eRAN

Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter

Description

Issue 01
Date 2022-03-08

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2022. All rights reserved.
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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description Contents

Contents

1 Change History.........................................................................................................................1
1.1 eRAN18.1 01 (2022-03-08)..................................................................................................................................................1
1.2 eRAN18.1 Draft A (2021-12-30)........................................................................................................................................ 1

2 About This Document.............................................................................................................2

2.1 General Statements................................................................................................................................................................ 2
2.2 Applicable RAT......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Features in This Document.................................................................................................................................................. 2

3 Breathing Pilot......................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Principles.................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
3.1.1 Entry Conditions and Measurement Guarantee........................................................................................................4
3.1.2 Ensuring System Information and Paging Message Demodulation...................................................................6
3.1.3 Increasing the Proportion of UEs in DRX Sleep State............................................................................................. 6
3.1.4 Increasing the CRS Transmission Disabling Rate...................................................................................................... 7
3.1.5 Addressing UE Compatibility Issues...............................................................................................................................8
3.2 Network Analysis.................................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.2.1 Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.2.2 Impacts.................................................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.3 Requirements......................................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.3.1 Licenses................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
3.3.2 Software................................................................................................................................................................................17
3.3.3 Hardware.............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
3.3.4 Networking.......................................................................................................................................................................... 18
3.3.5 Others.................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
3.4 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................................................................................. 19
3.4.1 Data Configuration (FDD).............................................................................................................................................. 19
3.4.1.1 Data Preparation............................................................................................................................................................ 19
3.4.1.2 Using MML Commands............................................................................................................................................... 21
3.4.1.3 Using the MAE-Deployment...................................................................................................................................... 22
3.4.2 Activation Verification..................................................................................................................................................... 22
3.4.3 Network Monitoring......................................................................................................................................................... 23

4 Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 24
5 Counters.................................................................................................................................. 25

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description Contents

6 Glossary................................................................................................................................... 26
7 Reference Documents...........................................................................................................27

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eRAN
Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 1 Change History

1 Change History

This chapter describes changes not included in the "Parameters", "Counters",

"Glossary", and "Reference Documents" chapters. These changes include:
● Technical changes
Changes in functions and their corresponding parameters
● Editorial changes
Improvements or revisions to the documentation

1.1 eRAN18.1 01 (2022-03-08)

This issue does not include any changes.

1.2 eRAN18.1 Draft A (2021-12-30)

This issue introduces the following changes to eRAN17.1 02 (2021-11-27).

Technical Changes
Change Description Parameter RAT Base Station Model
Change

Enabled micro base None FDD BTS3912E

stations to support
port disabling policy
optimization. For
details, see 3.1.4
Increasing the CRS
Transmission
Disabling Rate.

Editorial Changes
Revised descriptions in this document.

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 2 About This Document

2 About This Document

2.1 General Statements

Purpose
This document is intended to acquaint readers with:

● The technical principles of features and their related parameters

● The scenarios where these features are used, the benefits they provide, and
the impact they have on networks and functions
● Requirements of the operating environment that must be met before feature
activation
● Parameter configuration required for feature activation, verification of feature
activation, and monitoring of feature performance
NOTE

This document only provides guidance for feature activation. Feature deployment and
feature gains depend on the specifics of the network scenario where the feature is
deployed. To achieve optimal gains, contact Huawei professional service engineers.

Software Interfaces
Any parameters, alarms, counters, or managed objects (MOs) described in this
document apply only to the corresponding software release. For future software
releases, refer to the corresponding updated product documentation.

2.2 Applicable RAT

This document applies to FDD.

2.3 Features in This Document

This document describes the following FDD features.

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 2 About This Document

Feature ID Feature Name Chapter/Section

LEOFD-111306 Breathing Pilot 3 Breathing Pilot

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

3 Breathing Pilot

3.1 Principles
Intra-frequency cells experience interference from each other. As a result, signal
quality deteriorates noticeably and transmission efficiency is negatively affected.
When network load is low, cell-specific reference signals (CRSs) are a major source
of interference.

Breathing Pilot is introduced to disable CRS transmissions on some RBs on

appropriate occasions and thereby reduces CRS interference on neighboring cells.

Breathing Pilot is controlled by the BreathingPilotSwitch option of the

CellDlschAlgo.BreathingPilotAlgoSwitch parameter.

3.1.1 Entry Conditions and Measurement Guarantee

Entry Conditions
CRSs are not transmitted in some RBs when either of the following conditions is
met:

● No UEs in the cell are in connected mode.

● All UEs in connected mode in the cell enter the sleep state in discontinuous
reception (DRX) mode.

For example, there are two CRS ports. When either of the preceding conditions is
met, CRSs for ports 0 and 1 are transmitted only in the six resource blocks (RBs) in
the middle of the system bandwidth, without being transmitted in other RBs.

Measurement Guarantee in DRX Sleep State

Some UEs perform measurement in the sleep time before and after the On
Duration in DRX mode. For these UEs, signal measurement accuracy can be
ensured by adjusting the following parameters when both Breathing Pilot and DRX
are enabled:

● CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreODTtiNum

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

If this parameter is set to a value x, CRSs are transmitted across the entire
bandwidth for x transmission time intervals (TTIs) before UEs enter the On
Duration in DRX mode.
● CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPostODTtiNum
If this parameter is set to a value y, CRSs continue being transmitted across
the entire bandwidth for y TTIs after UEs exit the On Duration in DRX mode.
Figure 3-1 shows an example where the CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreODTtiNum
parameter is set to 4 and the CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPostODTtiNum parameter
is set to 7. If the On Duration starts in a TTI m and stops in another TTI n, CRSs
are transmitted across the entire bandwidth from TTI m-4 to TTI n+7.

Figure 3-1 Relationship between CRS transmission and DRX

Measurement Guarantee by Setting Measurement Bandwidth

When CRSs are transmitted only in the six RBs in the middle of the system
bandwidth, UEs measure only these RBs to ensure measurement accuracy. Table
3-1 describes the parameters used to set these RBs as the measurement
bandwidth.

Table 3-1 Measurement bandwidth configuration

Parameter Name Parameter ID Parameter Value

Measurement CellResel.MeasBandWidthCfgInd CFG

bandwidth configure
indicator

Measurement CellResel.MeasBandWidth MBW6

bandwidth

Measurement EutranInterNFreq.MeasBandWidt MBW6

bandwidth h

Figure 3-2 provides an example, where cells 1 and 2 have an intra-frequency

neighbor relationship. Breathing Pilot is enabled for cell 1. The
CellResel.MeasBandWidth parameter is set to MBW6 for cells 1 and 2.

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

Figure 3-2 Intra-frequency cells

Figure 3-3 provides an example, where cells 1 and 2 have an inter-frequency

neighbor relationship. In cell 1, Breathing Pilot is enabled, the
CellResel.MeasBandWidth parameter is set to MBW6, and F1 is used as the
working frequency. In cell 2, the EutranInterNFreq.MeasBandWidth parameter is
set to MBW6 and the EutranInterNFreq.DlEarfcn parameter is set to the
downlink EARFCN of the neighboring E-UTRAN frequency F1.

Figure 3-3 Inter-frequency cells

3.1.2 Ensuring System Information and Paging Message

Demodulation
Some UEs perform measurement before system information broadcast and paging
message sending. To enable UEs to correctly demodulate system information and
paging messages, the CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreSibPagingTtiNum parameter
can be used to set the number of TTIs for wideband CRS transmissions before
system information broadcast and paging message sending.
To increase the probability of CRS transmission disabling, the PCCHCfg.Nb
parameter can be set to QUARTERT. This setting will result in a low paging
capacity. The beneficial scenarios of Breathing Pilot are light load scenarios where
there are low requirements for paging capacity. Therefore, this setting has a small
impact on key performance indicators (KPIs) in light load scenarios. For the impact
of the parameter setting, see Idle Mode Management

3.1.3 Increasing the Proportion of UEs in DRX Sleep State

To increase the probability of CRS transmission disabling, the eNodeB can adjust
the DRX On Duration periods of different UEs to increase the proportion of UEs
that simultaneously enter DRX sleep state. This adjustment function takes effect
when the number of UEs in a cell is less than the threshold specified by the

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CellDlschAlgo.BPUeOdAlignThd parameter. For details about DRX On Duration,

see DRX and Signaling Control.

3.1.4 Increasing the CRS Transmission Disabling Rate

The function of increasing the CRS transmission disabling rate is an enhancement
to Breathing Pilot. It increases the benefits of Breathing Pilot by identifying UEs
without services and instructing them to enter the sleep state earlier.
The eNodeB sends a DRX Command MAC control element (MCE) to a UE if
detecting that the UE in DRX active state has no data to receive or send. The UE
stops the onDurationTimer and drx-InactivityTimer after receiving the DRX
Command MCE, according to section 5.7 "Discontinuous Reception (DRX)" in 3GPP
TS 36.321 V8.8.0. In this way, the eNodeB enables the UE to enter the sleep state
in advance and increases the CRS transmission disabling rate.
The function of increasing the CRS transmission disabling rate requires that the
DrxParaGroup.DrxInactivityTimer parameter be set to PSF50 or a larger value.
If the NCellDlRsrpMeasPara.DlRsrpAutoNCellMeasSwitch parameter is set to
ON and the CellDlschAlgo.PilotOffRateIncreaseSw parameter is set to
BASED_ON_MEASUREMENT, the function of increasing the CRS transmission
disabling rate takes effect in the neighboring cells. In this situation, the function
takes effect five minutes later. Figure 3-4 illustrates the procedure for the function
to take effect in a neighboring cell.
For FDD, if the downlink PRB usage of a neighboring cell is less than or equal to
the value of CellDlschAlgo.AdaptPilotOffPrbThld, the port disabling policy
optimization function takes effect in the neighboring cell. This function further
reduces pilot interference as follows:
● The PILOTOFFPORT_SELECT_SWITCH option of the
CellDlschAlgo.PilotOffStrategy parameter is treated as being deselected,
regardless of the actual setting. That is, CRS transmissions for ports 0 and 1
are transmitted only in the six RBs in the middle of the system bandwidth.
● The values of the CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreODTtiNum,
CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPostODTtiNum, and
CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreSibPagingTtiNum parameters are treated as 0,
regardless of the actual settings. That is, CRS transmissions are disabled in
more TTIs.

