ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION - BRAIN MAP

The sum to n terms of an A.P. with

A.P. first termaand common difference
The nth term a, of an
Sum of
General term a and common d is given by S, = n/212a + (n -1)d.
with first n-Terms of
Term of an difference d is given by n/2{a + l}, where
an A.P Also, S, =

A.P a a + (n - 1) d. last term =

a + (n 1)d
l
-

Let there be A.P. with first terma and common

an

terms in the A.P., then

difference d. If there are m

nth Term from nth term from the end (m n + 1)th term from the
= -

a + (m n) d.
beginning
-

End
Also, nth term from the end =
Last term +
(n -

1) (-d)
where 1 denotes the last term.
=
l - (n -1) d,

Properties
of A.P

ARITHMETIC
PROGRESSiON
A sequence a, a, a3, . . iS
called an arithmetic progression,
A Sequence a, a2, a3 a,y is an A.P, if and
if there exists a constant d such
that a2 - a = d, ag - a2 =d, only if its nth term a, is a linear expression in
the coefficient of is the
n and in such a case n

common difference
and so on.
The constant d is called the
common difference.

The numbers in an A.P. will remain in A.P.

any constant is added, subtracted, multipliea
or divided.

If the ratio of the sums of n

terms of
two A.P.'s is
given, then to find the A sequence is an A.P. if and
only if the su
ratio of their nth terms, we
replace
by (2n -1) in the ratio of the sums of
of its n terms is of the form An? + Bn, where
n terms. A B are constants. In such a case the common
difference is 2A.
 Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions

5.2 Arithmetic Progressions SAI (2 marks)

11. Find a and b so that the numbers a, 7, b, 23 are in A.P
MCQ (1mark)
Term I1, 2021-22)
Which of the following is not an A.P.?
1, 12. Show that (a - b)2, (a2 + b2) and (a + b)2 are in A.P
(a)-1.2, 0.8, 2.8,..
2020) U
(b) 3,3+2,3+2V2,3+3/2,..
4 7 9 12 5.3 nth Term of an A.P.
(C) 33'3 3
-3 MCQ (1 mark)
-1-2 (2020) (U
(d) **

13. The first term of an A.P. is p and the

common

difference is q, then its 10th term is

2. The value of x for which 2x, (x + 10) and (3x + 2) are 9q
(a) +9p (6) P
-

the three consecutive terms of an A.P, is (2020)

(c) p+9q (d) 2p+ 9q
(a) 6 (b) -6
(c) 18 (d) -18 (2020) 14. The next term of the A.P. vN7, V28, V63,...is

3 The first three terms of an A.P. respectively are

(a) 70 (b) 84 (c)97 (d) 112
3y-1,3y + 5 and 5y + 1. Then y equals (Foreign 2014)
(a)-3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 2
VSA (1 mark)
(Delhi 2014) Ap 15. How many two digit numbers are divisible by 3?
4 If k, 2k -

1 and 2k +1 are three consecutive terms of (NCERT, Delhi 2019) Ap

an A.P, the value of k is
16. In an A.P, if the common difference (d) -4, and =

(a) 2 (b) 3 c)-3 (d) 5 the seventh term (a,) is 4, then find the first term.
(AI 2014) E (2018)
5. The common difference of the AP. 17. What is the common difference of an A.P. in which
a21-a7 84? (Al 2017)
1-p1-2p
p P
IS
18. Find the 9th term from the end (towards the first
(b) -p (c)-1 (d) 1 term) of the A.P. 5, 9, 13, . 185. (Delhi 2016)
(a) p
(Delhi 2013)
19. Find the 25th term of the A.P. -5,-
6. The common difference of the A.P
1 1-6b 1-12b
(Foreign 2015) Ap
I S

2b 2b 2b SAL (2 marks)
(a) 2b (b)-2b ( c ) 3 (d)-3 20. For what value of 'n, are the nth terms of the A.Ps
(Delhi 2013) Ap 9,7,5,..and 15, 12, 9,...thesame? (Term ll, 2021-22)
7. The common difference of the A.P.
21. Which term ofthe A.P. -3,- is 4
1 1-64 1-12q *****
S
(Term ll, 2021-22)
3q 34 3q
(c)-2 (d) 2 22. Determine the A.P. whose third term is 5 and
(a) (b) -4 seventh term is 9. (Term II, 2021-22)
(Delhi 2013)
23. Which term of the A.P. 3, 15, 27, 39, .. will be 120
VSA (1 mark) more than its 21st term? (Delhi 2019) Ev
B. difference of
Write the common 2 4 . If the 17th term of an A.P. exceeds its 1othterm by 7,
(Al 2019) find the common difference. (Al 2019)
3, 12, 27, 48,.
9, 2k 1 and
For what value of k will k + 25. Find how many integers between 200 and 500 are
2k+ 7 are the consecutive terms of an A.P.? divisible by 8. (Delhi 2017)
(AI 2016)
consecutive terms 2k+ 1,
26. Which term of the progression 20,19
*For what value of kwill the (Foreign 2016) is the first negative term? (AI 2017) An
3k+ 3 and 5k 1 form an A.P?
27. The 4th term of an A.P. is zero. Prove that the 25th5.4 Sum of FirstnTerms of an A.p
term of the A.P. is three times its 11th term.
(AI 2016) C VSA (1 mark)

