Scribd
Upload
60 views7 pages

Humanities PDF

Mentuhotep reunified Egypt after a period of civil wars between 9th-11th Dynasty rulers left the country divided. He spent the first 20 years of his reign as Theban ruler fighting his way north, defeating rivals like the governor of Abydos. When the 10th Dynasty king of Herakleopolis died during Mentuhotep's campaign, he seized control of the city. Though nomarchs resisted centralized rule, Mentuhotep gradually asserted control over Upper and Lower Egypt. By his 39th year, he had unified the Two Lands and restored Egypt's strength, ending the First Intermediate Period.

Uploaded by

amal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
60 views7 pages

Humanities PDF

Mentuhotep reunified Egypt after a period of civil wars between 9th-11th Dynasty rulers left the country divided. He spent the first 20 years of his reign as Theban ruler fighting his way north, defeating rivals like the governor of Abydos. When the 10th Dynasty king of Herakleopolis died during Mentuhotep's campaign, he seized control of the city. Though nomarchs resisted centralized rule, Mentuhotep gradually asserted control over Upper and Lower Egypt. By his 39th year, he had unified the Two Lands and restored Egypt's strength, ending the First Intermediate Period.

Uploaded by

amal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

The Battle of Reunification

Between 2181 - 1782

-Who is ruling Egypt after the civil wars?


-What did Mentuhotep do.
-How did Egypt got reunified.
Ninth Dynasty was followed by a Tenth
Dynasty, and then neatly by an Eleventh
Dynasty. What actually happened was that
the Ninth and Tenth Dynasties and the
Eleventh Dynasty ruled simultaneously.
unruly sets of warlords were fighting each
other for the right to claim nominal control
of Egypt, while other provincial governors
went on doing as they pleased. An
inscription from one of these governors (or
nomarchs; the territories ruled by the
nomarchs were known as nomes) shows a
complete disregard for the royal
pretensions in Herakleopolis and Thebes.
So we find Intef I, the Theban pretender, calling
himself “King of Upper and Lower Egypt” . it put
him firmly into the tradition of Upper Egyptian
pharaohs who had managed to bring the rebellious
north back under control. Intef’s soldiers fought,
more than once, with troops from Herakleopolis, in
a re-creation of those old battles between north
and south. Meanwhile, rival nomarchs clashed,
Western Semites wandered into the Delta, and
Egypt’s great past receded a little further. Halfway
through the Eleventh Dynasty, Mentuhotep I came
to the throne of Thebes.
Mentuhotep, who was named after the Theban god of war,
spent the first twenty years of his reign fighting his way
north into Lower Egypt. Unlike Narmer and Khasekhemwy
before him, he had to campaign not only against the
soldiers of the northern king, but also against the nomarchs
in his way. One of his first great victories was against the
governor of Abydos. Just before Mentuhotep reached
Herakleopolis, the Tenth Dynasty king who reigned there
died. The scramble for succession threw the defense of the
city into disorder, and Mentuhotep marched into it with
ease.
Now Mentuhotep held both Thebes and Herakleopolis, but
Egypt was far from united. The nomarchs were not keen to
give up their long-held powers; battles with the provinces
continued for years.
By the thirty-ninth year of his reign, Mentuhotep
was finally able to alter the writing of his name. His
new Horus-name was, “Uniter of the Two Lands.”
His spin was successful. Not long afterwards, his
name begins to appear in inscriptions next to that of
Narmer himself. He is praised as a second Narmer.

MENTUHOTEP’S REIGN was the end of the First


Intermediate Period and the beginning of Egypt’s
next period of strength, the Middle Kingdom. He
ruled, according to Manetho, for fifty years.

BOTOM HALF STAUTE OF MENTUHOTEP


Amenemhet I is the first king of Dynasty
Twelve. Amenemhet immediately put himself
into the line of great unifiers by building
himself a brand-new capital city, just as
Narmer had, to celebrate his hold over the
country. He called this new city, twenty miles
south of Memphis, “Seizer of the Two Lands”
(“Itj-taway”). It would serve him as his own
balancing point between north and south.
Amenemhet With the help of his son Senusret,
he led an expedition against the “sand dwellers”
who had infiltrated the Delta. He also built a
fortress east of the Delta to keep other invaders
out and named it,
Walls-of-the-Ruler. Near the end of his reign,
Amenemhet was powerful enough to build
himself a pyramid near his new city of Itj-taway.
The pharaoh’s might was on the upswing once
more.
Then Amenemhet was murdered. SENUSRET I
WROTE the story of his father’s assassination
shortly afterwards and gained the throne of a
once mor powerful Egypt..

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy