a wer Thrroductfon steel Stuctures ancl losin Conchpes 14. Types OF Structural steel TH TS matiy cited! aetorcigy FO The percentage OF Carbon ) Contain: Hardiness Of Carbon Stee) Tacreases ITH marbvon Content and decreases ducHITAy -S Mid set Pe matleable & ducts, userur when Toad bea7'ag7 fs not as pemary Constderatton- 7 There are mainly foowig WPS OF Steel = _A. Mind Steer — “SIF pontatrs jess Fhan 6.2 Te Carbon- — Application: - TS TF Ps sed TH Were, prpes, NUTS, Loris ere WR. Media Corton ste —> IF Contains (0-3-06)7< carbon - Appircation: 5 [SF wares beams and girder sector, automobFle Comporents, wariKlay Packs etc ar Hign Carbon S¥EG)= —S Tr contains (O-6=75)%/e Carbon- Application St i used rn avn ors, Knives, hammers, Cuiting Fools ete Nex Fz properttes” OF sructural StC0\: (stress — Strain Characters r¥c = anowable sresses aN r Heys rare OF H gr tensile ee dragmun OF tid steel Plastic Gore 2 aes arate Rs iSyrees-chalin character isHes Scanned with CamScanner(AT laste Vint By «Nierd “tress porn¥ /Opper geld stress Ss potny C= Loner ¥1 ee Sfrees potny “By Oi Sess pointy = > mod uIUT OP CESHTIEKE) =2 = Ee Breaicing OF rupture point > UP MeIgMEL Ye PAs | mote OF ClashetyLEY= aS poeston'raho WGI? (P) Mechantcar propertres OF steel: “> Yield Hress (hy) = 250n ime > => Gare SRS Fu = SON nn - SIR ConFnUDUTY_Yyreldng = wy ePuchuraT steer y feta strength ty Fe The Spress Corresponding #0 0.2 Je shaih Obraned By ‘drantng A Ine parallel -to OA OF the Stress == Seu CUE — SS The aucrity Of the cieer se apTity to deform Witihou T— Prackire GS measured Fniernmce Of ojo Of eoppatfon Kinch gen FY 5.6550 : “Thlhere So0= atgrral Cross -secton area 43 USe Of Steel aS Structural wembers™ Various Sructural member can be be butt by Urry Chel => “Com press ton mem ber : —STencfon member ne - —> Flexural member errder THe ber > ~ “Advantage OF steev Structure ~ “ereel member have high shength per Unlt kleigny- ed SHEN DeY GA AuCHle wareraly does HOF Fars Suctaanyy- FS eel ve the Ultimate reQrthbje maiorale Th has Sutaztent temtie and Compressive Strengths Ne Erfecttve reuse oS higher. Scanned with CamScanner< Steer has the Wf, Tghest scorap value: oe Ease of falntcatton and speed of erection: SS ithsiand extencive cle formatfon Witthout Favvure even Under high tensile Sires - SS Very Strong € Flexible — Seer Famed “houses are vdeal TH CY Clone [hunrvcane pore Yegrons: —> Steel has high strength +o weigh vate as compared to concrete v7 Uniformity = properties oF steel do wor Change af Appose Fo Concreke = — > Elasrretty +— cfeet Fottows Hooke’s taw very accurately % Disadvantages OF steel structures: r Te Matntenance Coot = steel Sniciures are Zuscephb le Fo Corrsk =on When exposed FO alz, Water and humdity They must be Painted perodeany. 5 : T rm bteel has Very Smatl VesitanCe against frre az Compared to | Gncrete- _ ; > “Sheel has a litgh expansion vate fo Changing Fem pem tures —> Steel ave Weavy & thus expensive to pans port: coo in Steel Stucpures, Energy are intense to produce | +> Bittle 3 Under certafn “Condyhens steel may (exe PHT auewiiy, & brittle fracture may occur at places OF Stress ° Concentration = ~ ; Sreel cannot be morc ary dreches You vant: IFCan one | be used Pr forms P> whch Sectrons. Orlginaviy CXF: | " Fartgue = (ue Srengrh Of Shuctingy Shee member decreases — | PF WHR member ts subfected Fe cyele Woad™9- —> Fre proof ‘a OSt = Skeet PF fm Gmbustible matey, hroeres, Th ee tM ee 3 ted Pemerdour yy aF Var ‘Femperatures due 4o Scanned with CamScannerSteel Compacition D-Fe +c+sh-+mg yi SBN Se wee %. Shuctural ster: re “eet ed = A_ form Of steel = Ciy High Sirengr Chuchuat steer SET a" (i) Cas Fron = B) Shape OF Secrron Genera yy I Steel Gructwe, volled weeFPon (honored Or Cold Polled J are used OI Fs “manga ined Fn Chape and Size by DIFF . AHiper Bome widely. Used Shapes Of oiled Seciton are as ben () Beam sechon [ i-sechan: = = - Flange (eurve shaped) BS D-vietd Fig Beam section co Flange, 7 ~ Ts These cect¥or are generatiy Gsed ae beams L Blames Zometimes Also Used as member ef heap truss. Scanned with CamScanner> There are differen} types Of beam, section Kihich below * von ~ W_TS™G 200 Mdhere IS = Indian atandard Wy TsT BIS = Numerical Value = Depth UD Ts LB1A00 Mp= Medium Ream 7 Wy) Te we 200 — JB = Junior Beam W@W) Ts HB 250 US = Light bean We = Wr be 7 HE = Heavy beam y 7 7 ~ used IF Bridge Coe Flange moo ‘curve (emce it te mele by rolling ) Temc200 i ~ = mottaae. - XO Flange Fipt Channel Unequal angle section Scanned with CamScanner>) Principal major ax’s > more or High Moment Of inertia | D> Princspal minor axis 35 less oF low! Moment Of inertia PHyRCipal major & minor axis are perpendicular yo each OFher — - (4) T-secton Tr 7 > : : | Fig: 1- Section a) | These Sectors are vot wider used Pr