Hyperbola

Nishant Vora
B.Tech - IIT Patna
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Conic Section
Conic Section
Definition of any conics
Locus of point which is moving in a plane such that ratio of its distance
from a fixed point (focus) and fixed line (directrix) is always constant
General Equation of
2nd Degree Curve
General Equation of 2nd degree curve

Pair of SL

Hyperbola
Circle Parabola Ellipse

h2 > ab
h=0 h2 = ab h2 < ab
e>1
a=b e=1 e<1
Standard Equation
Standard Equation of Hyperbola
Tracing of Hyperbola
Tracing of Conjugate Hyperbola
Kundli of Hyperbola

Hyperbola Conjugate Hyperbola

Standard Equation

Centre

Length of Transverse
axis

Length of Conjugate axis

Vertexes

Foci

Eqn of Directrix
Kundli of Hyperbola
Hyperbola Conjugate Hyperbola

Relation between a, b
and e

Length of Latus
rectum(LR)

Parametric Coordinates

Auxiliary Circle

|PS - PS’| =
Properties of Hyperbola and its
conjugate

1. The foci of a hyperbola and its

conjugate are concyclic and form the
vertices of a square.

1. If e1 & e2 are the eccentricities of the

hyperbola & its conjugate then
e1-2 + e2-2 = 1.
Focal Length
Focal Length
Focal Length: Length of any point on Hyperbola from focus
Alternate Definition of Hyperbola
|PS - PS’| = 2a
A hyperbola passes through the foci of the ellipse x2/25 + y2/16 = 1 and
its transverse and conjugate axes coincide with major and minor axes
of the ellipse, respectively. If the product of their eccentricities is one,
then the equation of the hyperbola is
JEE Main 2021
A. x2/9 - y2/4 = 1

B. x2/9 - y2/16 = 1

C. x2 - y2 = 9

D. x2/9 - y2/25 = 1
A hyperbola having the transverse axis of length √2 has the same foci
as that of the ellipse 3x2 + 4y2 = 12, then this hyperbol does not pass
through which of the following points ?

JEE Main 2020

A.

B.

C.

D.
Rectangular Hyperbola
Rectangular Hyperbola :
Shifted Hyperbola
The equation 16x2 - 3y2 - 32x + 12y - 44 = 0 represents a hyperbola

A. the length of whose transverse axis is 2√3

B. The length of whose conjugate axis is 8.

C. Whose centre is (1,2)

D. Whose eccentricity is √19 / 3

Position of Point w.r.t.
Hyperbola
Position of Point w.r.t Hyperbola :
Find the position of the point (5, -4) relative to the hyperbola
9x2 - y2 = 1.
Line w.r.t Hyperbola
Line w.r.t Hyperbola :
Condition of Tangency
Equation of Tangent
Equation of Tangent :

Point Form T=0

Parametric Form

Slope Form
Equation of Normal
Equation of Normal:
Point Form

Parametric Form

Slope Form
Consider a hyperbola H : x2 - 2y2 = 4. Let the tangent at a point P(4, √6)
meet the x-axis at Q and latus rectum at R (x1, y1) , x1 > 0. If F is a focus
of H which is near to the point P, then the area of ΔQFR is equal to

JEE Main 2021

A. 4√6

B. √6 - 1

C. 7/√6 - 2

D. 4√6 - 1
If the focus of a hyperbola is (土3, 0) and the equation of a tangent is
2x + y - 4 = 0, then the equation of the hyperbola is

NTA Question
A. 4x2 - 5y2 = 20

B. 5x2 - 4y2 = 20

C. 4x2 - 5y2 = 1

D. 5x2 - 4y2 = 1
If a hyperbola passes through the point P(10, 16) and it has vertices at (
士6, 0), then the equation of the normal to it at P is :

JEE Main 2020

A. 3x + 4y = 94

B. 2x + 5y = 100

C. x + 2y = 42

D. x + 3y = 58
Common Tangent
Let a line L : 2x + y = k, k > 0 be a tangent to the hyperbola x2 - y2 = 3. If
L is also a tangent to the parabola y2 = αx, then α is equal to :

