Case 1: a+b+c = 17

Let a= 9-x, b= 9-y, c= 9-z

9-x+9-y+9-z = 17

x+y+z = 10

Number of ways = 10+3−1 C3−1

As a is the first digit so has to be greater than zero, therefore x cannot be equal to 10 and 9.

From this we have to remove the cases when x = 9, 10

When x = 10,y = z = 0 , so 3 cases

When x = 9, y+z=1, 2 cases

So the number of cases = 66-5 = 61

Case 2: when a+b+c = 26

(998), (989), (899) --- 3 cases

The total number of ways = 64

A is the correct answer.

Question 33

The total of male and female populations in a city increased by 25% from 1970 to 1980. During the same period, the male population
increased by 40% while the female population increased by 20%. From 1980 to 1990, the female population increased by 25%. In 1990,
if the female population is twice the male population, then the percentage increase in the total of male and female populations in the
city from 1970 to 1990 is

A 68.25

B 68.75

C 68.50

D 69.25

Answer: B

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let us solve this question by assuming values(multiples of 100) and not variables(x).

Since we know that the female population was twice the male population in 1990, let us assume their respective values as 200 and 100.

Note that while assuming numbers, some of the population values might come out as a fraction(which is not possible, since the
population needs to be a natural number). However, this would not affect our answer, since the calculations are in ratios and
percentages and not real values of the population in any given year.

Now, we know that the female population became 1.25 times itself in 1990 from what it was in 1980.

Hence, the female population in 1980 = 200/1.25 = 160

Also, the female population became 1.2 times itself in 1980 from what it was in 1970.

Hence, the female population in 1970 = 160/1.2 = 1600/12 = 400/3

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Let the male population in 1970 be x. Hence, the male population in 1980 is 1.4x.

Now, the total population in 1980 = 1.25 times the total population in 1970.

Hence, 1.25 (x + 400/3) = 1.4x + 160

Hence, x = 400/9.

Population change = 300 - 400/9 - 400/3 = 300 - 1600/9 = 1100/9

1100
9
1600 1100
percentage change = 9 × 100 = 16 % = 68.75%

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Question 34

Find the product of all the values of 3x + 2 such that the values of x satisfy the following equation: log3 (18 − 3x) = 3 − x.

A 64

B 63

C 67

D 36

Answer: C

Explanation:
For the equation to be defined, 0<18- 3x
So, the maximum value of x can be 2.
Also, 18- 3x =33−x
18=3x+ 33−x
33
18=3x + 3 x
Taking 3x as t, then:
33
18=t+ t
27
18=t+ t
t2 − 18t + 27 = 0
Let us take the two roots to be A and B. A and B would be values of 3x that satisfy the equation.
However, we need to find the product of 3x + 2 that satisfy the equation. So, we must find the value of (A+2)*(B+2) = AB + 2*(A+B) + 4.

From the quadratic equation t^2-18t+27=0, we know that A+B = 18 and AB=27
So, the required product will be 27+36+4 = 67

So the answer is Option C

Question 35

Three positive numbers a, b and c are such that (log10 a) ∗ (log10 cb) + (log10 b) ∗ (log10 c) = 388 and abc = 1099 .Find the value
of (log10 a)2 + (log10 b)2 + (log10 c)2 .

Answer:95

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Explanation:
We are given that abc = 1099
⇒ log10 abc = 99
⇒ log10 a + log10 b + log10 c = 99 ... (1)
Also (log10 a) ∗ (log10 cb) + (log10 b) ∗ (log10 c) = 388
⇒ (log10 a) ∗ [log10 b+ log10 c] + (log10 b) ∗ (log10 c) = 388

⇒ (log10 a) ∗ (log10 b) + (log10 b) ∗ (log10 c) + (log10 c) ∗ (log10 a) = 388 ... (2)

We know that (x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2(x ∗ y + y ∗ z + z ∗ x)
Therefore, (log10 a + log10 b + log10 c)2 = (log10 a)2 + (log10 b)2 + (log10 c)2
+ 2[(log10 a) ∗ (log10 b)+ (log10 b) ∗ (log10 c)+ (log10 c) ∗ (log10 a)]

⇒ (log10 a)2 + (log10 b)2 + (log10 c)2 = 992 − 2 ∗ 388

⇒ (log10 a)2 + (log10 b)2 + (log10 c)2 = 9025
2 2 2
⇒ (log10 a) + (log10 b) + (log10 c) = 95
Question 36

The density of a material is defined as the mass of the material divided by the volume of the material. The densities of three liquids A,
B and C are in the ratio 1:2:3. Three different masses of A, B and C which are in the ratio 2:3:5 are mixed, then find the ratio of overall
density of the new mixture to the density of B.

A 60:61

B 50:53

C 15:16

D 30:31

Answer: D

Explanation:
Assuming the masses of A, B and C are 2x, 3x and 5x and the densities are y, 2y and 3y.
2x
The volume of A = y
3x
The volume of B = 2y
5x
The volume of C = 3y
2x+3x+5x
2x 3x 5x 10y 60y
T otal M ass y + 2y + 3y
2 3 5
Now, the density of new mixture = T otal V olume = = 1+ 2+ 3 = 31

60y 30
The required ratio = 31× 2y = 31

XAT Score Vs Percentile

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Question 37

If f(x) = x 2 +3x, then which of the following options represents the graph given below?

A - f(x)

-|
B
f(x)|

C - f(-x)

D |f(x)|

Answer: B

Explanation:
f(x)= x(x+3).

f(x) = 0 at x = 0, -3

The graph of the function |f(x)|:

We can invert the graph by - |f(x)|.

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Option B is the correct answer.

Question 38
1 1
If (5.55)x = (0.555)y = 1000, then the value of x − y is

1
A 3

B 3

C 1

2
D 3

Answer: A

 Video Solution

Explanation:
We have, (5.55)x = (0.555)y = 1000
Taking log in base 10 on both sides,

x( log10 555-2) = y(log10 555-3) = 3

Then, x( log10 555-2) = 3.....(1)

y(log10 555-3) = 3 .....(2)

From (1) and (2)

3 3
=> log10 555= x +2= y +3
1 1 1
=> x − y = 3

Question 39

The sum of the perimeters of an equilateral triangle and a rectangle is 90cm. The area, T, of the triangle and the area, R, of the
rectangle, both in sq cm, satisfying the relationship R = T 2 . If the sides of the rectangle are in the ratio 1:3, then the length, in cm, of
the longer side of the rectangle, is

A 27

B 21

C 24

D 18
Answer: A

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  Video Solution

Explanation:
Let the sides of the rectangle be "a" and "3a" m. Hence the perimeter of the rectangle is 8a.

Let the side of the equilateral triangle be "m" cm. Hence the perimeter of the equilateral triangle is "3m" cm. Now we know that
8a+3m=90......(1)
3
Moreover area of the equilateral triangle is 4 m2 and area of the rectangle is 3a 2
2
3
According to the relation given ( 4 m2 ) = 3a 2
3 m4
16 m4 = 3a 2 or a 2 = 16

m2
a= 4

Substituting this in (1) we get 2m2 + 3m − 90 = 0 solving this we get m=6 (ignoring the negative value since side can't be negative)
Hence a=9 and the longer side of the rectangle will be 3a=27cm

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Question 40
x y z
If x > 0, y > 0, z > 0 and x + y + z = 3 then which of the following is correct about P where P = 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ?

A The minimum value of P is 1

B The maximum value of P is 1

C The minimum value of P is 3/4

D The maximum value of P is 5/4

Answer: A

Explanation:
Given x+y+z=3

A.M.. ≥ G.M. ≥ H.M.

So A.M. ≥H.M. Let the terms be 1/(4-x), 1/(4-y) and 1/(4-z).

