CONTENTS

SL.NO PARTICULARS PAGE.NO

1 ABSTRACT 2

2 INTRODUCTION 3

3 BACKGROUND OF COMPUTING 6
TECHNOLOGY
4 DEFINATION OF EDGE COMPUTING 9

5 ARCHITECTURE OF EDGE COMPUTING 12

6 APPLICATIONS OF EDGE COMPUTING 14

7 BENEFITS OF EDGE COMPUTING 15

8 CHALLENGES OF EDGE COMPUTING 17

9 CASE STUDIES 18

10 FUTURE OF EDGE COMPUTING 22

11 CONCLUSION 25

12 REFERENCES 26
2 EDGE COMPUTING

ABSTRACT

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) and the success of rich cloud services

have pushed the horizon of a new computing paradigm, edge computing, which

calls for processing the data at the edge of the network.

Edge computing has the potential to address the concerns of response time

requirement, battery life constraint, bandwidth cost saving, as well as data safety

and privacy. In this paper, we introduce the definition of edge computing, followed

by several case studies, ranging from cloud offloading to smart home and city, as

well as collaborative edge to materialize the concept of edge computing.

Finally, we present several challenges and opportunities in the field of edge

computing, and hope this paper will gain attention from the community and inspire

more research in this direction.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
3 EDGE COMPUTING

INTRODUCTION

Internet of Things (IoT) was first introduced to the community in 1999 for supply chain management, and

then the concept of "making a computer sense information without the aid of human intervention" was

widely adapted to other fields such as healthcare, home, environment, and transports.

Now with IoT, we will arrive in the post-cloud era, where there will be a large quality of data generator

by things that are immersed in our daily life, and a lot of applications will also be deployed at the edge to

consume these data.

Some IoT applications might require very short response time, some might involve private data, and some

might produce a large quantity of data which could be a heavy load for networks. Cloud computing is not

efficient enough to support these applications. With the push from cloud services and pull from IoT, we

envision that the edge of the network is changing from data consumer to data producer as well as data

consumer. In this paper, we attempt to contribute the concept of edge computing. We start from the

analysis of why we need edge computing, then we give our definition and vision of edge computing.

Several case studies like cloud offloading, smart home and city as well as collaborative edge are

introduced to further explain edge computing in a detailed manner, followed by some challenges and

opportunities in programmability, naming, data abstraction, service management, privacy and security, as

well as optimization metrics that are worth future.

WHAT IS EDGE COMPUTING

Edge computing is an emerging computing paradigm which refers to a range of networks and devices at

or near the user. Edge is about processing data closer to where it’s being generated, enabling processing at

greater speeds and volumes, leading to greater action-led results in real time.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
4 EDGE COMPUTING

It offers some unique advantages over traditional models, where computing power is centralized

at an on-premise data center. Putting compute at the edge allows companies to improve how they

manage and use physical assets and create new interactive, human experiences. Some examples

of edge use cases include self-driving cars, autonomous robots, smart equipment data and

automated retail.

Possible components of edge include:

Edge devices: We already use devices that do edge computing every day—like smart speakers,

watches and phones – devices which are locally collecting and processing data while touching

the physical world. Internet of Things (IoT) devices, point of sales (POS) systems, robots,

vehicles and sensors can all be edge devices—if they compute locally and talk to the cloud.

Network edge: Edge computing doesn’t require a separate “edge network” to exist (it could be

located on individual edge devices or a router, for example). When a separate network is

involved, this is just another location in the continuum between users and the cloud and this is

where 5G can come into play. 5G brings extremely powerful wireless connectivity to edge

computing with low latency and high cellular speed, which brings exciting opportunities like

autonomous drones, remote telesurgery, smart city projects and much more. The network edge

can be particularly useful in cases where it is too costly and complicated to put compute on

premises and yet high responsiveness is required (meaning the cloud is too distant).

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
5 EDGE COMPUTING

On-premises infrastructure: These are for managing local systems and connecting to the

network and could be servers, routers, containers, hubs or bridges.

WHY IS EDGE COMPUTING IMPORTANT?

Much of today’s computing already happens at the edge in places like hospitals, factories and retail

locations, processing the most sensitive data and powering critical systems that must function reliably and

safely. These places require solutions with low latency that do not need a network connection. What

makes edge so exciting is the potential it has for transforming business across every industry and

function, from customer engagement and marketing to production and back-office operations. In all cases,

edge helps make business functions proactive and adaptive often in real-time leading to new, optimized

experiences for people.

Edge allows businesses to bring the digital world into the physical. Bringing online data and algorithms

into brick-and-mortar stores to improve retail experiences. Creating systems that workers can train and

situations where workers can learn from machines. Designing smart environments that look out for our

safety and comfort. What these examples all have in common is edge computing, which is enabling

companies to run applications with the most critical reliability, real-time and data requirements directly

on-site. Ultimately, this allows companies to innovate faster, stand up new products and services more

quickly and opens up possibilities for the creation of new revenue streams.

What makes edge so exciting is the potential it has for transforming business across every industry and

function, from customer engagement and marketing to production and back-office operations.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
6 EDGE COMPUTING

Proposed system:

The goal of edge computing is to reduce latency, improve network performance, and increase efficiency

by processing data locally, rather than transmitting it to a remote data centre for processing. Edge

computing is often used in applications that require real-time processing of large amounts of data, such as

industrial automation, autonomous vehicles, and smart cities.

Problem statement

As computing technology continued to advance, more and more devices were connected to the internet,

and the amount of data generated increased exponentially. This led to the development of cloud

computing, which made it possible to store and process vast amounts of data in remote data centers.

The cloud computing era became a game-changer. With cloud computing, data storage and computational

resources exist in the cloud. This data is accessible in real-time from your mobile devices, tablets,

smartwatches, and laptops. Cloud computing gave us access to larger storage capacities and

computational resources.

For instance, this enabled us to train machine learning models and store data that wouldn’t otherwise be

storable on our devices. Big technology companies such as Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and IBM are

some of the industry players that identified an opportunity to offer these storage services and computation

resources to businesses and individuals.

The figure below depicts the centralized nature of cloud computing:

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
7 EDGE COMPUTING

Yet, with cloud computing, there came about three main challenges. These challenges

included Bandwidth limitations, Latency problems, and Privacy issues.

1. Latency

It is the time delay associated with running a particular process. For example, in most of our mobile

devices, we have either Apple’s Siri or Google’s Assistant feature. For these features to work, the device

has to record your speech, send it to a cloud server where data compression and processing is performed.

On the cloud, sometimes the servers have to talk to other servers to perform different functions on the

data before sending the output feedback to your mobile phone. While this process is quick in most cases,

it still does take time.

This could be problematic. Let’s consider a case of autonomous vehicles. These vehicles need to make

timely decisions depending on what’s happening in their surroundings, for example, to avoid a car crash.

What if the weather conditions are extreme, thereby increasing latency, and as a result, it takes longer to

get feedback to have the car turn right and avoid a crash? Considering the amount of data being

generated, the response time would be too long and would potentially result in a crash.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
8 EDGE COMPUTING

2. Bandwidth

It is the amount of data that you can send in a certain period. For example, if I want to operate the Google

Assistant feature which involves communicating with the cloud server. This action takes time depending

on the amount of bandwidth you have to perform that task.

A low bandwidth would mean that the information would take a longer time than if I had a higher

bandwidth. We can see how this could be an inconvenience, especially for people in rural areas who may

not have access to good internet.

3. Privacy

Cloud computing has privacy implications. Let me explain this using an example. If you are using a

machine learning-based financial system that requires you to upload sensitive data.

That data then needs to be sent for processing to the cloud servers. There is always a possibility that this

data could get hacked.

If there was a way for that data to be processed on your phone rather than being sent to the cloud for

processing, that would be a better option for your privacy. Most of the data used is produced on our smart

devices, tablets, and mobile phones.

Wouldn’t it be better to process this data on our devices instead? This would ease the problems

with latency, bandwidth, and privacy concerns. Edge computing helps solve these problems.

Edge computing leverages the power of the internet of things (IoT) to connect devices and

sensors to the cloud, but also processes data locally on edge devices. This reduces latency and

improves response times, making it possible to process data in real-time. The result is a more

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
9 EDGE COMPUTING

efficient and reliable computing architecture that is better suited to the demands of modern

applications.

