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STAIRCASE

The document discusses the definition and parts of a staircase, including steps, treads, risers, landings, and other components, and provides details on the standard construction process for concrete stairs which involves designing and building formwork, adding steel reinforcement, pouring and curing concrete, then removing forms and applying finishes.

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SONAL TARKASBAND
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46 views13 pages

STAIRCASE

The document discusses the definition and parts of a staircase, including steps, treads, risers, landings, and other components, and provides details on the standard construction process for concrete stairs which involves designing and building formwork, adding steel reinforcement, pouring and curing concrete, then removing forms and applying finishes.

Uploaded by

SONAL TARKASBAND
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STAIRCASE….

PRESENTED BY
VIDHI MANDAVKAR
SONAL TARKASBAND
ISLAM ANSARI
STAIRCASE:
Definition
• Stair cases are used for the purpose of giving access to different floors of a
structure.
• A stair is a set of steps, leading from one floor to other , provided to afford
the means of ascent or descent between the various floors of building. The
room or enclosure of building in which the stair is located is known as stair-
case.
PARTS OF STAIRCASE:
 SCOTIA:-
 STEP:- It is a moulding provided under the nosing to
It is a portion of stair which permits ascent or provide strength to nosing.
descent. A stair is composed of a set of steps.
 TREAD:-  SOFFIT:-
It is a upper horizontal portion of a step upon which It is the underside of a stair.
foot is placed while ascending or descending.
 RISER:-  PITCH OR SLOPE:-
It is a vertical portion of a step providing support to It is the angle which the line of nosing of the
the tread. stair makes with the horizontal.
 LANDING:-
It is level platform at the top or bottom of a flight  STRINGS OR STRINGERS:-
between the floors. These are the slopping members which support
 FLIGHT:- the steps in a stair.
This is an unbroken series of steps between landing.
 RISE:-  NEWEL POST:-
It is a vertical distance between two successive Newel post is a vertical member which is placed
tread faces. at the ends of flight to connects the ends of strings
 GOING:- and hand rail.
It is a horizontal distance between two successive
 BALUSTER:-
riser faces.
 NOSING:- It is vertical member of wood or metal,
It is the projecting part of the tread beyond the face supporting the hand rail.
of riser.  HEAD ROOM:-
It is the clear vertical distance between the
tread and overload structure.
Steps for Construction of Concrete Stairs
• Designing of stairs requires through knowledge about design aspects and
site study. The factors that influence the design of stairs are height of the
floor, width of the stairs, risers depth, thread width, thickness of the stairs,
angle of the stairs, load applied on the stairs and many other aspects which
requires a qualified engineer to design the perfect stairs.
• The standard dimensions for stairs components are

Component Standard Dimension

Thread 9 – 9.25 Inch

Riser 7.5 – 8.25 Inch

Width 3 Feet

Flight Angle 30 – 45 Degree


2. Foundation and Support for Concrete Stairs:
• The foundation on which the concrete stairs rest is
to be properly constructed so that the loads of the
stairs are transferred in to ground successfully and
to resist the movement of stairs.
• If the plinth beam of building is present at the start
of the stairs, then the reinforcement steels bars can
be connected to them which will transfer the loads.
• If no plinth beam is found, then a small concrete
foundation or size stone masonry is constructed.
• To support the stairs at the top which restricts the
movement of stairs is usually done to the roof beam
or slab.
3. Building the Form-work for Concrete Stairs:
• The most important step when building concrete
stairs is to use a proper formwork.
• The angle of flight, dimensions of thread and riser
are to be properly checked. Usually while
constructing a stairs attached to wall, the line of
flight , thread and risers are marked on the wall for
proper fixing of shuttering or formwork.
• The boards must be at least 2” thick, as to support
the weight of the concrete.
• The whole structure of the form, must be supported
by 4×4 posts.
• The wooden boards are used to create the steps and
are fastened with several screws to the lateral
structure of the formwork.
4. Steel Reinforcement for Concrete Stairs
• The concrete steps are to be reinforced with steel
bars so as it carries the loads coming upon the
stairs and transfer them to the ground.
• The number of steel bars and size of the bars is to
be calculated by a structural engineers depending
upon the loads coming on the stairs.
• These steel reinforcement bars are placed in the
formwork with minimum of 25 mm spacing and is
tied together.
5. Pouring of Concrete for Concrete Stairs
• Pouring of concrete into the formworks is started
from the below part to above.
• The concrete mix plays an important role in
strength and durability of stairs. Standard mix
used for stairs are 3 parts cement, 2 parts sand, 4
parts gravel and water.
• It is recommended to use a concrete vibrator while
pouring the concrete to completely fill the gaps of
the stairs and to avoid the honeycomb formation.
• This work is to be carried out with great care and
patience , as any sudden movements can disturb
the alignment of the formworks or even collapse
the formwork. It is always recommended to pour
the concrete ceiling and stairs in the same day, as
to create a strong bond between these
components.
• 6. Removal of Formwork
• The stairs requires at least 21 days to
dry out completely, so the removal of
formwork is to done only after 21days.
• In these 21 days proper curing is to done
to prevents the cracks in stairs due to
thermal expansion.
• After the 21 days, the formwork is
removed by using a hammer and a
crowbar. Work with patience, as to avoid
damaging the concrete or the edges of
the stairs.
7. Finishing of Concrete Stairs
• Once the formwork is removed, the stairs
can be finished in many ways as per the
requirement of the use.
• It can just be finished using trowel or
float to give concrete finish, cement tiles,
granite can be installed for better
appearance.
• Even carpet or wood can also be used to
finish the stairs.
FINISHING MATERIALS

NAME Indian Marble Polished Finish Makrana


Staircase Marble

PRICE ₹ 44/ Square


Marble Type Indian Marble
Finishing: Polished
Finish Form Slab
Application Flooring
Area

Shape Rectangle
THICKNESS 20 MM
Brand Bhutra

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