1 1 1 1 4−x+4−y+4−z
3 [ 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ] ≥( 3 )−1
1 1 1 1 12−(x+y+z)
3 [ 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ] ≥( 3 )−1
1 1 1 1 1
3 [ 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ] ≥ 3

1 1 1
[ 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ] ≥1
4 4 4
[ 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ] ≥4
4 4 4
[ 4−x − 1 + 4−y −1+ 4−z − 1] ≥ 4-3
x y z
[ 4−x + 4−y + 4−z ] ≥1
Hence A is the correct answer.

Question 41

Ten men can complete a piece of work in 8 days while fifteen women take 6 days to complete the work. If 9 women and x men can
complete the work in 8 days. What is the value of x?

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A 5

B 4

C 2

D 3

Answer: C

Explanation:
Let m be the number of units of work done by a man on one day.
w be the number of units of work done by a woman in one day.

10m*8 = 15w*6
m 9v
w = 8v

(9w+xm)*8 = 10m*8

9*8v+x*9v = 10*9v

8+x=10

x=2

C is the correct answer.

Question 42

If f(x + y) = f(x)f(y) and f(5) = 4, then f(10) − f(−10) is equal to

A 14.0625

B 0

C 15.9375

D 3

Answer: C

 Video Solution

Explanation:
The given function is equivalent to f(x) = ax
Given, f(5) = 4
1
=> a 5 = 4 => a = 4 5
x
=> f(x) = 4 5

f(10) - f(-10) = 16 - 1/16 = 15.9375

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Question 43

Kookaburra Sport ltd. manufactures cricket bats and balls. All the bats are identical hence it takes the same amount of time in the
manufacturing each bat. The same is true for balls as well. All the workers who are employed in Kookaburra Sport ltd are equally
efficient. In one day, 20 workers can produce 60 bats and 40 balls. In two days, 45 workers can produce 180 bats and 225 balls. In six
days, 25 workers can manufacture ‘m’ bats and ‘n’ balls. If the value of |m - n| is the minimum, then find out the value of (m+n).

Answer:700

Explanation:

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It is given that all workers are equally efficient hence they must take the same amount of time to manufacture one bat and same is true
for a ball as well.
Let ‘x’ and ‘y’ be the number of days that 1 worker takes in manufacturing one bat and one ball.
Also, 45 workers in two days will accomplish the same amounts of work as 90 workers in one day.
Hence, we can say that,
⇒ 60x + 40y = 20
⇒ 3x + 2y = 1 … (1)
⇒ 180x + 225y = 2 ∗ 45
⇒ 4x + 5y = 2 … (2)
1 2
From equation (1) and equation (2), we can say that x = 7, y = 7

It is given that in 6 days 25 workers can manufacture ‘m’ bats and ‘n’ balls. Hence,
1 1
⇒ m ∗ ( 7 ) + n ∗ ( 7 ) = 6 ∗ 25
⇒ m + 2n = 1050
We can see that 0 ≤ m ≤ 1050, 0 ≤ n ≤ 525.
The value of |m - n| will be minimum when m = n. Therefore,
⇒ 3n = 1050
⇒ n = 350
Hence, the value of (m+n) = 350 + 350 = 700.

Question 44

One part of a hostel’s monthly expenses is fixed, and the other part is proportional to the number of its boarders. The hostel collects ₹
1600 per month from each boarder. When the number of boarders is 50, the profit of the hostel is ₹ 200 per boarder, and when the
number of boarders is 75, the profit of the hostel is ₹ 250 per boarder. When the number of boarders is 80, the total profit of the hostel,
in INR, will be

A 20200

B 20500

C 20800

D 20000

Answer: B

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Profit per boarder = Total profit / Number of boarders.

Let the number of boarders be n.

Profit/boarder = 1600 - (Total cost/n)

Let the total cost be a + bn, where a = fixed, and b is the variable additional cost per boarder.

Profit/boarder = 1600 - (a + bn)/n

Profit/boarder = 1600 - a/n - b

1600 - a/50 - b = 200

1600 - a/75 - b = 250

Solving, we get a = 7500, and b = 1250

Hence, total profit with 80 people = 80 ( 1600 - 7500/80 - 1250) = 80 (350 - 7500/80) = 28000 - 7500 = Rs. 20500

Question 45
1 5
For real x, if x2 − 5x + x2 − x − 4 ≤ 0. Find the difference of the largest and smallest possible integral value of x.

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Answer:4

Explanation:
1 5
We have, x2 − 5x + x2 − x − 4 ≤ 0 which can be rearranged as:
1 5
x2 + + 2 − 2 − 5x − − 4 ≤ 0
x2 x
1 5
=> x2 + x2 + 2 − 5x − x − 6 ≤ 0
1 2 1
=> (x + x ) − 5 (x + x ) − 6 ≤ 0
1
Assuming x + x = t
=> t2 − 5t − 6 ≤ 0
=> (t-6)(t+1)≤ 0
=> −1 ≤ t ≤ 6
1
=> −1 ≤ x + x ≤ 6
1
Using AM-GM, the minimum value of x + x for x>0 will be 2.
1
=> x + x ≥2
1
Hence, in 2 ≤ x + x ≤ 6
1
x + x ≥ 2, will be true for all positive real values of x. =>x>0
The smallest integral value satisfying will be x=1
1
Also, x + x ≤ 6, the largest value satisfying the equation will be 5 because x=6, then 6+1/6(a positive value) will be greater than 6.
Hence the smallest value integral value satisfying is 1 and the largest integral value satisying is 5.
Difference = 5-1 = 4

Question 46

The number of pairs of integers (x, y) satisfying x ≥ y ≥ −20 and 2x + 5y = 99

Answer:17

 Video Solution

Explanation:
(99−5y)
We have 2x + 5y = 99 or x= 2
(99−5y)
Now x ≥ y ≥ −20 ; So 2 ≥ y ; 99 ≥ 7y or y ≤ ≈ 14
So −20 ≤ y ≤ 14. Now for this range of "y", we have to find all the integral values of "x". As the coefficient of "x" is 2,
then (99 - 5y) must be even, which will happen when "y" is odd. However, there are only 17 odd values of "y" be -20 and 14.

Hence the number of possible values is 17.

Question 47

Aman and Mukesh can do a work in 16 days and ‘ k’ days respectively. If they work on alternate days, they can finish the work exactly
by the end of the same number of days irrespective of who starts the job. How many values can ‘ k’ take if ‘k’ is a positive integer?

Answer:4

Explanation:
Let the total work be 16 k units (lcm of 16 and k)
Aman’s 1 day’s work = k units

Mukesh’s 1 day’s work = 16 units

Work done by both of them in 2 days when working alternately = (16 + k) units
16k
Time take to complete the work when working alternately = 16 + k ∗ 2

16k
If they finish the work in same number of days irrespective of who starts the job, 16 + k ∗ 2 must be an even number.

16k
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 16k
This implies that 16 + k must be an integer.
16k
We can write 16 + k as

16k + 256 − 256

16 + k

16(k + 16) − 256

= 16 + k
256
=16 − 16 + k

So, k can take all such values for which (16 + k) is a factor of 256
Therefore, the possible values of k are 240, 112, 48, 16.
Thus, there are four values of k.

Hence, 4 is the correct answer.

Question 48
log 15 a+log 32 a
For a real number a, if (log 15 a)(log 32 a) = 4 then a must lie in the range

A 2<a<3

B 3<a<4

C 4<a<5

D a>5
Answer: C

 Video Solution

Explanation:
log 15 a+log 32 a
We have : (log 15 a)(log 32 a) =4
log a log a
( log 15 + log 32 )
log a log a
log 15 × log 32
We get =4
we get log a (log 32+ log 15) = 4 (log a )2
we get (log 32 + log 15) = 4 log a
=log 480 = log a 4
=a 4 = 480
so we can say a is between 4 and 5 .

