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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

IOT BASED SMART ENERGY MONITORING

Abhiraj Prashant Hiwale1, Deepak Sudam Gaikwad2, Akshay Ashok Dongare3, Prathmesh
Chandrakant Mhatre4

1,2,3,4 Student: BE in EXTC Engineering, DILKAP College, Neral, Maharashtra, India.

---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - This project describes the digitization of load Smart energy meter using Wi-Fi system is designed based on
energy usage readings over the internet. The proposed system three major objectives. They are :-
design eliminates the involvement of human in electricity
maintenance. The user can monitor energy consumption in 1. To provide automated load energy reading over an
watts from a webpage by providing a channel id for the load. immediate basis.
The Webpage utilizes the THINGSPEAK analytics to analyze 2. To use the electricity in an optimized manner.
the energy usage to give more detailed description and
visualization of the energy usage statistics. Wi-Fi unit 3. Reduce the power wastage.
performs IOT operation by sending energy data of the load to
the webpage which can be accessed through the channel id of The system basically can be classified on the basis of service
the device. In the proposed system, consumer can do power ends in two ways:-
management by knowing energy usage time to time. This
proposed system utilizes an Arduino microcontroller. The unit 1. Consumer end
which is generated can be displayed on the webpage through
the Wi-Fi module. 2. Service end.

Key Words: Current sensor, 16*2 LCD Display, Arduino The data from the system is displayed on a webpage which
Nano Board, ESP 8266 Wi-Fi Module can be accessed by the consumer.

1. INTRODUCTION The system is designed on an Arduino micro

controller [2]. It can be structurally differentiated into three
The Internet of things (IOT) concept enables us to connect parts viz., controller, theft detection circuit and a WiFi unit.
the normal day to day devices with each other over the The controller performs the basic calculations and processes
internet. The devices connected through IOT concept can be the information. Theft detection circuit provides information
analysed remotely. The IOT concept provides the basic about any extra or theft load energy reading and the most
infrastructure and opportunities to form a connection important role is played by the Wi-Fi unit to send the
between the physical world and computer based systems. information from the controller over the Internet. The
The concept has been gaining importance with more and Arduino controller is programmed on the Arduino software
more wireless devices that are increasing rapidly in the IDE ( Integrated Development Environment) which is a pre-
market. hardware devices are connected with each other requisite to operate on the Arduino board. Its code is
over the internet. The ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module used in the derivative of the C language [4].
system provides the connectivity with the internet in the
system [1]. 2. LITERATURE SURVEY

Now-a-days the demand for electricity is increasing [1] "Landi, C.; Dipt. di Ing. dell''Inf., Seconda Univ. di Napoli,
at a constant rate in the population and is being utilized for Aversa, Italy ; Merola, P. ; Ianniello, G", "ARM-based
various purposes viz, agriculture, industries, household management system using smart meter and Web
purposes, hospitals etc.,. So, it is becoming more and more server",2011.
complicated to handle the electricity maintenance and
requirements. Therefore there is an immediate requirement In this paper they described such as a low cost real-time
to save as much electricity as possible. As the demand from ARM-based energy management system is proposed. It is
the newer generations of population for electricity is conceived as part of a distributed system that measures the
increasing so in along with it the technology improvement is main power system quantities and give the possibility to
needed. The proposed system provides a technical twist to manage the whole power plant. An integrated Web Server
the normal energy meters using the IOT technology. Also allow to collect the statistics of power consumptions, power
there are other issues that we have to address such as power quality and is able to interface devices for load displacement.
theft which in turn generate economic loss to the nation. The device is characterized by easy access to the information
Monitoring, Optimized power usage and reduction of power and the combination of a smart meter and data
wastage are the major objectives that lie ahead for a better communication capability allow local and remote access. In
system [3]. this way it is possible to manage the power consumption of

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2522
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

the power system leading to an overall reduction in side. Wi-Fi unit performs the IoT operation by sending
consumption and costs. energy meter data to web page which can be accessed
through IP address.
[2] "Garrab, A.; Bouallegue, A.; Ben Abdallah" , "A new AMR
approach for energy saving in Smart Grids using Smart 3. BLOCK DETAILS
Meter and partial Power Line Communication" , 2012.
The smart electricity meter using Wi-Fi module can be
In this paper they described such as the growing easily described in two parts. The first part being the
demand of energy, the capacity limitations of energy physical part and second one being the Webpage. It consists
management, one-way communication, the need of an of the Arduino Nano Board, ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module (Node
interoperability of the different standards, the security of the MCU), 16*2 LCD display, buzzer and power supply.
communication and the greenhouse gas emissions, leads to
emerge a new infrastructure grid: Smart Grid. Smart Meters 3.1 Block Diagram
are one of the proposed solutions for the Smart Grid. In this
paper, an AMR solution which provides enhanced end-to-end
application. It is based on an energy meter with low-power
microcontroller MSP430FE423A and the Power Line
Communication standards. The microcontroller includes an
energy metering module ESP430CEl. The aim of this work is
to realize a real time pricing thanks to the proposed
communication infrastructure. This solution is with great
interest in economical and low carbon society point of view.