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Figure 3-4 Procedure for the function to take effect in a neighboring cell

The function of increasing the CRS transmission disabling rate will prolong DRX
sleep time. To reduce the negative impact on KPIs, it is recommended that all of
the following switches be turned on:

● SriDetectEnhanceSW option of the CellPucchAlgo.SriAlgoSwitch parameter

● PuschDtxSwitch option of the CellAlgoSwitch.UlSchSwitch parameter

3.1.5 Addressing UE Compatibility Issues

Measurement Compatibility
Some UEs that do not work in compliance with 3GPP specifications measure the
entire bandwidth even when the neighboring cell measurement bandwidth is set
to MBW6. As a result, the reference signal received power (RSRP) values
measured by these UEs are very low.

UE compatibility issues are as follows:

● In most cases, the UE-measured RSRP values are low and the errors are large.
This affects functions such as handover and reselection.
● In a few cases, the UE-measured RSRP values are too low and the errors are
too large. As a result, the neighboring cells cannot be measured, handover
cannot be performed, and the service drop rate increases.

To ensure measurement robustness for such UEs, a CRS transmission disabling

policy can be set by using the PILOTOFFPORT_SELECT_SWITCH option of the
CellDlschAlgo.PilotOffStrategy parameter.

● If this option is selected, CRSs for port 0 are transmitted across the entire
bandwidth while CRSs for port 1 are transmitted only in the six RBs in the
middle of the system bandwidth.
● If this option is deselected, CRSs for ports 0 and 1 are transmitted only in the
six RBs in the middle of the system bandwidth.

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The following describes the effects of CRS transmission disabling policies on the
two types of UEs with compatibility issues:

● If CRS transmissions for ports 0 and 1 are disabled (by deselecting the
previously mentioned option), the measurement errors of UEs with
compatibility issues in different long DRX cycles are listed in Table 3-2.
● If CRS transmissions for only port 1 are disabled (by selecting the previously
mentioned option), the measurement errors of UEs with compatibility issues
in different long DRX cycles are listed in Table 3-3.

Table 3-2 RSRP measurement errors (when CRS transmissions for ports 0 and 1
are disabled)

Issue Long DRX Cycle of 40 ms Long DRX Cycle of 320 ms

Large errors in The measurement errors of The measurement errors of

RSRP most UEs are less than 2 dB. most UEs are in the range
measurements of 3 dB to 9 dB.

Failures in The measurement errors are greater than 10 dB.

neighboring cell
measurements

Table 3-3 RSRP measurement errors (when CRS transmissions for port 1 are
disabled)

Issue Long DRX Cycle of 40 ms Long DRX Cycle of 320 ms

Large errors in The measurement errors of a The measurement errors of

RSRP very few UEs are in the range most UEs are in the range
measurements of 1 dB to 2 dB. of 1 dB to 2 dB.
The measurement errors of
a few UEs are in the range
of 3 dB to 5 dB.

Failures in The measurement errors are in the range of 2 dB to 4 dB.

neighboring cell
measurements

System Information Compatibility (FDD)

If PUCCH resource adjustment is enabled by selecting the PucchSwitch option of
the CellAlgoSwitch.PucchAlgoSwitch parameter, the eNodeB triggers RB range
extension for channel quality indicator (CQI) reporting at an earlier time after
Breathing Pilot is enabled. In this case, if some UEs fail to receive system
information, there may be a significant increase in the number of DTXs for
PDCCHs with different aggregation levels. To avoid this issue, it is recommended
that this option be deselected. Table 3-4 provides the recommended settings for
other PUCCH-resource-related parameters.

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

Table 3-4 Recommended settings for other PUCCH-resource-related parameters

Delta Shift ACK/SRI Channel Number CQI RB Number

DS1 121 4

DS2 67 4

The delta shift, ACK/SRI channel number, and CQI RB number are determined by
the PUCCHCfg.DeltaShift, PUCCHCfg.NaSriChNum, and PUCCHCfg.CqiRbNum
parameters, respectively. The recommended settings for the ACK/SRI channel
number and CQI RB number are related to the delta shift.

Uplink Out-of-Synchronization
If a UE is out of synchronization in the uplink, there will be a significant increase
in the number of DTXs for the corresponding PDCCH aggregation level. It is
recommended that the TimeAlignmentTimer.TimeAlignmentTimer parameter
be set to INFINITY and the TimeAlignmentTimer.TimingResOptSwitch
parameter be set to ON.

