Design of Roof Truss Rise = (1/3 to 1/5) of span

Q. Determine the D1, L.L and W.L per = 3m (Given in question)

panel point for the roof truss of the Step 1: - Preliminary Calculation of Roof
workshop shed construction at Truss
Ahmedabad for the following
i. Calculate slope & angle(α)
requirements 𝑅𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑅𝑖𝑠𝑒
∴ tan α = , α = tan-1( )
i. Span of roof truss = 15m 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛/2 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛/2
3
ii. Spacing of truss = 4m = tan-1( )
15/2
iii. Rise of truss = 3m α = 21.80
iv. Height of truss above the ground ii. Calculate inclined length of
level = 20 Principal rafter (P.R)
v. A.C.C sheets @ 150 N/m2 are used 𝑅𝑖𝑠𝑒
P.R = √𝑅𝑖𝑠𝑒 2 + ( )2
at roof covering 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛/2

vi. Assume weight of purlin and other = √32 + (7.5)2

fixtures = 120 N/m2 per panel area P.R = 8.07m
vii. Total no. of panels = 8 iii. Incline length of one panel by
viii. Opening of wall area = 10% assuming no. of panels
ix. Probable life of roof truss = 25 Inclined length of one panel =
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑃.𝑅 8.07
years, terrain category = 3 and class = m = 1.00m
𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 8
= A structures.
iv. Half Plan area
x. Topography = Plan horizontal 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛
Half plan area = * spacing of
ground and upload slope less than 2
15
3 degree. roof truss = ∗ 4 = 30m2
2
v. Half slope area
Solution: - Design procedure (Step Wise)
vi. Half slope area = length of P.R *
of Roof truss
spacing of roof truss = 8.07 * 4 =
From the span, roofing material decide 32.31m2
the type of roof trusses
Step 2: - Calculate Dead load (D.L) (Ref.
Span of tree is = 15m, so, IS875-1987 Pad 1)
𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛
Here, we have total 8 panels. Therefore, i. Weight of truss (w) = 10[ + 5]
3
on each side of truss, there will be 4 15
N/m2 = 10[ + 5] = 100 N/m2
panels. 3
∴ self wt. of R.T = 100 * 30 (on
Total no. of panels = 8 plan area) = 3000 N (equation. 1)

Calculate spacing of truss ii. Weight of wind bracing: -

= wt. of bracing * Plan area
Spacing of truss = (1/3 to 1/5) of span = 12 * 30 (Assume wt. of
= 4m (Given in question) bracing)
= 360 N (equation. 2)
Calculate pitch or Rise iii. Wt. of roof covering: -
 = wt. of sheet * slape area Vb = 39 m/sec
= 150 * 32.31 K1 = risk co-efficent
= 4846.5 N (equation. 3) ∴ K1 = 0.92
iv. Wt. of Purlin: - (80 to 120 N/m2) K2 = terran height and
= 120 N/m2 * Plan area of truss structure size co-efficient
= 120 * 30 = 3600 N (equation. 4) ∴K2 = 1.01
K3 = Topography factor
Total D.L = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
K3 = 1.0
D.L = 3000 + 360 + 4846.5 + 3600 Vz = Vb.K1.K2.K3
D.L = 11806.5 N Vz = 39 * 0.92 * 1.01 * 1
Vz = 36.23 m/sec
On one side of Each end panel point ii. Design wind pressure (Pz): -
𝐷.𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐼.𝑃.𝐷 2.45
(EPP) = = Pz = 0.6Vz2 = 0.6 * (36.22)2
2 2
Pz = 787.5 N/m2
D.L of EPP = 1.475 KN iii. Wind load (F): -
Step 3: - Calculate of Live load (L.L) [Ref, F = (Cpe ± Cpi) * A.Pz
IS875-1987 Part 2] Cpe = External pressure co-
efficient
i. Live load on purlin = 750 – (α -
Cpi = Internal pressure co-
10) * 20 N/m2
efficient
= 750 – (21.80 - 10) * 20 ℎ
= 514 N/m2 > 400 N/m2  Height to width ratio = =
𝑤
20
= 1.33
(If L.L on purlin is less than 400 N/m2, 15
take minimum equal, to 400 N/m2)  Α = 21.8°

∴ L.L of principal rafter = * 514 =

2 Wind angle α = 0°
3 EF Side: -
342.67 N/m2 (on plan area) α = 21.8°
∴ Total L.L = L.L of P.R * Plan area = Interpolation between 20° and
342.67 * 30 = 10280.1 N 30°
GH Side: -
∴ L.L on Intermediate Panel Point =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐿.𝐿 10280 α = 21.8°
= = 2570 N Cpe = -0.5
𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑠 4

𝐿.𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐼𝑃𝑃 Wind angle α = 90°

∴ L.L on End Panel point = = EG Side: -
2
2570
= 1285 N α = 21.8°
2
Cpe = -0.8
Step 4: - Calculate wind load (W.L) [Ref. FH Side: -
IS875-1987 Part 3] α = 21.8°
i. Design wind speed (V2): 10° -> 0.0 (difference)
Vz = Vb.K1.K2.K3 V6 = basic 1.8° -> -(0.036)
wind speed ∴ Cpe = -(0.6 + 0.036) = -0.636
For Ahmedabad, from fig. 1 or From four value of Cpe
Appendix-A of the code.
 Cpe = -0.8 (choose
maximum value)
Cpi = Internal pressure co-
efficient
Cpe = ± 0.5
F = (Cpe ± Cpi) * A.Pz (A
= slope area)
F = (-0.8 – 0.5) * 32.31 * 787.5
Total W.L, F = 33077.36 N
(-sign indicate suncteon)
Load Combination
 Dead load + Live load
 Dead load + Wind load
 Dead load + Live load +
Wind load