TD 101 Traffic Signalling Systems (Design) - Web
TD 101 Traffic Signalling Systems (Design) - Web
TD 101
Traffic signalling systems
(formerly TA 12/07, TA 16/07, TA 56/87, TA 82/99, TA 84/06, TD 07/07, TD 24/97, TD 35/06)
Revision 0
Summary
This document contains design requirements for traffic signalling systems.
Contents
Release notes 2
Foreword 3
Publishing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Contractual and legal considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Introduction 4
Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Assumptions made in the preparation of the document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Mutual Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Abbreviations 5
1. Scope 8
Aspects covered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Use of GG 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2. General requirements 9
Electrical work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Legislative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3. General design 10
Design brief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Site conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Control strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Reserve capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Design for maintenance and inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Traffic signal interaction with walkers, cyclists and horse-riders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Connection to public transport systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Remote monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Passive safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4. Normative References 13
5. Informative References 14
1
TD 101 Revision 0 Release notes
Release notes
Version Date Details of amendments
0 Jun 2019 TD 101 replaces TA 12/07, TA 16/07, TA 56/87, TA 82/99, TA 84/06, TD 07/07,
TD 24/97, TD 35/06. The full document has been re-written to make it
compliant with the new Highways England drafting rules.
2
TD 101 Revision 0 Foreword
Foreword
Publishing information
This document is published by Highways England.
This document supersedes TA 12/07, TA 16/07, TA 56/87, TA 82/99, TA 84/06, TD 07/07, TD 24/97, TD
35/06, which are withdrawn.
3
TD 101 Revision 0 Introduction
Introduction
Background
This document contains design requirements for traffic signalling installations.
Mutual Recognition
Where there is a requirement in this document for compliance with any part of a "British Standard" or
other technical specification, that requirement may be met by compliance with the Mutual Recognition
clause in GG 101 [Ref 3.N].
4
TD 101 Revision 0 Abbreviations
Abbreviations
Abbreviations
Abbreviation Definition
BS British Standard
BS EN British Standard European Norm
CDM Construction, Design and Management
IET The Institution of Engineering and Technology
TOPAS Traffic Open Products And Specifications
VMS Variable message signs
5
TD 101 Revision 0 Terms and definitions
Terms
Term Definition
Adjacent authorities Any organisation which has responsibility for the highway control and
management.
NOTE: Adjacent authorities can be either borough, county or city
governance. It can also include major transport infrastructure
locations which have a direct links to the highway such as airports,
ports, rail and freight.
A system used to control the installation.
NOTE 1: Control strategy includes isolated adaptive control,
co-ordinated control (such as Urban Traffic Control), cable-less linking
Control strategy
or fixed-time.
NOTE 2: An installation can be capable of operating more than one
type, depending on factors such as time of day or traffic conditions.
A file of basic information and certification for a scheme, produced
Design file during the design process to provide a record of the development of
the scheme, the decisions made and the safety considerations.
In-station equipment The computer hardware located within a control room.
Traffic signalling systems installed at motorway slip roads to regulate
Ramp metering
flow on to the major route depending on the current traffic conditions.
The practical reserve capacity (PRC) of a traffic signal junction.
NOTE 1: The practical reserve capacity which is positive indicates
that a junction has spare capacity and may be able to accept more
Reserve capacity
traffic.
NOTE 2: A PRC value is calculated by the commonly used traffic
signal modelling software.
Roadside equipment All on-street hardware to direct traffic and provide sequencing to the
road users.
Physical conditions of the proposed area of the schemes to be
Site conditions
considered as part of the design stage.
A type of computer programme that is designed to run a computer's
System software
hardware and application programmes.
Equipment used in connection with the signals (including the content
Traffic control equipment of all instructions stored in, or executable by, that equipment).
NOTE: Examples of associated equipment can include
communication devices.
The combination of traffic signalling equipment and/or traffic control
Traffic signalling systems
equipment, associated software, hardware and data.
A person with specialist skills, knowledge and experience for the
Traffic signalling engineer
design and commissioning of traffic signalling equipment.