Question 49

A batsman played n + 2 innings and got out on all occasions. His average score in these n + 2 innings was 29 runs and he scored 38
and 15 runs in the last two innings. The batsman scored less than 38 runs in each of the first n innings. In these n innings, his average
score was 30 runs and lowest score was x runs. The smallest possible value of x is

A 4

B 3

C 2

D 1

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 Answer: C

 Video Solution

Explanation:
sum of scores in n matches+38+15
Given, n+2 = 29
sum of scores in n matches
Given, n = 30
=> 30n + 53 = 29(n+2) => n=5

Sum of the scores in 5 matches = 29*7 - 38-15 = 150

Since the batsmen scored less than 38, in each of the first 5 innings. The value of x will be minimum when remaining four values are
highest

=> 37+37+37+37 + x = 150

=> x = 2

Question 50

Triangle ABC has a perimeter of 20 units. Which of the following can be the area of the triangle (in square units)?

32
A 3

110
B 3 3

C 20 3

D More than one of the above

Answer: A

Explanation:
The least possible area that a triangle can have is close to 0 (By nearly making the height equal to zero).
Therefore, the maximum possible area will be the limiting condition.
For a given perimeter, an equilateral triangle will have the maximum possible area.
Side of an equilateral triangle = 20/3 cm.
3
Area of the equilateral triangle with side 20/3 cm = 4 ∗ (20/3)2
100 3
Area = 9
= 11.11 3.

Let us evaluate the options.

110 100
Option B ( 3 3 ) is greater than the greatest possible area ( 3 3 ).

We can eliminate option C as well since 20 3 is greater than 11.11 3.

Option A:
32 32 3
3 = 3 = 10.67 3.

As we can see, only option A is less than 11.11 3 and hence, option A is the right answer.

Question 51

The difference between the lengths of the inradius and circumradius of a right-angled triangle is equal to a fourth of the length of the
hypotenuse of the triangle. A square is constructed using the hypotenuse of the triangle as the base. What is the ratio of the areas of
the triangle and the square?

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A 1:2

B 1:3

C 7:16

D 5:16

Answer: D

Explanation:
a+b−h
We know that the length of the inradius of a right-angled triangle is given by the formula 2 , where a and b are the lengths of the
arms of the triangle and h is the length of the hypotenuse of the triangle.
h
Also, we know that the length of the circumradius of a right-angled triangle is 2 .

Circumradius of a triangle is always greater than its inradius.

h a+b−h h
Therefore, 2 − 2 = 4
a+b h
h− 2 = 4
a+b 3h
2 = 4
3h
a+b= 2
Squaring on both sides, we get,
9h2
(a + b)2 = 4
9h2
a 2 + b2 + 2ab = 4 --------------(1)

We know that in a right-angled triangle, a 2 + b2 = h2 .

Substituting in (1), we get,
9h2
h2 + 2ab = 4
5h2
2ab = 4
5h2
ab = 8
ab 5h2
2 = 16
ab
We know that the area of the triangle is 2 .
Area of the square = h2 .
5h2
16

Ratio of the areas of the triangle and the square = h2 = 5 : 16.

Therefore, option D is the right answer.

Alternate solution:

Let ' R' be the circumradius of the triangle and ' r' be the inradius.
For a right-angled triangle, area = r(r + 2R)

It has been given that difference between the lengths of circumradius and inradius is equal to one-fourth the hypotenuse of the triangle.
Hypotenuse = 2*circumradius
R
=> R − r = 2
R = 2r
Area of the triangle =r(r + 2 ∗ 2r) = 5r2
Area of the square = (2R)2 = (2 ∗ 2r)2 = 16r2

Therefore, the required ratio is 5 : 16.

XAT Previous Papers

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Question 52

We are told that f(x) is a polynomial function such that f(a)f(b) = f(a) + f(b) + f(ab) - 2 and f(4) = 17, find the value of f(7).

Answer:50

Explanation:
f(a)f(b) = f(a) + f(b) + f(ab) - 2
Put a = b = 1.
[f(1)]2 = 3f(1) − 2 => f(1) = 1 (or) 2.
Let's assume f(1) = 1
Now, put b = 1.
f(a) = 2f(a) - 1
=> f(a) = 1 => For all values of a, f(a) = 1.
This is false because f(4) = 17.
=> f(1) = 2 is the correct value.
Now put b = 1/a
f(a)f(1/a) = f(a) + f(1/a) + 2 - 2
=> f(a)f(1/a) = f(a) + f(1/a)

So taking RHS terms to LHS and adding 1 to both sides we get

f(a)f(1/a) - f(a) - f(1/a) +1 = 1
(f(a) - 1) (f(1/a)-1) = 1
Let g(x) = f(x)-1
So g(x)*g(1/x) = 1
So g(x) is of the form ±xn
So f(x) is of the form ±xn + 1.

f(a) = ±a n + 1 satisfies the above condition.

−4n + 1 = 17 => −4n = 16, which is not possible.
4a + 1 = 17 => n = 2
=> f(a) = a 2 + 1
=> f(7) = 72 + 1 = 50

Question 53

A takes 16 days more and B takes 4 days more than the number of days taken by both of them if they work together, to complete a
piece of work. How many days does A take to complete the same piece of work, working alone?

Answer:24

Explanation:
Suppose they take x days together to complete the work.
1/x = (1/(x+4))+ 1/(x+16)
x = 8 satisfies the given equation.
Time taken by A = 8+16 = 24 days.

Question 54

The mean score of ten batsmen of Hyderabad cricket team in a match is 60. If the top five scores of the batsmen are removed while
calculating the average, the average falls by five. If the top six scores are distinct integers, what is the maximum possible score of any
batsmen?

A 102

B 87

C 95

D 126

Answer: C

Explanation:
Total score of the 10 batsmen = 600

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Average of bottom five batsmen = 55
Total score of bottom five batsmen = 275
Total score of top 5 batsmen = 325
To obtain the maximum score, the scores of others are to be minimised
The minimum score of the top five batsmen can be 56 when all the bottom five batsman have 55 as their score.
Hence, 56,57,58,59,95 are the scores of the top five batsmen.

XAT Free Mock Test

Question 55

A square ABCD in inscribed inside a circle. A circle is inscribed in the square ABCD. This process is repeated infinitely. What is the sum
of areas of all the circles, if the radius of the first circle is 5cm?

A 100π

B 25π

C 50π

D 45π
Answer: C

Explanation:
The diagonal of the first square is the diameter of the first circle = 10. The side of the first square is the diameter of the second circle =
10/ 2. The area of the first circle is 25π. The area of the second circle = 25π/2. Therefore, the sum of areas = 25π + 25π/2 + 25π/4 +
…. = 50π.

Question 56

The value of 13 − 23 + 33 − 43 ...................... − 1003 is

A -507500

B -681750

C -676700

D -504000

Answer: A

Explanation:
13 − 23 + 33 − 43 ...................... − 1003
=13 + 23 + 33 .......1003 − 2 (23 + 43 + 63 .........1003 )
=13 + 23 + 33 .......1003 − 2 × 23 (13 + 23 + 33 .........503 )
100× 101 2 50× 51 2
=( 2 ) − 16 ( 2 )
=502 × 1012 − 4 × 502 × 512
=502 (1012 − 22 × 512 )
= 502 (101 − 102) (101 + 102)

=-507500

A is the correct answer.

Question 57

What is 7330th term in the sequence 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 8, . . . . . is?

Answer:172

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Explanation:
We see that 2 is repeated twice. So use of 2 ends in 2nd term.
Then 4 is repeated four times. So use of 4 ends in 2+4 i.e 6th term
Then 6 is repeated six times. So use of 6 ends in 2+4+6 i.e 12th term
And so on
.
.
Then 170 is repeated 170 times. So use of 170 ends in 2+4+6+…+170
Now, 2+4+6+…+170 = 7310
7311th term would be 172 and will be repeated 172 times.
So 7330th term must be 172.

