CHAPTERS

CHAPTER ANALYSIS

IITJEE IITJEE IITJEE JEE Advanced JEE Advanced JEE Advanced JEE Advanced JEE Advanced
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Paper Paper Paper Paper Paper Paper Paper Paper
Topic 1 2 I 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 I 2 1 2 I 2
Introduction
Notions of Work and Kinetic
Energy: The Work-Energy
Theorem
I•
Work l l
Kinetic Energy l I I
Work Done by a Variable
Force
The Work-Energy Theorem
for a Variable Force
The Concept of Potential
Energy
The Conservation of
I I
Mechanical Energy
The Potential Energy of a
I
Spring
Various Forms of Energy:
The Law of Conservation of
Energy
Power I
Collisions 2 I I

QUESTIONS
1. A stone tied to a string oflength L is whirled in a vertical 2. A force F = -K(yi + x)) (where K is a positive con­
circle with the other end of the string at the centre. At a
stant) acts on a particle moving in the xy plane. Starting
certain instant of time the stone is at its lowest position
from the origin, the particle is taken along the positive
and has a speed u. The magnitude of the change in its
x-axis to the point (a, 0) and then parallel to the y-axis
velocity as it reaches a position, where th� string is hor­
to the point (a, a). The total work done by the force Fon
izontal, is
the particle is
(A) Ju 2 -2gL (B) J2gL (A) -2Ka2 (B) 2Ka2
(C) Ju 2 - gL (D) J2u,2 - gl) (C) -Ka2 (D) Ka2
(lJT JEE 1998) (IIT JEE 1998)
3. A smooth sphere A is moving on a frictionless horizontal 7. A particle, which is constrained to move along thex-axis,
plane with angular velocity co and centre of mass veloc­ is subjected to a force in the same direction which var­
ity v. It collides elastically and head on with an identical ies with the distance x of the particle from the origin as
sphere B at rest. Neglect friction every where. After the F(x) = -kx + dx3 • Here, k and a are positive constants. For
collision, their angular speeds are coA and COB respec­ x � 0, the functional form of the potential energy U(x) of
tively. Then the particle is
(A) (OA < (OB (B) (OA = %
(A) U(x)
(C) (OA
= (0 (D) CO= (OB
(IITJEE 1999)

4. A particle free to move along the x-axis has potential

energy given by U(x) = k[l -e�p (-x2)] for -oo::;; x $ +oo
where k is a positive constant of appropriate dimensions. (B) U(x)
Then
(A) At points away from the origin, the particle is in
unstable equilibrium. X

(B) For any finite non-zero value of x, there is a force

directed away from the origin. (C) U(x)
(C) If its total mechanical energy is K/2, it has its min­
imum kinetic energy at the origin.
(D) For small displacement from x = 0, the motion is X

simple harmonic.
(HTJEE 1999)
(D) U(x)
5. A wind-powered generator converts wind energy into
electrical energy. Assume that the generator converts
a fixed fraction of the wind energy intercepted by its X
blades into electrical energy. For wind speed v, the elec­
trical power output will be proportional to (HTJEEScreening 2002)
(A) v (B) v2
8. An ideal spring with spring constant k is hung from
(C) v3 (D) v" the ceiling and a block of mass M is attached to its
(HTJEE2000) lower end. The mass is released with the spring ini­
tially unstretched. Then, the maximum extension in the
6. A ball is dropped vertically from a height d above the spring is
ground. It hits the ground and bounces up vertically
to a height d/2. Neglecting subsequent motion and air (A) 4Mg/k (B) 2Mg/k
resistance, its velocity v varies with height h above the (C) Mg/k (D) Mg/2k
ground as (HT JEE Screening 2002)
(A) V (B) V
9. A particle at the origin is under the influence of a force
d F = kx (where k is a positive constant). If the potential
energy Uis zero atx= 0, the variation of potential energy
with the coordinate x is represented as
----1----'------'--------h
d
(A) U(x)
(C). V (D) V