216. 44. Find the sum of the first 100 natural numbers,
28. Find the middle term of the A.P. 6,13,20, .
(Delhi 2015)
(2020)
29. Find the middle term of the A.P. SAL (2marks)
213,205,197, .37. (Delhi 2015) Cr) 45. Find the sum off1rst 20 terms of an AP in which ds
fifth
30. The fourth term of an A.P. is 11. The sum of the andaz0 135. (Term l1, 2021-22)(
and seventh terms of the A.P. is 34. Find its common

(Foreign 2015) 46. Find the sum of frst 20 terms of an A.P. whose nh
difference.
term is given as a, = 5-2n.
31. The fifth term of an A.P. is 20 and the sum of its (Term l1, 2021-22
seventh and eleventh terms is 64. Find the common 47. If S the sum of first n terms of an A.P is given bv
difference of the A.P. (Foreign 2015) (Ap S,=3n2-4n,f1nd the nth term. (Delhi 2019
32. The ninth term of an A.P. is -32 and the sum of 48. If S, the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is given by
its eleventh and thirteenth terms is -94. Find the S 2n2+n,then find its nth term.
common difference of the A.P. (Foreign 2015)
(AI 2019) Ap
33. Find the number of natural numbers between 101 49. Find the sum of first 8 multiples of 3. (2018) U
and 999 which are divisible by both 2 and 5. 50. How many terms of the A.P. 18, 16, 14,.. be taken so
(Al 2014) that their sum is zero? (Delhi 2016)
34. How many three-digit natural numbers are
divisible 51. How many terms of the A.P. 27, 24, 21,.. should be
by 7? (NCERT, Delhi 2013) (Ap taken so that their sum is zero? (Delhi 2016)
SAH (3 marks) 52. In an A.P, if Ss +S7 167 and S10 235, then find
the A.P, where S, denotes the sum of its first
35. If the mth term of an A.P. is and nth term is then n terms. (Al 2015)
show that its (mn)th term is 1. 53. The first and the last terms of an A.P. are 7 and 49
(Delhi 2017) An
36. The pth, qth and rth terms of an A.P. are a, b and c respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 420, find its
common difference. (Delhi 2014)
respectively. Show that alq r) +bfr p) + c(p - q) 0.
-
-
=

(Foreign 2016) (Ev54. The first and the last terms of an A.P. are 8 and 65
37. Divide 56 in four parts in A.P. such that the ratio respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 730, find its
of the product of their extremes (1st and common difference. (Delhi 2014
4th) to the
product of means (2nd and 3rd) is 5:6. (Foreign 2016)55. The sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 3n +
on
Find the nth term of this A.P (Foreign 2014) An
38. If the seventh term of an A.P. isand its ninth term
56. The sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is Sn - nf. Find
isfind its 63d term. (Delhi 2014) the nth term of this A.P. (Foreign 2014)
39. The sum of the 5th and the 9th terms of an
A.P. is 30. 57. The
If its 25th term is three times its 8th
term, find the A.P.
sum
of the first n terms of an A.P is 4n+2
(AI 2014)
Find the nth term of this A.P. (Foreign 2014) An
40. The sum of the 2nd and the 7th term
of an A.P. is 30. If
its 15th term is 1 less than twice its 8th
SA (3 marks)
term, find the S8. In an A.P. given that the first term (a) = 54, the
A.P
(AI 2014) Ev common difference (d)= -3 and the nth tern
LA (4 or 6 marks) (a)0, find n and the sum of first n terms (S,) of t
41. The sum of four consecutive numbers in A.P (2020)
A.P. is 32
and the ratio of the product of the first 59. Find the sum:
and last
terms to the product of two middie terms is 7:
15. (-5) +(-8) +(- 11) +...
Find the numbers.
(2020, 2018) +(-230) (2020)AP
60. For an A.P, it is
42. The sum of three numbers in A.P. is 12 and sum of given that the first term (a)
common difference (d) 3, and the nth term 50.
their cubes is 288. Find the numbers. (Delhi 2016)
=
(a, 0
Find n and sum of first n terms (S,) of the A.P. (2020
43. The 24th term of an A.P. is twice its 10th term. Show
that its 72th term is 4 times its 15th term. (Delhi 2013) 61. If mth term of an A.P. is and nth term is then fhne
m