XAT Decision Making Mock Tests

Question 58

A dishonest milkman dilutes milk with water and then sells the diluted milk at 25% more than the price at which he purchased the milk.
If he makes a profit of 40% by implementing this process. Find the volume of water(in ml) added to every litre of pure milk (Assume
water is free of cost)

Answer:120

Explanation:
Let the cost price of 1 litre of pure milk = Rs. 12 (value taken for easier calculations)

Then the selling price of 1 liter of solution= Rs 15

y be the volume of water added to every 1 litre of solution => SP of (1+y) litres of solution = 15 x (1+y)
(1+y)15−12
12 = 0.4
1.8
y = 15
1.8
The volume of water added in ml = 15 *1000 = 120ml

120 is the correct answer.

Question 59

In a quadilateral PQRS, T is a point on the side PQ such that ∠PST = ∠STR = ∠TRQ = 45°. If PS = 16 cm and RQ = 24 cm then find out
the area of triangle TRS?

A 72 2 sq. cm

B 192 2 sq. cm

C 144 2 sq. cm

D 96 2 sq. cm
Answer: D

Explanation:
We are given that ∠PST = ∠STR ,therefore, we can say that PS ∥ TR
Similarly, ∠STR = ∠TRQ, TS ∥ QR

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In triangles PST and TRQ,

TS ∥ QR , PS ∥ TR and ∠PST = ∠TRQ

Hence, we can say that △PST ∼ △TRQ.
PS TR
Therefore, we can say that ST = RQ

⇒ ST*TR = PS*RQ = 16*24 = 384 sq. cm

1 1 1
We know that area of triangle TRS = 2 ∗ ST ∗ T R ∗ sin45° = 2 2 ∗ ST ∗ T R = 2 2 ∗ 384 = 96 2 sq. cm

Thus, option D is the correct answer.

Question 60

Mohd. Ismail has a big family including one kid. After he lost his employment, he was dependant entirely on his bank balance to
support his family. The balance he had would support his family for 90 days. After 40 days of losing his job, 4 guests visited his house
and the balance was empty in 75 days from the day he lost his job. Assuming that the expenses were proportional to the number of
family members and guests and that the kid uses exactly onethird of the expenses as the other members, what was the original number
people in Ismail's family (Count the kid as one member)?

Answer:10

Explanation:
Let each member of the family apart from the kid use Rs. 3x in a day.
Let the kid of the family use Rs. x in a day.

Let there be 'n' members and a kid in the family initially.

Total bank balance = (n*3x+1*x) * 90 = 270nx+90x

Rupees used in 40 days = 40*n*3x + 40*1*x= 120nx+40x

The amount used by the guests and family members = 35*(n+4)*3x+35x = 105nx+455x

But (120nx+40x) + (105nx+455x) = 270nx+90x

45nx = 405x
n = 405/45 = 9

So, there are 10 members in the family including the kid.

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Question 61

A solid right circular cone of height 27 cm is cut into two pieces along a plane parallel to its base at a height of 18 cm from the base. If
the difference in volume of the two pieces is 225 cc, the volume, in cc, of the original cone is

A 243

B 232

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 256
C

D 264

Answer: A

 Video Solution

Explanation:

Let the base radius be 3r.

Height of upper cone is 9 so, by symmetry radius of upper cone will be r.

π
Volume of frustum= 3 (9r2 ⋅ 27 − r2 .9)
π
Volume of upper cone = 3 .r2 .9
π π
Difference= 3 ⋅ 9 ⋅ r2 ⋅ 25 = 225 => 3 ⋅ r2 = 1
π
Volume of larger cone = 3 ⋅ 9r2 ⋅ 27 = 243
Question 62

In a group of 10 students, the mean of the lowest 9 scores is 42 while the mean of the highest 9 scores is 47. For the entire group of 10
students, the maximum possible mean exceeds the minimum possible mean by

A 5

B 4

C 3

D 6

Answer: B

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let x(1) be the least number and x(10) be the largest number. Now from the condition given in the question , we can say that

x(2)+x(3)+x(4)+........x(10)= 47*9=423...................(1)

Similarly x(1)+x(2)+x(3)+x(4)................+x(9)= 42*9=378...............(2)

Subtracting both the equations we get x(10)-x(1)=45

Now, the sum of the 10 observations from equation (1) is 423+x(1)

Now the minimum value of x(10) will be 47 and the minimum value of x(1) will be 2 . Hence minimum average 425/10=42.5

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Maximum value of x(1) is 42. Hence maximum average will be 465/10=46.5

Hence difference in average will be 46.5-42.5=4 which is the correct answer

Question 63

The number of integral solutions of the equation 2x(4 − x) = 2(x + 2) is

Answer:3

Explanation:
2x > 0
2(x+2)
So 4−x > 0

(x + 2)(4 − x) > 0
-2 < x < 4

From this range of values only x = 0, 1, 2 satisfies the equation.

Hence 3 is the correct answer.

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Question 64

In triangle ABC, two points P and Q are on AB and BC respectively such that AP:BP=1:4 and BQ:CQ=2:3. The ratio of areas of triangle
BPQ and the quadrilateral PQCA is

8
A 25

17
B 25

9
C 17

8
D 17

Answer: D

Explanation:

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We have AP:PB=1:4 and BQ:CQ=2:3
1
Now the area of ABC= 2 BA ∗ BCsinθ = x (Assume)
1 1 4 2 8
Similarly, area of BPQ= 2 BP ∗ BQsinθ = 2 ( 5 BA) ∗ ( 5 BC)sinθ = 25 x
8
areaBPQ areaBPQ 25 x
8 8
Now, areaPQCA = areaABC−areaBPQ = x− 25 x = 17

Question 65

Aditya, Bikas and Chandu together take 12 days to complete a work. The time taken by Aditya and Bikas is 25% of the time taken by
Chandu alone to complete the work. Time taken by Chandu and Bikas to complete the work is equal to the time taken by Aditya alone to
complete the work. Find the time taken by Aditya and Chandu to complete the work when Aditya works at 80% of his actual efficiency
while Chandu works at his actual efficiency.

A 24

B 15

C 20

120
D 7

Answer: C

Explanation:
Let us assume Aditya does a units of work per day, Bikas does b units of work per day and Chandu does c units of work per day.
Now total work would be: 12(a+b+c)
Now as per given condition :
we get,
(a+b )
4 = c and (1)
b+c=a (2)
Putting a=b+c in (1)
we get
2b=3c
b 3
c = 2
⇒a:b:c=5:3:2

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Now total time taken by Aditya and Chandu to complete the work if Aditya works at 80% of his efficiency and Chandu works at his actual
efficiency would be:
(12 (5+3+2 ))
5× 0.8+2
120
⇒ 6 = 20 days.

Question 66

John takes twice as much time as Jack to finish a job. Jack and Jim together take one-thirds of the time to finish the job than John
takes working alone. Moreover, in order to finish the job, John takes three days more than that taken by three of them working
together. In how many days will Jim finish the job working alone?

Answer:4

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let Jack take "t" days to complete the work, then John will take "2t" days to complete the work. So work done by Jack in one day is (1/t)
and John is (1/2t) .
1 1 3 1 1
Now let Jim take "m" days to complete the work. According to question, t + m = 2t or m = 2t or m = 2t Hence Jim takes "2t" time
to complete the work.

Now let the three of them complete the work in "p" days. Hence John takes "p+3" days to complete the work.
1 4
2t (m + 3) = ( 2t ) m
1 4
2t (m + 3) = ( 2t ) m
or m=1. Hence JIm will take (1+3)=4 days to complete the work. Similarly John will also take 4 days to complete the work

Important Formulas for XAT Download PDF

Question 67

An infinite geometric progression has the sum 10. Sum of all the possible integral values of the first term is

Answer:180

Explanation:
Let us consider the first term of GP=a

Common ratio=r
a
1−r =10
a
r=1- 10

-1 < r< 1
a
-1 < 1- 10 < 1

0 < a < 20 but the value of a cannot be 10

Sum of possible integral values of a =Sum of first 19 Natural Numbers - 10

19∗20
= 2 - 10

=180

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Question 68

A square of length 1 m is inside a square of length 2 m and four quarter circles are joined as shown in the figure. The value of y —x is
given by,

8−π
A 10

4−π
B 5

2π−1
C 8

π−3
D 4

Answer: D

Explanation:

From the above figure area of the region bounded by ABCDEFGH = Are of the square with side 2 - (4*quadrants with side 1cm + 4x)

=4-π -4x

Which is same as the area of the square with side 1 cm -4y

4- π -4x = 1-4y

4x-4y=3-π
π−3
y-x= 4

D is the correct answer.