d
----1��---h

(HTJEE2000)
 b

ttt
(C) U(x) It is given n = 100, M= 3 kg, m = 0.01 kg; b = 2 m;
a= 1 m; g = 10 m/s2•
(IIT JEE 2006)
12. Statement-I:· In an elastic collision between two bodies,
the relative speed of the bodies after collision is equal to
the relative speed before the collision
because
(D) U(x) Statement-2: In an elastic collision, the linear momen­
tum of the system is conserved.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; State­
ment-2 is a correct explanation for Statement- I.
(B) Statement-I is True, Statenient-2 is True; State­
ment-2 is not a correct explanation for State­
ment- I.
(C) Statement-I is True, Statement�2 is False.
(IIT JEE Screening 2004) (D) Statement-I is False, Statement-2 is True.
10. A ball moves over a fixed track as shown in the figure. (IIT JEE 2007 Paper-1)
From A to B, the ball rolls without slipping. Surface BC
is frictionless. KA, KB and Kc are kinetic energies of the Paragraph for Questions 13-15: A small block M of mass M
ball at A, B and C, respectively. Then moves on a frictionless surface of an inclined plane, as shown
in the figure. The angle of the incline suddenly changes
C from 60° to 30° at point B. The block is initially at rest at A.
A Assume that collisions between the block and the incline are
totally inelastic (g = IO m/s2).
A

(A) hA > he; KB >Kc

(B) hA > he; Kc >KA
(C) hA = he; KB =Kc
(D) hA < he; KB >Kc 3--13 m

(IIT JEE 2006)

13. The speed of the block at point B immediately after it
11. There is a rectangular plate of mass Mkg of dimensions strikes the second incline is
(ax b). The plate is held in horizontal position by strik­
ing n small balls each of mass m per unit area per unit (A) Mms·' (B) /45ms·1
time. These are striking in the shaded half region of the
plate. The balls are colliding elastically with velocity v.
(C) J3o ms·' (D) .JLlms·1
What is v? (IIT JEE 2008 Paper-1)
 'ERGY AND PO\'<'E R

14; The speed of the block at point C, immediately before it 18. A light inextensible string that goes over a smooth fixed
leaves the second incline is pulley as shown in the figure connects two blocks of
(A) v120 m s- 1
(B) MSms-1
masses 0.36 kg and 0.72 kg. Taking g = 10 mls2, find
the work done (in joules) by the string on the block of
(C) ../90ms- 1 (D) .fisms- 1 mass 0.36 kg during the first second after the system is
released from rest.
(HT JEE 2008 Paper-1)
(HT JEE 2009 Paper-2)
15. If collision between the block and the incline is com­
19. Column II gives certain systems undergoing a process.
pletely elastic, then the vertical (upward) component of
Column I suggests changes in some of the parameters
the velocity of the block at point B, immediately after it
strikes the second incline is related to the system. Match the statements in Column I
to the appropriate process(es) from Column II:
(A) JJOm s-1 (B) .Jl5 m s-1

Column I Column II
(C) 0 (D) -.JlS m s- 1
(A) The energy of the (P) System: A capacitor,
(HT JEE 2008 Paper-1) system is increased. initially uncharged. ,
16. A block (2) is attached to two up-stretched springs S 1 Process: It is connected to
and S2 with spring constants k and 4k, respectively (see a battery.
the figure), the other ends are attached to identical sup­ (B) Mechanical energy (Q) System: A gas in an
ports M 1 and M2 not attached to the walls. The springs is provided to the adiabatic container filled
and supports have negligible mass. There is no friction system, which is with an adiabatic piston.
anywhere. The block B is displaced towards wall 1 by converted into Process: The gas is
a small distance x (Figure II) and released. The block energy of random compressed by pushing
returns and moves a maximum distance y towards wall 2. motion of its parts. the piston.
Displacements x and y are measured with respect to the (C) Internal energy (R) System: A gas in a rigid
equilibrium position of the block B. The ratio y/x is of the system is container.
converted into its Process: The gas gets
mechanical energy. cooled due to colder
atmosphere surrounding it.
(D) Mass of the system (S) System: A heavy nucleus,
is decreased. initially at rest.
Process: The nucleus
fissions into two fragments
(A) 4 (B) 2 of nearly equal masses and
(C) 1/2 (D) 1/4 some neutrons are emitted.
(HT JEE 2008 Paper-2) (T) System: A resistive wire
loop.
17. Two small particles ,of equal masse� start moving in Process: The loop is
opposite directions from a point A in a horizontal placed in a time varying
circular orbit. Their tangential velocities are v and 2v, magnetic field
respectively, as shown in the figure. Between collisions, perpendicular to its plane.
the particles move with constant speeds. After making
how many elastic collisions, other than that at A, these (HT JEE 2009 Paper-2)
two particles will again reach the point A?
20. Three objects A, B and C are kept in a straight line on
a frictionless horizontal surface. These have masses m,
2m and m, respectively. The object A moves towards B
with a �peed 9 mis and makes an elastic collision with
it. Thereafter, B makes completely inelastic collision
(A) 4 with C. All motions occur on the same straight line.
(B) 3
Find the final speed (in mis) of the object C.
(C) 2 (D) 1
(HT JEE 2009 Paper-1) (HT JEE 2009 Paper-2)
 Jl• • AD IJ\ 1 l D - Pl IY 1C.