DEFINATION OF EDGE COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY:

Edge computing refers to a distributed computing paradigm that brings computation and data storage

closer to the edge of the network, closer to where data is generated, processed, and used. It involves

deploying computational infrastructure, such as servers, storage devices, and other processing equipment,

at or near the network edge, rather than relying on a central data centre or cloud-based infrastructure. The

goal of edge computing is to reduce latency, improve network performance, and increase efficiency by

processing data locally, rather than transmitting it to a remote data centre for processing. Edge computing

is often used in applications that require real-time processing of large amounts of data, such as industrial

automation, autonomous vehicles, and smart cities.

Methodology

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
10 EDGE COMPUTING

At the edge, the following operations are performed:

1. Computing offloading

This is where the edge nodes offload part of the workload that would have otherwise be done from the

cloud.

2. Data storage

Instead of data storage happening on the cloud, data is now stored on edge devices increasing the privacy

of user data.

3. Caching and processing

In an autonomous vehicle, data from cameras can now be processed at the edge ensuring shorter response

times.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
11 EDGE COMPUTING

4. Handling requests

The edge nodes distribute requests and deliver services from the cloud to the user.

5. Privacy protection

The edge nodes greater provide privacy protection to a user. Since data stays with the producer/user and

is never sent to the cloud for processing.

6. IoT management

IoT devices produce an impressive amount of data. With the help of the edge operating system (edgeOS),

IoT devices can be connected and managed at home. This eliminates the need to subscribe to expensive

internet bandwidth to send data to the cloud for processing.

7. Service delivery

The edge nodes provide service delivery from the cloud to a user in case a user is in need of such
services.

These are tasks that traditionally, have been performed on the cloud.

The key features of edge computing include:

Proximity to data sources: Edge computing devices are located closer to the data source, which means

they can process data in real-time without the need to send it to a central location for processing. This

reduces latency and improves response times.

Decentralized processing: Edge computing distributes the processing load across multiple devices,

rather than relying on a central server or cloud-based data centre. This reduces the load on the network

and can improve the reliability of the system.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
12 EDGE COMPUTING

Lower bandwidth requirements: By processing data at the edge, edge computing reduces the amount of

data that needs to be sent across the network. This can help to reduce network congestion and lower

bandwidth requirements.

Security: Edge computing can improve security by processing data locally, rather than sending it to a

central server or cloud-based data centre. This can reduce the risk of data breaches and other security

threats.

Scalability: Edge computing can be easily scaled by adding more edge devices to the network. This

makes it easy to accommodate growing amounts of data and processing requirements.

Flexibility: Edge computing can be used in a wide range of applications and industries, from smart cities

and autonomous vehicles to manufacturing and healthcare. It can be adapted to meet the specific needs of

different applications and use cases.

Overall, edge computing provides a more efficient and reliable computing architecture that is better suited

to the demands of modern applications that require real-time data processing and analysis. Traditional

cloud computing remains valuable for many applications, but edge computing is increasingly being seen

as a complementary technology that can augment and enhance traditional cloud computing architectures.

ARCHITECTURE OF EDGE COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY

Here are the key components that form an edge ecosystem:

 Edge devices: A special-purpose piece of equipment with limited computing capacity.

 Edge node: Any device, server, or gateway that performs edge computing.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
13 EDGE COMPUTING

 Edge server: A computer located in a facility close to the edge device. These machines run

application workloads and shared services, so they need more computing power than edge

devices.

 Edge gateway: An edge server that performs network functions such as

tunnelling, firewall management, protocol translation, and wireless connections. A gateway can

also host application workloads.

 Cloud: A public or private cloud that acts as a repository for containerized workloads like

applications and machine learning models. The cloud also hosts and runs apps that manage edge

nodes.

Edge computing has three primary nodes: the device edge, local edge, and the cloud.

Device edge is the physical location of where edge devices run on-premises (cameras, sensors, industrial
machines, etc.). These devices have the processing power to gather and transmit data.

Local edge is a system that supports the applications and the network workloads. The local edge has two
layers:

 An application layer that runs apps edge devices cannot handle due to a large footprint (complex
video analytics or IoT processing, for example).
 The network layer that runs physical or virtualized network components such as routers and
switches.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
14 EDGE COMPUTING

The cloud (or the nexus) runs application and network workloads that manage the processing other edge
nodes cannot handle. Despite the name, this edge layer can run either as an in-house data centre or in the
cloud.

The illustration below presents a more detailed architecture and shows components relevant to each edge
node.