All items of hardware installations which operate together and indicate
to users to proceed with safety at road traffic junctions against
Traffic signalling equipment
relevant diagrams of the Traffic Signs Regulations and General
Directions TSRGD SI2016 No.362 [Ref 7.N].
6
TD 101 Revision 0 Terms and definitions
Terms (continued)
Term Definition
Permanent traffic signalling equipment at prescribed locations as
defined in the Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions
TSRGD SI2016 No.362 [Ref 7.N] on all purpose trunk roads.
Traffic signalling installations
NOTE: Examples of locations include junctions, emergency vehicle
stations, level crossings, airports, tunnels, swing/movable bridges and
signalised crossings.
The user of the traffic signalling junction, the amount of protection
Vulnerable users required within the design and the capability of those users to be able
to use the traffic signalling elements.
7
TD 101 Revision 0 1. Scope
1. Scope
Aspects covered
1.1 This document outlines traffic signalling installation design requirements that shall be implemented on
all new or modified traffic signalling installations.
Implementation
1.2 This document shall be implemented forthwith on all schemes involving traffic signalling installations on
the Overseeing Organisations' motorway and all-purpose trunk roads according to the implementation
requirements of GG 101 [Ref 3.N].
Use of GG 101
1.3 The requirements contained in GG 101 [Ref 3.N] shall be followed in respect of activities covered by
this document.
8
TD 101 Revision 0 2. General requirements
2. General requirements
Electrical work
2.1 All electrical work must comply with 'The Electricity at Work Regulations [Ref 6.N].
2.2 All electrical work on traffic signalling systems shall comply with the Requirements for Electrical
Installations. IET Wiring Regulations BS 7671 [Ref 4.N].
Security
2.3 Security threats to traffic signalling systems shall be mitigated in accordance with the requirements of
Security of Network and Information Systems [Ref 5.N].
2.4 Where evident, security threats to traffic signalling systems shall be assessed, documented, mitigated
and managed.
NOTE Examples of security threats to traffic signalling systems can include compromised roadside
equipment, in-station equipment and system software.
2.5 Risk to the existing communications infrastructure by the introduction of new traffic signalling
equipment shall be avoided.
2.6 A metal theft risk assessment shall be undertaken at the design stage.
2.6.1 Where a metal theft risk assessment highlights a risk, corresponding measures should be put in place
to provide protection to the infrastructure against the risk of theft or damage.
Legislative
2.7 The design of the traffic signalling installation must meet the requirements of the Traffic Signs
Regulations and General Directions TSRGD SI2016 No.362 [Ref 7.N].
2.8 The design of the traffic signalling installation shall meet the requirements of the Traffic Signs Manual
TSM [Ref 2.N].
9
TD 101 Revision 0 3. General design
3. General design
Design brief
3.1 In order to identify and confirm the expected outcomes of the traffic signals installation(s), a
consultation with the Overseeing Organisation shall be arranged.
3.1.1 As part of the consultation, the overall objectives and benefits from carrying out the traffic signalling
installation should be defined.
NOTE Example objectives and benefits of a traffic signalling installation can include journey time reduction,
improved safety benefits, improved accessibility.
3.2 The extent of the brief for the traffic signalling installation(s) to be undertaken shall be approved with
the Overseeing Organisation and recorded.
3.2.1 A design file for the traffic signalling installation should be established with the Overseeing
Organisation.
NOTE The responsibilities for ownership of the design file are in line with Construction, Design and
Management (CDM) regulations S.I. 2015 No.15 [Ref 1.I] throughout the life-cycle of the scheme.
3.2.2 All aspects associated with the design and implementation process of traffic signalling installations
should be agreed with the Overseeing Organisation.
NOTE Agreeing the extent of the brief with the Overseeing Organisation ensures effective planning.
3.3 Consultation with the adjacent authorities to the traffic signalling installation(s) shall be carried out.
3.3.1 The consultation with the adjacent authorities to the traffic signalling installation should agree on the
following points:
1) The need for the scheme.
