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Jhonil P. Cacho BT203

The document provides instructions for installing Linux using various methods such as from a CD-ROM, USB stick, or virtual machine software. It explains how to boot from these media, select installation options like keyboard layout and package selection, choose where to install Linux, create login credentials, and complete the installation process. Software maintenance is also briefly discussed, including checking logs for errors, configuring scripts to run routinely from cron, and designating administrative email addresses for system issues.

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janjan cacho
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44 views4 pages

Jhonil P. Cacho BT203

The document provides instructions for installing Linux using various methods such as from a CD-ROM, USB stick, or virtual machine software. It explains how to boot from these media, select installation options like keyboard layout and package selection, choose where to install Linux, create login credentials, and complete the installation process. Software maintenance is also briefly discussed, including checking logs for errors, configuring scripts to run routinely from cron, and designating administrative email addresses for system issues.

Uploaded by

janjan cacho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Jhonil P.

Cacho BT203

SOFTWARE INSTALLATION

Linux is an open source and free operating system to install which allows
anyone with programming knowledge to modify and create its own
operating system as per their requirements. Over many years, it has
become more user-friendly and supports a lot of features such as

1. Reliable when used with servers

2. No need of antivirus

3. A Linux server can run nonstop with the boot for many years.

It has many distributions such as Ubuntu, Fedora, Redhat, Debian but all
run on top of Linux server itself. Installation of every distribution is similar,
thus we are explaining Ubuntu here. So let’s get started using this
wonderful operating system by any of the following methods.

A.Install Linux Using CD-ROM or USB Stick

Download .iso or the ISO files on a computer from the internet and store it
in the CD-ROM or USB stick after making it bootable using Pen Drive Linux
and UNetBootin

1. Boot into the USB Stick

You need to restart your computer after attaching CD –ROM or pen drive
into the computer. Press enter at the time of boot, here select the CD-ROM
or pen drive option to start the further boot process. Try for a manual boot
setting by holding F12 key to start the boot process. This will allow you to
select from various boot options before starting the system. All the options
either it is USB or CD ROM or number of operating systems you will get a
list from which you need to select one.

• Set the keyboard layout.


• Now you will be asked What apps would you like to install to start with
Linux? The two options are ‘Normal installation’ and ‘Minimal installation’.

2. Derive Selection

Select the drive for installation of OS to be completed. Select “Erase Disk


and install Ubuntu” in case you want to replace the existing OS otherwise
select “Something else” option and click INSTALL NOW.

3. Start Installation

• A small panel will ask for confirmation. Click Continue in case you
don’t want to change any information provided. Select your location on the
map and install Linux.

• Provide the login details.

4. Complete the installation process

• After the installation is complete you will see a prompt to restart the
computer.

• You can also download drivers of your choice through the System
Settings menu. Just follow these steps:

• Additional Drivers > select the graphics driver from the list.

• Many useful drivers will be available in the list, such as Wi-Fi drivers.

There are many other options also available to use and install Linux.

B. Install Linux Using Virtual Box VMWARE

In this way, nothing will affect your Windows operating system.

What are Requirements?

• Good internet connection


• At least 4GB RAM

• At least 12GB of free space

Steps:

1. Download the VIRTUAL BOX from original ORACLE VIRTUAL BOX


site. You can refer below link

https://www.virtualbox.org/

2. Install Linux Using Virtual Box.

Software Maintenance :

Throughout this book, we will mainly deal with installation and configuration
issues. Administration is, however, much more than that—after setting up a
service, you have to keep it running, too. For most services, only a little
attendance will be necessary, while some, like mail and news, require that
you perform routine tasks to keep your system up to date. We will discuss
these tasks in later chapters.

The absolute minimum in maintenance is to check system and per-


application log files regularly for error conditions and unusual events. Often,
you will want to do this by writing a couple of administrative shell scripts
and periodically running them from cron. The source distributions of some
major applications, like inn or C News, contain such scripts. You only have
to tailor them to suit your needs and preferences.

The output from any of your cron jobs should be mailed to an administrative
account. By default, many applications will send error reports, usage
statistics, or log file summaries to the root account. This makes sense only
if you log in as root frequently; a much better idea is to forward root’s mail
to your personal account by setting up a mail alias as described in Chapter
19 or Chapter 18.

However carefully you have configured your site, Murphy’s law guarantees
that some problem will surface eventually. Therefore, maintaining a system
also means being available for complaints. Usually, people expect that the
system administrator can at least be reached via email as root, but there
are also other addresses that are commonly used to reach the person
responsible for a specific aspect of maintenence. For instance, complaints
about a malfunctioning mail configuration will usually be addressed to
postmaster, and problems with the news system may be reported to
newsmaster or usenet. Mail to hostmaster should be redirected to the
person in charge of the host’s basic network services, and the DNS name
service if you run a name server.

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