ISO 14064 :

New International
Standards for
Greenhouse Gas
Quantification, Reporting
and Verification

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
 ISO in Brief
¾ ISO - the International Organization for Standardization – was
established in 1947 and is based in Geneva, Switzerland;
¾ ISO – a non-governmental organization – is a federation of
the national standards bodies of 149 countries (one per
country) and 500+ international/regional liaison members;
¾ ISO is comprised of 3,000+ technical groups that develop
standards with the broadest possible base of stakeholder
groups;
¾ ISO develops standards by transparent, consensus-based
procedures based on national input;
¾ ISO meetings attract some 50,000 experts a year;
¾ ISO has published over 15,000 international standards;
¾ ISO standards are designed to be implemented world-wide.
 ISO GHG Standards
Scope Standard
Organizations Greenhouse gases - Part 1: Specification with guidance
at the organization level for quantification and reporting of
greenhouse gas emissions and removals (ISO 14064-1).
Projects Greenhouse gases - Part 2: Specification with guidance
at the project level for quantification, monitoring and
reporting of greenhouse gas emission reductions and
removal enhancements (ISO 14064-2).

Validation Greenhouse gases - Part 3: Specification with guidance

and for the validation and verification of greenhouse gas
Verification assertions (ISO 14064-3).
Accreditation Greenhouse gases - Specification for greenhouse gas
validation and verification bodies for use in accreditation
and other forms of recognition (ISO 14065).
Relationships among the Parts of ISO 14064
ISO 14064-1 ISO 14064-2

Design and Develop Design and Implement

Organizational GHG GHG Projects
Inventories

GHG Inventory GHG Project

Documentation Documentation
and Reports and Reports

Requirements
of the
Level of Applicable GHG
GHG Assertion GHG Assertion
assurance Programme or
consistent with Intended User
Verification needs of intended Validation and/or
user Verification

ISO 14064-3

Verification Process Validation and Verification Process

For example ISO 14065

programme (To be published) programme
specific Requirements for specific
Validation or Verification
Bodies
ISO 14064 Development

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 ISO 14064 Objectives
• Develop flexible, regime-neutral tools for use
in voluntary or regulatory GHG schemes;
• Promote and harmonize best practice;
• Support the environmental integrity of GHG
assertions;
• Assist organizations to manage GHG-related
opportunities and risks; and
• Support the development of GHG
programmes and markets.
 Side Event Agenda
INTRODUCTION & CLOSING
Kevin Boehmer, Canadian Standards Association

ISO 14064 – PROCESS AND PURPOSE 13:05 to 13:35

Daniel Gagnier, Chair ISO TC207 & Senior Vice-President, Alcan Inc.;
Chan Kook Weng, Convenor ISO TC207 WG5 & Senior Research Fellow, Malaysian Palm Oil Board;
Laurent Corbier, Director, Energy and Climate, World Business Council for Sustainable Development;
Liana Bratasida, Assistant Minister, Ministry of Environment, Indonesia & CDM EB Alternate;
Brian Dawson, Climate Change and CDM Adviser, United Nations Development Programme;
Jonathan Pershing, Program Director, Climate and Energy Program, World Resources Institute.

ISO 14064 – REQUIREMENTS AND APPLICATION 13:35 to 14:55

Chan Kook Weng to Moderate:
Thomas Baumann, Det Norske Veritas;
Tod Delaney, First Environment;
Judith Hull, Environment Canada;
Klaus Radunsky, Federal Environment Agency, Austria;
Simon Schmitz, World Business Council for Sustainable Development - invited;
Christine Schuh, PriceWaterhouseCoopers;
Matt Spannagle, United Nations Development Programme.
ISO 14064:
Process and Purpose

Moderated by:
Daniel Gagnier,
ISO TC 207 Chair

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
ISO 14064:
Requirements and
Application

Moderated by:
Chan Kook Weng,
ISO TC 207 WG5 Convenor

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
ISO 14064-1:
Quantification and
Reporting at the
Organizational Level

Matt Spannagle, UNDP

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
 Overview of Presentation
• General
¾ Objectives of 14064-1
¾ Scope of 14064-1
¾ Principles of development
• Within the 14064-1 Standard
¾ Principles
– Intended users
¾ Requirements
– General
– Organisational and Operational Boundaries
– Quantification
– Inventory components
– Inventory quality
– Reporting
– Verification
• Potential Applicability
 Objectives
• Provide a template for use in the market to provide clarity and
consistency between users and their stakeholders.
• Provide requirements for quantification and reporting of GHGs to:
¾ Enhance the credibility, consistency, and transparency of
GHG quantification, monitoring and reporting and hence
enhance environmental integrity;
¾ Facilitate organization GHG management strategies:
– Corporate risk management;
– Identifying mitigation opportunities.
¾ Facilitate tracking of performance and progress in the
reduction of GHGs to:
– Enable target setting and goals;
– Assist participation in voluntary initiatives (eg GHG registries or
reporting programs;
– Preparation and/or participation in GHG markets.
 Scope
“…principles and requirements at the organisation level for
quantification and reporting of GHG emissions and removals…”
¾ Multinational companies to small consultancies, local NGOs etc.