Question 69

The cost of 4 pens, 10 pencils and 14 erasers at a stationery shop is Rs 120. At the same shop, the cost of 6 pens and 10 erasers is Rs
60 more than 12 pencils. By how much amount (in Rs.) does the cost of 78 pencils and 2 erasers exceed the cost of 12 pens?

Answer:120

Explanation:
Let the cost of a pen be x, the cost of a pencil be y and the cost of an eraser be z.
4x + 10y + 14z = 120
=> 2x + 5y + 7z = 60 → (1)

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6x + 10z = 60 + 12y
=> 6x - 12y + 10z = 60
=> 3x - 6y + 5z = 30 → (2)
We need the value of 78y + 2z - 12x = 2*(-6x + 39y + z)
3*(1) - 4*(2) gives 6x + 15y + 21z - 12x + 24y - 20z = 180 - 120
=> -6x + 39y + z = 60
So, the required value is 2*60 = 120

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Question 70

A contractor agreed to construct a 6 km road in 200 days. He employed 140 persons for the work. After 60 days, he realized that only
1.5 km road has been completed. How many additional people would he need to employ in order to finish the work exactly on time?

Answer:40

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let the desired efficiency of each worker '6x' per day.

140*6x*200= 6 km ...(i)

In 60 days 60/200*6=1.8 km of work is to be done but actually 1.5km is only done.

Actual efficiency 'y'= 1.5/1.8 *6x =5x.

Now, left over work = 4.5km which is to be done in 140 days with 'n' workers whose efficiency is 'y'.

=> n*5x*140=4.5 ...(ii)

(i)/(ii) gives,
(140⋅6x⋅200 ) 6
(n⋅5x⋅140 ) = 4.5

=> n=180.

.'. Extra 180-140 =40 workers are needed.

Question 71

For a natural number X, P(X) represents the probability that a palindrome natural number (chosen randomly) less than X is divisible by
11. Then,

A P(5000) > P(1000) > P (10000)

B P(10000) > P(5000) > P(1000)

C P(1000) > P(100) > P(10)

D P(100)>P(10)>P(1000)

Answer: B

Explanation:
An even digit palindrome number is always divisible by 11, while an odd digit palindrome number is not always divisible by 11. So,
P(10000) > P(5000) > P(1000).

Question 72

N is a multiple of 72. Also, it is known that all the digits of N are different. What is the largest possible value of N?

Answer:9876543120

Explanation:
We know that the number is a multiple of 72. Therefore, the number must be a multiple of both 8 and 9.

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If the number contains all the digits from 0 to 9, the sum of the digits will be 9*10/2 = 45.
Therefore, a number containing all the ten digits will be divisible by 9.
For a number to be divisible by 8, the last 3 digits should be divisible by 8.
Now, we have to find the largest possible number. Therefore, the left-most digit must be 9, the second digit from the left should be 8 and
so on.
We'll get 9876543210 as the number. However, the last 3 digits are not divisible by 8. We must try to make the last 3 digits divisible by 8
without altering the position of other numbers. '120' is divisible by 8.

Therefore, the largest number with different digits divisible by 72 is 9876543120.

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Question 73

In a circle, two chords AB and CD intersect at a point E as shown in the figure. If AB = 6 cm and CD = 10 cm and ∠ OED = 30°, then find
out the radius of the given circle.

A 34 cm

B 31 cm

C 33 cm

D 4 2 cm
Answer: C

Explanation:
Let us draw perpendicular from centre of the circle to AB and CD.

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We are given that ∠ OED = 30°, therefore ∠ AOE =90°-30° = 60°.
Let 'R' be the radius of the given circle. Then, in right-angle triangle ODF,

⇒ OF 2 = OD2 − F D2
⇒ OF 2 = R2 − 52
⇒ OF = R2 − 25 cm.
In right-angle triangle OFE,
OF
⇒ sinOEF = OE
1 OF
⇒ 2 = OE

⇒ OE = 2 ∗ R2 − 25 ... (1)
Similarly, in right-angle triangle OGA,

⇒ OG2 = OA2 − AG2

⇒ OG = R2 − 9
In right-angle triangle OGE,
OG
⇒ sinOEG = OE

3 OG
⇒ 2 = OE
2
⇒ OE = 3 ∗ R2 − 9 ... (2)

By equating (1) and (2)

2
⇒2∗ R2 − 25 = 3 ∗ R2 − 9

⇒ 3 ∗ (R2 − 25) = R2 − 9
⇒ 2R2 = 66
⇒R = 33 cm. Hence, option C is the correct answer.
Question 74

Let C be a circle of radius 5 meters having center at O. Let PQ be a chord of C that passes through points A and B where A is located 4
meters north of O and B is located 3 meters east of O. Then, the length of PQ, in meters, is nearest to

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A 8.8

B 7.8

C 6.6

D 7.2

Answer: A

 Video Solution

Explanation:
We can form the following figure based on the given information:

Since OA = 4 m and OB=3 m; AB = 5 m. OR bisects the chord into PC and QC.

Since AB = 5 m, we have a + b = 5 ...(i) Also, 42 − k2 = a 2 ... (ii) and 32 − k2 = b2 ... (iii)

Subtracting (iii) from (ii), we get: a 2 − b2 = 7... (iv)
7
Substituting (i) in (iv), we get a − b = 1.4 ...(v); [(a + b) (a − b) = 7; ∴ (a − b) = 5 ]
Solving (i) and (v), we obtain the value of a = 3.2 and b = 1.8
Hence, k2 = 5.76
Moving on to the larger triangle △ P OC , we have 52 − k2 = (x + a )2 ;
2
Substituting the previous values, we get: (25 − 5.76) = (x + 3.2)
19.24 = (x + 3.2) or x = 1.19m
Similarly, solving for y using △ QOC , we get y = 2.59m
Therefore, P Q = 5 + 2.59 + 1.19 = 8.78 ≈ 8.8m
Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

Question 75

A shopkeeper bought 23 pens, 60 pencils and 28 erasers and paid his dealer Rs. 2530. The next day, he bought 17 pens, 44 pencils and
21 erasers and paid his dealer Rs. 1890. One day, he bought only 4 pens and 16 pencils. How much did he pay the dealer that day?

A 80

B 120

C 160

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 Cannot be determined
D

Answer: B

Explanation:
Let x, y, and z represent the cost of pens, pencils and erasers respectively. Then

23x+60y+28z=2530 -(1)

17x+44y+21z=1890 -(2)

We have to obtain the expression 4x+16y+0z on the LHS to get the cost on the RHS.

Let (1) is multiplied with a and (2) is multiplied with b to yield the expression.

Then 23a+17b will give us 4, that is 23a+17b=4. (3)

Also, 28a+21b = 0, or 4a = -3b. Let a=3m, then b becomes -4m. (4)

Putting (4) in (3), we get 69m-68m=4, m=4.

Thus, a=12 and b=-16.

Multiplying (1) with 12 and (2) with -16 and adding, we get the cost:

4x + 16y = 2530 × 12 − 1890 × 16 = 120

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Question 76

If log9 (x − 1) = log3 (x − 3), then the sum of all the possible solutions of x is

Answer:5

Explanation:
log9 (x − 1) = log3 (x − 3)
log (x−1 ) log (x−3 )
log 9 = log 3

log (x−1 ) log (x−3 )

2 log 3 = log 3

(x − 1) = (x − 3)2
x2 − 6x + 9 − x + 1 = 0
x = 5, 2

Let's see if the values satifies the equation

If x = 2, the expression inside the log will become negative, which is invalid.

If x = 5, log9 4 = log3 2
The sum of the values of x which satisfies the equation is 5

Question 77

AB and AC are tangents to the circle with centre O. If the radius of the circle is 5 and length of the tangent is 5 3, what is the area of
the shaded region?

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 π
A 25( 3 − 3 )

3 π
B 25( 2 − 4)
π
C 25( 3 − 4 )
π
D 25( 3 − 6 )
Answer: A

Explanation:

5 3
In the triangle BOA, tan θ = 5 = 3
Therefore, θ = 60 degrees.
The shaded area = Area of two triangles - area of section of circle.
As the radius is perpendicular to a tangent, triangle OAB is a right angled triangle, with right angle at B, with area=1/2 ∗ 5 ∗ 5 3.
Hence area of both triangles= 2 ∗ 1/2 ∗ 5 ∗ 5 3 = 25 3.
5 3
The angle BOA= tan−1 5 = 60∘ .
Hence, angle BOC = 2*BOA = 120°
π(5 2 )
Hence the area of the section = area of circle/3 = 3 .
π
Hence area of shaded portion= 25( 3 − 3)
Question 78

The number of real-valued solutions of the equation 2x + 2−x = 2 − (x − 2)2 is:

A 1

B 2

C infinite

D 0

Answer: D

 Video Solution

Explanation:

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The graphs of 2x + 2−xand2 − (x − 2)2 never intersect. So, number of solutions=0.

Alternate method:

We notice that the minimum value of the term in the LHS will be greater than or equal to 2 {at x=0; LHS = 2}. However, the term in the RHS
is less than or equal to 2 {at x=2; RHS = 2}. The values of x at which both the sides become 2 are distinct; hence, there are zero real-
valued solutions to the above equation.

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Question 79

The product of the distinct roots of ∣ x2 − x − 6 ∣= x + 2 is

A −16

B -4

C -24

D -8

Answer: A

 Video Solution

Explanation:
We have, ∣ x2 − x − 6 ∣= x + 2
=> |(x-3)(x+2)|=x+2

For x<-2, (3-x)(-x-2)=x+2

=> x-3=1 =>x=4 (Rejected as x<-2)

For -2≤ x<3, (3-x)(x+2)=x+2 =>x=2,-2

For x≥ 3, (x-3)(x+2)=x+2 =>x=4

Hence the product =4*-2*2=-16

Question 80
1 1
If the coefficient of x8 in the expansion (px2 + qx )13 equals the coefficient of x−8 in (px − qx2 )13 , what is the relationship between p
and q?

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A p+q=0

B p=q

C pq=-1

D pq=1

Answer: C

Explanation:
1
Let the term with coefficient x8 in the expansion (px2 + qx )13 be the a th term.
So, 2*a-(13-a) = 8
or a=7
So, the coefficient of x8 is 13 C7 ∗ p7 ∗ q−6
1
Similarly, the term with coefficient x−8 in the expansion (px − qx2 )13 is the sixth term.

So, the coefficient of x−8 is -13 C6 ∗ p6 ∗ q−7

As, both of them are equal, pq = -1

Question 81

A cricket camp invited 500 cricket players who were batsmen, bowlers, and all-rounders(who can both bat and bowl). 60% of the
players were batsman and 70% of them were bowlers. 50% of the pure batsmen (who can only bat), 60% of the pure bowlers (who can
only bowl) and 20% of the all-rounders were left-handed. How many right-handed players were part of the cricket camp?

A 275

B 360

C 225

D 210

Answer: A

Explanation:
Given, there are 60% batsmen and 70% bowlers

So, (60-x)+x+(70-x)= 100

=> 130-x= 100

.'. x= 30%

So, the team has 30% of pure batsman, 30% of all rounders and 40% of pure bowlers.

Left handed players= (50% of 30% of the team)+(60% of the 40% of team)+(20% of 30% of the team)
50 30 60 40 20 30
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 50 30 60 40 20 30
= ( 100 × 100 × 500) + ( 100 × 100 × 500) + ( 100 × 100 × 500) = 75+120+30= 225
The total number of right-handed players=500-225=275.

XAT Decision Making Free Video

Question 82

A shopkeeper has 5 dozens of apples. On selling 12 apples for Rs.600, he incurs a loss equal to the cost price of 2 apples. At what total
price should he mark the remaining 4 dozens so that even after giving 20% discount, he would have an overall gain of 10%?

Answer:4200

Explanation:
CP = SP + loss
So, CP of 12 apples = SP of 12 apples+ CP of 2 apples
=> CP of 10 apples = SP of 12 apples
SP of 12 apples = Rs.600
=> CP of 10 apples = Rs.600
CP of 1 apple = Rs. 60
Total CP = Rs. (5 * 12 * 60) = Rs. 3600
Required overall gain = 10%
Required total SP = Rs. 3600 + 10% of Rs. 3600 = Rs. 3960
Remaining apples = 4 dozens
Required SP for 4 dozens = Rs. (3960 - 600) = Rs.3360
According to the question,
MP - 20% of MP = Rs. 3360
Or, MP = Rs. 4200
Hence, 4200 is the correct answer.

Question 83

The number of positive integral solutions for the equation

3x−7
log2 2x+3 ≤0

A 10

B 8

C 16

D Infinite

Answer: B

Explanation:
3x−7
We have log2 2x+3 ≤0
3x−7
=> 2x+3 ≤1
=> 3x - 7 ≤ 2x + 3
=> x ≤ 10
=> We know that logarithm is defined only for positive integers, so
3x−7
=> 2x+3 ≥ 0
=> x > 7/3 or x < -3/2 but we have been asked only about the positive solutions so we can ignore the negative x. Hence x > 7/3
So x can take all integer values between 7/3 and 10 (10 included).
Hence required values are 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10
So correct answer is 8.

Question 84
21
Which of the following can't be the sum of the squares of the roots of the equation: x2 + (p + 6)x + (p + 4 ) = 0, if both the roots
are imaginary.

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 21
A 4

17
B 4

15
C 4

13
D 4

Answer: A

Explanation:
We are given that root are imaginary, therefore,
21
⇒ (p + 6)2 − 4(p + 4 ) < 0

⇒ p2 + 12p + 36 − 4p − 21 < 0

⇒ p2 + 8p + 15 < 0

⇒ (p + 5)(p + 3) < 0
Therefore, p = (-5, -3) ... (1)

Let 'a' and 'b' be the roots of the given quadratic equation,

⇒ a 2 + b2 = (a + b)2 − 2ab
21
⇒ a 2 + b2 = (p + 6)2 − 2(p + 4 )
51
⇒ a 2 + b2 = p2 + 10p + 2
51
⇒ a 2 + b2 = p2 + 10p + 25 − 25 + 2
1
⇒ a 2 + b2 = (p + 5)2 + 2 ... (2)

We know that −5 < p < −3

⇒ −5 + 5 < p + 5 < −3 + 5
⇒ 0<p+5<2
⇒ 0 < (p + 5)2 < 4
1 1 1
2
⇒ 0 + 2 < (p + 5) + 2 < 4 + 2
1 9
2
⇒ 2 <a +b < 22

21
Hence we can say that the sum of the squares of the roots of the given equation can't be 4 . Hence, option A is the correct answer.

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Question 85

The average of a group of 11 distinct positive integers is 57. If the average of the smallest 6 integers is 23, what is the maximum
possible value of the largest integer?