FUSE BU are rarey’ used - (Sy plate & Flas | Fp *Theenest LE p= Vhickness 7S Y — \_ - oo / = ~ 7 ! Fig: Plate ~;Y L Flntsused Tae yign FIST FAES AbBasfs OF design 1 > aster SAE SS serveanney — Finis aed m Enfechin > Etgnom?C Scanned with CamScanner¥ Methods o-€ desfqn: ____a Woretng Sires method Cae) ‘ANoHabIe-shengin Aes ynCAED 2. imtt 5 tate Method (13M) : Corel and resistance factored dengn CURES we An Wrork?ing” Strese method Cae 5 Ths method OF design TS AISG canted Clase Method OF design, AS Srresses developed due Fe Woretaz load in member are Assumed Fo We wiht Slaske Wmit of maternal aad 34 Fe Also assumed” That Siesa —SRALR be havfgur OF materiel %S Mreariy elastfe within cerfain 1 ee Charactertatfe Shrength: Tt % value Of marefal strength, wohen matertal 75 VeqeA It Has S5oe Proawniryy hat vesatt wii be greater ran Phat Value OF Shength- 4 Frequ enc: zs a? oa =, SO Ye Su a Characheriste Strength i = Chavacteris se ‘Strengyn= (Mean: SPSS TEA RET) a 2%\02 imme 7 Wye 250 Nim ™ e mid Steet “ Fa = Sonim _ 4 KE CharacterPevhe toad? (Sere lead, werking ead TERS Fhe Value OF [oad Pre Considered during dest yn | actual joad acting on structure shoud Mave 95% possPbii ity Scanned with CamScannerbePng less than drat load- % i ar — Loi La voad Toad Characten3¥e (oad =[ mean toad + CE4K SDJ Factor OF Sagrey: i Factor oF SaRFRY, Are Used FO OVEFCOME UNCOrFaP THe “Aang destgn OF Sruchues The amount oF Factor oF Satiep 1 depends upon degree oF uncertan Pty , TMPO7 rw ce OF Siu dure 1 Qe: ‘ ZI Wloviing SESS MEST, Factor OF Sattey PS Used by decea stng mareral Shength, dectased matertal Swength 75 1 CATEH allowable Shength oF perm isstole Strength. _ Tf Aowabre Strengre Or permstsPbje Srenghn = Yreid area) Fa Chor OF sattey Bashe princhple OF WorErng siess method Ps thay SHegs developed due to wlovemy < Ariana ble Sress CF Load t Example: petermme Ctameter OF Sree vod Fo Carry Fens Te soln: Force TOoRN: P=, Klorking tensile load (py=iooky >| p i let, dfamerer oF rod =a. Scanned with CamScannerTenstie stress developed due to worPng load < Allowable tensile —— Sess = Fe= 250M} mom Card steeiy 7 Te Yooko” 2 0.6% 250 Tid? provid A= somm + — or io” ad OvGKZESD- a LY aT aqaeze dA 2913) * Advantages of WSD — > hes method Se stmple- —> Whts Ys resonably reliable SAS HE Work Pr SPeess Ave \0W, the servrcawrh'ty requmerren are SATERed quromaticalyy Me Uetrabon of WIsD STEP giver the Paprecsion Wat Factor OF cagtey tres Fhe Workmg load PF he faiture load Wheh %e Hot yu > . Rivered > S < a “ nN ST + 7 = SZ : a 7 PBT Fed Camnectien mS — ~ ~_| EE. Welded Connection 7 ~ — —| | es m_ ey - Riveted connection | 5 Ut) According 70 Vaatny g 1. Concenbrcany Toaclecl Connectron : —F “2. EtternPeany loaded Connection = Eccenmeany loaded 7 ——tornecHon = _— F9: tonconstéauy | toaded Connection . a - = a 4) Be Destgn CF Welded ConnectPon* an G) Types OF Wadeg accordng fo Welding process Scanned with CamScanner‘l. Are \atelding Cextensively used)- ~ ae Saitek are niedng —™ ere weding ' 7 _ 9 Welding - =] 2 Gas wleratagy 7 3. Therm? t Weldin So Pressure Weidigy BS Accords 40 Orrentatton OF Connectfon Can Ge Gategerrsed i CG) Fret werd Qi) BUF* Wed eid PH Steet smichue, Weided te Cerrowing? “HOO types A wp nad vote om Scanned with CamScannerRe —— ——-— a A =r a TW Pre Ffective pow Vion a iasen oS — aS Size of Weld = 7 Tk te generany Used for measuring Weld and PH PS Homtnal cimenston of wicid. — => Throat Phekness OF weld (%): A — IF ¥s least effete S CROSS TeecHFonal Abmension OF Weld Th Pedued dung clevign Fo carclare Sheng oF Weld =< Where © Ps Constenp depend ay Qpo” Age wenocen curFace Madd S lenyrh of weid = Area of weid a’ Contributes 40 Carry wad = kxt ‘ vs 7S] =r ahaaw #2 dveiopea ag > psT * wera Scanned with CamScannera ce Fe Sheay Ps_cetveloped in werd Sapretin = - - = + r= a Tensim Ps developed im : Raa ~ Shear Ps developed . wid Force COT capacity OF Weld = permissible ohecs K area of WR HAF Canves load = permanvle sess KIKE ~) Where, 2 length of Waid y t= Throat Parekness <= = = = — weid can be dtvided ints Foo Pes air regirg entien cote tt ented _E, Sarees portion — GQ) partiay penetrated t eng Pthe reed bury : Barr uf Pere @ Welding Go werd ie Weidipn ait 7 a Fea poviton OF tne Plare On One side oniy. Emacs of Has Hiern of piate- Ek fechve neekness OF Butt Herd (LE) a Scanned with CamScanner% length of weld Ct) . f/f} et On Fs developed T oe Eee ate werd => ae 3 = - Compression T= clevelopedt Pa Wei Shear ¥= developed tm Weld - H FOrce ar capacity OF Wield = permdsipie Shese Karta —f te OF Weld That Caries toad - = permasible ¥AXe = —y wlnere, Qe length og Wad | R= Effectwe qhictness _ —T Atrdms +o TSSle, permessible Stresses Qn Werd areas pew: Scanned with CamScanner“—s Permise vie com pressiesngs (cae pee) Stsonnmm C7 = Fssape mest MELT LY Betermme Shrov qorce Carrying Capac ; ay HS Prooot Sheerness Gigmm and rergye Bcomm. — > son — Uagre, . _ ~ GWear Force COTES Capacdy = Permissible Shear sress KEKE = WON lmm™ RK 00mm Xap mm = lassoon = Ses SNSesEN = — we Sy Desigh A Weide Connect¥On Fo Conrect plates haveng Cross secs 7 shal Ammension (COMM OmMMm and ISUMm Kiemm wyrap fare Plates ave suwyected axiay Tere rene of 2OCEN: S019: Top vient E jt over a prergre 2 Cress-secHion GE AWA Scanned with CamScannerload +0 be Cavvied wy Weld UP)=200FN - PaVengit 6k Bled — - _— Effective lengyh(R)= L—2KS = © engrh used for design) ° ~ Tokar lehghh (Uy) = k42KS Cease of werd ‘ - OD pe iated te Fie TAD According FS Code, cae _Martmum sfze of eid (Smax) = Ep bsmm) = lo-s = ksmm S Delearance Fl Smm Lenot ess than TSmw Now, TwPntmun Sve OF Weld (Smin) = 57 Ca TE OT ThRECR Plake %S jzmmy ~, Adopreg SPEC OT Weld (| Bio ALRNO TERE ’ = PRE CETSToR™ SxSmm- PAD St pS S%6mm > 2oktplae (Silom SS 7p | ai sqaqaem step2> Determinmy lena-th OF tard TO be sate = PS (Permeable haar TTR LEE) DookN Z thon tmmey 9X 4-9qmm Scanned with CamScanner— Ter UF provide weidng ar 8 Sydes AS Shown de nsveese le) Bid) areuyar to re CRerpeA Tongiragtnay etd) ¢parate, 18 fer) Ere i “Jenghr Of aletd= 2X Over- AORN (ate 0 wien Jap \ergth $100 : __ FF “evartap ienath oF, (@ Koveriap Vagrhfioomm) Seer mm OF Overlap lenghh > 768-100 = 24mm) =. providmg overtap tng he Tqomm Accordmgete code, Z “Gveriap nak SF 4omr ees OF Fayre ~ Xab= 00mm eS eeee iH Phare snaiyeareat Frocidmy end Cerus provide weld AF WO Sides Tengyh 0 Fcctd= 2X overlap iy} “Leng Length of weld =: [268 wre Tor, Dk Overlap leghh = Fem] vevlap length = 368 Gh Overlap leg ist =| Doverlap \engrh = 184 ate Peso overlap \ength = 190 PM pe Overlap) a ee connechon €or lap Foes Fo Conve ce truss ESS bese De L 4 Di ORWOCKO WH HUSsSer Plate oF thrteness zm: bai member § ia SUbzgecred ane tons Ne force of 250 EN: : Scanned with CamScannerStep T= Giver ard dehermany size OF Weld. Gp —S ANAT Toad (Py=2s0En > Fe ex 7 —S FOV IEA \OoKOOxI0 (from ISROR) Up Cae ty 2284 = Stze oF Wade) = Saegan => Maximum size OF Ged (Smax) = Sep KOT FTO “ ~ 7. Smax =. > Minimum size of weld(Smin) tp w Le —— “ETB —TavcaF SHieenes OF WMT Lt) EAL ape Sad 0 ES SG iQ dene WERT OF PFE PAGED Scanned with CamScannerLEN oN 3 Qa lverermine Vhe maximum icad carrying capactty of ae eccennreryy, loaded Welded Connection cs Shown tm Figuis,~ VnERe Vera lond VS cheng AE ion Foner Aare oF Columns Coneidtr Ste OF Kel SS , an tn Here, = —_ Cer, 232-1 sagem Tepid. Given: : zi acenrrc load achng On lmcket plate ( py=z > = = — 2 7 Bree OF weld GP = Toe Throar thickness OF Weld (4) = length oF Weld (1) 1S0H1S04259 mot vs = s00mm SFeps; Determming C& and cece her Conne chon : = SF Ws Ay kat Aaa ¥ Aa He + Ait A2t As = 1257 RFS + 16ESXGIF IASI RFS T2514 28g 4125 7 = G3. 332mm ye Aigit Aade Aaya Bit ArtAz me asym 1og.1t FEET Xo “Fl66?-Hes) = - a Scanned with CamScannerim a2 (SOE 3 ieoxt (1o0t ty)” jo thet 29 0xe3 4: z = 2 [tat sore #199 -8)*] + (eat tents) ~ €=\50- xen 7 es =1S0—48 372432.) = l2ae4eGmm SO “+ Sheps Calcularyg maximum yesulinny Shear Stress (Corman) Ge Neat rent Ferd enione Tren = YY Ta Titian HEA Tm max (O50 ~~ Then, = —— : a t= P e 2. 398 ® RIO TP — a SOOKE 1S0-% > los este _— Kt = 108 -Ze IO Tmax = PREY Yenax 2 ms (06-66 = 1Ge.218m™ - Gy 7 Ine ( TS OXS 34% + ISOKTFS X 10q.1 Oe =f S0nK84G Sy te St A T= TSORe4G X 104-18 | 4F-[_ 8.54 R200") <~ A Te Js = eyed ert ammo Ty= B-2GKI0 FISOAT-IG TIGEE Bez) y- Ca Gs $F BOORTAG K ( AEHEFE BY yy - = = os} eear-4q mrg Then, d= Nay =NJ (qe Fee HEY + (W092) 4H) = 24515634-59mr9 Scanned with CamScanner=< 3GS1SBSF “99 , = 5. ott RIOT PRT Ria = = "a - . Ther, - — “Trax = pre Ymax = P* Sd6e XiGezs | - Resutfan® sree srrese | TH)mae = Vee + Ciminx $24 Tanta 9 - 800 = SD-* - = — AST H4 5-33. — : : = aaa Reve A oT —— | Pa RAT soe) = FeG ~ Yoo ~ ™ _ + £0, = Ssnrts —<— “ Geag °F gor Gaes a ~~ 7 — : Ta QS POH FOU GE GPS GIS —- 1 Then ro 4, “Cijman = \ + (Sst exio 5) "pam 2S9ENe SFE KOS GT ES ~> FS0L x10 PN} = tep-q check for Saftey = — Cy) max PS permiser bles shear chess rray or, P80 Xo tp WONT mms or, Pe aOC# SEN “ oP ES TSHPOcqEn “ _ Rehm Scanned with CamScanner~to\umn some t TT S¥ze OF Weid= thm Acie _P* \soRM Si oo —\— wT — = Zoom ’ J = Bracker plare - af Et eereermrm - SE time =e some ~ - Perrmine siete OF Weld a S=7. Scanned with CamScannerLe length oF Hela = - " “C Sffechve Fineinest OF Widid.. = ‘ ~ Foy parang penetrated wurt Wed — _ t+ SB xtp — rt - Foy Fug pewhared but Weld u Fung pererated t=to buyF Weld Were, a E =. eaenhic toad Can be vesoived PR tia loads > Concentmc (cad p” > Rending MomenF PKe | Ths developedl. due to Concer RFC Toad Pp™ SF acts Fn oppostte dtrectton OF pe STF PS Uniform throughout the Weld