3.2 Network Analysis

3.2.1 Benefits
Breathing Pilot offers benefits in light load scenarios. It reduces interference to
neighboring cells, improves data transmission quality, and increases the User
Downlink Average Throughput by 1% to 5%.
Breathing Pilot can provide noticeable benefits in the following scenarios:
● There is significant interference between intra-frequency cells in contiguous
coverage areas, for example, in areas with inter-site distances less than or
equal to 500 m.
● The average number of UEs is less than 10 and the average downlink physical
resource block (PRB) usage is less than 5% during off-peak hours in a cell.

3.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
Breathing Pilot has the following network impacts:
● It may decrease the downlink PRB usage as it increases spectral efficiency.
● It increases the actually reported CQI values. For UEs with IBLERs less than
the target value, it increases their IBLERs, making them converge to the target
value.
● When the serving and neighboring cells' PCIs (specified by the Cell.PhyCellId
parameter) mod 3 produce the same value, Breathing Pilot may affect the
serving cell after it takes effect in the neighboring cell. That is, CQI

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measurement results may be higher, UE IBLERs may increase, and cell

throughput may decrease.
● After this feature takes effect, the eNodeB energy consumption (indicated by
the VS.EnergyCons.BTS.Adding.LTE counter) may slightly decrease.
The function of increasing the CRS transmission disabling rate has the following
network impacts:
● It may prolong the transmission delay for the first downlink packet of a UE
and increases the L.Thrp.Time.DL.TrafficSizeBased counter value.
● It increases the number of DRX Command MCEs sent by the eNodeB, number
of PRBs used in downlink MIMO, and number of TBs transmitted in downlink
MIMO. It decreases the downlink spectral efficiency and the average MCS
index because smaller MCS indexes are used for MCEs.
● It enables UEs to stay in DRX sleep state for a longer timer and increases the
probability of false detections of scheduling requests (SRs).
● When there are false detections of SRs, the DRX status maintained on the
eNodeB is different from that on the UEs. In this situation, if the eNodeB
delivers DRX Command MCEs, UEs may not receive them and there may be
more downlink DTXs and higher BLERs.
UEs will encounter the following issues if performing RSRP and CQI measurements
on the entire bandwidth when CRS transmissions are disabled:
● The measured RSRP values are inaccurate and the reported CQIs fluctuate by
0.5.
● These UEs may experience premature handovers, delayed handovers, ping-
pong handovers, or ping-pong cell reselections.
● There may be slight deterioration in mobility KPIs (such as handover success
rates) and accessibility KPIs (such as RRC Setup Success Rate and E-RAB
Setup Success Rate). There may be slight increases in retainability KPIs (such
as service drop rates), the number of random access times, the numbers of
RRC connection establishments and reestablishments, downlink residual block
error rates (RBLERs), and packet loss rates.
● The preceding influences may increase slightly after the function of increasing
the CRS transmission disabling rate takes effect.
For FDD, Breathing Pilot also has the following impacts:
● It results in a change in PUCCH resource allocation for CQI reporting,
triggering PUCCH RB range extension at an earlier time. Consequently, it
increases uplink PRB usage and may increase uplink interference. It may also
lead to fluctuations in uplink access indicators (such as the random access
success rate), User Uplink Average Throughput, uplink MCS indexes, uplink
IBLERs, and uplink RBLERs.
The random access success rate is calculated using the following formula:
Random access success rate = (L.RA.GrpA.ContResolution +
L.RA.GrpB.ContResolution + L.RA.Dedicate.HO.Msg3Rcv) / (L.RA.GrpA.Att
+ L.RA.GrpB.Att + L.RA.Dedicate.HO.Att) x 100
● This function decreases the number of UEs that report CQIs at short intervals
and increases the number of UEs that report CQIs at long intervals.
– If UEs that report CQIs at short intervals are all close to the cell center,
the average of reported CQIs decreases.

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– If UEs that report CQIs at short intervals are all far away from the cell
center, the average of reported CQIs increases.

Function Impacts
RAT Function Function Reference Description
Name Switch

FDD DRX CellDrxPara. DRX and As DRX helps increase

DrxAlgSwitch Signaling the probability of CRS
Control transmission disabling,
enabling DRX will
make Breathing Pilot
offer higher gains.
If DRX parameters are
set for semi-persistent
scheduling, Breathing
Pilot does not take
effect. For details
about DRX parameter
configuration for
semi-persistent
scheduling, see DRX
and Signaling Control.
FDD Dynamic DRX CellAlgoSwit DRX and The DRX status of UEs
ch.DynDrxSw Signaling in dynamic DRX mode
itch Control will change after the
function of increasing
the CRS transmission
disabling rate is
enabled.
Consequently, the
L.Traffic.User.Unsyn.
Drx.Avg counter value
may also change. This
counter indicates the
average number of
UEs configured with
DRX parameters for
the out-of-
synchronization state
in a cell.

