Plant form and Functions 3 types of the Plant cells

1. Parenchyma
- Functional cell
Plant - belong the Kingdom Plantae. - a plant cell that have a very thin cell
- any multicellular eukaryotic life form walls, its repair , photosynthesis, storage, secretion,
characterized by photosynthetic nutrition and cells buoyancy etc.
contain Cellulose. 2. Collenchyma
- a soft support cells.
Photosynthetic Nutrition – (a characteristic possessed - It has uneven cell walls, important for
by all plants except some parasitic plants and growing parts of plant support and structural integrity
underground orchids), in which chemical energy is with flexibility.
produced from water, minerals, carbon dioxide with the 3. Sclerenchyma
aid of pigments and radiant energy of the sun. - Hard support cells
- It has thick cell walls, usually dead at

maturity it the hardcore of the plant and protection.

2 type of plants
1. Vascular Plants - a plants that use stems and veins to
transport food and water. 4 Major Types of Plant Tissues
( example: trees, flowers and, etc. ) 1. Epidermal Tissues
2. Nonvascular plants – plants with no roots, stems, or - Outer covering of the plants
leaves. - protects against water loss, regulates gas
( examples: mosses , liverworts and algae) exchange, secretes substances and absorbs water and
nutrients.
Parts of Epidermal Tissues
● Cuticle – shiny film of crabs and lipids that
prevents water loss and allows it to slide
off leaf and to the ground.
● Trichomes - small growth that perform
many different functions, including
increasing surface area or warding off
herbivores.
● Stomata - regulates gas exchange and
contributes to water regulation.
2. Vascular Tissue
- Food and water transport
- Ensures that food and water is delivered to
all the cells of the plant.

2 Type of vascular tissue

1. Xylem - transport water
 2. Phloem - transport food 3. Marcotting – make the stem grow roots by cutting
3. Ground Tissue the epidermal tissue and putting soil on it before
- Fleshy bits cutting it.
- Horizontal transport of food and water and
for photosynthesis. Flowering plants Reproduction
3 Types of Ground Tissue Flowers – are the reproductive organs of flowing
plants.
a. Pitch Parts of the flowers
– Innermost region of spongy parenchyma Stamen – male parts of the flowers.
cell it’s for storage and transport.
Dicots - seen in the stem ● Anther – holds the pollen grains
Monocots – pitch extend from shoots to the ● Filament- a tube that hold the
roots.
b. Cortex anther.
– a ring of parenchyma cells above the vascular ● Pollen – serves as the male gametes.
systems, beneath the epidermis. Pistil – female parts of the flowers.
- Storage and transport in vascular and epidermal
tissues. ● Stigma - catches the pollen
c. Mesosphyll ● Style – a tube that connected to
- catches sunlight for photosynthesis
4. Meristematic Tissue the ovary.
- Dividing and growing ● Ovary – contain female the ovules.
- Tissue made of actively dividing; undifferentiated cells
division of cells causes growth of plant ● Ovules – serves as the female
3 Types of Meristematic Tissue gametes of the plants and become
a. Apical meristem – found in shoots and roots, seeds.
responsible for height and depth of the plants (primary Monoecious – plants have both male and female sex.
growth). Dioecious – plants only have one sex.
b. Lateral meristem – found on the sides of plants
responsible for thickness (secondary growth). Process of plants reproduction
c. Intercalary meristem- only in monocots, in the Pollination
middle of the plants, at leaf bases and between nodes. – Pollen must be brought to the pistil with the
It has multiple nodes for the quick re growth. help of pollinators (animals and wind).
Types of Pollination
a. Self Pollination – same plants
b. Cross Pollination - different plants

Plants Reproduction Seeds – are the armored transports of the plants.

- store food for the baby plant.
Seedless plants - no seeds, just spores.
Seed coat – protects the seed
Gymnosperms – got seeds but no flowers.
Angiosperms – got seed and flower.

Natural Vegetative Reproduction

1. Plantlets - buds from the leaves.
2. Tuber buds – like in potatoes.
3. Rhizome buds – spread sideways underground.
4. Stolons – spread sideways above ground.

Artificial Vegetative Reproduction

1. Grafting - attach one stem to another
2. Cutting – Cut a part of the stem and plants it
straight