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Respiratory System

The respiratory system consists of organs and structures used for gas exchange. In land animals, respiration occurs through millions of alveoli in the lungs. The document defines several parts of the respiratory system including the nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and others. Each part has a specific function in the passage and exchange of gases.

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Mark Andrew Cabale
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74 views7 pages

Respiratory System

The respiratory system consists of organs and structures used for gas exchange. In land animals, respiration occurs through millions of alveoli in the lungs. The document defines several parts of the respiratory system including the nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and others. Each part has a specific function in the passage and exchange of gases.

Uploaded by

Mark Andrew Cabale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Respiratory System

The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and


structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. In land animals the
respiratory surface is internalized as linings of the lungs. Gas exchange in the
lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs, or alveoli.
SINUS
A sinus is an air-filled cavity in a dense portion of a skull bone. The frontal
sinuses are located behind the forehead, while the maxillary sinuses lie behind
th e cheeks.

BRONCHI
The human body contains a large number of air sacs, or hollow tubes, called
bronchi, which are located in the middle of the chest.
NASAL CAVITY
The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system. It provides
the nasal passage for inhaled air from the nostrils to the nasopharynx. The
nasal septum divides the nasal cavity into two cavities, also known as fossae.
Each cavity is a continuation of one of the two nostrils.

ORAL CAVITY
The mouth is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and
produces saliva. In humans, the mouth plays a significant role in
communication. The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium lining
the inside of the mouth. It consists of two regions, the vestibule and the oral
cavity proper.
PHARYNX
The pharynx is the part of the throat that carries food and air to the esophagus
and larynx. It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its structure
varies across species. In humans, two sets of muscles determine the shape of
the pharyngeal lumen.

TRACHEA
The trachea is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of
the lungs. It allows the passage of air and is present in almost all animals with
lungs. Tracheas can be affected by inflammation or infection, which can cause
obstruction.
CRICOID CARTILAGE
The cricoid cartilage is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea.
It forms the back part of the voice box and functions as an attachment site for
muscles, cartilages, and ligaments involved in opening and closing the airway.

BROCHUS
A bronchus is a passage or airway in the lower respiratory tract that conducts
air into the lungs. No gas exchange takes place in the bronchi. The bronchi,
when too narrow to be supported by cartilage.
CARDIAC NOTCH
The right margin of the esophagus is continuous with the lesser curvature of
the stomach, known as the cardiac notch (or cardial notch). The left margin
joins the greater curvature at an acute angle, termed the cardiac nostal edge.

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