Industry solutions and applications can exist in multiple nodes as specific workloads are more suitable to

either the device or local edge. Some other workloads can also dynamically move between nodes under

certain circumstances (either manually or automatically).

Virtualization is a vital element of a large-scale edge computing setup. This technology makes it easier to

deploy and run numerous applications on edge servers.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
15 EDGE COMPUTING

Application of Edge Computing technology :

Such as healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation.

HEALTHCARE

A vast amount of data is generated from the healthcare industry. It involves patient data from medical

equipment, sensors, and devices.

Therefore, there is a greater need to manage, process, and store the data. Edge computing helps here by

applying machine learning and automation for data access. It helps identify problematic data that requires

immediate attention by clinicians to enable better patient care and eliminate health incidents.

In addition, edge computing is used in medical monitoring systems to respond quickly in real-time instead

of waiting for a cloud server to act.

MANUFACTURING

Edge computing is used in the manufacturing sector to monitor manufacturing processes and apply

machine learning and real-time analytics to improve product qualities and detect production errors. It also

supports the environmental sensors to be incorporated in manufacturing plants.

Furthermore, edge computing provides insights into the components in stock and how long they would

go. It helps the manufacturer to make accurate and faster business decisions on operations and the factory.

TRANSPORTATION

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
16 EDGE COMPUTING

The transportation sector, especially autonomous vehicles, produces terabytes of data every day.

Autonomous vehicles need data to be collected and analysed while they are moving, in real-time, which

requires heavy computing. They also need data on vehicle condition, speed, location, road and traffic

conditions, and nearby vehicles.

To handle this, the vehicles themselves become the edge where the computing takes place. As a result,

data is processed at an accelerated speed to fuel the data collection and analysis needs.

Benefits of Edge computing technology :

Improved latency, reduced bandwidth costs, and increased security.

latency

Consumer demand for low-latency goes beyond the need for quick music downloads and streaming video.

Edge computing is essential in addressing potentially disastrous situations, such as:

 Collisions: Autonomous vehicles (AV) can’t afford even the slightest delay between sensing a

possible collision and making an adjustment, such as steering away from trouble or braking to

slow down or stop.

 Fire: When it comes to industrial safety systems like fire alarms and smoke detectors, mere

seconds lost in data transmission can be catastrophic.

 Environmental Hazards: Having near-instant data capture and analysis at oil well sites can help

anticipate signs of a disaster and initiate tragedy-preventive measures.

In each of these instances, the wait time for data to travel to the cloud and back could be fatal. Low-

latency edge computing is critical.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
17 EDGE COMPUTING

Reduced bandwidth cost

Bandwidth is almost infinite, but it comes at a cost. Edge computing allows organizations to reduce

bandwidth costs by processing data before it crosses the WAN. This benefit applies to any use case, but

here are two example use-cases where this is very evident: video surveillance and preventive

maintenance. For example, a single city-deployed HD video camera may generate 1,296GB a month.

Streaming that data over LTE easily becomes cost prohibitive. Adding edge compute to pre-aggregate the

data significantly reduces those costs.

Increased security

Data security and privacy protections are burning issues in the IT world. Edge computing provides more

data security and privacy protection because data is processed within the edge rather than from central

servers.

However, this does not suggest that edge devices are not vulnerable by any means. Not at all. It only

suggests that there is less data to be processed from the edge, so there is hardly a complete collection of

data that hackers can pounce on.

In other words, privacy can easily be compromised when data hosted on centralized servers are hacked

because they contain more comprehensive information about people, locations and events. In contrast,

because edge computing creates, processes and analyses just a set of data needed at an instance, other

pieces of data that might compromise privacy in the event of a hack are not tampered with.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
18 EDGE COMPUTING

Challenges associated with implementing Edge computing:

While edge computing offers many benefits, there are also several challenges associated with its

implementation. Some of the major challenges include:

 Infrastructure Complexity: Edge computing requires the deployment of distributed computing

resources, which can be complex to manage and maintain. This can include a variety of devices,

sensors, and computing resources that need to be integrated and coordinated.

 Security Risks: While edge computing can enhance security, it also introduces new security risks.

This is because distributed computing resources are often more difficult to secure than centralized

resources, and they can be vulnerable to a variety of attacks, such as hacking and data breaches.