FDD SFN cell None SFN In SFN networking,

TDD interference between
intra-frequency cells
has been reduced. In
this scenario, the
gains offered by
Breathing Pilot will
decrease.

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RAT Function Function Reference Description

Name Switch

FDD DL 256QAM Dl256QamSw Modulation As Breathing Pilot

itch option of Schemes reduces inter-cell
the interference, enabling
CellAlgoSwit it will increase the
ch.Dl256Qam proportion of times
AlgoSwitch DL 256QAM is
parameter selected.

FDD Intelligent CellShutdow Energy Breathing Pilot offers

power-off of n.CellShutdo Conservation lower gains when the
carriers in the wnSwitch and Emission "intelligent power-off
same Reduction of carriers in the same
coverage coverage" function is
enabled.

FDD Basic symbol SymbolShutd Energy Breathing Pilot offers

power saving ownSwitch Conservation lower gains when the
option of the and Emission symbol power saving
ENodeBAlgoS Reduction function is enabled.
witch.PowerS
aveSwitch
parameter

FDD Automatic ADD_FREQ_C ANR When Breathing Pilot

neighboring FG_SW Management is enabled in a cell,
frequency option of the you are advised to
addition GlobalProcS turn off this switch on
based on X2 witch.X2Base the adjacent eNodeBs.
messages dUptNcellCfg If the switch is on, the
Switch frequency of this cell
parameter may be automatically
selected as a
neighboring frequency
by these eNodeBs and
the measurement of
this frequency may be
affected by Breathing
Pilot.

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RAT Function Function Reference Description

Name Switch

FDD Network- CellAlgoSwit Network If there are UEs that

assisted CRS ch.CrsIcSwitc Assisted support neighboring
interference h/ Interference cell CRS interference
cancellation, CellAlgoSwit Cancellation cancellation, the
or network- ch.NaicsSwitc interference may have
assisted h already been
interference mitigated. In this
cancellation situation, the User
and Downlink Average
suppression Throughput may
decrease after
Breathing Pilot is
enabled.

FDD TTI bundling TtiBundlingS VoLTE If UEs are working in

witch option TTI bundling mode,
of the they cannot enter
CellAlgoSwit DRX mode, lowering
ch.UlSchSwit the gains offered by
ch parameter Breathing Pilot.

FDD CA cell None Carrier After Breathing Pilot

Aggregation takes effect, SCell
RSRP measurements
by CA UEs will be
affected, leading to a
slight change in the
number of CA UEs in
a cell.
After the function of
increasing the CRS
transmission disabling
rate takes effect, data
allocation between
the PCell and SCells of
a CA UE will be
affected and the
downlink PRB usage
of the PCell and SCells
may fluctuate. In
inter-eNodeB CA in
relaxed backhaul
scenarios, the increase
in the average
downlink UE
throughput may be
lowered slightly.

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RAT Function Function Reference Description

Name Switch

FDD PDCCH CellPdcchAlg Physical Breathing Pilot

aggregation o.AggLvlSelSt Channel increases the dual-
level rageForDual Resource codeword reporting
adaptation CW Management probability. To reduce
the impact of PDCCH
DTX on network
performance in dual-
codeword scenarios, it
is recommended that
the
CellPdcchAlgo.AggLvl
SelStrageForDualCW
parameter be set to
STRATEGYBASEDON-
COVERAGE.

FDD Preallocation PreAllocation Scheduling As preallocation

Switch option increases the chances
of the of uplink scheduling,
CellAlgoSwit the CRS transmission
ch.UlSchSwit disabling rate will
ch parameter decrease after
Breathing Pilot is
enabled.

FDD Smart SmartPreAllo Scheduling If smart preallocation

preallocation cationSwitch is used in a cell, it is
option of the likely that UEs cannot
CellAlgoSwit enter DRX sleep state
ch.UlSchSwit and Breathing Pilot
ch parameter cannot be performed
in the cell.

FDD NSA NSA_DC_CAP NSA After Breathing Pilot is

networking ABILITY_SWI Networking enabled, the data
based on EPC TCH option of based on EPC volume of an NSA DC
the UE may be lower than
NsaDcMgmt the downlink data
Config.NsaDc volume threshold for
AlgoSwitch large-packet services
parameter and consequently this
UE is considered as a
non-large-packet UE.
As a result, the gains
brought by Breathing
Pilot are affected.

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RAT Function Function Reference Description

Name Switch

FDD RRU PA RE.PAEFFSWI RRU PA Breathing Pilot offers

efficiency TCH Efficiency lower gains when the
improvement Improvement RRU PA efficiency
improvement function
is enabled.

FDD Super None Super Breathing Pilot offers

combined cell Combined lower gains when the
Cell (FDD) Super Combined Cell
feature is enabled
because this feature
has reduced
interference between
intra-frequency cells.

