BASIC CONCEPTS OF

DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETIES
SOCIOLOGY, SOCIETY & SOCIAL
INTERACTION
SOCIAL INTERACTION
THANK YOU…..

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant professor
THANK YOU…...

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
THANK YOU…...

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
Forms of Marriage
Thank You…..

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
SOCIAL ORGANISATION, SOCIAL
SYSTEM AND ELEMENTS OF
SOCIAL SYSTEM
SOCIAL ORGANISATION
Types of Social Organizations
BASIC SOCIAL SYSTEM
Social System
DEFINITIONS
Functions of Social System
 Presented By:
 Gagandeep Kaur
 Assistant Professor
 THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION !!!

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
INTRODUCTION TO CONCEPTS OF
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
 DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETIES

• The scientific study of human social life, groups and

societies.
• It became a distinct discipline in the middle of 19th
century.
• Three factors led to the development of society:
1. The Industrial Revolution
2. Imperialism
3. Success of the Natural Science
What is the need to study
Development of Societies?
• Structure helps us know what is expected of us
• Ensures stability from one generation to the next – even
though the actual society changes
• Social Structure: network of interrelated statuses and roles
Basic Social Structure
•Statuses are social categories – but
roles bring statuses to life
•You occupy a status – you play a
role
• Reciprocal Roles: define interaction with others. Can’t be fulfilled alone.
Example: you can’t perform the role of husband without a wife.
Examples of reciprocal roles:
Doctor-Patient Athlete – Coach
Employee – Boss Friend – Friend.
 Role Conflict &
Role Strain

• Role Conflict: conflict between statuses. Example:

working fulltime and having young children at home.
• Role Strain: difficulty meeting the role of a single status.
Example: Boss trying to motivate employees while
having to lower their salaries.
• Statuses and roles determine the
structure of society.
• When statuses/roles are organized to
satisfy a basic need = Social
Institution
• Schools, family, economy, religion,
media, medicine, etc.
• Social Structure: network of • Role: you play - bring statuses
interrelated statuses and roles\ to life
• Status: Defines where you fit in • Reciprocal Roles: define
society interaction with others
• Ascribed Status: assigned • Role Expectations: Socially
• Achieved Status: role you determined expected behaviors
achieve through your own • Role Conflict: conflict between
efforts statuses.
• Master Status: One rank that • Role Strain: difficulty meeting
determines your social identity. the role of a single status.
THANK YOU.....

Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
 Types
of Social Structure
Social Structures
  Status & Role
Master Status
Ascribed Status
Elements of Role Conflict
Social Role Strain
Status inconsistency
Structure  Social Groups
Primary Groups
Secondary Groups
Social Groups
Types of Social
Groups
 Nature of
Elements of Social
Structure
Presented By:
Gagandeep Kaur
Assistant Professor
ORIGIN OF CASTE
SYSTEM
THANK YOU….
• Presented By:
• Gagandeep Kaur
• Assistant Professor
 SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
THANK YOU…..
• Presented By:
• Gagandeep Kaur
• Assistant Professor
6. Relation between Sociology & Psychology 15. Write any two characteristics of an Association.
7. Development of Sociology. 16. Give any two examples of association.
8. Nature of Sociology. 17. What is mean by social structure./ What is social structure.
18, Define social structure.
Chapter - 2 19. Write the elements of social structure.
BASIC CONCEPTS 20. What are values ?
21. What are norms ?
1. What is society ? 22. What do you mean by relation norms ?
2. State the definition of society. 23. What are the controlling norms ?
3. Write any two characteristics of society. 24. What is meant by Role ?
4. How specific geographical area is important from the viewpoint 25. Define Role.
of society. 26. What is ‘Role-Conflict’ ?
5. Which characteristics of the society is more important from the 27. Define status
view point of social. 28. State the type of social status.
6. Who says that ‘Man is a social animal’ 29. What is ‘Ascribed status’ ?
7. What is meant by community. 30. What is ‘Achieved status’
8. Define community. 31. Define social Group ?
9. What do you mean by community sentiment ? 32. Give any two examples of social group.
10. Which are the essential factors for building up of the community 33. Write any two characteristics of social group.
sentiment ? 34. What are the types of social groups ?
11. Give any two examples of the community. 35. Who had coined the term of ‘Primary Group’
12. What is meant by Association. 36. Give any two examples of primary group.
13. Explain the sociological meaning of Association. 37. What is secondary Group ?
14. Define Association. 38. Give any two examples of secondary group.