Answer:375

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Explanation:
Average of 11 integers = 57
Sum of 11 integers = 57 * 11 = 627
Average of the smallest 6 integers = 23
Sum of the smallest 6 integers = 23 * 6 = 138
Sum of the other 5 integers = 627 - 138 = 489
To maximise the largest integer, all other integers must be minimised.
So, the least 6 integers must be (20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26)
Other four integers must be 27, 28, 29, 30
Thus, the largest integer can be 489 - (27 + 28 + 29 + 30) = 375
Hence, 375 is the correct answer.

Question 86

The number of distinct pairs of integers (m,n), satisfying ∣ 1 + mn ∣<∣ m + n ∣< 5 is:

Answer:12

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let us break this up into 2 inequations [ Let us assume x as m and y as n ]

| 1 + mn | < | m + n |

|m+n|<5

Looking at these expressions, we can clearly tell that the graphs will be symmetrical about the origin.

Let us try out with the first quadrant and extend the results to the other quadrants.

We will also consider the +X and +Y axes along with the quadrant.

So, the first inequality becomes,

1 + mn < m + n

1 + mn - m - n < 0

1 - m + mn - n < 0

(1-m) + n(m-1) < 0

(1-m)(1-n) < 0

(m - 1)(n - 1) < 0

Let us try to plot the graph.

If we consider only mn < 0, then we get

But, we have (m - 1)(n - 1) < 0, so we need to shift the graphs by one unit towards positive x and positive y.

So, we have,

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But, we are only considering the first quadrant and the +X and +Y axes. Hence, if we extend, we get the following region.

So, if we look for only integer values, we get

(0,2), (0,3),.......

(0,-2), (0, -3),......

(2,0), (3,0), ......

(-2,0), (-3,0), .......

Now, let us consider the other inequation as well, in which |x + y| < 5

Since one of the values is always zero, the modulus of the other value is less than or equal to 4.

Hence, we get

(0,2), (0,3), (0,4)

(0,-2), (0, -3), (0, -4)

(2,0), (3,0), (4,0)

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(-2,0), (-3,0), (-4,0)

Hence, a total of 12 values.

Question 87

A compound 'M' is to be created, one unit of which consists of 3 units of 'X', 4 units of 'Y' and 6 units of 'Z'. 1 unit of X is made by A and
B in the ratio 5:7 respectively, 1 unit of Y is made by B and C in the ratio 2:3 respectively, and 1 unit of Z is made by A and D in the ratio
1:4 respectively. What is the approximate percentage contribution of A in 1 unit of M?

A 18.84%

B 20.87%

C 22.3%

D 24.1%

Answer: A

Explanation:
The ratio of A, B, C and D in X, Y and Z is given to be

Since 1 unit of M has 3X, 4Y and 6Z, we can show the contribution of A, B, C and D in 1 unit of M or 3 units of X, 4 units of Y and 6 units of
Z.

147 201 12 24
Therefore 1 unit of M has 60 units of A, 60 units of B, 5 units of C and 5 units of D.

Also, the total quantity of 1 unit of M= (3+4+6) units= 13 units.

147
60 5
.'. Percentage contribution of A in 1 unit of M= 13 × 100 = 49 × 13 % = 18.84%

Question 88

Three lines divide a triangle in 5 areas. The areas of 3 parts have been shown in the figure and two unknown areas have been
x
represented as x and y. Find the value of y ?

6
A 7

5
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 5
6
B

4
C 5

7
D 8

Answer: B

Explanation:
From figure,

In triangle ABC, BQ divides the triangle into two parts.

Since the altitude from B is same, the ratio of areas of triangles ABQ and CBQ will be the ratio of AQ and CQ.
area(ABQ) AQ
=> area(CBQ) = CQ
10+x+y AQ
=> 48 = CQ .....(1)

Similarly RQ will divide the triangle ARC in the ratio of AQ and CQ.
y AQ
=> 18 = CQ .......(2)

y 10+x+y
From 1 and 2, 18 = 48

=> 30y-18x=180.......(3)

Similarly, the equation for triangles ACP and BCP can be written as,
x 18+x+y
10 = 40

=> 3x-y=18 .......(4)

From 3 and 4, x =10, y=12

x 5
Hence, y = 6

Question 89
2
How many disticnt positive integer-valued solutions exist to the equation (x2 − 7x + 11)(x −13x+42) = 1 ?

A 8

B 4

C 2

D 6

Answer: D

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  Video Solution

Explanation:
2
(x2 − 7x + 11)(x −13x+42) = 1
if (x2 − 13x + 42)=0 or (x2 − 7x + 11)=1 or (x2 − 7x + 11)=-1 and (x2 − 13x + 42) is even number
For x=6,7 the value (x2 − 13x + 42)=0
(x2 − 7x + 11)=1 for x=5,2.
(x2 − 7x + 11)=-1 for x=3,4 and for X=3 or 4, (x2 − 13x + 42) is even number.
.'. {2,3,4,5,6,7} is the solution set of x.

.'. x can take six values.

Question 90

You travel by Delhi Metro every day from Botanical Garden, Noida to Hauz Khas, Delhi. At Hauz Khas metro station, you use an
escalator to get out of the station. The escalator takes 80 seconds to get you down. One day, the escalator was not working and you
walk up the escalator in 50 seconds. How many minutes does it approximately take you to walk up the working escalator?

A 1.5 minutes

B 2.2 minutes

C 2.8 minutes

D 2.6 minutes

Answer: B

Explanation:
It is given that by using the escalator, one can get out of the station in 80 sec.

Let us consider the number of steps =80

Speed of the escalator = 1 step/sec

When the escalator was not working, the time taken by a person = 50 sec

The speed of the person = 80/50=8/5 steps/sec

80
8
Time taken by a person walking down a moving escalator = 5 −1

80
3
= 5

=2.22 min

B is the correct answer.

Question 91

3 persons Akram, Bikram, Chandan take part in a race. Akram can give Bikram a head start of 64 feet. The head start that Chandan can
give Bikram is 40 feet longer than the head start that he can give to Akram. If it is known that one person is twice as fast as one of the
other two persons and the length of the track (in feet) is an integer, what is the length of the track (in feet)?

A 128

B 420

C 320

D More than one of the above

Answer: D

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Explanation:
Let the length of the race be x m. Let us denote the speeds of Akram, Bikram, and Chandan with a, b and c respectively.
Akram can give Bikram a head start of 64 feet.

x x−64
=> a = b
a x
=> b = x−64 -------------(1)

The head start that Chandan can give Bikram is 40 feet longer than the head start that he can give to Akram.

Let us assume that Chandan gives Akram a head start of y feet.

Now, we can form 2 equations.

x x−y
c = a
a x−y
=> c = x ----------(2)

x x−y−40
c = b
b x−y−40
c = x ------------(3)

Dividing (2) by (3), we get,

a x−y
b = x−y−40 -----------------------(4)

Equating (1) and (4), we get,

x x−y
x−64 = x−y−40 ----------(5)

We know that the ratio of speeds of 2 of the 3 persons is 2:1.

If the value of (1) is 2, then x will be equal to 128.

Substituting the value of x in (5), we get,
128−y
2 = 88−y
176 − 2y = 128 − y
y = 48
1
Let us assume the value of (2) to be 2 .

1 x−y
2 = x
x
=> y = 2
Substituting the value of x in (5), we get,
x
x 2
x
x − 64 = 2 − 40
x
x
x − 64 = x−80

As we can see, the equation is inconsistent and hence, we can eliminate this case.

1
Let us assume the value of (3) to be 2 .

1 x−y−40
2 = x
x
=> (y + 40) = 2
x = 2y + 80

Substituting this relationship in (5), we get,

2y+80 y+80
2y+16 = y+40

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(2y + 80)(y + 40) = (2y + 16)(y + 80)
2y2 + 160y + 3200 = 2y2 + 176y + 1280
16y = 1920
=> y = 120
=> x = 320 feet.

As we can see, the length of the track can be 128 feet or 320 feet. Therefore, option D is the right answer.
Question 92

In a certain infinite geometric progression, the sum of any three consecutive terms equals 26 times the sum of all the terms that follow
them. What is the ratio of any term of the progression to the sum of all the terms that follow it?