FDD Short TTI SHORT_TTI_S Short TTI UEs scheduled in

W option of (FDD) short TTI mode do not
the support Breathing
CellShortTtiA Pilot.
lgo.SttiAlgoS
witch
parameter

FDD eMTC CellEmtcAlgo eMTC If both Breathing Pilot

introduction .EmtcAlgoSw and eMTC are
itch enabled, the CRS
transmission disabling
rate will decrease.
Breathing Pilot does
not work in an eMTC-
only cell.

3.3 Requirements

3.3.1 Licenses
RAT Feature ID Feature Model Sales Unit
Name

FDD LEOFD-111306 Breathing LT1SBREPLT00 Per Cell

Pilot

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3.3.2 Software

Prerequisite Functions
None

Mutually Exclusive Functions

Function Function Switch Reference
Name

RF channel RF_CHN_DYN_MUTING_SW Energy Conservation and

dynamic option of the CellRfChnDynMut- Emission Reduction
muting ing.RfChnDynMutingAlgoSwitch
parameter

CRS dynamic CRS_DYNAMIC_MUTING_SW Energy Conservation and

muting option of the Emission Reduction
SymbolPwrSaving.SymbolShutdo
wnEnhancedSw parameter
Dynamic CARRIER_DYN_SHUTDOWN_SW Energy Conservation and
carrier option of the Emission Reduction
shutdown CellShutdown.CarrierShutdownE
nhancedSw parameter

3.3.3 Hardware

Base Station Models

No requirements

Boards
All BBPs except the LBBPc support Breathing Pilot.

RF Modules
No requirements

Cells
The cell bandwidth is 5, 10, 15, or 20 MHz.

For FDD, this function can be used in 1T or 2T cells with one CRS port. It can also
be used in 2T cells with two CRS ports.

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

3.3.4 Networking
If the CellDlschAlgo.PilotOffRateIncreaseSw parameter is set to
BASED_ON_MEASUREMENT, eX2 interfaces are required for BBU interconnection.
For details, see eX2 Self-Management.

This function requires the one-way transmission delay over the eX2 interface to be
less than 8 ms.

3.3.5 Others
When this function is enabled, the measurement bandwidths need to be set for
the cells involved to ensure signal measurement accuracy. (If CRS transmission
disabling policy 1 is used and there are four CRS ports, it is not recommended that
the measurement bandwidths be set for neighboring cells.) Table 3-5 describes
the related parameters.

Table 3-5 Measurement bandwidth configuration

Parameter Name Parameter ID Parameter Value

Measurement CellResel.MeasBandWidt CFG

bandwidth hCfgInd
configure
indicator

Measurement CellResel.MeasBandWidt MBW6

bandwidth h

Measurement EutranInterNFreq.MeasB MBW6

bandwidth andWidth

Before deploying this feature on a live network, check UE compatibility on a test

network.

The following provides a general compatibility test procedure. For detailed

operations, contact Huawei engineers.

Step 1 Set up two cells, enable a UE to access one of them, enable the CRS transmission
disabling function, and set the measurement bandwidth in the serving cell to 1.4
MHz.

Step 2 Record the RSRP values of the serving and neighboring cells measured by the UE
in different modes in one minute. The following table provides an example.

Table 3-6 RSRP values of the serving and neighboring cells

UE Mode Neighboring RSRP Value of RSRP Value of the

Cell Status the Serving Cell Neighboring Cell

Idle mode CRS transmission Ms1 Mn1

disabling

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

UE Mode Neighboring RSRP Value of RSRP Value of the

Cell Status the Serving Cell Neighboring Cell

Connected mode, CRS transmission Ms2 Mn2

without load disabling

Connected mode, CRS transmission Ms3 Mn3

with full load disabling

Idle mode No CRS Ms4 Mn4

transmission
disabling

Connected mode, No CRS Ms5 Mn5

without load transmission
disabling

Connected mode, No CRS Ms6 Mn6

with full load transmission
disabling

----End
If differences between the serving cell's RSRP values or differences between the
neighboring cell's RSRP values are greater than or equal to 2 dB, the UE has
compatibility issues.
To avoid performance deterioration due to compatibility issues, increase the values
of the following parameters.

Parameter Name Parameter ID

CRS Fully Transmit Pre On Duration CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreODTtiNum

TTI Number

CRS Fully Transmit Post On Duration CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPostODTti-

TTI Number Num

CRS Fully Transmit Pre SIB Paging TTI CellDlschAlgo.CrsFullBwPreSibPa-

Number gingTtiNum

3.4 Operation and Maintenance

3.4.1 Data Configuration (FDD)

3.4.1.1 Data Preparation

Table 3-7 and Table 3-8 describe the parameters used for function activation and
optimization, respectively. This section does not describe parameters related to cell
establishment.

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Table 3-7 Parameters used for activation

Parameter Name Parameter ID Option Setting Notes

Breathing Pilot CellDlschAlgo.Br BreathingPilotS- Select this option.