2) Impact on the users and the community.
3) Benefits on the users and the community.
4) Alternative options/solutions.
5) Programme timescales.
6) Temporary works, including diversions.
7) Expected outcomes.
8) Planning consent.
9) Any links to the wider strategy.
10) Environmental impact.
NOTE Consultation with the adjacent authorities to the traffic signalling installation can help to achieve design
and installation acceptance.
Site conditions
3.4 Site conditions shall be assessed prior to commencement of traffic signalling installation design and
recorded in the design file.
3.4.1 Site conditions may be assessed by desktop study (reviewing previous reports), video surveys, site
visit, ecological surveys, interview surveys, walking, cycling & horse-riding assessment and review,
traffic counts and speed surveys.
3.4.2 An assessment of the surrounding environment should be performed to ensure the sensitivity of the
landscape, heritage and local community are not detrimentally affected by the traffic signalling
installation design.
NOTE 1 An assessment of the surrounding environment can be achieved through a desktop study of the area
and a risk assessment.
10
TD 101 Revision 0 3. General design
NOTE 2 A video survey to review traffic and other user behaviours is an example of an assessment of the
surrounding environment.
3.4.3 The compatibility of traffic control equipment with existing traffic signalling installations that are being
modified should be determined.
NOTE Traffic control equipment can include bus priority systems, CCTV and variable message signs (VMS).
3.4.4 Modifications to existing traffic signalling installations, records of junction history, previous assessments
and any known issues should be reviewed.
Control strategy
3.5 The traffic signalling installation design shall define a control strategy.
3.5.1 To determine the optimal control strategy, location of the site, other existing signals, road speed and
junction type should be assessed by undertaking appropriate modelling.
3.5.2 Determination of the optimal control strategy may be discussed with the Overseeing Organisation.
3.5.3 The chosen control strategy should take into account the compatibility with existing traffic signalling
equipment in order to optimise functionality and performance.
3.6 The detection method shall be selected as part of the traffic signalling system design.
NOTE 1 The accessibility of the site and the chosen detection method can have an impact on the safety of the
maintenance operatives.
NOTE 2 Site conditions, such as adjacent vegetation growth, can impact on the chosen detection method.
NOTE 3 Detection methods can be below or above ground.
Reserve capacity
3.7 Overall junction reserve capacity shall be a contributing factor for the chosen control strategy at the
design stage to allow for future additional use.
3.7.1 The potential reserve capacity provided in the chosen control strategy should be based upon local
knowledge at the design stage.
NOTE Known and planned future developments and improvement schemes can impact on reserve capacity.
Equipment
3.9 Traffic signalling equipment shall be in accordance with the Traffic Open Products And Specifications
(TOPAS) requirements [Ref 8.N].
NOTE Traffic signal displays, road markings and variable message signs, in legal terms, are 'traffic signs' and
subject to the TSRGD SI2016 No.362 [Ref 7.N].
3.10 Traffic signalling equipment shall be selected to maintain performance, in accordance with equipment
specifications, throughout its life-cycle.
3.10.1 Maintenance schedules should be assessed to ensure the performance of the traffic signalling
equipment is suitable for the environment in which it is installed.
11
TD 101 Revision 0 3. General design
3.11 The components of the traffic signalling equipment shall be compatible with the traffic control
equipment for each installation.
3.11.1 For modifications to existing installations, new traffic signalling equipment should be compatible with
the existing installation.
Remote monitoring
3.16 All traffic signalling installations shall include a method of remote monitoring.
3.17 The traffic signalling installations shall enable the Overseeing Organisation to remotely monitor the
status of the installation.
3.18 The chosen method of remote monitoring the traffic signalling installation shall allow operational and
fault reporting to be achieved.
NOTE Operational and fault reporting of the traffic signalling installation can be achieved via mobile or fixed
communication connection.
Passive safety
3.19 The need for any passive safety elements within the traffic signalling installation, including any
electrical isolation system, shall be reviewed at the design stage.