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39. What do you mean by social system ? 13. Explain the concept of secondary group with it’s characteristics.
40. Define social system. 14. Explain fully the concepts of ‘Status’ and ‘Role’
41. Which is the biggest example of social structure. 15. Write an essay on social norms.
42. What is social Institution ? 16. Analyse the concept of social system.
43. Define social Institution.
44. Give any two examples of social Institution. Write Short Notes on :
45. State any two functions of family. 1. Meaning of society.
46. Give two distinguish between Institution and Association. 2. Two characteristics of society.
3. Meaning of community.
Write answer in details : 4. Characteristics of community.
1. Elucidate the characteristics of primary group. 5. Community sentiment.
2. State the characteristics of society. 6. Importance of sexual reproduction with reference to society.
3. Discuss the characteristics of social system. 7. Two examples of community.
4. Discuss the elements of social structure. 8. Meaning of association
5. Explain the characteristics of social institution. 9. Characteristics of association.
6. Distinguish between primary group and secondary groups. 10. Size of community.
7. Discuss the characteristics of primary group. 11. Membership of an association.
8. What is association ? Discuss it’s characteristics. 12. Explain the temporary nature of an association.
9. What is meant by society ? Discuss the characteristics of the 13. Elements of social structure
society. 14. Formation of an association.
10. What is community ? Write the characteristics of community. 15. Cultural values.
11. Define association and explain it’s nature. 16. Roles
12. Define group and discuss briefly the various the kinds of social 17. Role conflict
groups. 18. Meaning of primary group.

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19. Two characteristics of social group 8. Give two characteristics of socialization.
20. Types of status 9. What is Authoritarian Agency ?
21. Importance of Primary Group. 10. Give two aims of socialization.
22. Secondary Groups 11. What is Role education.
23. Relationship of Primary Group. 12. What is Peer - Groups.
24. Characteristics of social norms. 13. Which is the first school of socialization ?
25. Importance of values.
26. Meaning of social institutions. Write answers in detail :
27. Two characteristics of social institution. 1. Elaborate the various coagencies of socialization.
28. Meaning of social norms. 2. Discuss the equalitarian and authoritarian elements in
29. Social system. socialization.
30. Importance of social system. 3. Discuss the importances of family and peer groups as the agencies
of socialization.
Chapter - 3 4. Discuss how socialization of an individual differs from family to
THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY family.
5. State briefly the main objectives of socialization and how they
Write answers in two sentences are achieved ?
1. What is culture ? 6. Explain the meaning and aims of socialization ?
2. State the two agencies of socialization. 7. Define the concept of culture and give it’s characteristics.
3. Give a definition of socialization. 8. Explain relation between individual and society.
4. What are the types of culture. 9. Elaborate the organic theory and social contract theory of society.
5. What is socialization ? 10. What is socialization ? Discuss the significance of the process
6. Give two characteristics of culture ? of socialization.
7. State the defination of culture given by Dr. Iravati Karve. 11. Describe the Role of family in the process of socialization.