Switch eathingPilotAlgo witch
Switch

Measurement CellResel.MeasBa None CFG

bandwidth ndWidthCfgInd
configure
indicator

Measurement CellResel.MeasBa None MBW6

bandwidth ndWidth

Downlink EARFCN EutranInterNFreq None Set this parameter

.DlEarfcn to the frequency
of the bandwidth
to be measured.

Measurement EutranInterNFreq None MBW6

bandwidth .MeasBandWidth

Table 3-8 Parameters used for optimization

Parameter Name Parameter ID Option Setting Notes

Pilot Off Strategy CellDlschAlgo.Pil PILOTOFFPORT_S Select this option.

otOffStrategy ELECT_SWITCH

CRS Fully CellDlschAlgo.Crs None 4

Transmit Pre On FullBwPreODTti
Duration TTI Num
Number

CRS Fully CellDlschAlgo.Crs None 7

Transmit Post On FullBwPostODTti
Duration TTI Num
Number

CRS Fully CellDlschAlgo.Crs None Set this parameter

Transmit Pre SIB FullBwPreSibPagi to 1. If this
Paging TTI ngTtiNum parameter is set
Number to 2 or 3, the
value 1 takes
effect.

NB PCCHCfg.Nb None QUARTERT

Uplink time TimeAlignmentTi None INFINITY

alignment timer mer.TimeAlignm
entTimer

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

Parameter Name Parameter ID Option Setting Notes

Timing Resource TimeAlignmentTi None ON

Optimization mer.TimingResO
Switch ptSwitch

Delta Offset CellUciOnPuschP None 9

Acknowledge ara.DeltaOffsetA
Index ckIndex

DL RSRP Auto NCellDlRsrpMeas None ON

NCell Para.DlRsrpAuto
Measurement NCellMeasSwitch
Switch

Pilot Off Rate CellDlschAlgo.Pil None BASED_ON_MEA

Increase Switch otOffRateIncrea- SUREMENT
seSw
SRI Algorithm CellPucchAlgo.Sri SriDetectEnhanc Select this option.
Switch AlgoSwitch eSW

Uplink schedule CellAlgoSwitch.U PuschDtxSwitch Select this option.

switch lSchSwitch
CQI Adjust CellAlgoSwitch.C PilotOffCqiAdjOp Select this option.
Algorithm Switch qiAdjAlgoSwitch tSwitch

Adaptive Pilot Off CellDlschAlgo.Ad None 0

PRB Thld aptPilotOffPrbTh
ld

3.4.1.2 Using MML Commands

Activation Command Examples

//Enabling Breathing Pilot
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: LocalCellId=101, BreathingPilotAlgoSwitch=BreathingPilotSwitch-1;
//Enabling measurement bandwidth configuration and setting an intra-frequency measurement bandwidth
MOD CELLRESEL: LocalCellId=101, MeasBandWidthCfgInd=CFG, MeasBandWidth=MBW6;
//In an intra-frequency neighboring cell, changing the measurement bandwidth
MOD CELLRESEL: LocalCellId=103, MeasBandWidthCfgInd=CFG, MeasBandWidth=MBW6;
//In an inter-frequency neighboring cell, changing the measurement bandwidth of EARFCN 1460 (the
working frequency of the cell with LocalCellId of 101)
MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ: LocalCellId=102, DlEarfcn=1460, MeasBandWidth=MBW6;

Optimization Command Examples

//Configuring a CRS transmission disabling policy
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: LocalCellId=101, PilotOffStrategy=PILOTOFFPORT_SELECT_SWITCH-1;
//Setting downlink TTI parameters related to wideband CRS transmissions
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: LocalCellId=101,
CrsFullBwPostODTtiNum=7,CrsFullBwPreODTtiNum=4,CrsFullBwPreSibPagingTtiNum=1;
//Setting the number of paging occasions to 1/4 of the paging cycle
MOD PCCHCFG: LocalCellId=101, Nb=QUARTERT;
//Configuring resources for uplink timing
MOD TATIMER: LocalCellId=101, TimeAlignmentTimer=INFINITY, TimingResOptSwitch=ON;
//Setting the Delta Offset Acknowledge Index parameter

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 3 Breathing Pilot

MOD CELLUCIONPUSCHPARA: LocalCellId=101,DeltaOffsetAckIndex=9;

//Enabling the function of increasing the CRS transmission disabling rate
MOD NCELLDLRSRPMEASPARA: LocalCellId=101, DlRsrpAutoNCellMeasSwitch=ON;
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: LocalCellId=101, PilotOffRateIncreaseSw=BASED_ON_MEASUREMENT;
//Turning on the switches related to the function of increasing the CRS transmission disabling rate to reduce
the negative impact of the prolonged sleep time in DRX mode on KPIs
MOD CELLPUCCHALGO: LocalCellId=101, SriAlgoSwitch=SriDetectEnhanceSW-1;
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=101, UlSchSwitch=PuschDtxSwitch-1;
//Turning on the CQI adaptation optimization switch for CRS transmission disabling
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=101, CqiAdjAlgoSwitch=PilotOffCqiAdjOptSwitch-1;
//Setting the Adaptive Pilot Off PRB Thld parameter
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: LocalCellId=101, AdaptPilotOffPrbThld=0;

