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Halfwave & Fullwave

Half-wave rectification uses a diode to allow only the positive half of the AC cycle to pass to the output. This results in a DC output voltage of 0.318 times the peak AC voltage. Full-wave rectification using either a bridge rectifier or center-tapped transformer produces a greater DC output of 0.636 times the peak AC voltage. The peak inverse voltage rating of the diode must exceed the peak AC voltage to avoid reverse breakdown of the diode during the negative half-cycle.

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39 views16 pages

Halfwave & Fullwave

Half-wave rectification uses a diode to allow only the positive half of the AC cycle to pass to the output. This results in a DC output voltage of 0.318 times the peak AC voltage. Full-wave rectification using either a bridge rectifier or center-tapped transformer produces a greater DC output of 0.636 times the peak AC voltage. The peak inverse voltage rating of the diode must exceed the peak AC voltage to avoid reverse breakdown of the diode during the negative half-cycle.

Uploaded by

nardnard
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RECTIFICATION

Half-Wave Rectification

• The diode only conducts when it is forward biased, therefore only half
of the AC cycle passes through the diode to the output.

• At positive half-cycle:
Half-Wave Rectification

• At negative half-cycle:

The DC output voltage is 0.318Vm, where Vm = the peak AC voltage.


Sample Problem 1

(a) Sketch the vo and


determine the dc level of the
output for the given circuit

(b) Repeat part (a) if the ideal


diode is replaced by a silicon
diode.
PIV (PRV)

• Because the diode is only forward biased for one-half of the AC cycle, it is
also reverse biased for one-half cycle.

• It is important that the reverse breakdown voltage rating of the diode be


high enough to withstand the peak, reverse-biasing AC voltage.

•PIV (or PRV) > Vm


•PIV = Peak inverse voltage
•PRV = Peak reverse voltage
•Vm = Peak AC voltage
Sample Problem 2

Determine the following


a. output voltage and the
average voltage across
the load for the given
circuit.
b. PIV rating of the diode.

1N4002 is a silicon diode.


Full-Wave Rectification

• The rectification
process can be
improved by using a
full-wave rectifier
circuit.

• Full-wave rectification
produces a greater DC
output:

• Half-wave: Vdc = 0.318Vm


• Full-wave: Vdc = 0.636Vm
Full-Wave Rectification
Bridge Rectifier
Four diodes are connected in a bridge configuration
VDC = 0.636Vm
Full-Wave Rectification
Sample Problem 3

Sketch the vo and determine


the dc level of the output for
the given circuit
Full-Wave Rectification
Center-Tapped Transformer Rectifier

Requires
• Two diodes
• Center-tapped transformer
VDC = 0.636Vm
Full-Wave Rectification
Summary of Rectifier Circuits
Rectifier Ideal VDC Realistic VDC

Half Wave Rectifier VDC = 0.318Vm VDC = 0.318 (Vm – 0.7V)

Bridge Rectifier VDC = 0.636Vm VDC = 0.636 (Vm – 2(0.7 V))

Center-Tapped Transformer
VDC = 0.636Vm VDC = 0.636 (Vm – 0.7 V)
Rectifier

Vm = peak of the AC voltage.

In the center tapped transformer rectifier circuit, the peak AC voltage is the
transformer secondary voltage to the tap.
Sample Problem 4

Determine the output


voltage and the average
voltage across the load for
the given circuit. 1N4001 is a
silicon diode.
Sample Problem 5

Repeat the previous problem


when the circuit used is a
bridge-type rectifier.
Sample Problem 6

Determine the peak voltage


and the average voltage
across the load for the given
circuit. Diodes are silicon

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