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Biomechanics and Sports

Biomechanics is the study of forces acting on the human body in static or moving conditions. It is important for improving sports performance and technique, developing improved sports equipment, improving training techniques, preventing injuries, understanding the body's systems, and maintaining safety and health. The principles of biomechanics help increase an athlete's confidence and a sport's popularity. Biomechanics also analyzes types of movements like flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. Newton's laws of motion are important in explaining concepts in sports like an object's inertia, the relationship between force and acceleration, and the concept of equal and opposite reactions.

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92 views4 pages

Biomechanics and Sports

Biomechanics is the study of forces acting on the human body in static or moving conditions. It is important for improving sports performance and technique, developing improved sports equipment, improving training techniques, preventing injuries, understanding the body's systems, and maintaining safety and health. The principles of biomechanics help increase an athlete's confidence and a sport's popularity. Biomechanics also analyzes types of movements like flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. Newton's laws of motion are important in explaining concepts in sports like an object's inertia, the relationship between force and acceleration, and the concept of equal and opposite reactions.

Uploaded by

lohota
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Biomechanics & Sports

Meaning of Biomechanics:
Bio + Mechanics
Bio : Living organism
Mechanics : Branch of Physical science which deals with
force acting on a body in static condition or in moving
condition.
Biomechanics: is the study of forces & their effects on human
being is moving or in static condition.
Importance of Biomechanics:
i. Improves performance in sports: principles of biomechanics
tell us about right techniques, effective and result oriented
posture to get more efficient results by applying minimum
muscular force which in turn improves performance in sports.
ii. Improvement in technique: with the help of biomechanical
principles the physical education teacher corrects the mistakes.
This helps in improving the game and performance of the
player.
iii. Development of improved sports equipment: the principles
of biomechanics are used to modify the sports equipment’s. For
example, tee shirts, studs, spikes, swimming costumes, hockey
sticks, different size footballs and low weight helmets for
protection.
iv. Improve in training techniques: a teacher can analyze the
player’s movement or action with the help of the biomechanical
principles. It helps in improving the training techniques.
v. Prevents sports injuries: it helps to find out the factors or the
forces that can lead to the injuries during the game situation. It
also helps in prevention of the sports injury.
vi. Helps in understanding human body: it gives the knowledge
of different systems of our body. For example, nervous system,
muscular system and skeletal system.
vii. Knowledge of safety principles: biomechanics gives the
understanding to analyze different movements that can harm
the player. The teachers remove those unnecessary and harmful
movements.
viii. Helps in research work: biomechanics helps in teaching
and learning process. It also helps the teacher to acquire
precision and accuracy of movement.
ix. Creates confidence in player: The player knows that he is
executing the movement scientifically with the help of
principal of biomechanics. Thus the confidence of the player is
enhanced.
x. Helps in maintaining healthy body: Principals of
biomechanics gives deep knowledge about the effect of
physical forces and movements over the body as well as the
movements which are safe and promotes health. Thus
biomechanics helps in maintaining healthy body.
xi. Increases the popularity of sports: biomechanical principles
have brought remarkable improvements in respect of
technique, equipment, skill and play fields. It helps in
promoting the games and sports in the masses.

Types of movements (Flexion, Extension, Abduction &


Adduction):
a) Flexion: Bending parts at a joint so
that the angle between them decreases
and parts come closer together
(bending the lower limb at the knee).
b) Extensions: Straightening parts so
that the angle between them increases
and parts moves farther apart (straightening the lower limb at
the knee).
c) Abduction: means moving a
part away from the midline
(lifting the upper limb
horizontally to form a right
angle with the side of the
body))
d) Adduction: means moving a part towards the midline
(returning the upper limb from the horizontal position to the
side of the body).
Newton’s Law of Motion & its application in sports:
The three laws of motion formulated by Newton are described
below
1. Law of inertia: According to this law a body at rest will
remain at rest and a body in motion will remain in motion at the
same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an
external force. There are great examples of this law in sports
such as starting in rowing, starting in sprinting, starting in
throwing the hammer. Basically if an object is in motion, it
remains in motion unless something or some external force
stops it. The external force may be gravitational force, the
surface of playing field or a defensive player etc.For Ex:
Starting in sprinting, starting in rowing, starting in hammer
throw.
2. Law of acceleration: According to this law, A change in
motion is directly proportional to the force producing it and
inversely proportional to its mass. If two unequal forces are
applied to objects of equal mass, the object that has greater
force applied will move faster. Conversely, if two equal forces
are applied to objects of different masses, the lighter mass will
travel at a faster speed.eg. In hammer throw, a thrower who is
stronger will throw the hammer farther than a thrower who is
less strong.
3. Law of reaction: According to this law ‘For every action
there is an equal and opposite reaction.’ There are so many
examples in sports where this law is applied. e.g., in swimming
a swimmer pushes the water backwards (action) and the water
pushes the swimmer forward (reaction) with the same force. In
swimming, a swimmer pushes the water backwards (action).
The water pushes the swimmer forward (reaction) with the
same force.

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