Deactivation Command Examples

//Disabling Breathing Pilot
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: LocalCellId=101, BreathingPilotAlgoSwitch=BreathingPilotSwitch-0;
//Disabling measurement bandwidth configuration
MOD CELLRESEL: LocalCellId=101, MeasBandWidthCfgInd=NOT_CFG;
//In an inter-frequency neighboring cell, changing the inter-frequency measurement bandwidth to the
entire bandwidth, for example, 20 MHz
MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ: LocalCellId=102, DlEarfcn=1460, MeasBandWidth=MBW100;
//Changing the number of paging occasions to one paging cycle
MOD PCCHCFG: LocalCellId=101, Nb=ONET;

3.4.1.3 Using the MAE-Deployment

● Fast batch activation
This function can be batch activated using the Feature Operation and
Maintenance function of the MAE-Deployment. For detailed operations, see
the following section in the MAE-Deployment product documentation or
online help: MAE-Deployment Operation and Maintenance > MAE-
Deployment Guidelines > Enhanced Feature Management > Feature
Operation and Maintenance.
● Single/Batch configuration
This function can be activated for a single base station or a batch of base
stations on the MAE-Deployment. For detailed operations, see Feature
Configuration Using the MAE-Deployment.

3.4.2 Activation Verification

Observe the counter listed in Table 3-9. If the counter has a non-zero value,
Breathing Pilot has taken effect.

Table 3-9 Counters related to Breathing Pilot

Counter ID Counter Name

1526743747 L.Cell.PilotOffTti.Num

The CRS transmission disabling rate can be calculated using the following formula:

CRS transmission disabling rate = L.Cell.PilotOffTti.Num / (SP x 60 x 1000),

where SP denotes the L.Cell.PilotOffTti.Num reporting period (unit: minute).

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3.4.3 Network Monitoring

Observe the User Downlink Average Throughput before and after function
activation for benefit estimate.
Table 3-10 describes the counters used to monitor the performance of Breathing
Pilot.

Table 3-10 Counters related to Breathing Pilot

Counter ID Counter Name

1526728546 L.Traffic.User.Cdrx.Avg

1526727378 L.Traffic.User.Avg

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 4 Parameters

4 Parameters

The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of parameter documents match the

software version with which this document is released.

● Node Parameter Reference: contains device and transport parameters.

● eNodeBFunction Parameter Reference: contains all parameters related to
radio access functions, including air interface management, access control,
mobility control, and radio resource management.
● eNodeBFunction Used Reserved Parameter List: contains the reserved
parameters that are in use and those that have been disused.
NOTE

You can find the EXCEL files of parameter reference and used reserved parameter list for
the software version used on the live network from the product documentation delivered
with that version.

FAQ 1: How do I find the parameters related to a certain feature from

parameter reference?

Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of parameter reference.

Step 2 On the Parameter List sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and
choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, LOFD-001016 or
TDLOFD-001016.

Step 3 Click OK. All parameters related to the feature are displayed.

----End

FAQ 2: How do I find the information about a certain reserved parameter

from the used reserved parameter list?

Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of the used reserved parameter list.

Step 2 On the Used Reserved Parameter List sheet, use the MO, Parameter ID, and BIT
columns to locate the reserved parameter, which may be only a bit of a parameter.
View its information, including the meaning, values, impacts, and product version
in which it is activated for use.

----End

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 5 Counters

5 Counters

The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of performance counter reference match the
software version with which this document is released.
● Node Performance Counter Summary: contains device and transport counters.
● eNodeBFunction Performance Counter Summary: contains all counters related
to radio access functions, including air interface management, access control,
mobility control, and radio resource management.
NOTE

You can find the EXCEL files of performance counter reference for the software version used
on the live network from the product documentation delivered with that version.

FAQ: How do I find the counters related to a certain feature from

performance counter reference?

Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of performance counter reference.

Step 2 On the Counter Summary(En) sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text
Filters and choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, LOFD-001016 or
TDLOFD-001016.
Step 3 Click OK. All counters related to the feature are displayed.

----End

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 6 Glossary

6 Glossary

For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.

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Breathing Pilot Feature Parameter Description 7 Reference Documents

7 Reference Documents

1. 3GPP TS 36.321: "Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification"

2. DRX and Signaling Control
3. eX2 Self-Management
4. Idle Mode Management
5. VoLTE
6. Scheduling
7. Physical Channel Resource Management
8. RRU PA Efficiency Improvement
9. Modulation Schemes
10. Super Combined Cell (FDD)
11. NSA Networking based on EPC
12. ANR Management
13. Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction
14. Network Assisted Interference Cancellation
15. Carrier Aggregation
16. Short TTI (FDD)
17. SFN
18. eMTC

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