21. A point mass of 1 kg collides elastically with a station­ (C) Momentum

ary point mass of 5 kg. After their collision, the 1 kg
mass reverses its direction and moves with a speed of
2 m s- 1• Which ofthe following statement(s) is(are) cor­
rect for the system ofthese two masses? Position
(A) Total momentum ofthe system is 3kg m s-1•
(B) Momentum of 5 kg mass after collision 1s
4 kg m s- 1• Momentum
(D)
(C) Kinetic energy ofthe centre ofmass is 0.75 J.
(D) Total kinetic energy ofthe system is 4 J.
(HT JEE 2010 Paper-1)
22. A block of mass 2 kg is free to move along the x-axis.
It is at rest and from t = 0 onwards, it is subjected to a (HT JEE 2011 Paper-1)
time-depende • force F(t) in the x-direction. The force
F(t) varies with t as shown in the figure. The kinetic 24. A ball of mass 0.2 kg rests on a vertical post of height
energy ofthe block after 4.5 s is 5 m. A bullet of mass 0.01 kg, traveling with a veloc­
ity v mis in a horizontal direction, hits the centre ofthe
F(t)
ball. After the collision, the ball and bullet travel inde­
4N pendently. The ball hits the ground at a distance of20 m
and the bullet at a distance of 100 m from the foot ofthe
4.5 s post. The velocity v ofthe bullet is
0
vm/s
---+
-;..-..� .... ..
''
(A) 4.50 J (B) 7.50 J

.
'
I

(C) 5.06 J (D) 14.06 J •

(IIT JEE 2010 Paper-2) '
0 20 100
23. Consider the spring-mass system, with the mass sub­
merged in water, as shown in the figure. The phase space (A) 250 mis (B) 250..J2 mis
diagram for one cycle ofthis system is (C) 400 mis (D) 500 mis
�>11\.\\1!�� (HT JEE 2011 Paper-2)
25. A thin ring ofmass 2 kg and radius 0.5 m is rolling with­
out on a horizontal plane with velocity 1 mis. A small
ball ofmass 0.1 kg, moving with velocity 20 mis in the
opposite direction hits the ring at a height of0.75 m and
goes vertically up with velocity 10 m/s. Immediately
after the collision,
(A) Momentum

20 m/s

0.75 m

(A) (he ring has pure rotation about its stationary CM.
'(B) Momentum
(B) the ring comes to a complete stop.
(C) friction between the ring and the ground is to the
left.
Position (D) there is no friction between the ring and the
ground.
(HT JEE 2011 Paper-2)
 \

a r\
\V./C lt(..., Et hRC\ :\ DPO'\''ER-

l
26. A block of mass 0.18 kg is at(ached to a spring of
force-constant 2 Nim. The coefficient offriction between
the block and the floor is 0.1. Initially the block is at rest I
....
\

and the spring is un-stretched. An impulse is given to the I -... ,

block as shown in the figure. The block slides a distance
1
4m I \.
of 0.06 m and comes to rest for the first time. The ini­
1
I ...
I •,
•••
tial velocity of the block in mis is v = N/10. Then, N is I
I gQo \
---· I

Qt\ _______ . p
'•.,

�3m�

�ooooood (JEE Advanced 2014 Paper-I)