 Data Management: Edge computing generates large amounts of data, which need to be processed

and stored efficiently. This can require the use of advanced data management and analytics tools,

which can be expensive and complex to implement.

 Interoperability: Edge computing requires the integration of different devices and systems, which

can pose interoperability challenges. This can be particularly problematic when dealing with

legacy systems that may not be designed for edge computing.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
19 EDGE COMPUTING

 Talent Shortages: Edge computing requires specialized skills and expertise, which can be difficult

to find in today's competitive job market. This can make it difficult for organizations to build and

maintain the necessary teams to implement and manage edge computing solutions.

In summary, while edge computing offers many benefits, it also presents several challenges that need to

be addressed. These challenges can range from technical issues such as security and data management, to

organizational challenges such as talent shortages and infrastructure complexity. Addressing these

challenges requires a coordinated and strategic approach that takes into account the unique needs and

challenges of each organization.

Case studies of organizations that have implemented edge computing

technology, their challenges, solutions, and outcomes:

1.Walmart has implemented edge computing technology in its retail stores to improve the shopping

experience for customers. Here are some details on the challenges Walmart faced, the solutions it

implemented, and the outcomes it achieved:

Challenges:

 Managing and analysing large amounts of data in real-time, which was necessary to provide

personalized recommendations to shoppers.

 Reducing latency and improving response times to provide better recommendations to customers.

Solutions:

 Walmart deployed edge computing infrastructure in its stores, which enabled it to process data

closer to the source.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
20 EDGE COMPUTING

 The edge computing infrastructure was integrated with Walmart's existing data analytics

platform, which allowed it to quickly process and analyse data in real-time.

 Walmart also implemented machine learning algorithms to analyse data from sensors and

cameras in its stores, which allowed it to provide personalized recommendations to customers.

Outcomes:

 Improved customer satisfaction: By providing personalized recommendations to customers,

Walmart was able to improve the shopping experience for customers, which resulted in increased

customer satisfaction.

 Increased sales: By improving the shopping experience, Walmart was able to increase sales and

revenue.

 Reduced costs: By processing data closer to the source, Walmart was able to reduce network

bandwidth usage and data storage costs.

In summary, Walmart's implementation of edge computing technology allowed it to address the

challenges of managing and analysing large amounts of data in real-time, reducing latency, and providing

personalized recommendations to customers. The outcome was improved customer satisfaction, increased

sales, and reduced costs.

2. GE Aviation has implemented edge computing technology in its aircraft engines to improve

performance and reduce maintenance costs. Here are some details on the challenges GE Aviation faced,

the solutions it implemented, and the outcomes it achieved:

Challenges:

 Managing and analysing large amounts of data generated by the engines, which was necessary to

detect and diagnose issues in real-time.

 Reducing maintenance costs and improving engine performance.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
21 EDGE COMPUTING

Solutions:

 GE Aviation deployed edge computing infrastructure on the engines, which enabled it to process

data locally and transmit only relevant information to the cloud.

 The edge computing infrastructure was integrated with GE Aviation's existing data analytics

platform, which allowed it to quickly process and analyse data in real-time.

 GE Aviation also implemented machine learning algorithms to analyse data from sensors on the

engines, which allowed it to detect and diagnose issues in real-time.

Outcomes:

 Reduced maintenance costs: By detecting and diagnosing issues in real-time, GE Aviation was

able to reduce maintenance costs and minimize engine downtime.

 Improved engine performance: By analysing data from sensors on the engines, GE Aviation was

able to identify ways to optimize engine performance, which resulted in increased efficiency and

reduced fuel consumption.

 Enhanced safety: By monitoring engine performance in real-time, GE Aviation was able to

identify potential safety issues and take corrective action before they became critical.

In summary, GE Aviation's implementation of edge computing technology allowed it to address the

challenges of managing and analysing large amounts of data generated by the engines, reducing

maintenance costs, and improving engine performance. The outcome was reduced maintenance costs,

improved engine performance, and enhanced safety.

3. Carnival Corporation has implemented edge computing technology on its cruise ships to improve

passenger safety and experience. Here are some details on the challenges Carnival Corporation faced, the

solutions it implemented, and the outcomes it achieved:

Challenges:

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
22 EDGE COMPUTING

 Managing and analysing large amounts of data generated by sensors and cameras on the ships,

which was necessary to detect and respond to safety issues in real-time.