E the sum of its first mn terms. (Delhi2017E

 of terms of the series
62. Find the sum n
78. The sum of the first seven terms of an A.P. is 182. If
its 4th and the 17th terms are in the ratio 1: 5, find
(--2)-(2 (Delhi 2017) Ev the A.P. (AI 2014)
63. The frst term of an A.P. is 5, the last term is 45 and 79. The sum of the first 7 terms of an A.P. is 63 and the
the sum of all its terms is 400. Find the number of sum of its next 7 terms is 161. Find the 28th term of
terms and the common difference of the A.P. this A.P. (Foreign 2014)
(Al 2017, Delhi 2014) 80. Find the number of terms of the A.P. 18, 15, 13,
64. If the sum of first 7 terms of an A.P is 49 and that of
its first 17 terms is 289, find the sum of first n terms -49and find the sum of all its terms.
of the A.P (NCERT, Delhi 2016) (Delhi 2013)
65. How many terms of the A.P. 65, 60, 55,... be taken so 81. The nth term of an A.P. is given by (-4n + 15).
that their sum is zero? Find the sum of first 20 terms of this AP.
(Delhi 2016) Ap
(Delhi 2013)
66. If the ratio of the sum of first n terms of two A.P's is
(7n +1):(4n +27), fnd the ratio of their mth terms. 82. The sum of first n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + 4n. Find

(AI 2016) the 25th term of this A.P. (Delhi 2013)

67. The digits of a positive number of three digits are
A (4 or 6 marks)
in A.P. and their sum is 15. The number obtained
by reversing the digits is 594 less than the original
83. Solve:1+4+ 7+ 10+ +X = 287 (2020)
number. Find the number. (Al 2016) 84. The first term of an A.P. is 3, the erm 83 and
the sum of all its terms is 903. Find the number of
68. The sums of first n terms of three arithmetic
terms and the common difference of the A.P.
progressions are S, S, and S, respectively. The first
term of each A.P. is 1 and their common differences (Delhi 2019)
are 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Prove that S t S3 = 2S2. 85. Find the sum of all the two digit numbers which
(Al 2016) An leave the remainder 2 when divided by 5. (Al 2019)

69. The sum of the first n terms of three A.P's are S, S2 86. The ratio of the sums of frst m and first n terms of
and S3. The first term of each is 5 and their common an A. P. is m:n. Show that the ratio of its mth andnth
difference are 2, 4 and 6 respectively. Prove that terms is (2m - 1): (2n-1). (Delhi2017,Foreign 2016)

S+S 2S2 (Foreign 2016) An

70. If S, denotes the sum of fhrstn terms of an A.P, prove 87. If the sum of first m terms of an A.P. is the same as
that S12 3(S Sa). (Delhi 2015) the sum of its first n terms, show that the sum of its
first (m + n) terms is zero. (Delhi 2017) Ev
71. If the sum of the firstn terms of an A.P. is 3n+7n),
88. If the ratio of the sum of the first n terms of two
then find its nth term. Hence write its 20th term. A.P's is (7n +1):(4n+ 27),then find the ratio of their
(Delhi 2015) 9th terms. (Al 2017)
72. IfS, denotes the sum of fi1rst n terms of an A.P, prove 89. A thief runs with a uniform speed of 100 m/minute.
that Sg0 3IS20 Syol (Delhi 2015, Foreign 2014)(Ev After one minute a policeman runs after the thief
to catch him. He goes with a speed of 100 m/minute
its 6th
73. The 14th term of an A.P. is twice its 8th term. If in the first minute and increases his speed by 10 m/
term is -8, then find the sum of its hrst 20
terms.
minute every succeeding minute. After how many
(Al 2015) Ap minutes the policeman will catch the thief ?
14. The 16th A.P. is five times its third term.
term of an
(Delhi 2016) Ap
If its 10th term is 41, then find the sum
of its first 90. A thief, after committing a theft, runs at a uniform
fifteen terms. (Al 2015) speed of 50 m/minute. After 2 minutes, a policeman
If runs to catch him. He goes 60 m in first minute and
75. The 13th term of an A.P. is four times its 3rd term.
of its first ten increases his speed by 5 m/minute every succeeding
its hfth term is 16, then find the sum
(AI 2015) minute. After how many minutes, the policeman will
terms.
the sum of its
catch the thief? (Delhi 2016) (Ap
16. In A.P, if the 12th term is 13 and
-