[3] "B. S. Koay, S. S. Cheah, Y. H. Sng, P. H. Chong, P. Shum, Y.

C. Tong, X. Y. Wang, Y. X. Zuo and H. W. Kuek" , "Design
and implementation of Bluetooth energy meter", 2012.

In this paper they described such as Presently

electronics energy measurement is continuously replacing
existing technology of electro-mechanical meters especially
in China and India. By the year 2004, digital meter has start
replacing electromechanical meters in Singapore. A wireless
digital energy meter would definitely offer greater Fig -1: Block Diagram of the system
convenience to the meter reading task. Bluetooth technology
is chosen as a possible wireless solution to this issue. In this 4. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATIONS
paper, we present the design and implementation issues of a
Bluetooth-enabled energy meter. The energy reader can 4.1 Current sensor
collect the energy consumption reading from the energy
meter wirelessly based on Bluetooth. The Allegro® ACS712 provides economical and
precise solutions for AC or DC current sensing in industrial,
[ ] Darshan Iyer N, Dr. KA Radhakrishna Rao M Tech. commercial, and communications systems. The device
student, Dept. of ECE ,PES College of Engineering, package allows for easy implementation by the customer.
Mandya, Karnataka, India , IoT Based Energy Meter The device is not intended for automotive applications.
Reading, Theft Detection and Disconnection using PLC
modem and Power optimization , Vol. , Issue 7, July The device consists of a precise, low-offset, linear
2015. Hall circuit with a copper conduction path located near the
surface of the die. Applied current flowing through this
This paper describes PIC18F46k22 Microcontroller copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which the
based design and implementation of energy meter using IoT Hall IC converts into a proportional voltage. Device accuracy
concept. The proposed system design eliminates the human is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic
involvement in Electricity maintenance. The Buyer needs to signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage
pay for the usage of electricity on schedule, in case that he is provided by the low-offset, chopper-stabilized BiCMOS
couldn’t pay, the electricity transmission can be turned off Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy after packaging.
autonomously from the distant server. The user can monitor
the energy consumption in units from a web page by The output of the device has a positive slope
providing device IP address. Theft detection unit connected (>VIOUT(Q)) when an increasing current flows through the
to energy meter will notify company side when meter primary copper conduction path (from pins 1 and 2, to pins 3
tampering occurs in energy meter and it will send theft and 4), which is the path used for current sampling. The
detect information through PLC modem and theft detected internal resistance of this conductive path is . mΩ typical,
will be displayed on the terminal window of the company providing low power loss.

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2523
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4.4 16*2 LCD display

LCD (Liquid crystal display) screen is an electronic display

module and finds a wide range of applications. 16*2 display
means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2
such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5*7
pixel matrix.

The 11, 12, 13 and 14 pins of the display are used as data
pins for Arduino interfacing. It is used to display the wattage.
Fig -2: Current Sensor

4.2 Arduino Nano board

Arduino is a microcontroller board and it is based

on the AT mega 328P . It consists of 14 digital I/O pins and 6
analog input pins and a crystal oscillator of 16 MHz
frequency, a power supply jack and a USB port to dump the
code, ICSP header and a reset button. It can be powered with
the power jack at the start and later can be powered with AC
to DC adapter or with a battery. Fig -5: 16*2 LCD display

5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Two circuit diagrams have been used in the project. The

circuit diagrams are as follows:-

5.1 Power Supply Unit Circuit Diagram:

Fig -3: Arduino Nano board

4.3 ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module (Node MCU)

The ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module is a low cost component

with which manufacturers are making wirelessly
networkable microcontroller module. ESP 8266 WiFi module
is a system-on-a-chip with capabilities for 2.4GHz range. It
employs a 32 bit RISC CPU running at 80 MHz. It is based on
the TCP/IP (Transfer control protocol) [3]. It is the most
important component in the system as it performs the IOT Fig -6: Power Supply Unit Circuit Diagram
operation. It has 64 kb boot ROM, 64 kb instruction RAM, 96
kb data RAM. 5.2 Schematic Diagram:

Wi-Fi unit performs IOT operation by sending energy

meter data to webpage which can be accessed through IP
address. The TX, RX pins are connected to the 7 and 8 pins of
the Arduino microcontroller.

