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Myofascial 360

The document describes various myofascial massage techniques for different parts of the body. It is divided into sections on the posterior, anterior, lateral and crossed myofascial chains. Each section contains photos and descriptions of massage strokes and techniques for specific muscle groups. The techniques are intended to loosen and manipulate the fascia and myofascial connections between muscles in each chain. The goal of the document is to teach practitioners different myofascial massage courses and techniques.

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)

263 views160 pages

Myofascial 360

Uploaded by

Onofrei Oana Elena

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 160

Francesco Ciaccia

MYO-FASCIAL
360°

Francesco Ciaccia
Reserved literary property of
ZoneRiflesse Company Srl
Via Trieste 100, Thiene (Vicenza)
36016
Second edition: January 2018
MASSAGE COURSES

INDEX

POSTERIOR MYO-FASCIAL CHAIN . . . . . . . . . 7

ANTERIOR MYO-FASCIAL CHAIN . . . . . . . . . 19

LATERAL MYO-FASCIAL CHAIN . . . . . . . . . . . 29

CROSSED MYO-FASCIAL CHAIN . . . . . . . . 39

The myo-fascial massage ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

The myo-fascial massage and its origins . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

The myo-fascial massage and its characteristics. . . . . 91

The process of a myo-fascial treatment session . . . 103

The massage and the main manipulations . . . . . . . . . . 113

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The manipulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

The benefits and contraindications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Contraindications ................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Suggested products ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

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POSTERIOR
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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1. Infra-tendon foot grooving

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2. Infra-tendon foot grooving

(variant with clenched fists)

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3. Loosening of rear leg

(calf and Achilles tendon)

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4. Loosening of rear leg

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5. Loosening of para-vertebral muscles

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6. Loosening of neck muscles

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7. Loosening of forehead muscles

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8. Loosening of the skullcap fascia

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ANTERIOR
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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1. Loosening of the back of the foot

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2. Distension of the tibial muscles

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3. Loosening of quadriceps with

closed fists

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4. Loosening of the quadriceps (variant

with forearms)

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5. Rectal-abdominal loosening

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6. Loosening of front of chest and neck

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LATERAL
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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1. Grooving of the outer band of the leg

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2. Grooving of the fasciae latae

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3. Loosening of the rib muscles

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4. Traction of the ipsilateral arm

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5. Loosening of the neck muscles

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CROSSED
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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1. Loosening of the dorsal-rib bands

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2. Loosening of the external oblique

muscles

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3. Crossed loosening of the band

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4. Contralateral arm tractions

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5. Loosening of the external leg and thigh

band

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POSTERIOR
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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ANTERIOR
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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LATERAL
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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CROSSED
MYO-FASCIAL
CHAIN

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THE
MYO-FASCIAL
MASSAGE

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The myo-fascial massage (myo = muscle

and fascial = from fascia) is a manual
therapy derived from the neuro-connective
treatment and is characterized by its work
done not on the muscles but “between the
muscles”.

It is a massage, in fact, that acts deeply on

the connective tissue and, in particular on
the connective fascia and on the structural
aponeurosis, so that any densifications are
eliminated, which are tissue zones of the
fascia which have become incapable of
satisfying the strains coming from the
muscle fibers even at a distance of years,
stretching and contracting.
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The connective tissue and, in particular, the

connective fascia, in fact, contracts and
compacts in response to physical, emotional
and environmental stress, causing the
formation of tension-promoting fibers even
in the fascial network.

There is always a point, in fact, of fascial

tension origin, but in the body an adaptation
process can happen to spread the tension
in very distant points, connecting all the
areas of the body and creating various
types of problems that can be solved
precisely through the fascial manipulation.

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Generally, the causes can be attributed to

accidents of various nature as well as
traumas, scars and even psycho-physical
stress conditions that can exert excessive
pressure and/or tensions, causing pain and
other more or less serious disorders that
vary depending on the area of appearance.

If in fact, these adhesions manifest them-

selves in the vicinity of a nerve, they could
cause phenomena of insensitivity, tingling
and pain, as in the case of sciatica or carpal
tunnel syndrome.

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My notes
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THE
MYO-FASCIAL
MASSAGE AND
ITS ORIGINS

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The Myo-fascial massage is little known

to the general public due to the lack
of interest and scant research carried out
in these years.

Despite this, this massage gathers the

testimonies of a series of study methods
that make this instrument their own:

• The methodology that gathered the

theoretical knowledge on the Marcel
Bienfait fascia;
• The osteopathic techniques of Andrew

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Taylor Still who used to use a therapy

based on manual contact both for the
diagnosis and for the treatment of the
disorder;

• The doctrine of Luigi Stecco who was

the first to bring to the fore the
importance of the connective tissue in
the treatment of musculo-skeletal
disorders, considering it a junction point
for the resolution of osteo-myo-articular
disorders and visceral dysfunctions.

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Despite the lack of celebrity, the results of

this manipulation are instead widely
appreciated and concretely determine the
physical and mental well-being: through
the myo-fascial massage it is not only
possible, in fact, to remedy the ailments
and annoying contractions in a very short
time but, thanks to applied pressure on the
connective tissue, it is possible to cure,
alleviate and eliminate pain by intervening
on improving flexibility.

