PROGRAMS, TABLES & FIELDS

FOR TRANSACTIONS IN
SAP S/4HANA
INSIGHTS FOR FUNCTIONAL CONSULATANTS

KELECHI KELLY ADIELE

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SAP ABAP - Overview
ABAP stands for Advanced Business Application Programming,
a 4GL (4th generation) language. Currently it is positioned,
along with Java, as the main language for SAP application
server programming.

Let's start with the high level architecture of SAP system. The 3-
tier Client/Server architecture of a typical SAP system is
depicted as follows.

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 3-TIER CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECHTURE
• The Presentation layer consists of any input
device (SAP Fiori UX) that can be used to control
SAP system. This could be a web browser, a mobile
device and so on. All the central processing takes
place in Application server.
• The Application server is not just one system, but
it can be multiple instances of the processing
system.
• The server communicates with the Database
layer- SAP HANA Platform that is usually kept on a
separate server, mainly for performance reasons
and also for security. Communication happens
between each layer of the system, from the
Presentation layer to the Database and then back
up the chain.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sap_abap/sap_abap_tables.htm
 ABAP PROGRAMS
Note − ABAP programs run at the application server level. Technical distribution of
software is independent of its physical location. It means basically all three levels can
be installed on top of each other on one computer or each level can be installed on a
different computer or a server.

ABAP code exists in two forms −

• Source code that can be viewed and edited with the ABAP workbench tools.
• Generated code, which is a binary representation. If you are familiar with Java, this
generated code is somewhat comparable with Java byte code.

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 SAP ABAP TABLES & FIELDS
• Tables can be defined independent of the database in ABAP
Dictionary. When a table is activated in ABAP Dictionary, similar
copy of its fields is created in the database as well. The tables
defined in ABAP Dictionary are translated automatically into the
format that is compatible with the database because the definition
of the table depends on the database used by the SAP system.
• A table can contain one or more fields, each defined with its data
type and length. The large amount of data stored in a table is
distributed among the several fields defined in the table.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sap_abap/sap_abap_tables.htm adielekelechi739@yahoo.com/ WhatsApp+2347034813335

 What is the database table in ABAP?
• A database table is an object type in DDIC that can be defined
independently of a database in the ABAP dictionary, which stores the
actual data in the matrix form of rows and columns.
• The name of the custom table in DDIC must start with a letter z or y and
can have a maximum of 16 characters. The table name can consist of
any letter, number, or underscore.
• Each row of the table is called a record, and each column of the table is
called the field.
• The field of the table is the combination of the data elements and domain
and can be defined with their data type and length.
• When this table is activated in DDIC, the SAP system creates a physical copy
of its field in the database also. The table is automatically translated into
the format that is compatible with the actual database.
https://www.javatpoint.com/abap-database-tables#:~:text=A%20database%20table%20is%20an,a%20maximum%20of%2016%20characters.

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 Elements of Table Fields
A table consists of many fields, and each field contains many elements. The following table lists the
different elements of table fields −

1. Field name:
This is the name given to a field that can contain a maximum of 16 characters. The field name may be
composed of digits, letters, and underscores. It must begin with a letter.
2. Key flag
Determines whether or not a field belongs to a key field.
3. Field type
Assigns a data type to a field.
4. Field length
The number of characters that can be entered in a field.
5. Decimal places
Defines the number of digits permissible after the decimal point. This element is used only for numeric data
types.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sap_abap/sap_abap_tables.htm
HOW TO FIND A TABLE & FIELD FOR A T.CODE
Step 1: Close all windows

• Go to ST05 – Performance Trace >

• Click on ‘ Activate Trace’

The trace indicator is ‘switched on’.
Close the window.
• Run any Tcode e.g. AS03 > Select the Asset Number and Display the
Asset No : 80000.

• Re-login into ST05 – Performance Trace> Deactivate Trace & Click on

Display Trace. Confirm the date & Execute
• Go to search, enter the Asset No. 8000 > Click ok.

• The Table (Object) name: ‘ANLA’ is displayed. Double Click to get

more details about the fields.

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SE11: ABAP Dictionary
SE11 in SAP is the ABAP Dictionary. It is a tool used to define
and manage database objects like tables, data elements,
domains, and search helps. It is also responsible for managing
table maintenance generator (TMG) requests, which are used to
create data in database tables. It also allows users to analyze
tables, creating table checks and comparing table structures in
different clients.

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The ABAP Dictionary tool (transaction SE11) is used for editing and
processing ABAP Dictionary objects.

Objects belonging to the ABAP Dictionary include:

• Data types
• Data elements and domains
• Structures
• Table types
• Database tables
• Views
• Lock objects
• Search helps
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At the initial screen, you can put any tables or structures to view, edit
or even create a new one. Transaction code SE11 is normally used a
ABAP programmer.
 How to get a list of the Fields, Length and Check Table
for Tables in SAP- SE11
1. Go to SE11 > Enter Table Name> EKKO. Click Display . The ABAP
dictionary is opened.

Click Display Navigation window ( Date base obj & name)

S_PHO_48000138: FIND TABLE FIELDS FOR ABAP DICTIONARY

1. Go to

2. Enter Table Name : ‘EKKO’ and Execute

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3. The table details are displayed…

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 SE16T: Find Any Transaction Code: Access Search Functions
Use SE16T to find any T.code in SAP.
1. Go to

2. A Central Access for Search Functions screen opens up > In Find

Transactions Folder: Click on Execute Function ‘
3. Next in the search bar enter the search term, for example, Journal,
and press Enter key.
You can see the columns for Transaction Code, Text and Program.

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 SE16N- GENERAL TABLE DISPLAY
It is used in the SAP CO (Controlling) module.
SE16N is a transaction code used for General
Table Display in SAP. S
E16N is an Enjoy Transaction. Enjoy
Transaction is nothing, but having some
graphics and look is entirely different from the
standard transaction.
You can see technical names and descriptions
for fields. The results are displayed in the ALV
grid format.
 RUN SE16N_ The General Table
1. Go to > Click Enter > The General Table opens

2. Enter Table name : “ACDOCA” > Click Execute.

The Details of the table is displayed