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Write shorts notes on : 4. State any one definition of family.
1. Meaning of culture 5. What is Religion ?
2. Any two agencies of socialization 6. State any definition of Nuclear family.
3. Characteristics of culture 7. What is modern family.
4. Family and socialization. 8. State the meaning of joint family.
4. Two definitions of culture 9. What is social Institutions ?
6. Socialization and peer groups. 10. State the definition of marriage.
7. Meaning of socialization. 11. Give any two characteristics of marriage.
8. Types of culture 12. What do you mean by polygamy ?
9. Two aims of socialization. 13. State the types of polygamy ?
10. Importance of socialization. 14. State the definition of family given by MacIver and page.
11. School, teachers and socialization. 15. Give the definition of joint family given by Dr. Iravati Karve.
12. Organic theory of society 16. State any two characteristics of joint family.
13. Relation between individual and society. 17. State any two functions of family.
14. The mass media and socialization. 18. State any definition of Religion.
15. Two definitions of socialization. 19. What do you mean by monogamy family ?
20. What is matriarchal family ?
Chapter - 4 21. State the types of Polyandry ?
SOCIAL INSTITUTION 22. Give two causes of Polygyny ?
23. What is mean by polyanidry ?
Write answer in two sentences. 24. Give the characteristics of Matriarchal family ?
1. What is joint family 25. Give the characteristics of patriarchal family ?
2. Define religion.
3. State any two characteristics of Nuclear family.

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Write answer in details : 6. State two characteristics of Matriarchal family.
1. Define marriage and describe its various forms. 7. Status of women in Patriarchal family.
2. Describe the factors leading to polygyny and polyandry. 8. Types of Polygamy family
3. Elucidate importance of joint family. 9. Primary functions of family.
4. Explain the functions of Religion. 10. Characteristics of marriage
5. Describe the various forms of polygamy. 11. Types of marriage.
6. Define monogamy and discuss it as an ideal form of marriages. 12. Meaning of monogamy
7. Define family. Describe its various types. 13. Forms of Polygamy
8. Write an essay on “Modern family’ 14. Causes of Polygamy.
9. Explain the characteristics of joint family ? 15. Meaning of Endogamy
10. Explain the characteristics of modern family ? 16. Polygyny.
11. Describe the types of family 17. Meaning and defination of Religion
12. Explain the functions of family 18. Functions of Religion
13. Discuss the various functions of religion in society. 19. Religion and science.
14. Define religion and discuss it as a social institution.
15. State briefly the relation between relation and science. Chapter - 5
16. Explain the types of marriage. SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND MOBILITY

Write short notes on - Write answers in two sentences :

1. Modern family. 1. What do you mean by Social Stratification ?
2. Joint family. 2. State the definition of Social Stratification given by
3. Any two characteristics of joint family. Harry Johnson.
4. Any two characteristics of modern family. 3. What is the meaning of differentiation ?
5. Meaning of family. 4. Give two causes of differentiation ?

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5. State two functions of social stratification. Write answers in details :
6. What is mean by Caste ? 1. What is social stratifications ? Discuss its general nature.
7. State the definition of cost given by Dr. Iravati Karve. 2. Explain the functional necessity of social stratification.
8. State two characteristics of caste system. 3. Discuss the salient features of open class system.
9. Give the Hierarchy of caste system. 4. Elaborate the characteristics of caste system.
10. Who is the at the top of the Hierarchy in caste system. 5. Elaborate the types of social stratification.
11. State two functions of caste panchayat. 6. What is social mobility. Discuss the various types of
12. What is mean by class-system. social mobility.
13. What is social Mobility ? 7. “Caste system is a more rigid form of social class” comment.
14. State the forms of social stratification ? 8. Elaborate the concept of social class and discuss the nature of
15. Define the meaning of social class. modern class-system.
16. State the definition of social class. 9. What is caste ? What are the important features of the
17. Give two characteristics of class-system. caste system.
18. State any two similarities between caste and class. 10. Distinguish between class system and caste system.
19. State any two dissimilarities between caste and class. 11. Explain the characteristics of caste-system.
20. Give a definition of social mobility.
21. State the examples of closed stratification. Write short notes on
22. What are the types of social Mobility. 1. Meaning of social stratification.
23. Explain the two basics of social class. 2. Open stratification.
24. What is Horizontal mobility ? 3. Closed stratification.
25. What is upward mobility ? 4. Upward social mobility.
26. What is Downward mobility ? 5. Horizontal mobility.
6. Class consciousness.
7. Characteristics of class-system.

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