an
the of its first ten 91. The houses in row are numbered consecutively
fhirst four terms is 24, find sum
(Foreign 2015) from 1 to 49. Show that there exists a value of X
terms
such that sum of numbers of houses proceeding the
17. The tenth term of an A.P. is -37 and the sum of its
house numbered X is equal to sum of the numbers of
first six terms is 27. Find the sum of its first eight
(Foreign 2015) houses following X. (Al 2016)
terms.
 97. Find the middle term of the sequence forme.
6500 for sending
92. Reshma wanted to save at least by all numbers between 9 and 95, which leave
12 months).
her daughter to school next year (after remainder 1 when divided by 3. Also find the sim
a
and raised her
She saved 7 450 in the first month of the numbers on both sides of the middle ter
month. How much will
savings by 20 every next
she be able to save in next 12
months? Will she be separately. (Foreign 2015)
the school next year? 98. Find the middle term of the sequence formed h,
able to send her daughter to
What value is reflected in this question? all three-digit numbers which leave a remainder
(Foreign 2016) when divided by 7. Also find the sum of all numbers
on both sides of the middle term separately.
93. Ramkali required F2500 after 12 weeks to send her
daughter to school. She saved 7100 in the first week (Foreign 2015)C
and increased her weekly saving by 20 every week. 99. In an A.P. of 50 terms, the sum of first 10 terms is
Find whether she will be able to send her daughter 210 and the sum of its last 15 terms is 2565. Find
to school after 12 weeks. What value is generated in the A.P. (Delhi 2014)
the above situation? (Delhi 2015) Ev
100. In a school, students decided to plant trees in and
94. Find the 60th term of the A.P, 8, 10, 12,. if it has a around the school to reduce air pollution. It was
total of 60 terms and hence find the sum of its last decided that the number of trees, that each section
10 terms. (Al 2015) of each class will plant, will be double of the class in
95. An arithmetic progression 5, 12, 19,.. has 50 terms. which they are studying. If there are 1 to 12 classes
Find its last term. Hence find the sum of its last 15 in the school and each class has two sections, find
terms. (Al 2015) (An how many trees were planted by the
students
96. Find the middle term of the sequence formed by Which value is shown in this question? (AI 2014) Cr
all three-digit numbers which leave a remainder 3, 101. Find the number of terms of the A.P. 12,
when divided by 4. Also find the sum of all numbers
-9,-6,.
21. If 1 is added to each term of this A.P. then find
on both sides of the middle term
separately. the sum of all terms of the A.P. thus obtained.
(Foreign 2015) (Cr (Delhi 2013) An

CBSE Sample Questions

5.2 Arithmetic Progressions 6. If 7 times the seventh term of the AP is

equal to5
times the fifth term, then find the value of its
VSA (1 mark) 12
term.
(Term II, 2021-22) An
Fill the two blanks in the sequence 2,
so that the sequence forms an A.P.
,26, 7. Find the number of natural numbers between 102
(2019-20) and 998 which are divisible
by 2 and 5 both.
2. If the f1rst three terms of
(2019-20)
an A.P. are b, c and 2b, then
find the ratio of b and c. 5.4 Sum of First n Terms of an A.P.
(2019-20)
5.3 nth Term of an A.P. SAI (3 marks)
8. If the sum of first m
VSA (1 mark) the sum of its first n
terms of an A.P. is the same a>
terms, show that the sum or
3. Which term of the A.P. 27, first (m+ n) terms
24, 21.. is zero? (2020-21) is zero. (2019-20) Ev
Ap LA (4 or 6 marks)
4 In an Arithmetic Progression, if d=
then find a.
-

4, n =
7, a, =
4, 9 Push-ups are fast and effective exercise
a

(2020-21) building strength. These fo

are helpful in almost
SAI (2 marks) all sports
including athletics. While the push-up
primarily targets the muscles of the chest,
5. Find the value of
a25 a15 for the AP
-

and shoulders, ar
support required from other muscl
6,9, 12, 15,.. (Term I1, 2021-22) (An helps in toning up the whole
*****

body. (Term I, 2021-22

 But he wants to achieve a target of 3900 push-ups
in 1 hour for which he practices regularly. With each
day of practice, he is able to make 5 more push
ups in one hour as compared to the previous day.
If on first day of practice he makes 3000 push-ups
and continues to practice regularly till his target
is achieved. Keeping the above situation in mind
answer the following questions:
(i) Form an A.P. representing the number of push
ups per day and hence find the minimum number
of days he needs to practice before the day his
goal is accomplished.
Nitesh wants to participate in the push-up challenge. (i) Find the total number of push-ups performed by
He can currently make 3000 push-ups in one hour. Nitesh up to the day his goal is achieved.
 HEIGHTS AND DISTANCE BRAIN MAP