aa : —> Ta= P = P For Mlle Weld & Throat Area oF werd UKE For butt Weld t> ex feciht Fhicknes —T Pry Ben dtng Teneton and Compress70" (Fae or eve) * => Ty fs developed due FO Bend} Moment PXe- Set ¥ be the perpendtcalar dviante from q-axts qo ay port fn Weld aS Shown Im below figure. SCnordea) ac porperdtaulery lp Fhe me yp a—ans- : Scanned with CamScannerMoment Of Fnertta of Weld Abus a-axis Front views ~ = > Cet ore y= My xy = PEE KY Were MEPKE < t= : Resultant Of “ca” and (eucorem) can be 4-(F825955-914 "Say Shear Stress y a NG ad ( a a wii A = 24q3.812 mm > S¥episy Check tor - Step= Hresses- Cleveloped WH Wed — AS Yoad fs achry perpendreuias Plane oF Weidmg- So, Foumny So types Of Chess WIM devlop wm weid- shear SWeSs (Ta) = pS IZOKIOSON = VOCCT Nim EXE Ate Scanned with CamScanner“OR Bendy, Fenslon or Compnes sion (Sut or Bie) = Pxe Sh ya - ~ “ath ey E Wornet oh . = parent unt" pate — | OF, Ge OF Sie = \ZOXTOOOK RO XY max 7 - = a _ = _ i = \hoecoxeo KA - wKae ra ee > 7 +E lak OY6ix= O00 NIM — = CoN - “Hoe, = ary "Resuttan t Shear SEES (TT) = : | (eee) Ce - _ = 10N tom Sfeped _chece ey ay 7a EN 7 TO be Safe, - Crier —pemresiaye Shear Tye ss oF Weird Tmax 2 NONIme — - a S215 cee = = — =i provides - Scanned with CamScanneri mer VE aupeceet ax fay Aenstle kore Of sr _| "weit a .__t = and JOOx | ep ler Io lo. e } a — ——-- — fe — TeuseF pate a “== a SFEPi: Geren and Aeremmng LE oF wed ) = Axrai load Cp) zas0en = ge SEW TIR OO KOOKS CAO TSO T —| cy ee =| — os Te CEC ERO Ee — Le wm —| = — of Klara) — =~ maxtrum cf2e of weg” Gmagyaz Ep. — Sag s “3 3B XO FSH 7 | + mmmum size of ef Weld (Smin) = =smm Scanned with CamScannerSprowrang ‘s¥ze BOF er (s “Wheat Fwreknese oF eid LE) = [ere TRV ererTTETy VeRgTh OF weld: = To Wesafe “PS permis thle Shar srress K Aree OF MAI | PS [LOW mre Kiet = _ — OF,250 ER Z VION Im? ZNKG-9G mH — - ~ TV > 460.06 mre = berrrs Pays weIdTnA eH Annee Slee as SHOOT WRU ies _ Guuser pie (Gtk Fleey S 460-06 Tm Uti2 Sseo-cemm oO Ry Shae TH He - 7 dof veciawe “1S o om of about anit Passmg through C.G = { \ie_ =28ne, rcpt eee pi ee ee Past mg through cg. Theh CO, OF Ae feren¥ reckangie are aes “tn the dbove Figures Scanned with CamScannerTher, [Le ere) J FL CARtH AT = (Woo-Ca) FER 10-2] | ea se et [Sekt (loo) +4) J To TRR KET sy} eT eRaRE NK IT 25.57] FL dex 4.54 x (Woo-284) = \ as 2 Fay] (OY, $2498, + 1992203 = 12662603 + 3ES.906 42 OF, 18254 cing eg” Ori @ ~ Nw 7 994) — 365-90682 = (O6FO.G @®- Ry > 244.42 mm Rpt 85.34 oer = ; provid mg wr 2, 2270MH and f2>40mm D3 Bded Conrechow 40 Convect. the WSs tem ey 6. 6eesign AW Teme (50, whith har 40 carvy WDmpress Ve FOree OF 4008nN, “torr Fhe gusse¥ plate Of Phrckness Tomi - Overlap jength Shoud > so a 7 FOI eE greater ar heriap lenge ‘ornm er ee ar Lal —— as z Tmensional (ure | | = ~ x 2 Gusset Plape ___ 1 Fsmcin} « Kausset phe Scanned with CamScanneree i Step lL Giver, Axval Comprex we. forte (p>= Foor nN Tor Isme 150. 5 large $ "ep e Pivekness OF Flange = poe = Ee eRe OF Geb wate - Da Psdiaten dope = = GF ens ~ . = - _ From TsR08 de, 7 For sTeoreadsy - 1 D=450mm- > Maxi mumeize Of weld (Smax) BI ao mR SSS Ey 1 Sm Ee “Smm = SSIS ows S.2 mw — ge Samm minrruM Sze OF weil Sminy Qe 2loR Sait = Faw a providmy sfzeof weld Sa4qmm - 4 Wherefore, Phroat THicenecs te) So = 4 22gmm = | a N= TE - [Srep2: Pererming the length of werd : - i To ve sare. Ei POOR — T PS Permasible sveay Stress oe of otig SPS NON TMEKAKE Or FORTE? < ronment nag, 1 Ke 265-44 Hm — = Cer us Frew tense at ~ 3 Sfdes, FES [50 +2% Over\at e Vers SVasS- eg mm Overlap Jeng = SOF. G2em Scanned with CamScannerAS “Overlap \eng th FF 2s0mm Yren 5] Sor “weld mg ‘are provided — as Shown ta Figure wero > “Stor feng vr — 2S0M we - Jeng oe ae [ZsOR wr FesOmG FISOMME GY RSOF OTS + =a Zwse4 = ; TSI Fang eh ESTER Gor Jengph Overlap ergth = OMS, sm - 2 NE - Poway S10t SHY = Goma = ce Scanned with CamScanner*'T Diermtitent Letcting + _——____} eesslee ofweid Fa B Sehaer FREES 5 atone and 2 TaTAe OF PRE THYS provided when length OF Wad FequPred Ve Very leas Fran space Avariabe tox Weld = Ae eccenhFeanly woded Werded tonrectfon = > EccenPrcanny londect welded Comneciton Can” be cakegrsat— Fa Fonowmy “00 Yes |e Ze (CO Tead attmy Fn the Stat lar plane OF Weld { =* (wad aang" Tr The perperdrautar Eid oF welding = Figs Econ iy voy) Oacled wzided prcrs a ent pane ay _ ae - Wee EB teadactmy ™ Hee Setar pune Chy eg, ONG acing hHGE of weldny : Tatigtgel eof bas | Me — om Scanned with CamScanner| __ = — —> Plane OF wlelding > 2y => Plave oF bending ye" ¥ Toad acy Pa rre simelar plane oF weidi® = es OF | "i 5 7 oak = — —— Lo\um —— SS , - _- ~ wed, ee... [ ler P= load aching OF bratker plate 4 fe +t o Thiceress- OF bracket plate = te = Thrtiness OF Flange OF Column ; @= Vccenticit oF load 3 FEM CE OF jgeids | La | EccennX load “p” Can be tesoived TH awe leads? | WS) @renme oad P Ta —_=— ay Bendmg moren} Cpxe) i = eq Scanned with CamScannerFOr example, —— - = 4? — ; ao wt develop Pr weds = DUE FS Freee Youds, ey ice lypes” OF reactPon= pe CH Direc Shear Stress (Ta) —S TY Ps developed due +0 \CpncenhPc Youd P a: —S Tr acts fn parallel and Opposite dPrectfon of Pp” STFS uniform throyyhour tke Wed - —> ta = _P AS length oF wed TARE SS Throat Yriekress OF weld UW) Rorarronay Shear sreSl (Tiny Sry Fa Aevowped aue to wend mg momen + PRE: let “V be Phe cada ine Connecting CG. OF weids FO Guay poms tm wleid: = SS Tm XY S Ca? AH perpendaulaty yo the WHE Gnd ta Opposite Anecrer tomes F PKE Cle clockwise Or i Site = PRE Tan clockose) \ Tz oS “\nere Ig = polar moment OF imerttq Of Weld. avout OG Tes Tatiy — Len Str be phe vesuldant Shear SREP ORT and Col at aR point %n Weid- - Tr AfCa2t Tm™ +2 TA Tm (008 , K\nere OF angle WeRSeen Tq and Tm ; Scanned with CamScanner‘To he sage, Tr S Permissible Shar hss ec \tr planeseenSYZ —Pyent vied | FQ! Burt welded Canrection artes FUUg per Scanned with CamScannerEp THERESE OF bracker plaile A> dep OF wrackeF plate aF place of wade el P= load achygp On the bracket pare o - € > Eccenmeisy OF Toadmg C perpendratiay d@dance tam C6, OF Weld Fo Vine Of a OF Yoad > Now, ORE Reig S—> size oF W2iq- a t Throat Phoreeress of wed CES, j — A Vengye of Weta~ Nz POvisus Weld) = Write tba ciceara page TARR @NTg-—— Scanned with CamScanner“PF Rieted conneciton > concenhFcang 1oaced - ee €53: Concentricang cprans form shape ig ~—plorder : = p fray dameler OF i Qevey z X | _ Ferg: Kcenhicag leded G.4_Determ™me” xWver vale OF yiver gfven or shonin TH Hgure Below: Alco, derermme Tensile Stengim of connecivon: Consider HOmmal diaweter-ofswet (tam ancl Power deren vet: > River FS done th Warr Porion = = Tame Scanned with CamScannerGren, . 7S Nommal damefer of vivek Udnys iemm > pramerer PRORE a= Gn + Clearance LS ose, % = [Bection aon ‘ode: S. ~ AEerang FO Clause, a 3 OF TS PCOASR4 Tavle aa ie — Cearance=y “omm _ : . = VR4VS= i9-S mm : . _—— ra For poner arte FHEF acordmy TO Cause 29-4 oF 7 “re S00-1s9q (From table 8 i) ~< ~ PPpermirsibye aktal Fensilé sess Ctey= loo Nim _ - Sipermissiple Sheay Stress Sens = Joo Nimm promise bearing shear (apny= Zeon imme 1 5 | Stepiz > Peter MP The Shengrh of vivet( yvetvaiu + A Ree may Fart al ePrher oF ypensPon, shear OF [bearteg: . s po [4 Rew ae Bis {= r L 7 co) Rearing ‘Tensile SteavE Beary : . TH FHes CASE RET max FATT fH Shear or bearng - eS ke PET Va) = Cp Ne Md> 5 River Ot rere > Area Klnere, ‘ : P ——— “he = Numer oF Claar surface In g veved Scanned with CamScanner—_——— ~ — are Foreg tris case, 8M nnected by Rivet eee planes Comecied L vey. vive} — th > 2 eee je 7 Temi Ie] =™InoF (ty sta) Wes4e00 JS Nee Four plates Connected oy Prey Se L J oe = rmin. OF fie rte) and eT > : =min Se ee Hoe temh op fetta soto] 5 ised ~ wpenteen thetao_ Via ap ROE TE? o ~ - - gs ~ ae x = {00x 4 x KISS = 29864.46N = 29-865 EN z ‘ | ~ EGET LTA O PTE SE" Gs Salter Summaron OF weer OF ar SUbyected ' Ao force Pn stmfiay Afrectfon- 1 Naw, I te lzmm (as 124 14mm) 7 $05 - Bearing Swenghh OF viver vp) = Ope xX ARE = =. BOOK 19-5. 412 = FO200N = F0.2EN J R&ef- value or Strogtt OF a Yet (Rv) =29- eecen 7 = 5 [AS E5 BEF < HOE END a cee sae Scanned with CamScannerwt Steps Determining shrengin OF Connectton Be Feel Connector “When subsected 40° Fonte Ye force ty, fat ipa Be ° (1) Fatlure OF ay rivets “ Wr caring: oF Plares tong When Y subyecked Aorensten y = COCs Secht™may Aiea. varies Due to Fensile Force applied, Wish ‘plaker = z Fear From Cy Crest -techow Te From hoes vejiors . Fig: Teavmy of Les : - 3 PiaRe ee VW) Fature oF an weetee aC eeMRpaIosRescdiaT ecto ios ra — ive r= 4¥R > = \ = AXBGRES =NTS-46 RW i Qy (Tea OF plare Comig vanan_eabiecred Fopertiae y | | “ortega = OGhY ®Anepe Where, Oty = permeable Tensile these Anere Nek Cross-Secral Aven Where Fy Seon grant pte T~ £0, Force requred= O.6Fy KAver = OG Py R( bE nat) 20.077 (R60x12— ~4x19.S a) hare P= MO: ape B24%EC0N_ A area - = 324.6eN mrjace de 4 Scanned with CamScannera a oe SAionye jake Saiemnue | [a Strength o£ Connection = = 9-46 EN > Always taken Sailer vate a Re oe eee a a J ot ae Strength and e eretcrenay Niven Connec tor waving Ag pperernk a G eT AS Shown Ih Figure below: Consider nommal Gamer | — OF WEF Vem and hand “datven viver- — Stam COD yo 48 F040 trey — a Rae OO 4 > Som F Step i: Giveo: Nommal arameter of Vive F (dn) =lémm k Divumeter oF holes Caseiral damn ot eden Taree e ; oy Ol - Saexues 7 YtVER (@peding Cleamnce ES “ee Osa = i Ver (d=dnx Clewance SIT Ge é Taewee | SGage dame = lemmtismm ml co Ox | as = ARs | i Now st a)s see ee | For Wand dyiven Wet FS pich d@tance (Pads Partitel to | From 2.d OF 1S Poor i54 orcas = | VS See > Gauge damn tay Ws pe tedaute = Pec Gsle axial FensPle to force She ss Cetg) = SON mm “{ = Perma@ctole Shear Srress (hp) = gon Tm F + permitsvhle veawmy Stress. (eps )= ASONInM™ —F rep27 Derermmmy cpengh OF avivey (Reervawey | “Rive t value (Ru) = minimum “oF (shear Sheng ofa rivet < | sy ~ : - é bearmg gregh OF rivet) Te > a 19242255 N = Qon xT 19.242" Scanned with CamScannerpige Naw, ——“geavag srength OF QrtverlUp) = pF xaxe _— <= = a 3 . = BSOK VES KS ~ _ = = SSOCON - -= S5en —~ a eT Rivet value ovgsrrengrn of a Vivek (Rv) = 19-242EN ——“‘HEPS! DePerMInMY the Streng re oT eanrechion, - — Connector may Gary by Foams Reh OOS . : ®. BY Fatiure of at) yivers: = + Force vequred for Fatwure of ay ret = VoKRy = LOKIG24D = 192 G2 x ao ey rentay oF rere = ea Tear a0 F Gmay FICE plnke ~ —— > Tt year yg me OCCUYS AHreUFH AO Humber Mek; —— vequmed = For Tearmg pFaivure oF rivet = O.6Fy Aner + OK RY gare Fe TG wo sprivet right Wand Ae Of 10 no. rive lh = 0.6 x 250K ( bt nevEY ET SESORTO Fz 1S0(260x@ —LRVESKE) N= Her OF bales 1 = Je ourmss SUT acs ° = 291000N st “a = 251KN Same Ge aan j2) | STE tearm Occurs Prous 8,9 Number Rive F 7 Force required = O.6Fy Anet + Failure OF MEF [hye zoo 7 =O: erasox (BE PAE) F ake Te Hrfe —— + BA reser) ~ © F OFGKBOR (2EOKG=BRVESHA) + (K192 42 wei Paaaoh Lf Scanned with CamScanner~~ s as924qan 8G GEN - — — a. 7 _ ee Oger gh sere Uy Seen) au Fy Aned + Fohiur of river “6 X250% (bt=ndt) + 3xRy CHES] 1SO0XK (260x8- BK exe) FI TI2G2 = o6726N - = BO6+426 ¥N => Tf Feary Occers Yhvough 22,574 - sees CHE Bron} “Ere vequired = Oe ky Aret FFallwre COL vivey = - CaS = OG R20 KULEHHAE) FBX 19242 [H2GT “VSO RC2EOKR— 4KANFSKR) HG KG2GD = 343452 = S43-4S2 EN 2 Tear OE aa wm ADICE Plake rE Feary octirs Hey h 42,3, a To. vive F Then, S Te Forte vrequred = 0-6FF Anek oF Fanure of ver SoS Ge nzsOKLbt—Ndt) + O*RY La = 150x (26ox2-4 x45K\2) [9-4] = 342000 = = S42en ~ Grice, S4LEN WS The Force required Fn the A,2,3/4 00: OF VET. We needn'F TO Fmd he Values OF Force Pm 56:4, 8,5, ang. 10 number yivet as the vesuiy OF force requred Wil - Ome Gee Phan 342N as He presence. OF yivet tn Huse Fes pective wo Of vivek 8S less tre Bp 2and Aso, Force vequred be greater than 42,3, 4 novof rive aN A "Wr Scanned with CamScanner=, EF ERIN OY OF Cnne CHON= Strength OF Conrechitn "x Tea— oO: OCFY RbE ~ ~ ze = a Xx\e0 ~ = _ = : OG KO X260KS — — - = 6)-643 7 —— =o ice E ~ “Q.9 Des a vevered Connection For doubie cover butt fomy — af rieeness Of maim plate Aomm: and HIeeness OF Gier S Plate fmm: The witith OF Plares Are 2oomm and math Pals are Subjected. +o ent®ie Forte 6F 350 EN => goin? : aa over plate : Here, Srepi:s Ce pepe ioe ee eT Teosle force _— x = rT x aide Si SS Pe ree Tso ep Oe ieee) | Nomvmat Game Fer | O92 16 Fl 34] comm OF RIVEY Cn) 2 CEG | oo |e Oo - Were, 4 I te . (TUvpd= loon i mm = >? wearing > Cope) = DOONT MR Syep2: Pekermining River value (Rv) ~ Rivet valud (Rv )= Minmum oF (eter strengih oF a4 Rosse] sue > vive ts bearmy Sheng OF cyvery Noo, snicay Strength OF a FPVEF (Ve) = Tvpansx d= 4 (nc=2J = \Oox2KTMK 19.5% _ 4 = 59429-530N = 59-429gen Bearmy strengrh OF arivet (vee Spe KAXE = Bok 19S K 10- —~- - . = S¢S0QN= SPSEN vet Value (Ry TSeSkH 7 Scanned with CamScannerSteps: Re berminnyy no. ot reyets and MnePr Armangemend SS Foy Axaniy loaded Connection No. OF Rivet vequred= Po Epes from Fiver contre N ondary apyiad Pam ayeat— joaded connection exe >For plaker FO be sate Pr Feartny > “PS Force: Fequived for Feavtng ‘peg 0.6F4 XAne+ pe ost OTe nat) Ag Vern loom — +=1omm - ‘ = * sso “We ANI re 7 Or; 350%10"N So. BRBSDR QoovIO=D RII: Sx 10) / O-€K250% -On— > 3c0K107N & A500001— 25250n- D&E (soem Or) KB 4 Go. of holes OH aFearmy Ve wouTe be TS ess Fran 4-45 = eaesemm, a Pe A 2 SKIS 45mm ej & 22mm “Gn Design 1 Fvered Connector FO Conneck plates havmy phecerer omm and lemm, throggn Yap Jormt COnider width of plates DSsomm ANd drametcr OF Yrvey 12mm andl plates are “subjected +e -tenstl@ force OF GooKN- * Scanned with CamScanner— —— ie ¥ Eccenhfeary loaded connection. In this +ype GF Connection loads dds Ct Cerhatn ———eccensey from C6 of ConnecHon Crivers) OF Conneciiba PS ~ Gubyected to behding momenrs = ~~ ~ > Ecten rca lf loaded_viveted. connection Can be catego- =-rvzed Tn Fovowing 700 Aypes: -—— Ch) Load aching” fn similar plane OF @vering - Wy Load acting ts the perpendianar plane of rvehng. Prane oF loadieg ey plane = Plane OF Riveting = XY Plane > a rg: Coad ackrg fn Sirflay Plane OF Revehay \ Zon" r“ C 7 —t ir : ir of I 4 oo eh [opsseeror - | meee | gy Vv Plane of leadeyoyc ee Plane of Rivergexy — VW Hy "Fp: load acrmg m Fhe perperdauar plane L-are ° ef Biverma Scanned with CamScannerw load ackng Tn he similar Prine Of Rivets: = or t Lorca Pape ma , — T — Ue¥ na humber oF Rivers - dnt Nommal arameter 