¾ With numerous emerging national and regional programs, interaction of

ISO with GHG Programmes is critical.
ISO 14064 is GHG programme neutral. If a GHG programme is
applicable, requirements of that GHG programme are additional to the
requirements of ISO 14064.
NOTE: If a requirement of ISO 14064 prohibits an organization or GHG
project proponent from complying with a requirement of the GHG
programme, the requirement of the GHG programme takes precedence.
– GHG program requirements add to, but do NOT supplant, ISO
requirements;
– a GHG program only diminishes ISO requirements in circumstances
where meeting ISO requirements would result in a breach of
regulations/laws (ie, likelihood of crime).
 Principles of Development
• Part 1 built on standardising existing
knowledge and approaches:
– GHG Protocol;
– several national/regional programs.
• Explicit goal was ‘harmonisation’ with GHG
Protocol.
• ISO used the GHG Protocol as a primary seed
document.
• Key authors of ISO were also WRI/WBCSD
staff or GHGP Revision Working Group
members.
 Principles of ISO14064-1
Principles guide the application of requirements.
No Surprises
Relevance
¾ Select GHG sources…data and methodologies appropriate to the
needs of the intended user.
Completeness
¾ Include all relevant GHG emissions and removals.
Consistency
¾ Enable meaningful comparisons in GHG-related information.
Accuracy
¾ Reduce bias and uncertainties as far as practical.
Transparency
¾ Disclose sufficient & appropriate … information to allow intended
users to make decisions with reasonable confidence.
 Principles – Intended Users
• Individual or organization identified by those reporting
GHG-related information that relies on that information to
make decisions:
– client (eg, – organisation requesting verification);
– internal (eg, company board of directors);
– GHG program administrators or regulators;
– financial community, shareholders;
– other affected stakeholders (eg, local communities, government
departments, NGOs & the general public).
• These users will have different expectations (eg, Board
might not need the same accuracy as regulators).
• Having the reporter nominate the intended user, enables
them to ‘calibrate’ principles appropriately.
• Ties in with materiality and verification.
 Requirements
• Aims to be very clear as to what is required:
– Contains mostly requirements -> ‘Shall’ – 41 (~ 50%);
– Significant number of recommendations -> ‘Should’ – 30 (~35%);
– Small number of options -> ‘May’ – 13 (15%).
• Thus – very prescriptive – simplifies verification.

• Explain & Justify:

¾ Some clauses require users to explain - documentation of:
– How approaches were used or decisions taken;
– Why approaches were chosen or decisions made.
¾ Some clauses require justification – documentation of:
– How & why decisions taken (same as for ‘explain’);
– Why alternative approaches were not chosen.
 Organisational & Operational Boundaries
Organisational
• ‘Building block’ approach:
– source – facility – organisation.
• Control or Equity share:
– reference to GHG Protocol for guidance.
Operational
• Requires:
– Identification of emissions and removals;
– Quantification of direct emissions;
– Quantification of indirect emissions (electricity, heat & steam);
– Separate quantification of biomass emissions.
• Optional:
– Quantification of other indirect emissions - guidance in Annex.

Consistent with GHG Protocol

 Quantification
• Sets out 5 steps for quantification with clear requirements for
documentation, explanation and justification:
1. identification of GHG sources;
2. selection of quantification methodology;
3. selection & collection of GHG activity data;
4. selection or development of GHG emission factors;
5. calculation of GHG emissions.

• Includes clause for exclusions:

…may exclude from quantification direct or indirect
GHG[s]…whose contribution…is not material or whose
quantification would not be technically feasible or cost
effective. The organization shall explain GHG[s]…excluded
from quantification.
– This is guided by the principles and the needs of the intended users.
 Inventory Components
• Documentation (not reporting) requirements to facilitate verification.
• Activities to reduce emissions:
¾ Directed actions:
– actions within boundaries;
– optional, but IF undertaken they SHALL be reported separately from the
inventory (ie – not deducted from inventory).
¾ Projects:
– Actions outside boundaries or purchased offsets;
– optional, but IF undertaken they SHALL be reported separately from the
inventory.
• Base year
– Required to establish a base year using required criteria;
– Optional to change base year but IF change, SHALL explain.
• Inventory recalculation
– Required to establish and apply procedures to account for changes in the
organisation (eg, asset sale/purchase).
• Uncertainty
– Recommended to undertake an uncertainty assessment.
 Inventory Quality
• GHG information management procedures:
– 5 required elements;
– 11 recommended elements.
• Record keeping:
– Requires document retention procedures to enable
verification.
• Undertaking these requirements will greatly
facilitate and lower costs of verification.
 Reporting
• Recommends (but does not require) a
report based on the needs of the
intended users, however:
¾ IF an organisation makes a public GHG
assertion claiming ISO conformance
¾ THEN they shall make available to the
public a:
9 GHG report containing particular
elements; OR
9 3rd party verification statement.
 Requirements – If Public Reporting
• Report planning:
– 8 recommendations.
• Report content:
– 17 requirements;
– 11 recommendations.
• Not all of these will be applicable for all users.
• Most of the requirements are simply reporting
of earlier clauses, and include clause
references for ease of checking requirements,
for example: 7.3 e) direct GHG emissions, quantified
separately for each GHG in tonnes and CO2e (4.2.2);
 Organisation’s Role in Verification
• Aims to assist organisations to use verification
appropriately to demonstrate credibility;
• Recommends (not require) to undertake
verification consistent with:
– Needs of intended users;
– ISO14064-3.
• Written for the organisation whose assertion is
being verified, and includes recommendations on:
– Preparing for verification;
– Verification management:
• Verification plan for the organisation;
• Verification process;
• Competence of verifiers;
• Verification statement.
 Potential Applicability
• Compatible with current good practice – so
where organisational inventories are
applicable, 14064-1 is applicable.
• ‘Verifiability’ should assist in making this useful
to more rigorous applications such as
regulatory schemes, or voluntary programs
involving financial considerations explicitly
attached to GHG inventories.

Thank-you! Merci beaucoup!

ISO 14064-2:
Quantification and
Reporting at the Project
Level

Klaus Radunsky, Federal

Environment Agency, Austria

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
 ISO 14064-2: Overview
• Objectives
• Scope
• Principles
• Requirements
• Applicability
 ISO 14064-2: Objectives
1. Benefit organizations, governments,
project proponents and stakeholders
worldwide by providing clarity,
transparency and consistency for
quantifying, monitoring, reporting,
validating and verifying GHG emission
reductions/removal enhancements from
GHG projects.
2. Enhance the environmental integrity of
GHG quantification
 ISO 14064-2: Scope

1. ISO 14064-2 specifies principles and

requirements and provides guidance at
the project level for quantification,
monitoring and reporting of GHG
emission reductions or removal
enhancements.
2. ISO 14064-2 is GHG programme neutral.
 ISO 14064-2: Principles
• Relevance (driven by needs of the user);
• Completeness (all relevant GHG emissions /
removals; all relevant information);
• Consistency (enable meaningful comparisons in
GHG-related information);
• Accuracy (reduce bias and uncertainties as far as
practical);
• Transparency (disclose such GHG-related
information to allow for decisions with reasonable
confidence); and
• Conservativeness (ensure that GHG emission
reductions or removal enhancements are not over-
estimated).
 ISO 14064-2: General Requirements

• GHG project shall conform to the GHG

programme;
• Identify, consider and use good practice
guidance (GPG);
• Justify any departure from GPG; and
• Establish, justify and apply criteria and
procedures to fulfill requirements where
there is no GPG.
 ISO 14064-2: Other Requirements
• Describe the project in a GHG project plan
• Identify GHG sources, sinks and reservoirs (SSRs)
– Controlled by the project proponent
– Related to or affected by the GHG project
• Identify and justify the baseline scenario and identify its GHG
SSRs
• Select relevant GHG SSRs for monitoring or estimation of GHG
emissions/removals relevant for the project and the baseline
scenario and quantify emissions/removals
• Quantify GHG emission reductions and removal enhancements
• Manage data quality and monitor and document the GHG
project
• Validate/verify the GHG project
• Report the GHG project
 ISO 14064-2: Applicability
• CDM/JI projects in the context of the Kyoto
Protocol;
• CDM/JI projects in the context of emission trading
programmes (e.g. EU-ETS);
• Other GHG-projects in the context of emission
trading programmes;
• Facilitate the ability to track performance and
progress in the reduction of GHG emissions
and/or increase in removals; and
• Benefit GHG markets (e.g. buying and selling
credits).
ISO 14064-3:
Validation and Verification

