GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3171104
Semester – VII
Subject Name: Biomedical Electronics

Type of course: Program Elective Course

Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of Electronics Engineering

Rationale: With technological innovations there are many applications of Electronics Engineering in the
field of Biomedical. Therefore, the course is designed with the following objectives: (1) to provide an
understanding of Biomedical Applications of Electronics, (2) to develop the practical skills necessary to
build biomedical applications of electronics.

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Marks Total

L T P C Theory Marks Practical Marks Marks
ESE (E) PA (M) ESE (V) PA (I)
3 0 2 4 70 30 30 20 150

Content:

Sr. No. Content Total

Hrs

1 The Human Body and Basic concepts of Medical Instrumentation: Overview Cell 06
Structure, Body Fluids, Major Systems of the Body. Generalized Medical Electronics
System, Alternative Operational Modes, Medical Measurement Constraints, Classification
Of Biomedical Instruments, Design Criteria, Commercial Medical Instrumentation
Development Process

2 Fundamentals for bio-signal processing Measurement errors: 06

Types & Analysis Noise - Types, SNR, Noise Factor, Figure and Temperature, Noise in
Cascade Amplifiers, Noise Reduction Strategies Sensor - Types, Error Sources, Tactics
and Signals Processing for Improved Sensing, Matching Sensors to Circuit, Bioelectric
Amplifiers.

3 The Origin of Bio-potential Electrical activity of excitable cells: 03

Resting states, Active states, Network equivalent circuit of nerve/ skeletal fiber,
propagation of action potential.

4 Bio-potential Electrodes: 06
The Electrode-Electrolyte Interface, Polarization, Polarizable and Non-polarizable
Electrodes, Electrode Behavior and Circuit Models, The Electrode Skin Interface and
Motion Artifact, Body-Surface Recording Electrodes, Internal Electrodes, Electrode
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Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3171104
Arrays, Microelectrodes.

5 ECG, EEG, Anatomy & physiology: 12

Electro-Conduction System of the Heart, The ECG Waveform. The Standard Lead System,
ECG Noises, ECG Amplification and Signal Conditioning Circuits, ECG Readout
Devices, ECG machines and their maintenance, ECG machine faults & troubleshooting,
Ambulatory (Wearable) ECG Machines, Blood Pressure, characteristics of blood flow,
Heart Sound, Pulse and Oxygen saturation measurements, Organization of the Nervous
System, the Neuron, Instrumentation for Brain Function Measurement,
Electroencephalography: Neuron Membrane Potentials, EEG Electrodes and the 10- 20
System, EEG Amplitude and Frequency Bands, EEG Diagnostic Uses and Sleep Patterns,
EEG System Block Diagram

6 X-Ray, CT-Scan, Ultrasonic and MRI: 06

Principles and designs of : X-Rays, Ultrasonic Equipment, Computer aided Tomography -
Scan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging

7 Electrical Safety and Standards : 03

Physiological effects of electricity, Important susceptibility parameters, distribution of
electric power, Macro shock hazards, Electrical- Safety codes and standards, basic
approaches to protection against shock, power distribution protection, equipment
protection

8 Active learning assignments: 03

A small group of 2-4 students study any one latest and current topic of research from
Biomedical Engineering Journals focusing on any one research paper. They should
understand and analyze the latest trends in the area of the selected topic and prepare and
present power-point slides, which may include videos, animations, pictures, and graphics
for better understanding of the topic. The faculty will guide and help the students in
identifying the topic of research.
Total 45

Suggested Specification table with Marks (Theory): (For BE only)

Distribution of Theory Marks (100)

R Level U Level A Level N Level E Level C Level

10 30 30 20 5 5

Legends: R: Remembrance; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C:

Create and above Levels (Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy)

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3171104

Note: This specification table shall be treated as a general guideline for students and teachers. The actual
distribution of marks in the question paper may vary slightly from above table.

Reference Books:

1. Joseph J. Carr and John M. Brown, “Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology”, Pearson
Education.

2. John. G. Webster, “Medical Instrumentation- Application and Design”, John Wiley & Sons.

3. R.S. Khandpur,”Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation”, Mc Graw Hill.

4. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J.Weibell, “Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements”, PHI

5. Willis J. Tompkins,”Biomedical Digital Signal Processing”, Prentice-Hall of India.

6. Suresh R. Devashahayan,”Signals and Systems in Biomedical Engineering”, Kluwer academics/ Plenum

publication.

Course Outcomes:

Sr. CO statement: Marks % weightage

No.
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
CO-1 Understand characterize anatomy and physiology of important 30 %
physiological system of human body and vital sign medical parameters
CO-2 Use and analyse electronic instruments for measurement of vital sign 40 %
medical parameters
CO-3 Design electronic instruments for measurement of vital sign medical 20 %
parameters
CO-4 Implement the electric safety of the medical instruments 10%

List of Experiments / Assignments:

Various biomedical signal measurement, acquisition, digital-recording, and computer analysis based
experiments can be performed depending upon the availability of the equipment

Suggested List of Practical:

(1) Acquisition of ECG Signal and understanding ECG lead systems practically
(2) Analysis of various waveforms (P-Q-R-S-T) and wave boundaries of ECG Signal
(3) QRS detection using Pan Tompkins Algorithm
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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3171104
(4) Acquisition of EEG Signal and understanding EEG lead systems practically
(5) Analysis of various bands of waves of EEG (alpha, beta, gamma, theta, delta)
(6) Measurement of Pulse and Oxygen Saturation using Pulse Oximeter
(7) Study of various parameters of instrumentation amplifiers for amplification of biomedical signals
(8) Design project for any biomedical application of electronics
(9) Study of various biomedical images from the online datasets
(10) Study of various physiological signals from the online datasets
(11) Any other practical relevant to the course that may be feasible

Major Equipment:

(1) Bio potential and biomedical signal acquisition system, (2) Pulse Oximeter, (3) Instrumentation
amplifiers and bio-potential electrodes, (4) Computers with Scilab or Matlab software installed for some
practical of signal and image analysis

List of Open Source Software / learning website:

(1) https://physionet.org/about/database/ [Visited on 08-08-2020]

(2) https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/105/108105101/ [Visited on 08-08-2020]
(3) https://freevideolectures.com/course/3318/ece5030-biomedical-electronics/ [also available on You-Tube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thCFMeB8pHM&list=PLKcjQ_UFkrd7zbPHRkDpB7i113wDG_Rb3
Visited on 08-08-2020]

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