Angle of Elevation
SOME APPLICATIONS Heights It is the angle formed by the line of
OF and
sight with the horizontal axis, when
Distances
TRIGONOMETRY it is above the horizontal axis, i.e., the
raise head up to
case when we our

look at an object.
Here AOB is called angle of

elevation.
14 (Object)
Line of Sight Line
osight
f
The line drawn from the eye of an
observer to a point where the observer
is viewing is called the line of sight. Angle of
If O is the eye of an observer and A OAelevation
and B are objects, thern 0A and OB are Horizontal axis
called line of sight.
A
Line
o f
sight

O Horizontal axis
Line of sight
Angle of Depression
Itis the angle formed by the line of
sight with the horizontal axis when
itis below the horizontal axis, i.e., the
case when we lower our head to look
at an object. Here LBOA is called
Some Important Observations
angle of depression.
A s the distance between the object
Horizontal axis
and observerincreases, the angle of B
Angle of depressiony

elevation or depression decreases

and vice-versa. Line
ofsight
Angle of elevation and depression
arealways acute angles.
k
f the height of an object becomes Object)
between the
timesand the distance
foot of the object and the observer
also becomes k times, then the angle
ofelevation remains unchanged.
 Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions

In the given figure, AB is a 6 m high pole and CDie

9
9.2 Heights and Distances a ladder inclined at an angle of 60° to the horizontal
and reaches up to a point D of pole. If AD =2.54
MCQ (1 mark) m,
find the length ofthe ladder. (Use v3 1.73)
the ground
1 A ladder makes an angle of 60° with
when placed against a wall. If the foot of the
ladder is
the wall, then the length of the ladder
T
2.54 m
2m away from
(in meters) is
4 6m
(a) (b) 43
3
(c) 22 (d) 4 (Delhi 2014)
60
2. The angle of depression of a car parked on the road (Delhi 2016)
from the topof a 150m high tower is 30°. The distance 10. A ladder, leaning against a wall, makes an angle of 60°
of the car from the tower (in metres) is with the horizontal. If the foot of the ladder is 2.5 m
(b) 150/3 away from the wall, f1nd the length of the ladder.
(a) 50/3
(d) 75 (AI 2014) Ap (AI 2016) An
(c) 1502
3. If the height of a vertical pole is 3 times the length of 11. An observer, 1.7 m tall, is 20/3 m away from a tower,
The angle of elevation from the eye of observer to
its shadow on the ground, then the angle of elevation the top of tower is 30°. Find the height of the tower
of the Sun at that time is Foreign 2016) An
(a) 30° (b) 60° c) 45 (d) 75
12. The tops of two towers of height x and y, standing
(Foreign 2014) on level ground, subtend angles of 30° and 60
4. The angle of depression of a car, standing on the respectively at the centre of the line joining theirfeet
ground, from the top of a 75 m high tower, is 30°. The then find x:y. (Delhi 2015)
distance of the car from the base of the tower (in m) is
13. In the given figure, a tower AB is 20 m high and BC, its
(a) 25 3 (b)50/3 (c) 753 (d) 150 shadow on the ground, is 20/3 m long. Find the Sun's
(Delhi 2013) An altitude.
VSA (1mark)
5. In figure, the angle of elevation of the top of a tower
from a point C on the ground, which is 30 m away
from the foot of the tower, is 30°. Find the height of
the tower. B

(AI 2015
14. Apolecasts a shadow of length 2/3m onthegrounc
when the sun's elevation is 60° Find the height of the
(Foreign 2015)
pole.
B 30° C
30 m SAI (2 marks)
(2020) Ap 15. The rod AC of a TV disc antenna is fixed at right an
es

6. The ratio of the length of a vertical rod and the length to the wall AB and a rod CD is supporting the a
of its shadow is 1:3. Find the angle of elevation
of shown in the figure. If AC =1.5 mlong and CD-o
the Sun at that moment. then find (i) tant) (ii) sect) + cosect
(2020) (Ev
7. The ratio of the height of a tower and the length of its
shadowon the ground is 3:1.What is the angle of
elevation of the sun? (Delhi 2017
8. If a tower 30 m high, casts a shadow 103 m long on
the ground, then what is the angle of elevation of the B (2020AD
Wall
sun? (Al 2017)
SAIL (3 marks) 24. A 7 m long flagstaff is fixed on the top of a tower

of two poles of heights 20m and 28 m are standing on the horizontal plane. From a point on the
16. The tops
connected with a wire. The wire is inclined to the ground, the angles of elevation of the top and bottom
horizontal at an angle of 30. Find the length of the of the flagstaff are 60° and 45° respectively. Find the
wire and the distance between the two poles. height of the tower correct to one place of decimal.