(HT JEE 2011 Paper-2) 31. A tennis ball is dropped on a horizontal smooth surface.
It bounces back to its original position after hitting the
27. A bob of mass m, suspended by a string of length / 1 , is surface. The force on the ball during the collision is pro­
given a minimum velocity required to complete a full portional to the length ofcompression ofthe ball. Which
circle in the vertical plane. At the highest point, it col­ one of the following sketches describes the variation of
lides elastically with another bob of mass m suspended its kinetic energy K with time t most appropriately? The
by a string oflength /2, which is initially at rest. Both the figures are only illustrative and not to be scale.
strings are mass-less and inextensible. If the second bob, (A)
after collision acquires the minimum speed required to
K
complete a full circle in the vertical plane, the ratio j_ is
/2
(JEE Advanced 2013 Paper-I)
28. The wor done on a p rticle of mass m by a force, (B)
�- _ ; ·
[ ] K
K X 1. 2 Jfl i + ( X2 J/Z j (K being a constant
( +y +y2
of appropriate dimensions), when the particle is taken
from the point (a, 0) to the point (0, a) along a circular
path ofradius a about the origin in the xy-plane is
(C)
2Kn Kn K
(A) (B)
a a
Kn
(C) (D) 0
2a
(JEE Advanced 2013 Paper-I)
(D)
29. A particle of mass 0.2 kg is moving in one-dimension K
under a force that. delivers a constant power 0.5 W to the
particle. If the initial speed (in m s-1) of the particle is
zero, the speed (in m s-1) after 5 s is ___.
(JEE Advanced 2013 Paper-I) (JEE Advanced 2014 Paper-2)
30. Consider an elliptically shaped rail PQ in the vertical 32. A particle ofunit mass is moving along the x-axis under
plane with OP = 3 m and OQ = 4 m. A block of mass the influence ofa force and its total energy is conserved.
1 kg is pulled along the rail from P to Q with a force of Four possible forms ofthe potential energy ofthe parti­
18 N, which is always parallel to line PQ (see the figure cle are given in Column I (a and U0 are constants). Match
given). Assuming no frictional losses, the kinetic energy the potential energies in Column I to the corresponding
of the block when it reaches Q is (n x 10) Joules. The statement(s) in Column II:
value ofn is __
(Take acceleration due to gravity = 10 m s-2)
 Column I Column II
.
(A) U,(x)= �· [1-rnT (P) The force acting on the particle is zero at x = a.

(B) U2 (x)-
U0 x
(
2 ;; s (Q) The force acting on the particle is zero at x = 0.

(C) u, (x) = �tJ exp-[-( m (R) The force acting on the particle is zero at x = -a.

[ ( J]
U0 x 1 x
(D) U4 (x)= (S) The particle experiences an attractive force towards x = 0 in the region
2 ;;- 3 ;; Jxj<a.
(T) The particle with total energy U0 I 4 can oscillate about the point x = -a.

(JEE Advanced 2015 Paper-1)

33. A flat plate is moving normal to its plane through a gas (B) The resistive force experienced by the plate is pro­
under the action of a constant force F. The gas is kept at portional to v.
a very low pressure. The speed of the plate vis much less (C) The plate will continue to move with constant
than the average speedµ of the gas molecules. Which of non-zero acceleration, at all times.
the following options is/are true? (D) At a later time the external force F balances the
. (A) The pressure difference between the leading and resistive force.
trailing faces of the plate is proportional to uv. (JEE Advanced 2017 Paper-1)

ANSWER KEY

1. (D) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (B) 9. (A)

10. (A), (B) 11. 10 mis 12. (B) 13. (B) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (C) 17. (C) 18. 8 J
19. (A) � (P), (Q), (T); (B) � (Q); (C) � (S); (D) � (S) 20. 4mls 21. (A), (C) 22. (C) 23. (B)
24. (D) 25. (A), (C) 26. 4 27. 5 28. (D) 29. 5 mis 30. 5 31. (B)
32. (A) � (P), (Q), (R), (T); (B) � (Q), (S); (C) � (P), (Q), (R), (S); (D) � (P), (R), (T) 33. (A), (B), (D)

ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS

1. Topic: The Conservation of Mechanical Energy Work done by force on particle is given by
From conservation of energy, v2 = u2 - 2gL W=JF·ds