 Reducing latency and improving response times to provide better safety and entertainment

services to passengers.

Solutions:

 Carnival Corporation deployed edge computing infrastructure on the ships, which enabled it to

process data locally and transmit only relevant information to the cloud.

 The edge computing infrastructure was integrated with Carnival Corporation's existing data

analytics platform, which allowed it to quickly process and analyse data in real-time.

 Carnival Corporation also implemented machine learning algorithms to analyse data from sensors

and cameras on the ships, which allowed it to detect potential safety issues and respond quickly.

Outcomes:

 Improved passenger safety: By monitoring sensors and cameras in real-time, Carnival

Corporation was able to detect and respond to safety issues quickly, which enhanced passenger
safety.
 Enhanced entertainment services: By reducing latency and improving response times, Carnival

Corporation was able to provide better entertainment services to passengers, which resulted in

increased passenger satisfaction.

 Increased revenue: By enhancing passenger safety and satisfaction, Carnival Corporation was

able to increase revenue from repeat customers and positive word-of-mouth recommendations.

In summary, Carnival Corporation's implementation of edge computing technology allowed it to address

the challenges of managing and analysing large amounts of data generated by sensors and cameras on the

ships, reducing latency, and enhancing passenger safety and entertainment. The outcome was improved

passenger safety, enhanced entertainment services, and increased revenue.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
23 EDGE COMPUTING

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
24 EDGE COMPUTING

An Overview of the future of Edge computing technology, with emerging

trends and potential advancements:

The future of edge computing looks promising as organizations increasingly adopt the technology to

address their computing needs.

Clearly, we will see an expansion in the use of edge computing in the future, but what are some trends

that will arise with the increased usage? Let’s take a look. 

1. Edge computing for both large and small enterprises: Overall, edge computing is geared toward

larger enterprises, but that doesn’t mean there isn’t a need for it when it comes to smaller companies.

Covid brought remote work, and remote work brought distributed workers. Employees are moving around

and working across the country. Businesses need to realize how much of a necessity edge computing is to

minimize latency and increase productivity. Edge is the answer. 

2. Customer experience: Everything businesses do always leads back to creating a positive customer

experience, so they’ll continue coming back. We’ll begin to see edge used to create better customer

outcomes. The primary benefit of the edge is the ability to increase speeds. This alone can create a better

customer experience because consumers want instant gratification, not clunky, inefficient experiences.

But the benefits don’t stop at speed. Edge compute can also create personalization by quickly processing

data. As marketers focus on more data-centric strategies, edge computing can bring the information closer

to the source to drive faster analysis. 

3. The rise of IoT devices: In the future, we’ll see an increased push and adoption of IoT systems,

especially as 5G becomes more widely available. The once futuristic smart homes and self-driving cars

that we’ve always imagined will be made possible with edge computing. Self-driving cars, for example,

need the quick data processing that comes with edge. If there’s a delay while the car is driving down the

street, the results could be deadly. But IoT is more than just self-driving cars or smart refrigerators. IoT

can also be used in key industries like healthcare and manufacturing. For example, remote monitoring

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
25 EDGE COMPUTING

using IoT devices can allow for ongoing visibility into patients’ healthcare records. This includes things

like sending alerts to patients and doctors when vitals are out of range. The options are endless when IoT

pairs with edge computing. 

4. AR and VR use cases: Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) have been around for some

time, but as enterprises adopt this technology more, edge computing will be imperative. One of the

biggest uses of AR/VR for businesses is the ability for potential customers to experience a product or

service before they actually purchase it. However, to have a seamless experience, the data needs to be

processed close to the VR device.

AR/VR devices can be used beyond client-facing use cases as well. They also allow colleagues to

participate in real-time sharing of work, enable remote collaboration or help with complex trainings, all of

which need the speed of edge processing to operate well fully. And those are just the current capabilities.

We’ll continue to see more emerging use cases of AR/VR as it expands, including the Metaverse. As the

Metaverse becomes prevalent among consumers and businesses, it too will need the power of edge

computing.