(Term lI, 2021-22) (Use3=1.73) (Foreign 2016)

men on either side of a cliff 75 m high observe25. An aeroplane, when flying at a height of 4000 m from
17. Two the ground passes vertically above another aeroplane
the angles of elevation of the top of the cliff to be 30°
and 60. Find the distance between the two men. at an instant when the angles of elevation of the two
planes from the same point on the ground are 60° and
45° respectively. Find the vertical distance between
the aeroplanes at that instant. (Take v3 =1.73)
(Foreign 2016)
75 m
26. The angle of elevation of the top of a building from
CA30°
60°D the foot of the tower is 30° and the angle of elevation
of the top of the tower from the foot of the building
(Term II, 2021-22) is 45° If the tower is 30m high, find the height of
18. From a point on a bridge across a river, the angles of
the
building (Delhi 2015) An
depression of the banks on opposite sides of the river
27. The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point
are 30° and 45. If the bridge is at a height of 8 m from
A on the ground is 60°. After a flight of 15 seconds,
the banks, then find the width of the river.
the angle of elevation changes to 30°. If the aeroplane
A
is flying at a constant height of 1500/3 m, find the
45 30
speed of the plane in km/hr. (AI 2015)
8m 28. From the top of a tower of height 50 m, the angles of
depression of the top and bottom of a pole are 30°
and 45° respectively. Find
(i) how far the pole is from the bottom of a tower,
(Term l1, 2021-22) Ap (ii) the height of the pole. (Use v3=1.732)
19. A moving boat is observed from the top of a 150 m (Foreign 2015)
high cliff moving away from the cliff. The angle of 29. Two ships are there in the sea on either side of a light
depression of the boat changes from 60° to 45° in 2 house in such a way that the ships and the light house
minutes. Find the speed of the boat in m/h. are in the same straight line. The angles of depression
(Delhi 2017) of two ships as observed from the top of light house
20. From the top of are 60° and 45. If the height of the light house is
a 7m high building, the angle of
elevation of the top of a tower is 60° and the angle 200 m, find the distance between the two ships.
of depression of its foot is 45° Find the height of the [Use 3=1.73] (Delhi 2014) (Ap
tower. (NCERTExemplar, Delhi 2017) 30. The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point
and bottom of a on the ground is 60°. After a flight of 30 seconds the
The angles of depression of the top
of a tower are 45° angle of elevation becomes 30°. If the aeroplane is
0 m high building from the top
and the tower
60° respectively. Find the height of flying at a constant height of 3000/3 m. find the
between the tower and speed of the aeroplane.
and the horizontal distance (Al 2014)
thebuilding. (Use v3 =1.73) (Delhi 2016) 31. From the top of a 60 m high building. the angles of
which is 10 m depression of the top and the bottom of a tower are
6 A man
standing on the deck of a ship, 45° and 60° respectively. Find the height of the tower.
elevation
above water level, observes the angle of
of the top of a hill as 60° and the angle of depression Take 3-1.73 (AI 2014) An
of the hll
of the base of hill as 30° Find the distance (AI 2016) 32. Two ships are approaching a light-house from
Trom the ship and the height of the hil.
3. men on either side of a 75 m high building and
opposite directions. The angles of depression of the
two ships from the top of the light-house are 30° and
the angles of
in line with base of building observe 45 If the distance between the two ships is 100 m,
eievation of the top of the building as 30° and Find
60". find the height of the light-house. [Use V3 =1.732]
ne distance between the two men. (Use v3 =1.73)
(Foreign 2016) (Foreign 2014)
33. The horizontal distance between two poles is 15 m. 38. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and
The angle of depression of the top of first pole as seen is surmounted by a vertical flag-staff of height 6 m
from the top of second pole is 30°. If the height of the At a point on the plane, the angle of elevation of
second pole is 24 m, find the height of the first pole. the bottom and top of the flag-staff are 30° and
45 respectively. Find the height of the tower
Use 3 1.732] (Delhi 2013)
(Take v3=1.73) (NCERT, 2020) Ap
L A (4 r 6 marks) 39. A man in a boat rowing away from a light house
100 m high takes 2 minutes to change the angle of
34. The straight highway leads to the foot of a tower.
elevation of the top of the light house from 60° to
A man standing at the top of the tower observes
30 Find the speed of the boat in metres per minute.
a car at an angle of depression of 30, whichis
approaching the foot of the tower with a uniform [Use 3 1.732] (Delhi 2019)C
speed. Ten seconds later the angle of depression of 40. Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite
the car is found to be 60°. Find the time taken by the each other on either side of the road, which is 80 m
car to reach the foot of the tower from this point. wide. From a point between them on the road, the
(Term I1, 2021-22) angles of elevation of the top of the poles are 60° and
30° respectively. Find the height of the poles and the
35. Kite festival
distances of the point from the poles.
Kite festival is celebrated in many countries at
different times of the year. In India, every year 14th (NCERT, Delhi 2019, 2013) An
OR
January is celebrated as International Kite Day. On
this day many people visit India and participate in Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite to
the festival by flying various kinds of kites. each other on either side of the road which is 80 m
The picture given below, shows three kites flying wide. From a point P between them on the road, the
angle of elevation of the top of a pole is 60° and the
together. angle of depression from the top of another pole at
point P is 30°. Find the heights of the poles and the
distances of the point P from the poles.
(Foreign 2015)
41. A boy standing on a horizontal plane finds a bird
flying at a distance of 100 m from him at an elevation
of 30. A girl standing on the roof of a 20 m high
building. finds the elevation of the same bird to be
45°. The boy and the girl are on the opposite sides of
the bird. Find the distance of the bird from the girl.
60 m (Given 2 =1.414)
50m (AI 2019)Ap
30 60° 42. The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point
A on the ground is 60°. After a flight of 30 seconds,.
In Fig. the angles of elevation of two kites (Points A and B) the angle of elevation changes to 30° If the plane is
from the hands of a man (Point C) are found to be 30° and flying at a constant height of 3600W3 metres, hnd
60° respectively. Taking AD = 50 m and BE = 60 m, find