Fig -4: ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module (Node MCU) Fig -7: Schematic Diagram

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2524
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

6. FLOWCHART 9. THINGSPEAK GRAPHIC INTERFACE

The Internet of Things provides access to a broad

range of embedded devices and web services. ThingSpeak is
an open data platform and API for the IoT that enables you to
collect, store, analyze, visualize, and act on data from sensors
or actuators, such as Arduino, BeagleBone Black, and other
hardware. For example, with ThingSpeak you can create
sensor-logging applications, location-tracking applications,
and a social network of things with status updates, so that
you could have your home thermostat control itself based on
your current location. The primary element of ThingSpeak
activity is the channel, which contains data fields, location
fields, and a status field. After ThingSpeak channel is created,
you can write data to the channel, process and view the data
with MATLAB® code, and react to the data with tweets and
other alerts. The typical ThingSpeak workflow lets you:

1. Create a Channel and collect data

2. Analyze and visualize the data

10. RESULT

Firstly we have to switch on the mains. Current sensor

7. WEB PAGE senses the power utilized by the load. Which gives output in
analog form. The output of the sensor is supplied as input to
The proposed system can be used to display load
the analog input part in the Arduino Nano Board. Arduino
energy usage reading in terms of Watts. Every user would be
board has inbuilt analog to digital convertor which converts
able to access the information from anywhere on the earth.
analog input of power to digital output. This digital output is
Thingspeak.com is one such webpage which takes the help of
displayed on LCD display in form of Watts as shown in Image
the MathWorks MATLAB analytics to present the device
-1 below. There is a set point value; when the power utilized
information in a more detailed analysis in both description
by the load exceeds the set point value LCD displays Theft
and visualization. Thingspeak.com provides the user the
detected as shown in the Image -2 below.
ability to add any number of channels to one account and in
each account information can be fed into 8 fields [7]. An The Node MCU is used to connect internet with the
account can be assigned to one division of an area and n monitoring hardware system. The power utilized by the load
channels can be created to a suite of n meters in the locality. is displayed in the cloud viz, ThingSpeak cloud in graphical
The analytics can be viewed by both the consumer and format as shown in the Chart -1 and Chart -2 below. It shows
service provider. time to time power utilization of the load/loads connected to
the system.
8. PROBLEM STATEMENT
The conventional methods which are in use today
like SMS are costly. Since IOT is cost effective compared to
SMS, monitoring of energy usage at lower cost is made
possible. Daily consumption reports are generated which can
be monitored by user through Android application and/or
web portal. The system is more reliable and accurate reading
values are collected from energy using devices. Live readings
of devices can be viewed using Android application. Also, the
readings can be viewed online. The human interference is
avoided and all the values are kept maintained in the central
server. The communication medium is secure and tampering
of energy meters or theft of electricity can be identified
easily. If an error occurs in the system, the value in the
central server will not be updated. Since the values are
stored in the central database, the reports are made
accessible from anywhere in the world. Also, the server is
online 24x 7 [4].

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2525
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

[4] (2017 Jan. 31) ACS712 [Online] Available:

https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/BreakoutBoards
/0712.pdf

[5] (2008 Oct. 29) Specifications of LCD [Online] Available:

https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/LCD/ADM1602K
-NSW-FBS-3.3v.pdf

[6] (2013 April 15) ArduinoNano (V2.3) [Online] Available:

https://www.arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/ArduinoNan
oManual23.pdf

[7] (2014 March 19) ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module [Online]

Available: https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-
files/2471/0A-ESP8266__Datasheet__EN_v4.3.pdf

11. CONCLUSION
Energy Monitoring using IOT is an
innovative application of internet of things developed to
control home appliances remotely over the cloud from
anywhere in the world. In the proposed project current
sensor is used to sense the current and display it on internet
using IoT. The system updates the information in every 1 to
2 seconds on the internet using public cloud THINGSPEAK.

In the present system, energy load consumption is

accessed using Wi-Fi and it will help consumers to avoid
unwanted use of electricity. IoT system where a user can
monitor energy consumption and pay the bill Online can be
made. Also, a system where a user can receive SMS, when
he/she crosses threshold of electricity usage slab can be
equipped. We can make a system which can send SMS to the
concerned meter reading man of that area when theft is
detected at consumer end. Also using cloud analytics we can
predict future energy consumptions.

12. REFERENCES
[1] Landi, C.; Dipt. di Ing. dell''Inf., Seconda Univ. di Napoli,
Aversa, Italy ; Merola, P. ; Ianniello, G, ARM-based energy
management system using smart meter and Web server ,
IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology
Conference Binjiang, pp. 1 – 5, May 2011

[ ] Garrab, A.; Bouallegue, A.; Ben Abdallah, A new AMR

approach for energy saving in Smart Grids using Smart
Meter and partial Power Line Communication , IEEE First
International Conference on Renewable Energies and
Vehicular Technology (REVET), pp. 263 – 269, march
2012

[ ]Darshan Iyer N, Dr. KA Radhakrishnan Rao, IoT Based

Energy Meter Reading, Theft Detection & disconnection
using PLC modem and Power optimization ,IRJET,
(2015)

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2526