W = J-k(yi +x})·(dxi+dy}+dzk)
change in velocity is given byj �v = �

�v = .Ju + u
= -kJ(ydx+xdy)
2
- 2gL = J2u 2gL
2
Therefore, 2
-

or, Llv = �2{u2 - gL) = -kJd(xy)

Answer (D)
= -k(xy)d(xy)I�:�
2. Topic: Work Done by a Variable Force
W = -ka2
Given that: F = -K(y'i + x])
Answer (C)
 D Pt

3. Topic: Collisions Thus the variation will be parabolic at height h = 0,

In elastic collision the moment and energy is conserved. velocity will be maximum after bouncing the direction
of velocity gets reversed and decreases to zero at d/2
Therefore, VA;:;::: v, Va; = 0
height, hence the variation is given as,
From conservation of momentum: vAi =0, Va; = v
V
After collision, sphere A comes to rest and sphere B
moves with velocity v. The angular velocities will be
OJA :;::: 0 a)}d OJa:;::: OJ
Therefore, OJa > OJA
Answer (C) Answer (A)
4. Topic: The Concept of Potential Energy 7. Topic: The Concept of Potential Energy
A particle free to move along the x-axis has potentia\ The force that is subjected on the given particle is
energy given by U= k(l - e-x ) .
F(x)= -kx + ax 3
The expression is same as the expression for simple har­
monic motion for small displacements. Therefore, the potential energy of the particle is
kx2 4
X

u U(x)= -JF(x)dx= -J(-kx+ax 3 )dx= --�

·-------------------·----------·k 0
2 4
If U(x) = 0, we have

2
(
x2
k-
ax2 )
2 =0 �x=O

Answer (D) Now, x=J¥ (Since x � 0)

5. Topic: Power
For wind speed v, kinetic energy is given by K= ½ mv2 -y-;;,
• For x < {2k [)()'
x is pos1t1ve.
..

where, m is mass of air in volume V

Therefore, m = pA.x
-y-;;,
• For x > {2k Ui()'
x IS negative.

where, p is density of air, A is cross-section area of Hence, the most appropriate choice is the graph depicted
blades and x is length of air volume. in option (D).
1 Answer (D)
Therefore, K =-pAxv2
2 8. Topic: The Conservation of Mechanical Energy
time taken by the air volume to intersect with blades is Let the maximum stretch of the string be x.
X
At=-

Thus, power is given by

1
-pAxv2 1
K

- - -mL
P = -=-2___ -pAv3
At X 2
V
Power oc v3
Answer (C)
6. Topic: Collisions From conservation of energy, we have

From equation of motion, we have: v2 = u2 + 2gh 1 2Mg

Mgx=-kx2 �x=--
2 k
when ball is dropped u = O �v2 ,;,, 2gh Answer (B)
 0-PHY IC

9. Topic: The Concept of Potential Energy Therefore,

The particle is acted by a force F = kx. 3 X 10
V = 2Mg = � X = 10 mis
-kx2 311111 ab 3 100>.<0.01X2
U =-IF dx =-I kx dx =--
2
That is, if the potential energy U is zero at x = 0, the 12. Topic: Collisions
variation of potential energy with the coordinate x is rep­ We know that
resented as which represents a parabola in the negative v 1-v2 -e(µ-µ2) =

quadrants of x- and y-axes, that is, the graph given in Since coefficient of restitution e = 1 for elastic collision,
option (A). we get
Answer (A) v, - v2 =-(µ- µ2)
10. Topic: Various Forms of Energy: The Law of Conser­ The linear momentum is conserved in both types of col­
vation of Energy lisions: elastic or inelastic collisions.
Answer (B)
Using conservation of energy, we can write the
following: 13. Topic: Collisions
EA mghA KA (1) Let v, be the speed of the block at point B just before it
= +

EB= KB (2 ) strikes the second incline. That is,

Ec mghc Kc (3)
.!.2 Mv� => v = J"6g (mis)
= +

Mg(3) = 1

h1 = -,,/3 tan 60° 1

60°
=3m
B
"3--
: h2 = 3 -,,/3 tan 30°
I
Since, EA = EB= Ee, we have the following: I