3.19.1 The risk factor for passive safety elements, based on severity and likelihood, should take into account
the traffic signalling installation aspect arrangements and the wind speed for the area.
12
TD 101 Revision 0 4. Normative References
4. Normative References
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normative references for this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
13
TD 101 Revision 0 5. Informative References
5. Informative References
The following documents are informative references for this document and provide supporting
information.
Ref 1.I The National Archives. legislation.co.uk. S.I. 2015 No.15, 'HEALTH AND SAFETY -
The Construction Design and Management (CDM) Regulations 2015'
14
© Crown copyright 2019.
You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the
Open Government Licence. To view this licence:
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/,
write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU,
or email psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges
TD 101
England National Application Annex to TD 101
Traffic signalling systems
Revision 0
Summary
There are no specific requirements for Highways England supplementary or alternative to those
given in TD 101.
Contents
Release notes 2
1
TD 101 Revision 0 Release notes
Release notes
Version Date Details of amendments
0 Jun 2019 Highways England National Application Annex to TD 101.
2
© Crown copyright 2019.
You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the
Open Government Licence. To view this licence:
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/,
write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU,
or email psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges
TD 101
Northern Ireland National Application Annex to
TD 101 Traffic signalling systems
Revision 0
Summary
This National Application Annex contains the Department for Infrastructure Northern Ireland
specific requirements for the design of traffic signalling systems.
Contents
Release notes 2
Foreword 3
Publishing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Contractual and legal considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Introduction 4
Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Assumptions made in the preparation of the document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Abbreviations 5
1
TD 101 Revision 0 Release notes
Release notes
Version Date Details of amendments
0 Jun 2019 Department for Infrastructure Northern Ireland National Application Annex to
TD 101.
2
TD 101 Revision 0 Foreword
Foreword
Publishing information
This document is published by Highways England on behalf of Department for Infrastructure, Northern
Ireland.
This document supersedes TA 12/07, TA 16/07, TA 56/87, TA 82/99, TA 84/06, TD 07/07, TD 24/97, TD
35/06, which are withdrawn.
3
TD 101 Revision 0 Introduction
Introduction
Background
This National Application Annex contains the Department for Infrastructure, Northern Ireland specific
requirements related to traffic signalling system design.
4
TD 101 Revision 0 Abbreviations
Abbreviations
Abbreviations
Abbreviation Definition
TSRGD Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions
TSRNI Traffic Signs Regulations Northern Ireland
5
TD 101 Revision 0 NI/1. Traffic Signs Regulations Northern Ireland
6
TD 101 Revision 0 NI/2. Normative References
Ref 1.N Highways England. GG 101, 'Introduction to the Design Manual for Roads and
Bridges'
Ref 2.N The Stationery Office (TSO). Department for Infrastructure (DfI). TSRNI, 'The Traffic
Signs Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1997'
Ref 3.N The Stationery Office. TSRGD, 'The Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions
2016'
7
© Crown copyright 2019.
You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the
Open Government Licence. To view this licence:
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/,
write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU,
or email psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges
TD 101
Scotland National Application Annex to TD
101 Traffic signalling systems
Revision 0
Summary
There are no specific requirements for Transport Scotland supplementary or alternative to those
given in TD 101.
Contents
Release notes 2
1
TD 101 Revision 0 Release notes
Release notes
Version Date Details of amendments
0 Jun 2019 Transport Scotland National Application Annex for TD 101.
2
© Crown copyright 2019.
You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the
Open Government Licence. To view this licence:
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/,
write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU,
or email psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges
TD 101
Wales National Application Annex to TD 101
Traffic signalling systems
Revision 0
Summary
There are no specific requirements for Welsh Government supplementary or alternative to those
given in TD 101.
Contents
Release notes 2
1
TD 101 Revision 0 Release notes
Release notes
Version Date Details of amendments
0 Jun 2019 Welsh Government National Application Annex to TD 101.
2
© Crown copyright 2019.
You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the
Open Government Licence. To view this licence:
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/,
write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU,
or email psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.