Christine Schuh,
PricewaterhouseCoopers

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
 ISO 14064-3: Features
• ISO 14064 – Part 3 – Greenhouse Gases -
Specification with guidance for the validation
and verification of greenhouse gas
assertions describes the process for GHG-
related validation or verification and is:
– Not mandatory (e.g., you can use Part 1 or Part
2 without using Part 3);
– Flexible (e.g., you can use Part 3 without using
Part 1 or Part 2); and
– Consistent (e.g., is design to work well with ISO
14064 Part 1 & Part 2).
 ISO 14064-3: Flexibility
• Designed to undertake the process for
GHG-related validation or verification in:
– Different GHG schemes
(e.g., mandatory, voluntary, external, internal);
– Different types of situations
(e.g., organizations, projects);
– Different types of industries
(e.g., forestry, oil & gas);
– Different sizes of companies
(e.g., small, medium, large).
ISO 14064-3: Relationships
Intended User

accountability assurance

GHG
Report

Organization/ Validator/
Project Verifier
Proponent
independence
 ISO 14064-3: Principles
• Independence
– Remain independent of the activity being validated
or verified and free from bias and conflict of
interest. Maintain objectivity throughout the
validation or verification to ensure that the findings
and conclusions will be based only on objective
evidence generated during the validation or
verification.

• Ethical conduct
– Demonstrate ethical conduct though trust,
integrity, confidentiality and discretion throughout
the validation or verification process.
 ISO 14064-3: Principles cont.
• Fair presentation
– Reflect truthfully and accurately validation or
verification activities, findings, conclusions and
reports. Report significant obstacles encountered
during the validation or verification process and
unresolved, diverging opinions among validators
or verifiers, the responsible party and the client.

• Due professional care

– Exercise due professional care and judgment in
accordance with the importance of the task
performed and the confidence placed by clients
and intended users. Have the necessary skills and
competences to undertake the validation or
verification.
ISO 14064-3: Requirements
Agreement on
Development of
y Level of
validation or verification
Selection of assurance
approach
validator or y Objectives
y
Planning verifier y
y
Criteria
Scope
Validation or
verification plan
y Sampling plan
y Materiality

Assessment of the
GHG information
system controls

Assessment Evaluation of
Execution against the the GHG
criteria assertion(s)

Assessment of the
GHG data and
information

Issuance of the
Validation or
Completion validation or
verification
verification
records
statement
 ISO 14064-3: Benefits
• Enhance the credibility, consistency, and transparency
of GHG accounting and reporting;
• Increase investor confidence;
• Facilitate the crediting and trade of GHG emission
reductions or removal enhancements;
• Facilitate the development and implementation of
organization GHG management strategies and plans;
• Allow entities to track performance and progress in the
reduction of GHG emissions and/or increase in GHG
removals;
• Assist in the identification of GHG risks or liabilities; and
• Facilitate the development and implementation of GHG
projects.
 ISO 14064-3: Applicability
• Verification of GHG emissions from organizations;
• Validation of GHG projects; and
• Verification of GHG emissions from projects.

¾ Other types of emissions (VOCs, Mercury);

¾ Other types of releases (Water discharges); and
¾ Other types of consumption (Water intake).

9 It works well where there is continuous flow of a

substance in/out of a boundary (e.g., organization or
project).
Use of ISO 14064 in
Canada’s Offset
System

Judith Hull,
Environment Canada

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
ISO 14064 :
New International
Standards for
Greenhouse Gas
Quantification, Reporting
and Verification

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005
 Summary
• Climate change programmes (voluntary, mandatory) have or are being
developed in many jurisdictions - there is a need for consistency in GHG
quantification, verification and accreditation approaches to reduce
duplication, minimize costs and provide for comparability.
• ISO 14064/5 standards:
9 Are GHG policy neutral;
9 Can be applied across organization and project types, sizes and
sectors;
9 Satisfy an important market need;
9 Involve a wide range of stakeholders;
9 Act as a common “building block” to initiatives or GHG
programmes;
9 Are auditable (ie, validation/verification).
¾ ISO 14064/5 is not a GHG programme or scheme, but discrete GHG
quantification, verification and accreditation tools for use by
organizations, project proponents or GHG programmes.
 ISO GHG Standards Status
Standard Current Status Expected
Publication
ISO 14064 - Part 1 • Final Draft ¾March 2006.
Organization quantification International Standard
• Vote closes Feb. 1/06
ISO 14064 - Part 2 • Final Draft ¾March 2006.
Project quantification International Standard
• Vote closes Feb. 1/06
ISO 14064 - Part 3 • Final Draft ¾March 2006.
Validation and verification International Standard
• Vote closes Feb. 1/06
ISO 14065 – • Draft International ¾Late-2006 to
Accreditation and Standard (DIS) to be early-2007.
recognition released Dec/05 or
Jan/06.
 ISO 14064 Available From
• In March 2006:

¾ ISO On-line Store (www.iso.org);

¾ CSA On-line Store (www.csa.ca);

¾ Your National Standards Body.

Thank you
Merci beaucoup
For more information:
Kevin Boehmer
Canadian Standards Association
kevin.boehmer@csa.ca
+1 416 747 22 31

United Nations Climate Change Conference Side Event

December 5, 2005