KB >KA I =3m
KB Kc >

From Eqs. (l ) and (3), we get

EA-Ee =
0
That is, Now,
mg(hA -he) +
[KA -Kc)]= 0
- -v
- Kc KA
hA -hC - Vy = VI sin 30° = -1
mg 2
From kinetic energy KB, only translational part gets con­
verted into potential energy at point C, we get he < hA. y
�
Therefore, I
I

I
I
Answer (A), (B)

11. Topic: Collisions

Let n be the number of balls striking the shaded part of
the p1ate per unit area per unit time. C
Taking T abm:it the hinged end, we get
(ab) b
n(2mv) 3 b After the inelastic collision with the second incline,
X 2 X 4 =Mg
J,
J, 2 we get
� J,.
Area lime Area shaded From CM vy' = 0 and vX' = vX (centre of mass)
of the
shaded part
 Therefore, after collision, the speed of the block is 17. Topic: Collisions
The faster particle covers twice the distance covered by
V2 = 2v1 (along x-axis) the slower one and they meet each other whenever the
slower one covers an angular displacement of2m'3. Since
the masses are same at each collision, they interchange
�V2 =(�)�=Ks mis
the velocity. The number of meeting points is � =3
Answer (B) 2,r/3
points; hence, they meet at two points other than A.
14. Topic: Collisions v A 2v
From conservation of energy, we have
1 1
-Mv22 +Mgh2 =-Mv22 V
2 2

2( � +30) = v� �Ve = ../105 mis

V
Answer (B)
Answer (C)
15. Topic: Collisions
18. Topic: Work
For a perfectly elastic collision at point B, we have
We have
0.3 10
a=(m1 -m2 )g= (0.72- )x lO =�= mls
2

m1 +m2 0.72 -0.36 3 3

" -v ,,; 2m 1 m2 g - -----
2x0.72x0.36x10
vy =-1 =-v
1 5mls - ---'-�
T- --- 4· 8 N
2 0.72+0.36
m1 +m2 -
"fy 1 110 5
A / s=-at 2 =-x-x l 2 =-m
I / 2 2 3 3
: /(-ffs The work done by the rope on 0.36 kg is
I /
°
I 30 / /
1""""',, 5
I / W= Tscos0° +4.8x-=+8J
3
19. Topic: Various Forms of Energy: The Law of Conser­
vation of Energy
For option (A):

• Case (P): U = .!.cv 2

2
The vertical {upward) component of velocity at point B, • Case (Q): Since the work is done on the system, the
just after collision, is internal energy increases.

./15 cos30° -Ks sin30° • Case (T): time varying B creates an induced E caus­
ing current to flow. This dissipates heat in
the loop: H = L2(Rt).
� ./Isx.fi -jlii =0
2 2 For option (B): As explained above.
Answer (C)
For option, (C):
16. Topic: The Potential Energy of a Spring • Case (S): Mass defect is converted into energy which
From conservation of energy, we have is released.
For option (D): As explained above.
!1cx2 =_!_4ky2 �I=! Answer (A)�(P), (Q), (T ); (B)�(Q);
2 2 X 2 (C)�(S); (D)�(S)
Answer (C)
P 46
-

20. Topic: Collisions F

4
Let v1 and v1 . be the velocities of blocks A and B imme­
diately after the elastic collision

( 111 ) (
1 - m2
v1 = ---=--.!:..
+
m - 2m
m= --- )x9= -3 mis
m + 2m
4.5

m1 m2

1) (
F' ---------------.

2m 2m
v2 =( ----=-- m= ---)x9=6mls
m 1 +mi m+2m From the figure shown here, we have
4 F'
-=- �F'=2N
3 1.5
Therefore, the area is
After the perfectly inelastic collision between blocks B 6- 1.5=4.5 kg mis= m(v - u)=2v (as u=0)
and C, let v be the common velocity. Applying centre of � v=2.25 mis
mass concept, we get Therefore,
2mv2 = (2m + m)v 1 1
KE=-mv2 =-x2x(2.5) 2 =5.06J
2 2 2
� V =- X 6=4 mis Answer (C)
3
23. Topic: The Potential Energy of a Spring
21. Topic: Kinetic Energy
We have
From principle ofconservation oflinear momentum, we
have p2 1
E=-+-kx 2
2m 2
2m
l kgxu1 +O=-1 kgx +5 kgxv2 1
-;
However, E=- kA(t) 2 ,
2
From conservation ofkinetic energy, we have
where A(t) is amplitude. Therefore,
1 1 2 1
-1 kg X ul2 +0=-1 kg X 2 + -5 kg X v22 1 p2 1
2 2 2 - kA(t)2 =-+- kx2 or p 2 + mkx2 = mkA(t)2
2 2m 2
Solving the above two equations, we get v2 = 1 mis.
The equation ofmotion is a circle in phase space whose
Thus, the total momentum (by solving for total momen­
radius is decreasing due to the friction ofthe liquid.
tum after collision) is obtained as follows:
Answer (B)
Pt01a1 =1 kgx-2+5 kgxl=3 kg m s-
1