A 1

B 1/2

C 2

D -1

Answer: C

Explanation:
Let the geometric progression be a, ar, ar2 , ar3 , … .
It is given that,
ar3
a + ar + ar2 = 26( 1−r )
=> 1 − r3 = 26r3
=> 27r3 = 1
1
=> r = 3
The required ratio is,
a
ar 1−r
1−r
= r =2
Question 93

If x = (4096)7+4 3 , then which of the following equals to 64?

x7
A x2 3

7
x 24
B x
3

7
x2
C
x2 3

x7
D x4 3

Answer: C

 Video Solution

Explanation:
x = 212 (7+4 3)
.
7
x = 242 (7+4
2 3)

3 3 (7+4 3)
x2 = 224
7
x2
x2 3 = 2(7+4 3 )(42−24 3)
= 2(7+4 3 )(7−4 3 )6
= 26 .

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Hence C is correct answer.

XAT Previous Papers

Question 94

A man standing on the line joining the two poles finds that the top of the poles make an angle of elevation of 60∘ and 45∘ respectively.
After walking for sometime towards the other pole, the angles change to 30∘ and 60∘ respectively. The ratio of the height of the poles
is :

3 −1
A 2

3 +1
B 3

3 −1
C 4

3 +1
D 4

Answer: A

Explanation:
Let 'a' and 'b' be the heights of the two poles

X be the initial position of the man and the angles of elevation be 600 and 450
a
Distance between pole 1 and X = 3 and distance between pole 2 and X = b

Let Y be the position of the man after walking sometime towards the other pole =
b
Distance between Y and pole 1 = a 3 and distance between the pole 2 and Y = 3

Since the distance between the poles will remain the same
a b
3 +b= a 3+ 3

a 3 −1
b = 2
A is the correct answer.

Question 95

An alloy is prepared by mixing three metals A, B and C in the proportion 3 : 4 : 7 by volume. Weights of the same volume of the metals
A. B and C are in the ratio 5 : 2 : 6. In 130 kg of the alloy, the weight, in kg. of the metal C is

A 48

B 84

C 70

D 96

Answer: B

 Video Solution

Explanation:
Let the volume of Metals A,B,C we 3x, 4x, 7x

Ratio weights of given volume be 5y,2y,6y

.'. 15xy+8xy+42xy=130 => 65xy=130 => xy=2.

.'.`The weight, in kg. of the metal C is 42xy=84.

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Question 96

One spherical ball is placed over a hollow cylindrical box. The radius of the sphere is 14 cm, while the cylinder is of radius 7 cm. If the
height of the cylinder is 10 cm, what is the total height of the figure?

A 24+7 3 cm

B 24 cm

C 14+7 3 cm

D 24+14 3 cm
Answer: A

Explanation:
The figure can be represented as :

The triangle formed is an equilateral triangle with the side of length 14cm
3
The height of an equilateral triangle= 2 ⋅a
3
= 2 ⋅ 14
=7 3
Height = 10+ 7 3+ 14 cm
3
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= 24+7 3
Option A is the correct answer.

XAT Free Mock Test

Question 97

If log m=300×log1.0033333..

What is the approximate value of m?

A 2.5

B 2.6

C 2.7

D 3

Answer: C

Explanation:
log m = 300 log(1.003333)
1
log m =300 log(1+ 300 )
1
log m = (1 + 300 )300
1
m =(1+ 300 )300

Binomial Expansion of (1 + x)n=1+nC1 (1)xn−1 +n C2 (1)2 xn−2 .................

1 1 1 2 1 3
(1 + 300 )300 =1+300 C1 (1)299 300 +300 C2 (1)298 300 +300 C3 (1)297 300 ...............}
1 1 300∗299 1 300∗299∗298 1 300∗299∗298∗297 1
(1 + 300 )300 =1+300 ∗ 300 + 2 ∗ ( 300 )2 + 1∗2∗3 ∗ ( 300 )3 + 1∗2∗3∗4 ∗ ( 300 )4 ...............}
=1+1+0.498+0.165+ 0.041....
1 4
(Since 300 and the succeeding terms are very small, they can be ignored because the fraction at the denominator is increasing and at
the numerator is decreasing with the subsequent terms of bionomial.

Further if we observe the fourth term of the binomial expansion:

300∗299∗298∗297 1
= 1∗2∗3∗4 ∗ ( 300 )4
300 299 298 297 1
= 300 ∗ 300 ∗ 300 ∗ 300 ∗ 4!
300 299 298 297 1
we can observe that factors 300 , 300 , 300 , 300 ≈ 1 and with every subsequent term n! will get smaller. Thus we can neglect those
terms of the expansion. )

=1+1+0.498+0.165+ 0.041....

= {2.704+....}

This can be approximated to 2.7

Hence, C is the correct answer.

1
In general, when n is very large, the value of (1 + n )n tends to the constant 'e' which is approximately equal to 2.718
Question 98
5
A region is in-plane x and y such that x2 + y2 ≤ 25and |y| ≥ 2 . Find the area of the region.

π
A 25 ( 2 + 2)

B π
25 ( 2 − 2)
π
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 π
C
25 ( 2 − 1)

π
D 25 ( 2 + 1)
Answer: C

Explanation:
We have,

Now, since AO = BO = 5 ......(1)

5
OP = 2
5 2
52 − ( 2) 5
In right triangle OPB, PB = = 2
5
AB = 2 × PB = 2 × 2 =5 2 .....(2)

Hence AOB is a right triangle. (from 1 and 2)

π 1
The area of shaded region = 2(Area of quarter circle- Area of the triangle AOB) = 2( 4 × 25 − 2 × 5 × 5)
π
= 25 ( 2 − 1)
Question 99
1 2
If x =8− 32 and y = 2 + 2, then (x + y ) is given by:

16
A 25 x2

64
B 81 y2

25
C 16 y2

81
D 64 x2

Answer: D

Explanation:
x=8− 32 and y = 2 + 2,
1 2
We have to find the value of (x + y )

1 2
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 1 2
(8 − 32 + 2+ 2 )

8 (2+ 2 )− 32 (2+ 2 )+ 1
( 2+ 2 )2
9 2
( 2+ 2 )

81
6+2 2

1 2 1 2
( y) = ( 2+ 2) = 6+2 2
2
2− 2
=( 2 )

6−4 2
= 4

3−2 2
= 2

x2 = 64 + 32 − 64 2

=96 − 64 2

=32(3 − 2 2) = 32*2y2
we get, x2 = 64y2
81 81
y2 = 64 x2

D is the correct answer.

Alternative solution,

xy = (8 − 32) (2 + 2) = 4 2( 2 − 1) × 2( 2 + 1 ) = 8 (2 − 1 ) = 8
x
(As xy = 8 ⟶ y = 8 )

1 2 (xy+1 ) 2 (xy+1 )× x 2 (8+1 )× x 2 81

(x + y ) = ( y ) =( 8 ) =( 8 ) = 64 × x2

XAT Decision Making Mock Tests

Question 100

In how many ways can a pair of integers (x , a) be chosen such that x2 − 2 ∣ x ∣ + ∣ a − 2 ∣= 0 ?

A 6

B 5

C 4

D 7

Answer: D

 Video Solution

Explanation:
x2 − 2 ∣ x ∣ + ∣ a − 2 ∣= 0
where x>= 0 and x>=2

x2 − 2x + a − 2 = 0 Using quadratic equation we have x = 1 + 3 − a and x = 1 − 3 − a Only two integer values are
possible

a=2 and a=3. So corresponding "x" values are x=1 and a=3, x=2 and a=2, x=0 and a=2

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where x>=0 and x<2

Applying the above process we get x=1 and a=1

where x<0 and x>=2 we get a=3 and x=-1 , a=2 and x=-2

where x<0 and x<2 we get a=1 and x=-1

Hence there are total 7 values possible

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