) the lengths of strings used (take them straight) for

the speed of the aeroplane. (Al 2019) EvV
kites A and B as shown in figure. 43. As observed from the top ofa 100 m high light house
(ii) the distance'd' between these two kites from the sea-level, the angles of depression of two
(Term l1, 2021-22) ships are 30° and 45 If one ship is exactly behina
the other on the same side of the light house, find tne
36. From a point on the ground, the angles of elevation distance between the two ships.
of the bottom and the top of a transmission tower
fixed at the top of a 20 m high building are 45° and
[Use 3 1.732] (2018)

60° respectively. Find the height of the tower 44. The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point 60
above the surface of the water of a lake is 30° and tntc
(Use v3 1.73) (2020)(An) angle of depression of its shadow in water of lake
37. A statue 1.6 m tall, stands on the top of a pedestal. 60° Find the height of the cloud from the surface
From a point on the ground the angle of elevation (Delhi 2017
water
of the top of the statue is 60° and from the same 45. Two points A and B are on the same side of a tow
point the angle of elevation of the top of the and in the same straight line with its base. The angle
pedestal is 45° Find the height of the pedestal. of depression of these points from the top of t
(Use v3 =1.73) (NCERT, 2020) Ap tower are 60° and 45° respectively. If the height
 the tower is 15 m, then find the distance between
of depression of the reflection of the cloud in the lake,
these points. (Delhi 2017) (EV at A is 60. Find the distance of the cloud from A.
46. An aeroplane is flying at a height of 300 m above (Al 2015) Ap
the ground. Flying at this height, the angles of 54. The angles of elevation and depression of the top and
depression from the aeroplane of two points on
the bottom of a tower from the top of a building, 60 mm
both banks of a river in opposite directions are 45 high, are 30° and 60° respectively. Find the difference
and 60° respectively. Find the width of the river. between the heights of the building and the tower
[Use V3 1732] (Al 2017) Ap and the distance between them. (Delhi2014)
47. A bird is sitting on the top of a 80 m high tree. From OR
a point on the ground, the angle of elevation of thee The angles of elevation and depression of the top and
bird is 45°. The bird flies away horizontally in such a bottom of a light-house from the top of a 60 m high
way that it remained at a constant height from the building are 30° and 60° respectively. Find
ground. After 2 seconds, the angle of elevation of (i) the difference between the heights of the light-
the bird from the same point is 30°. Find the speed of house and the building
(i) the distance between the light-house and the
flyingofthe bird. (Take v3 =1.732) (Delhi 2016) building. (AI 2012)
48. The angles of elevation of the top of a tower from two 55. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower at a
points at a distance of 4 m and 9 m from the base of distance of 120 m from a point A on the ground is 45°
the tower and in the same straight line with it are 60° If the angle of elevation of the top of a flagstaff fixed
and 30° respectively. Find the height of the toer. at the top of the tower, at A is 60, then find the height
(Delhi 2016) ofthe flagstaff. [Use v3 =1.73] (AI 2014)
49. The angle of elevation of the topQof a vertical tower
56. The angle of elevation of the top of a chimney from
PQ from a point X on the ground is 60° From a point Y,
the foot of a tower is 60° and the angle of depression
40 m vertically above X, the angle of elevation of the
of the foot of the chimney from the top of the tower is
top Q of tower is 45 Find the height of the tower PQ 30. If the height of the tower is 40 m, find the height
and the distance PX. (Use v3 1.73) (Al 2016) of the chimney. According to pollution control norms,
50. As observed from the top of light house, 100 m high the minimum height of a smoke emitting chimney
should be 100 m. State if the height of the above
above sea level, the angles of depression of a ship mentioned chimney meets the pollution norms. What
sailing directly towards it, changes from 30° to 60
value is discussed in this question? (Foreign 2014)
Find the distance travelled by the ship during the
period of observation. (Use v3 =1.73) (AI 2016) 57. The angle of elevation of the top of a building from
the foot of the tower is 30 and the angle of elevation
51. From a point on the ground, the angle of elevation of of the top of the tower from the foot of the building
the top of a tower is observed to be 60°. Froma point is 60°. If the tower is 60 m high, find the height of
40 m vertically above the first point of observation,
the
building. (Delhi 2013) Cr
the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is
58. From a point Pon the ground, the angle of elevation of
30. Find the height of the tower and its horizontal the top of a 10 m tal building is 30°. A flagstaff is fixed
distance from the point of observation. AI 2016) Ap at the top of the building and the angle of elevation of
52. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and the top of the flagstaff from Pis 45 Find the length of
Surmounted by a flagstaff of height 5 m. From a point the flagstaff and the distance of the building from
the
the ground the angles of elevation of the top and point P. (Take v3 1.73) (Delhi 2013) Cr
on
bottom of the flagstaff are 60° and 30° respectively.
59. The angle of elevation of the top of a hill at the foot
Find the height of the tower and the distance of the
of a tower is 60° and the angle of depression from
point from the tower. (Take 3 = 1.732) the top of the tower of the foot of the hillis 30° If the
(Foreign 2016) (An) tower is 50 m high, find the height of the hill.