24. Topic: Collisions

The velocity ofcentre ofmass is We have
_ -'--�
Vern -
(5 kgx I m/s)-(1 kgx2 mis) 1
--....!...�__:�..:::....:..:.::..::�=- mis 2
.!.
s = ut+ at2
6 2 In vertical direction, s = 5 m, u = 0 and a =g=1O mis.

�
The kinetic energy ofthe centre ofmass is Therefore,

1 1
2 5m= .!.1Ot 2 t =1 s
KE.=-6kgx( -) =075
· J 2
cm 2 2 For the ball, the horizontal displacement is 20 m.
Answer (A), (C) Therefore,
20m = vball X t � v = 20 mis
ba11

22. Topic: Kinetic Energy

or Pba11 =0.2 kgx20 mls= 4 kg mls
Area under F-t graph is impulse J=t¥J.
Similarly, Pb 01101 =1 kg mis
1 1 Therefore, by conservation of momentum, we have that
Area=( x4x3)+ xl.5x(-F')
2 2 the momentum ofbullet before collision as follows:
p ll + pbullet
ba
 W( RK. F ER ,Y AND P )WER P-47

=> O.Ql kgxu= 5 kgmls In order to have a vertical loop, minimum velocity at the
5
lowest point is .Jsiiand at the highest point is fii.
=>u=-=500 mis Therefore,
0.01
Answer (D)
25. Topic: Collisions
As we have Answer (5)
Momentum of ring=-Momentum of ball 28. Topic: Work
And the horizontal momentum of the ball just after the We have
collision is zero, we conclude that just after collision,
the ring has pure rotation about its centre of mass after
the collision. Since the rotation of ring after collision
F= K[ (x +xiy
2 2
>
yi
312 + x 2 + y 2 )312 ]
is clockwise, the friction between ground and ring is
towards left. = -+ -+
dW F · dr = F · (idx+jdy)
-+ A A

Answer (A), (C)

26. Topic: The Conservation of Mechanical Energy
dW = K[ xdx+yydy
2 ]
(x 2 t 312

From conservation of energy, we have

Let x = r cos0 andy= r sin0, then x 2 +y2 = r2 •
1 1 2
-mu2 = µmgx+-kx Therefore,
2 2
a o
where x is the displacement of the block. Here, LHS is xdx+ ydy x y dy
dW=KJ , 312 =KJ�dx+Kf �
the energy supplied to the system, first term at RHS is (r·) a (r ) 0 (r )

�, � 21 :
the work done against friction and the last term is the 2
=
energy stored in the spring.
x= 0.06 m, m =0.18 kg,µ=0.1 and k= 2 Nim.
�,� [ +
Therefore, =�[ o; _a; +�-�J= o
2
u2 = 2x0.1x10x0.06+[2x (0.06) ] = 0.16 mis Answer (D)
0.18
N 29. Topic: Power
�u=0.4=- => N=4
10 Mass of particle, m =0.2 kg; Power, P= 0.5 W Change
Answer (4) in kinetic energy =M.
As power is constant, we have
27. Topic: Collisions
Speed of the first bob at highest point= Jii:. Pxt=!!.K

For elastic collision between objects of same mass, => 0.5x5 = .!.x(0.2) (v 2 -0 2 )
2
velocities are exchanged, therefore, speed of second bob
= Jii:.
=> 2.5 = O.lv 2
=> v= 5 mis
Answer (5)

