EFFECTS OF STREET LIGHTS AMONG THE MEMBERS OF BARANGAY 28 –

TAURUS, SEABREEZE, CAVITE CITY

Introduction

Street light is an important aspect of the urban environment, since it promotes comfort

while also improving the safety and security of its users. Improved street lighting is completely

congruent with "Situational Crime Prevention" concepts; improved visibility should significantly

reduce both crime opportunities and the likelihood of arresting a criminal (Atkins et al., 1991).

These lights can keep the city lit at night. In the dark, reduced visibility increases the risk of

accidents and incidents for pedestrians. Drivers can navigate easily and safely with enough street

lights to guide them. People can continue their activities in the absence of natural light due to

street lighting. This includes people like street vendors and citizens. This provides an additional

layer of protection for drivers and pedestrians, as offenders avoid acting in highly populated and

well-secured places (Ellarina et al., 2018).

Street lights is regarded as one of a city's most critical and costly responsibilities. In

average cities around the world, it can cover 10-38% of the overall energy bill. Public authorities

in developing countries are particularly concerned about improving the standard of living and

ensuring the safety of their citizens. Because of poor quality and upkeep, most streetlights are

now broken, useless, and inoperable. Hence, the increased number of crimes and accidents

(Ellarina et al., 2018).

This study aims to determine the importance of street lights in a community and how it

can affect the day-to-day lives of the citizens. Also, to provide information for the leaders of the

community on how to ensure safety of the people by providing street lights. Lastly, the study can

be used as a guide for future researchers who want to enhance their studies on the subject.
Statement of the Problem

This research paper aims to determine the negative effects of lack of street lights in Barangay 28

– Taurus, Seabreeze, Cavite City.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions;

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of

a. age;

b. sex?

2. To determine the level of safety of the respondents.

3. What are the advantages of having street lights in the community?

4. What are the disadvantages of not having enough street lights in the community?

5. What course of action or project can be suggested to improve the street lighting in the

community?
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter provides a review of numerous literatures and studies that will aid in the study's

understanding. It will be used as a point of reference and comparison for the areas explored in the current

research.

Role of Street Lights

There are numerous advantages to using street lights. By having well-lit streets at night, it may be

used to assure security and improve the quality of life. Drivers, bikers, and passersby are all safer with

better street lighting. Driving after daylight hours is riskier — only a quarter of all car traffic occurs

between the hours of 7 p.m. and 8 a.m., but this time period accounts for 40% of fatal and serious injuries

among the same population (Ward et al.,).

Night-time Vehicle Accidents

The goal of traffic research is to reduce the severity of traffic accidents as well as the likelihood

of them occurring. Number of studies have looked into various elements of the causes of low-light vehicle

accidents at night, and the majority of these studies have been undertaken from the perspective of drivers.

According to Sullivan and Flannagan's study, teenage drivers had a much higher risk of fatal accidents at

night than older drivers when analyzing the relationship between night-time incidents and driver

characteristics.

Some prior researches have looked into the link between road conditions and safe nighttime

driving, focusing on the relationship between street lighting and nighttime traffic safety. The placement of

lighting equipment on the road can improve the visible range supplied by a vehicle's headlight, reducing

the number of accidents and increasing safety of drivers and passerby (Liu et al., 2019).

Violent crimes are more common at night, according to Crimes at Night: Analyzing Police

Incident Reports in Major Cities. As per FBI data from 2017, the peak hour for violent crimes such as
rape and sexual assault occurs at midnight. While it is best to avoid the highways between the hours of 2

a.m. and 6 a.m., as this is when the most DUI police encounters occur.

Cost Efficient Street Lights

Saving electrical power is an important factor to be consider not just as an individual but also as a

member of the community. Turning off the light when not is use is the best option to save energy, in most

city, street light is one of the major power consuming factors due to its all-night purpose to light up the

streets. Light Dependent Resistor and Infrared Radiation sensor is a smart street light that can ensure to

save electricity. It can detect movements of vehicles and passerby, and if there’s no movement detected, it

will automatically turn off after a few minutes.

Solar street lights are also used in some barangays in the Philippines, which are both energy-

saving and environmentally-friendly. Solar power is the conversion of solar energy into thermal or

electrical energy. It is an unlimited and ecologically benign source of new energy. It consists of LED light

source, solar panels, storage battery, solar charge controller, lamp-post, and accessory wire rods, and has

a long service life, simple installation, safety, high performance, and energy saving.
 METHODOLOGY

This part consists the description about the research design, participant of the study, the

instruments that will be used by the researchers, the data gathering procedure, and the data analysis.

Research Design

The researchers will use Quantitative Research since numerical data will be needed to

determine the level of safety of the respondents and to determine the most effective and cost-

efficient street light based on their perception. This study will specifically employ Non-

experimental design.

Participants of the Study

The participants of the study will be the residents of Barangay 28 – Taurus, Seabreeze, Cavite

City. The sample size of 100 will be utilized to complete the study. The sampling technique that the

researchers will use Availability Sampling by selecting sample from the selected population. The

researchers will select respondents from the selected population based on their availability and

willingness.

Research Instruments

The researchers will use survey questionnaires as an instrument to gather the needed data. The

questionnaire will include, demographics, multiple type choices, rating scale questions to determine and

contrast the data on the survey form. The researchers will be able to establish the benefits of street lights,

along with the consequences of its absence, and different action plan that can be used as perceived by

respondents from Barangay 28 – Taurus, Seabreeze, Cavite City using these questionnaires.
Data Gathering Procedure

Writing a request letter to the Barangay Captain of Barangay 28 - Taurus to conduct this study

and to disseminate the survey questionnaires as the initial procedure. After the request letter has been

approved, the researcher will proceed in giving out the survey form to the available respondents. The

acquired data from the students' survey forms will be examined and interpreted by the

researchers, allowing them to reach conclusions for their research.

Data Analysis

The data gathered by the researchers will be presented using descriptive statistics particularly

frequency, mean, and percentage. Through that, the researchers will be able to interpret the data more

effectively to finish the study.

Atkins, S., Husain, S., & Storey, A. (1991). Crime Prevention Unit Paper. The Influence of Street

Lighting on Crime and Fear of Crime., 1–2.

Ellarina, R., Abuda, C., Sudario, D., & Margallo, J. (2018, November). Design and Development

of Low Cost and Low Maintenance Streetlights with the use of Recycle Materials for

Saving the Energy. Scribd. https://www.scribd.com/document/393332776/Thesis-

Chapter-1-3

Liu, J., Li, J., Wang, K., Zhao, J., Cong, H., & He, P. (2019). Exploring factors affecting the

severity of night-time vehicle accidents under low illumination conditions. Advances in

Mechanical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814019840940

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Street Light. (2021, January 18). SRNE.

https://www.srnesolar.com/blog/the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-solar-street-light?

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