OR (Delhi 2012) Ap
From a point Pon the ground the angle of elevation of 60. The angle depression from the top of a tower of a
of
the top of a tower is 30° and that of the top of a flag point A on the ground is 30°. On moving a distance of
Staff fixed on the top of the tower, is 60. If the length 20 from the point A towards the foot of the tower
m
of the flag staff is 5 m, find the height of the towver. to point B, the angle of elevation of the top of the
a
(Delhi 2015) tower from the point B is 60. Find the
height of the
level of water in a tower and its distance from the point A.
A t a point A, 20 metres above the
ake, the angle of elevation of a cloud is 30. The angle (Foreign 2012)
 CBSE Sample Questions

clinometer to measure the angle of depression of the

9.2 Heights and Distances boat coming towards the lighthouse and found it to
be 30°
SAIE (3 marks)
1. Two vertical poles of different heights are standing
20 m away from each other on the level ground. The
angle of elevation of the top of the first pole from the
foot of the second pole is 60° and angle of elevation
of the top of the second pole from the foot of the
first pole is 30°. Find the difference between the
heights of two poles. (Take v3 = 1.73)
(Term l, 2021-22)
A boy 1.7m tall is standing horizontal ground,
on a
(Lighthouse of Mumbai Harbour. Picture credits
50 m away from a building. The angle of elevation of
Times of India Travel)
the top of the building from his eye is 60° Calculate
(i) Make a labelled figure on the basis of the given
the height of the building. (Take v3 =
1.73) information and calculate the distance of the
(Term I1, 2021-22) boat from the foot of the observation tower.
3 (i) After 10 minutes, the guard observed that the
boat was approaching the tower and its distance
from tower is reduced by 240( V3 -1) m.
He immediately raised the alarm. What was the
new angle of depression of the boat from the
top of the observation tower? (Term Il, 2021-22)
5. The two palm trees are of equal heights and are
standing opposite each other on either side of the
river, which is 80 m wide. From a point O between
If the angles of elevation of the top of the candle from them on the river the angles of elevation of the top
two coins distant 'a' cm and 'b' cm (a > b) from its base of the trees are 60° and 30°,
and in the same straight line from it are 30°and
respectively. Find the
60, height of the trees and the distances of the pointo
then find the height of the candle. from the trees.
(2020-21) (2020-21)
(4 or 6 marks) . The angles of depression of the top and bottom of
LA a building 50 meters
4. Trigonometry in the form of triangulation forms the high as observed from the top
of a tower are 30° and 60°
basis of navigation, whether it is by land, sea or air. respectively. Find the
height of the tower, and also the horizontal distance
GPS a radio navigation system helps to locate our between the building and the tower.
position on earth with the help of satellites. (2020-21)
The angle of elevation of an
A guard, stationed at the top of a 240 m
tower, on the ground is 60°.
airplane from a point
observed an unidentified boat coming towards it. A After a flight of 30 seconds.
the angle of elevation becomes 30° If the
clinometer or inclinometer is an instrument used for airplane
measuring angles or slopes(tilt). The guard used the is flying at a constant
height of 3000 3 m, hnd the
ed of the airplane. (2019-20)