6 € Ti River CPE TFeny Einav dameter of ttm eivey ; Ye = Rada y AGRE Srom CG OF VIverE OG XN ; OF TA Wiver Eccenn¥e load © Can be Yesowed eH aS wo Toads OG) Wncemmee load PF? Aching Fisough Phe CG OF vivere and berg pare vtel oO Steen Re NoaA 5 = —=—- FT Wy Randtyg mameny pKe- —__ (26 — SS : DUE to These wwe Toads, Two TYPE! OF VEACHON Forces aT TClevelop © Per: 8p Srreck Sra tere Gay Wary —> It Ts Aeveiopea que 40 Ceacen ee Voad STF aR ag Fe pareve and Gppeitte Atreckon OFF we Scanned with CamScanner_s a= LP xdt? —F TF dtameler of rivets are dteterent SIP diameter oF rivers are Simijar Torat number of Rivets eck sheay force is Applied - ied — Tr ig Sma, Smay FD 77 72 > APP ~~ Sstoncen We loach 5 Iver dive Shear force ~ = — Rotatfonal Shear Force (Vr) Berdery moment gives Yor hmat SEF FS devetoped” due to Werdang moment (PRED SIF acs perperdiaulariy TO the radial Wne Vee —S Vanes PRE de Ka PTF dameter of vives a TEMPE Se ave di¢ferent WVmes Pxe. y vp > TF diameter of rivets ave sae ‘etre iay ae ee } uf - = a ry 7 Mey Vine - = Boo KFS KO ee - sas en = 1oox 2x WK AES = D40S2 FF Scanned with CamScannerpupever value (Rva)=-24q,0SkN — For @ivet & : wan = Shear SHG OF Fi Jae Nommal Aameter( dng) = lem Ema TOR viver (dg) = 18 F1-5= 195 SVe Sa tvpe ns KTM dg™ [ps = 43 ~ _ a : — S_VOO KAR FRAQS> = 29.764 "EN t NaS, =e = = T Bearing Strengrh oF 4 vwer prs Spe KGa xt ; l - — Boo KASS KIO - = ee Was e = SecEN : ~ ‘ [eters (ocienf TT RWEF value CRvg y= 29-864 EN hepa. petermmma Yesultan}veattPon fortes On River oT + ler CRA) —T = = z = Aya, Pata Fag te PA g ky FASS = AY FRet Aa tay tAs | =e he = Agedg 2dG = ABE Ta 5mm 24 os2embAe = de® = TKS S E298. Scanned with CamScannerSpa Rg tanga Aa a AS PAS ; Art Az FAs tag tas How, Xx OFOFO+ Ay X00 F100KAS 4 840.928 298.644 + 2IMCTH POIF CUFF MOST > 29-64 FXKIOO FIOOK 240 °S29 YSFS-39F 2X = 3B9NS6 = A5NSemm “Aga, Y= 24052? K12OF292-64F XGOLOFOP bos 120% 240-522 NS 46-99 4 7 — SYS S4 ms SSsmm - - - os Now, =F <= yp cia Calarlarmy eccen eit] OF Toaping . Scanned with CamScannerThen, 7 She ore Fh tgure,_h pre the figure, Kabeo > — Ab = (00+40FtO- XK, = 220-39NSE mM = 180.94 men bd = + GOTEStHO YF = = Teen ss = tose | > de=z be-bd” = 7 = B12 22G= [Oe S208 224m ™h Now, = ON : rem Rigrr avaied PKetec S Prisons DP oF =e = 104. 2mm tenet: @)2 (04.N2m kecen cite” ¢ 4cliaom Scanned with CamScannerThes : = Sats AEA pds dg a AS ~ ~ LTE ST ENGST E 9S HT Fa = VES 3.25 mm 7 ~ Noo - Var= PO x dié ~ =a = —~ = 120 "10°. «x Te6= — TISs: 25 | = 20961-0F = 20.961KN — Vai > Vas = 20.9E; EN ' a, : de Py ae Sar wet = \20x10* XK 19-5" Ussas 2 6-025KN - 7. Veaetvdg = Vdg = 26.025 EN SS Rotabreal Suzar re (Vas D z ; ae Voi = PRE x dt?Xyr Ae e) T éo. = tdi*xvi2) - t — . yy: : AX WEN RSS oye — fa = =: A YosN x (ee-¥) = 39.4%4mm | i Ya = N X45" = Sas > — vs SESIGm™m fe mm = NJ Cee LyP LS SD ora ¥5~ \f (ooo sc = 85-0340 Scanned with CamScannerSCAR?) = Sia eral gt a datrgtedtin® _— 7 ~* = \4-s"x 358085 VSR 25.GF4 THINGS KOT se VO-S* R202} [aS K ROOTG™ © = 30449 03-345mm4 Now, aE Nim = 120%104.102 14-6 Hr ee3 GO44 902.695 ms = 31-593 EN i Neng Del 2O ROG NZ SORA ASG FOAg{08SII- = To. E2064 EN Ving 2 120 ROG NE ETS ROHS OF 4904-439 = = SS-3q2EN ry = \20K04-N2 K19-T ¥ 82.02 > Jorg gos 39. 3S Ls ae ~936 EN VEO ROG NE KV ES™KBD-OBG ra ae Bo +4 902-339 = 34-538 EN ~ Tp He. 4 Rivet, > B+ Gyr+so™ 4 éc°= 120° —— - Sa “oO fant ( eer B42ue "1 ne ea Too-% Tearaise 4 Scanned with CamScanner~~ qeieovstsO” leo tgane™ - — (Nagatne Valet Reged) — PET] Crasy = mas Fa) EE Sea reese Scanned with CamScanner“TRO GOT IO FEATS - > ar = Very = NI VA Fvm = +2 Vd, Vin £050) = \feesere 3: Naar at y . — = Ate Ooe eH} =A Wan vent faves Ving 02 = 7 Bak eo os Vea 2 Nl vaz ret teva vm 2 tT 26a 20° CEES ‘ — YS 10-59 EN) “ees hg,| - = Ty vengebavels Ving COSOg =\] 264 faerrciod Vira > \\vea EVenget eds Vie iz O25 35.34, ed = = estes (as49 Aa tAvmg? teva vq (0504 = \Jage2s*eyr- a3 326 He (= So Be 9 Ker ar) = BALK Nas Vingtt 2Vdsvng Cosés = Zeger sa seta TEIN HSH SET EELS > Zeasen SFEPTO Check For cater: > For BWSR) VHS = 24.05 uN Ue] 7 & Vra & RF 29.964 ert Carey = FE) Vy S Rvs 2 19. 