5. Security upgrades: Security is a concern every company knows too well. In 2021,

cyberattacks increased 50%Opens a new window  compared to 2020, and we’re sure to see that number

continue to grow. Edge computing makes cybersecurity more difficult. As more businesses begin

utilizing edge compute, more edge devices will be put in place, opening many more entry points for bad

actors. This forces a greater need for security talent who can continuously test, update and patch any

security systems in place while also monitoring all devices to ensure any licensing or warranties are up to

date. The bottom line is that there needs to be a team dedicated to monitoring each edge compute point, so

no security breaches happen.

Securing the Edge

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
26 EDGE COMPUTING

For enhanced security at the edge, companies should look to not only invest in security and tech talent but

also prioritize zero trust architecture. This means that when a user logs into a system, it not only asks for a

username and password but also monitors what kind of computer you have, the software, etc. so that they

know the user is who they say they are. Additionally, this gives the user limited access to data, allowing

protection for the rest of the company’s data in case of a breach. All security measures should also

undergo penetration tests to ensure they’re working properly and to find any weaknesses. 

With the power of edge computing, our work and daily lives become easier. Everything from remote

work to driving to the office will be powered by the quick processing power of edge devices. Emerging

technologies, including AR/VR, and the immersive experiences that come with them will be enhanced by

edge compute. Despite the security risks, if you’re not utilizing edge computing in your business, you

should rethink your strategy because the incredible opportunities that come from this technology will

continue to expand. Implement now, or you will be left behind.

The future of edge computing looks promising, with emerging trends and advancements that will change

the way we process and manage data. Intelligent edge devices, expansion of 5G networks, edge-to-cloud

integration, and blockchain-enabled edge computing are just some of the trends and advancements that

we can expect to see in the coming years.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
27 EDGE COMPUTING

CONCLUSION

Edge computing is an emerging technology that offers significant benefits for organizations seeking to

process and manage data more efficiently. Edge computing involves processing data closer to the source,

which reduces latency, bandwidth costs, and improves security.

Through this seminar report, we have explored the basics of edge computing, including its definition,

architecture, and applications. We have also discussed the benefits of edge computing, such as improved

latency, reduced bandwidth costs, and increased security, as well as the challenges associated with its

implementation.

Additionally, we have presented case studies of organizations such as Walmart, GE Aviation, and

Carnival Corporation that have implemented edge computing technology, including their challenges,

solutions, and outcomes.

Looking to the future, we can expect to see emerging trends and advancements in edge computing,

including intelligent edge devices, expansion of 5G networks, edge-to-cloud integration, and blockchain-

enabled edge computing. These trends and advancements will enable more efficient and scalable

computing architectures, and open up new business models in various industries.

In conclusion, edge computing is a technology that has the potential to transform the way organizations

process and manage data, and as such, it is essential for organizations to consider its adoption in their

computing strategies.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI
28 EDGE COMPUTING

REFERENCES

1. Satyanarayanan. M. (2017). The Emergence of Edge Computing. IEEE Computer, 50(1), 30-39.
2. Shi, W., Cao, J., Zhang, Q., Li, Y., & Xu, L. (2016). Edge computing: Vision and challenges.
IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 3(5), 637-646.
3. Buyya, R., Vecchiola, C., & Vakilinia, S. (2019). Cloud and Edge Computing: Principles and
Paradigms. John Wiley & Sons.
4. Ganesh, A., & Banerjee, S. (2018). Edge Computing for the Internet of Things: A Case Study.
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 9(8), 32-40.
5. Walmart. (2018). Walmart's Digital Transformation: Powered by Edge Computing.
https://corporate.walmart.com/newsroom/innovation/2018/01/04/walmarts-digital-
transformation-powered-by-edge-computing
6. GE Aviation. (2018). GE Aviation Accelerates Digital Transformation with Edge Computing.
https://www.geaviation.com/digital/blog/ge-aviation-accelerates-digital-transformation-edge-
computing
7. Carnival Corporation. (2018). Carnival Corporation Advances Ocean Medallion Wearable with
Edge Computing. https://www.carnivalcorp.com/news-releases/news-release-details/carnival-
corporation-advances-ocean-medallion-wearable-edge
8. Forbes. (2021). The State of Edge Computing 2021.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsights/2021/03/24/the-state-of-edge-computing-2021/?
sh=6d25e6f33c12
9. Gartner. (2019). Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2020.
https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2019-10-21-gartner-identifies-the-top-10-
strategic-technology-trends-for-2020
10. IDC. (2020). IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Edge 2021 Predictions.
https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=US46950420

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KALABURAGI