Practical Research 1 (Qualitative Research)

At the end of the lesson, you

will be able to:

1. Understand the content and

importance of writing Chapter 3.
2. Know the parts of Chapter 3.
3. Understand each part of Chapter 3
What is Chapter
3 all about?
Chapter 3 in qualitative research is primarily
focused on the methodology and methods
used in the study. It provides a detailed
account of how the research was conducted,
including the research design, data collection
techniques, data analysis procedures, and
ethical considerations.
What is Chapter
3 all about?
The chapter describes
how the data was gathered
how it was analyzed, and
how the researcher ensured the
trustworthiness of the findings.
Parts of Chapter 3
Research Design
Role of the Researchers
Research Participants
Data Collection
Data analysis
Trustworthiness
Credibility
Transferability
Conformability
Dependability
Ethical Considerations
Research Design
It is essential for understanding how
the study was conducted and the
rationale behind the chosen
methods. It provides the framework
for the study and ensures that the
research question is answered using
appropriate and rigorous methods.
 Role of
Researchers
This section is important for
understanding the researcher's
positionality, reflexivity, and
involvement in the research process. It
provides transparency and helps to
establish the credibility and
trustworthiness of the research
findings.
 Role of Researchers
•Describe your role as the researcher
•What are the things that you will possibly do being the
researcher?
- How will you interact with the participants?
- Will you do the actual gathering of information through
various methods?
- Will you do the interview etc?
- Will you formulate a program as part of the study?
- Are you the one who will transcribe?
 Research
Participants
It provides a detailed description of
the participants and their
involvement in the research process.
It helps to establish the credibility
and trustworthiness of the research
findings and ensures that the
participants' rights and interests are
protected.
 Research
Participants
•Who are the participants? – describe
•How many are they? (including basis
on determining their number)
•Why they are chosen as
participants? (the criteria in their
selection –be specific!)
 Research
Participants
Provides sampling method
How do you intend to identify
your participants?
Purposive Sampling
Sampling Design
Can be Snow-Ball Sampling
(Referral System)
Data Collection
It provides a detailed description of
how the researcher collected data,
the methods used, and the quality
assurance procedures employed. It
helps to establish the credibility and
trustworthiness of the research
findings and provides transparency
regarding the data collection process.
Data Collection
•All procedures to undergo to get the data
(interview, focus group discussion (FGD),
document analysis, observation, etc.)
•Enumerate ALL procedures
- Identifying participants
- Informing them (orientation)
- Preparation of materials etc..
•Provide a support why those procedures are
done
Data Collection
Procedures
IDI
FGD
Archives
Documents
Videos
Features
Photo Voice
Data Analysis
It provides a detailed description of how
the researcher analyzed the data
collected, the methods used, and the
quality assurance procedures employed.
It helps to establish the credibility and
trustworthiness of the research findings
and provides transparency regarding the
data analysis process.
Data Analysis
Input your data
May use software application to
generate categories:
*Hyperresearch
*Nvivo
*AtlasTI
*QADAS
Data Analysis
Hyperresearch- HyperRESEARCH gives you complete
access and control, with keyword coding, mind-
mapping tools, theory building and much more.

Nvivo- NVivo is a software program used for

qualitative and mixed-methods research.
Specifically, it is used for the analysis of unstructured
text, audio, video, and image data, including (but not
limited to) interviews, focus groups, surveys, social
media, and journal articles.
Data Analysis
ATLAS.ti can be used to uncover actionable insights
with intuitive and automatic research tools powered
by the latest AI and machine learning algorithms.
Built for every need: from basic analysis tasks to the
most in-depth research projects.

QADAS offers tools that assist with qualitative

research such as transcription analysis, coding and
text interpretation, recursive abstraction, content
analysis, discourse analysis, grounded theory
methodology, etc.
Coding of
Themes
The fewer themes, the
better.
3-7 themes (ideal)
Trustworthiness
Credibility
Transferability
Conformability
Dependability
Ethical
Considerations
Trustworthiness
Credibility
Transferability
Conformability
Dependability
Ethical Considerations

These parts of your Research

Paper helps to establish the
quality and rigor of the
research findings and provides
transparency regarding the
research process.
Trustworthiness:
This section describes the measures
taken to ensure that the study is
trustworthy, which refers to the
accuracy, consistency, and rigor of the
research findings. This may include
strategies such as member checking,
peer debriefing, and triangulation to
increase the credibility of the study.
Credibility:
This section explains how the researcher
established the credibility of the study by
demonstrating that the findings
accurately represent the participants'
experiences. This may involve providing
rich, detailed descriptions of the research
process and data analysis, as well as
engaging in reflexivity and addressing
potential biases.
Transferability:
This section describes the extent to
which the findings of the study can be
transferred to other contexts or
populations. The researcher may
discuss the characteristics of the
sample and the setting to help
readers assess the generalizability of
the findings.
Conformability:
Refers to the extent to which the study's
findings are grounded in the data rather
than influenced by the researcher's
biases or assumptions. This section may
describe how the researcher engaged in
reflexivity and addressed any potential
biases to ensure the conformability of
the findings.
Dependability:
This section explains how the researcher
ensured the dependability of the study
by establishing a clear and consistent
research process that could be
replicated by others. This may involve
documenting the research process and
data analysis procedures in detail.
 Ethical
considerations:
This section describes how the researcher
addressed ethical issues related to the
study, such as obtaining informed consent
from participants, ensuring confidentiality
and anonymity, and minimizing harm or
distress. The researcher may also discuss
how they obtained ethical approval from
relevant institutional review boards or
ethics committees.
Why is Chapter
3 important?
It is an important section of a
qualitative research report as it
provides a comprehensive overview
of the research methodology and
methods used in the study.
 Thank You
and Good luck
in writing your
Chapter 3!