9Sq, EN CORSA FED Scanned with CamScanner“FOr Rive tS) Vre, 4 Rvy = OgREGkN (unsafed FOr (B) Wa 4 Rvs = 2405kN Cunsate? : : : — ~ Then, : = or Rivera) COBEN S24-OS5EN, C FET, SF @ : gen & 29.864 EN Gate) me BD 85 KH Z 2S aq KIL Ursa ke) 69-59 2 29-964 (uUnsafey eH ven 46-55"z .24.05EN Cunsage) We 2 . Qax Design an eccenmrcangy loaded” riveted Conre Cian Fo Connect y bracket plate Of thitkress |2mm with Flange OF Column TISHB 266: Bracker flake Ps Subsectect verhP cal, PAR Fs Tost OF BORN Achy at Voom \ om Fnner Pace a ern aue fo Supported becimn. Tite i yet => saw Scanned with CamScanner_—— grepi: Griven ¢ For column Tsy#@ 200 -— Tipe Sass Ae Fromyssoe , Eps gam Z = —— > te a a Rive k value CF) Rye min of [Shear Shrengeh SE are and benny sfrengih OF aRivet ] > Sheaw Ghreng of aRivet = Tupxnsk Rd = - 7 P rr Ns =. Tot Ft lOOKAKTTRNGS = = Ss = 29864 FES = TI-BEGEN . > keane Strengyh OF 4viver = Spex dxet = = BD0% 19-5NI — = 52.6skN wo Scanned with CamScannerRive} Value (Rud= 29-864 EN, Step2: Petermmtng Number and Awangerest of Re ——~ For eccentrfeaiy \aded Connecton, Number of rivet Can be , Ssmated bY z NeorRers rH \s - ~ . E Where, Pa load Actmg On Conrechan €= eccentacity. OF Conne ciidn = s004100= 200mm Ry = RiveF taiue = 29-F6q EN eM Number Of verheal_ vous og gruefad - Par Spacing between RMETS TH verheal OH Assume; Gomm edge Aatander Sante Sod S Sdnzs xiao > Co Fs no tired anh he Numbers OF River are Aopen “Then, . - No. OF RIVERS Dy) [€x120x107K 200 “YO 2X S50K Se ecg ne? = (035 S12 — Steps: Chec OY Sakyey Yo be safe esa, t —_ eo KN Ure 2 PATIO mn, \ LL re Ry? Bitch AS ree) | FE oe a Rvi=29.964 KN 5 as) 2200m— | ~ F aor ; ? 5 a Ver = \PVar vin F ~ i pla be — F Then : ao Formate, - “ ee ee Vai XI, ptvech Zhear Forte Wat) =p SS Seo mn ae dy —— ae SS Ft . Scanned with CamScannerao. KAT eSTE Ait toad veatea < VS Same — Viz =Vt=ViorV Gor Dorgorgs)y> Ver = 222.86 mm = Yio o NP 607 Fas= IS mm ~ — B=Vy = \] 60*+00FG5) = = 144mm NO, os ST eH Se SFE GE EGET SG TEREST F ES FOES) = 2326 691-43 HM : — = —— TS petite Free Came 40 that Veri -P¥e KV ver UP VAS For from Cay =n we Here 46,4 dnd 12 10. River For Vvers = 120% 200 K 23286 22669 1-48 “Vm, = VF SOE KH From aprg0r4, OHSS FFE WO" or, 8: S0-8R Then, pe 34-331 se, B= 9019.35, = FOS —_— Scanned with CamScanner~~ v Resutennt force Wry) = \ Prva ven? +2 ud vm coro, ~ ~ a fot VE106> 42K OXI FNOEYIES ~Vyg = 2) SEEN — | Te be kate, So See oe Vey ey 5 a | 21.92EN 2 2d.8G EN = —__ Herts, sage. —_ l Assignment: ; - . oS (LD Determine maximum — Voad Camytng capacity OF eter meaiy— Voaded ¥Tve ted tonne CHOW az shown Te Fare bein f Some) i Pa ~~ zh Ss I Atameter OF Rivetztiom eo 2 Oo} ] Note : similar as proper ac | | oO Check or sat tey wr 40 oO oO - { | P 4s Varabtle and | letermme p trom to Scanned with CamScanner“ rare tenstie Force Carrying capacity OF plate Thaw Fhectene ss lamm and holes of Ciameter aiemm arranged as shen | fn Figure below: ~ —~ a 5 a — _ Here, - ——__——— | enstle force careyteg Capacity = Permiscible tensile chese— __ “X Aner 7 __ Kitovding Fo TS S00: 1954 pia sre Permitscble Fenstle Stress (aay) = O6Fy~ [Fyseioninn’l | = 0-6 250 Nimm* = isonimw eo Anes = NeF Cross-secttonal Area 1 Aen res = Agroce = Deductien For heves [3 & 5, -— 7 i ~ Xnev Aare 7 Nove! Aner rs determmed Ly Foiiowmgy method a OW) tH Fature Occurs Pa Straight tine } _— Arey = Agrose-ndt lao ~~ _— HENO.CF holes Ta Faire ine So C= Thiteress OF plates | —— “A= Avameter OF eles _- UOTE Fare octare ' Zig-tay pattern _~ Aner= Agress — DICER Pa Xe 3a Joke themes oF Plate a Where, =a 48a We We oF meted HE NO. OF holes Pr Faiiure Wire “Pa = paranetdaimece te | a Az daureter Of bees “ence Cmeimad) jawecre send, Scanned with CamScannerTE Fatiure occurs J2)3— Anet = Agrose —hdt bxt—ndt EBook = SKIERS 1e2émr> re en TT Save CE OY TT Anet = Agrose — PAL $x PAZ Xt meng Dae “at ~Aneb = 200812 = = BXt SSKAKEF 4K Pa? xt B KIER aE ga = TS BOSH IT = SHAS HAF SE K_SO™ KZ re — Sao wm THenee, Minium Aney = 1626mm> Toa essen eel 7, Venatie Force Camry hy Capacity = 0 EKFY KAney = O6X20% 1626 248 5EN 2 /determine Tens?le Force carry 9g Capacity OF Truce momvbe as Shown im Figure wel, " Dio oneor? Sm drameter OF Toler szrsmr Scanned with CamScannerJenste Perce cavryiw § Capacity = 0.6 Fy XAney ‘ Note: For Angi@ gechon Aned Ps “determmed as “Per CV 4-2 OF Ts g00-188q. — For s91e Angiz, -- — _ _ Aner = Ar+k AS Ale Net Cross -Sectenal araof Kz BA ~~ Connected \eg ~ RAFAL Az = Grees ~Crase-tecrrenal of _ ou Felardong leg loo - 7 << a _ Lie = mc 4 . [poatomnected teg a pdverage renga - tee: he Az= (90-5) Xie - ic = SSK 16 23 Some poe-5) Woo-5) . Ay = Agross — deduction For holes ‘4 a Yo-tey = Qoo-s.) Xlo= 950mm aLone es —-d X10— = 950~ 215 19 = 43S mn e Now, Ke 3Ay vo Aners Aye KA2 SAAD = 43s} 0-699%450 = 3x35 = 06635 = 1339-05m" : BRIISFISO Lt, Tenstie Force eryng cap G cig = = aby Rist = Fox 1495 oS =209-3EKN ~ sooner, Scanned with CamScannerchapkr: Desegn oF Axfany \oaded tompresston member —> Remaining _ _ pS Omprescton member = | coer [ Strut UTruss member J rere ~ ComprsstTon, Benny, = = compressfon i — ic ia) = = Axfang loaded — = “EtcennreaTig toate 7 (Com press fon) Compress ton 4 Bending J g / a a tenstle member having length 23m; Subjected 40 aT fenevle Fore OF SCORN: Use ~ atuiole angle sectren Ww a same se of gusseF Plate (iy AF Oppostte ede OF guser pre uy And 200m" ava viveFs 40 Connect TH gascer plate of Twrckeese VIB > Sain: Scanned with CamScanner