A. 12
JEE Main 2021
B. -12

C. 24

D. -24
Director Circle
Director Circle :
Locus of point of intersection of tangents which meet at right angle
Condition of real Director Circle :
Number of points from where perpendicular tangents to the curve x2/16 -
y2/25 = 1 can be drawn, is / are

NTA Question
A. 1

B. 2

C. 0

D. infinite
The equation of a hyperbola is x2/a2 - y2/b2 = 1. If P(√2, √5) is a point from
which perpendicular tangents can be drawn to the hyperbola and distance
between both the foci of the hyperbola is 10, then its eccentricity is

A. 3/2 NTA Question

B. 5/4

C. 16/9

D. 4/3
1. Pair of Tangents
2. Chord of Contact
3. Chord if midpoint is given
 valid for all conics
Three Important Equations

Pair of Tangents: T2 = SS1 P (x1, y1)

Chord of Contact : T=0
Chord if Midpoint is given: T = S1
The locus of the mid-point of the chords of the hyperbola
3x2 - 2y2 + 4x - 6y = 0, which are parallel to the line y = 2x + 4 is

NTA Question
A. 3x - 4y = 4

B. 4x - 4y = 3

C. 3y - 4x + 4 = 0

D. 3x - 4y = 2
The chords passing through (2,1) intersect the hyperbola x2/16 - y2/9 = 1 at
A and B. The locus of the point of intersection of tangents at A and B of the
hyperbola is NTA Question
A. x-y=1

B. x+y=3

C. 9x - 8y = 72

D. 9x + 8y = 7
Diameter of Hyperbola
Diameter of Hyperbola:
Diameter of a conic is the locus of middle points of a series of its
parallel chords.
Properties of
Hyperbola
Properties of Hyperbola :
The tangent & normal at any point of a hyperbola bisect the angle
between the focal radii.
Reflection Property :
Properties of Hyperbola :
Locus of the feet of the perpendicular drawn from focus of the
hyperbola x2/a2 - y2/b2 = 1 upon any tangent is its auxiliary circle i.e. x2
+ y2 = a2 & the product of the feet of these perpendiculars is b2.
Properties of Hyperbola :
The portion of the tangent between the point of contact & the directrix
subtends a right angle at the corresponding focus.
Asymptotes of
Hyperbola
Asymptotes of Hyperbola
Asymptote: Tangent at infinity
Properties of Asymptotes :
1. A hyperbola and its conjugate have the same asymptote.
2. The asymptotes pass through the centre of the hyperbola
3. Axes of Hyperbola bisects the angle between asymptotes

1. The angle between the asymptotes of

1. Hyperbola, pair of asymptotes and the conjugate hyperbola are

different only by constant term
Special Case
If b = a, then x2/a2 - y2/b2 = 1 reduces x2 - y2 = a2. The asymptotes of
rectangular hyperbola x2 - y2 = a2 are y = 土 x which are at right angles.
Properties of Asymptotes :
A simple method to find the coordinates of the centre of the
hyperbola is expressed as a general equation of degree 2.
i.e, let f(x, y) = 0 represents a hyperbola.

Find Then the point of intersection of

gives the centre of the hyperbola.

xy - 3y - 2x = 0
The asymptotes of a hyperbola having centre at the point (1,2) are
parallel to the lines 2x + 3y = 0 and 3x + 2y = 0. If the hyperbola passes
through the point (5, 3), show that its equation is (2x + 3y - 8)(3x + 2y + 7)
= 154.
Rectangular Hyperbola
xy=c2
Rectangular Hyperbola xy=c2 :
Kundli of Hyperbola xy=c2 :

Rectangular Hyperbola

Standard Equation xy = c2

Centre (0, 0)

Eqn of Transverse axis

Eqn of Conjugate axis

Equation of asymptotes

Vertexes

Foci

Eqn of Directrix
Kundli of Hyperbola xy=c2 :
Rectangular Hyperbola

Length of Transverse
axis

Length of Conjugate axis

Length of Latus
rectum(LR)

Parametric Coordinates

Auxiliary Circle

Director Circle
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