30. Topic: Work

PQ=5m=d
Work done·by force from P to Q is Fd.
1
Fd = mgh+ mv02
2
1
18x5 = (lx10x4)+-xlxv�
2
 J El� AD r NGED - PIIY JCS

vi
__g_ =KE= 50 = (h x 10) Joules = Ua4o e-(�)' [x(x + a)(x - a)]
2
Therefore, n = 5. F = 0 at x = 0, x = ±a. F is an even function in x; so for
Answer (5) x
l l < a, F is negative.
31. Topic: Kinetic Energy x
When ball falls for time t, its velocity is v = u +at= 0 + gt
U4 = �o [;
- 3 :3 ]
and

=2
k .!.mv 2
U
F = _ d 4 = -U0
dx 2 a
[.!.- 2
,ix ]
.ia1

l == Uo3 [x2 -a2 ]

k=-mg 2t2 2a
2
F=Oatx==±a
k oc t 2 .
-U U
Grnph is a parabola. During collision, it gets compressed Atx=-a, U4 =-- 3
.Atx=a; U4 ==
0

3
0

and KE reduces till it becomes zero at maximum com­

pression. Hence, it can oscillate aboutx = -a
Answer (B) . u
1'f total energy 1s < -o .
3
32. Topic: The Conservation of Mechanical Energy
We have A�swer (A)�(P), (Q), (R), (T); (B)->(Q), (S);
(C)->(P), (Q), (R), (S); (D)�(P), (R), (T)
U 0 1--
x 2 2
u1 =-2 [ a ]
2 33. Topic: Collisions

F = _ dU, =- v 0 - x2 -
2(1 2 )( 2x
2 )
Trailing
face
Leading
face
dx 2 a a
-u
=_
2vo 2 - 2
(a x )x
a4
Before colllslon
F = 0 at x = 0, x = ±a. Now, at x = -a, u, = 0. At x = 0-
'.
It is given that the average speed of gas molecules is u.
UI =
Uo Speed of plate is v. Speed on plate is F.
2

( ;r
Just before the collision, gas molecules are approaching
(PE due to oscillation + some other PE) the leading and training faces of the plate with speed u.
Just after the collision, gas molecules will bounce back
u2 = �o with speed u and u2•
V
_ U _U Trailing Leading
F = d 2 = 02
x

face face
dx a
F O atx=O
=

After collision

Now at trailing face, speed before collision is u - v.

Speed after collision is u2 + v.
By conservation law,
u2 + v=u-v
=
u2 u-2v (I)
and =
t.u2 2u-2v (2 )
Similarly at leading face, Net force on plate is
speed before collision is u + v Fne,=FI -F2
speed after collision is u 1 - v = pA(u + v)(2u + 2v)-pA(u-v)(2u -2v)
By conservation law,
U 1 -V= U +V = 2pA(u + v)(u + v)-2pA(u -v)(u -v)
u1 = u + 2v (3) = 2pA(u +v)2 - 2pA(u -v)2
and Liu 1 = 2u + 2v (4)
= 2pA[(u+v) 2 -(u-v) 2 ]
Now from Newton's second law of motion,
dp = 2pA[u 2 +v2 +2uv-(u 2 +v2 -2uv)]
F=
dt = 2pA(u 2 + v 2 + 2uv-u 2 -v 2 + 2uv)
For leading face,
dp1 = 2pA(4uv)
F =
I
dt
F0e, = 8pAuv
Volume swept by plate is A(u + v), therefore,
. F 8pA.uv
dpl
F; = - = pA(u + v)Liu 1 Now pressure difference = �= ---
A A
dt
Therefore, Pressure difference= 8puv
F; = pA(u + v)(2u + 2v) (5)
Pressure difference oc uv (option A)
Similarly, for trailing face,
Now F0e,= 8pAuv
dPi
- rndv
F2 =
Net resistance force = F-(8pAu)v =
dt dt
Volume swept by plate is A(u - v). Therefore, where F is constant force by gas molecules on plate
dp So, resistance force oc v ( option B)
F2 = -z = pA(u-v)Liu2
dt At later time v will become sufficient so that F= 8pAuv
F2 = pA(u-v)(2u - 2v) (6) Thus, external force F will balance resistive force
(option D).
Trailing Leading Answer (A), (B), (D)
face face
F1