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Strength of Materials

Strength of Materials deals with the relationship between external loads and their effects on solid materials. It is important for the adequate design of structures and machines to withstand loads and fulfill their objectives safely and economically. While the science began in ancient Greece, it was further developed in the 18th century by scientists like Coulomb and Navier who made important discoveries. Strength of Materials analyzes deformations in solids due to loads, whether temporary and reversible or permanent, and may even cause materials to break under excessive force. Hooke's law forms the basis, stating that deformation is directly proportional to applied stress.

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44 views2 pages

Strength of Materials

Strength of Materials deals with the relationship between external loads and their effects on solid materials. It is important for the adequate design of structures and machines to withstand loads and fulfill their objectives safely and economically. While the science began in ancient Greece, it was further developed in the 18th century by scientists like Coulomb and Navier who made important discoveries. Strength of Materials analyzes deformations in solids due to loads, whether temporary and reversible or permanent, and may even cause materials to break under excessive force. Hooke's law forms the basis, stating that deformation is directly proportional to applied stress.

Uploaded by

Djemil Ramy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

READING

Strength of Materials is a very important part of Engineering, it deals with


the relationship between the external loads and their effects on solid materials.
Strength of Materials is very important for the adequate design of structures,
machines and other engineering works like buildings, cars, airplanes, bridges
and so on, in order to fulfill the objectives for which they are attempted. Because
of this, it is of vital importance to know the qualities of the materials to be used,
since a failure could be of serious consequences in the safety and economical
concerns.

The science of Strength of Materials began in the ancient Greece where


several wise men involved themselves in its study. However, it did not mean
much at the time. It was not until the XVIII Century that Coulomb and Navier
made important discoveries on this field.

Strength of Materials deals with the causes affecting solids due to loads on
them, watching carefully the occurring deformations which can be either of two
types: Temporary deformations, which occur when materials get back to their
original size and shape after they are released of the load or loads. This is not the
case for the second type; that is to say,permanent deformations. Sometimes
when the forces are overexceeded, the material can break.

Robert Hooke (1638-1702) developed the famous law which is the basis
for Strength of Materials, it states that "the deformation of a body is in direct
proportion to the stress applied onto it". The mathematical equation for this law
is as follows:
/ E
is the deformation of the body

is the applied stress

E is the Elasticity constant, which is a particular property of the solid body

Another important fact about this aspect of engineering is the Flexure


Equation, which is useful to calculate the normal stress onto the parts of a solid
when its dimensions and mechanical characteristics are known.
As we can see, Strength of Materials is extremely important for civil
engineering, since every work involves efficient and well designed structures.

Word Meaning Word Meaning


airplanes forces
body load
carefully objectives
charges onto
concern property
consequences qualities
effect resistance
elasticity safety
extremely stress
failure temporary
flexure until

TOPIC 5.- EXERCISES

Fill the blanks with the proper words to complete the sentences
1.- For a construction, it is of vital importance, to know the _______ of _______
to be
used.
2.- _______ and _______ made important discoveries on Strength of Materials.
3.- The ______ law states: “The _______ of a body is in direct proportion to the
_______
applied onto it”

TOPIC 6.- QUESTIONS


1.- What does Strength of Materials deal with?
2.- Why is Strength of Materials important?
3.- When did Strength of Materials begin?
4.- Who were Coulomb and Navier?
5.- What are the two types of deformations?
6.- What is a temporary deformation?
7.- What is a permanent deformation?
8.- State Hooke´s law.
9.- What is the elasticity constant?
10.- Why is flexure equation useful?

TOPIC 7.- COGNATES


Identify 8 cognates in the third paragraph of the lesson

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