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THE MYO-FASCIAL
MASSAGE AND ITS
CHARACTERISTICS

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The myo-fascial massage is a valid support

to the homonymous system, acting both on
the muscular front and on the nervous one
through a targeted action that involves the
use of energy and pressure to reactivate the
functions, relax the rigid connective tissue
and restore the interstitial fluid, improving
the fluidity of movements.

It is generally practiced, taking advantage

of the strength of the hands, of the elbows
and forearms and it makes use of gentle and
deep movements as well as tractions and
compressions.

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What sets it apart from the most famous

manipulations is certainly the slowness of
the movement which, in a rhythmic and
localized way, allows the operator to go
beyond the superficial zone of the fascia to
separate the muscular chains, moving the
subcutaneous planes in a professional
ways, grabbing them and moving them
across the line of the affected tissue.

This deep massage is therefore considered

an excellent tool to improve performance
in the sports and in the rehabilitation field:
it can bee used both for preventive

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purposes and for the treatment of muscle

contractures and is considered very valid
for athletes through whom they can offer
the best of their performance, avoiding
muscle trauma.

Similarly, the myo-fascial massage appears

to be particularly effective for anyone,
especially for the treatment of stiffness and
muscle contractions, even chronic ones.

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Another element that characterizes the

myo-fascial treatment is a developed
operator-client relationship to sense disor-
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ders and significantly improve their health.

In fact, for the purpose of the treatment,

the client's clinical story is necessary, to
allow the operator to understand the cause
of the problem and favor the client's
recovery, which will guide them with
different indications towards the direction,
duration and adequate intensity.

In this way, it is possible to establish a real

relationship through which the customer
will be able to communicate their feelings
and help the professional who, through the
pressure gradually released, will allow
them to do the rest and activate a series of
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mechanical, biochemical and neuro-

logical studies that are still under study.

The relationship between customer and

operator, so that the massage can guarantee
all its beneficial effects, must also be
characterized by the respiratory synchrony
to correlate with the insistence made by the
operator: maintaining a slow and regular
breath, in fact, is the first notion to enjoy of
considerable benefits.

During exhalation, in fact, pressures will be

made which will be repeated up to the base
of the neck.
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In the moment of inhalation, instead, the

muscular tension will increase noticeably,
unlike the exhalation in which the
decontraction of the muscles and the
ligaments will take place, transforming
them into soft and yielding areas.

Precisely for this reason, it is necessary

during the massage to maintain a slow and
regular respiratory rhythm also counting
up to 5 both during exhalation and
inhalation.

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THE PROCESS
OF A
MYO-FASCIAL
TREATMENT
SESSION

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A traditional myo-fascial massage session,

like any treatment, begins with an
understanding of the patient.

In fact, before the manipulation itself, the

operator must understand what to work on,
evaluating the problems present now as well
as past ones in each area of the body.

This evaluation is firstly carried out with a

careful examination of the client's clinical
history: recording any surgical inter-
ventions, fractures, contractures and pains is
therefore very important to understand what
may be the cause of the densifications.
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Immediately afterwards, it is necessary to

ascertain the client's capacities, through a
physical and palpatory check.

First, the operator will evaluate the stiff and

painful fascia by evaluating the painful
articulation, the neighboring ones as well as
the parts that could themselves be the cause
of pain to clearly identify the area to treat so
to improve the health of the client.

This phase is generally carried out through

the specific request to the client by

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the operator to move the painful muscle

segment in the three planes of the space,
controlling the joint limitation and then
implementing a counter-resistance, which
is opposing the maximum resistance to the
client's movement to test their muscular
strength, both on the painful side and on the
opposite side of the body.

Following the physical check, there is the

palpatory one, in which the operator
“touches” the part relating to the origin of
the pain, handling it in depth.

Often the densified areas are characterized

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by a particular “roughness” that an expert

hand can easily identify, without losing
unnecessary time.

After carrying out these preliminary

actions, the myo-fascial massage can start
by keeping in mind that, given its targeted
action, it is necessary to perform it in a
professional manner to avoid further
inflaming the already compromised tissues.

It's necessary that the manipulation is

carried out in a warm and relaxing atmos-
phere, possibly illuminated by weak lights
and background music in such a way to
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allow the client to relax completely,

making use of stretching, compressions
and pull-ups as well as the total use of both
hands.

In fact, the fingers and knuckles become

useful tools together with the forearms and
elbows through which to massage and/or
rub the epidermis according to the area to
be treated ant the severity of the muscle
stiffness, respecting a full-fledged massage
rhythm and causing friction and heat with
which to dissolve the points of abnormal
collagen.

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THE MASSAGE
AND THE MAIN
MANIPULATIONS

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To better understand in a detailed way the

sequences that characterize the myo-fascial
massage, it is necessary to create a detailed
profile of the manipulation and the
maneuvers that identify it.

Initially, the client lies down in a supine

position and the operator can “explore”
their body, trying to identify the points of
tension.
In this way any muscular stiffness can be
identified and it can be clearly understood if
there are muscular tensions under the
dermal state as well as the methods to
stretch the part.
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When the operator is able to palpate the

area which is causing pain, they will inter-
vene immediately to be able to give a
benefit.

Then, using the knuckles of the fingers and

the elbow, they will work for a long time on
the point, returning in a short time the ela-
sticity and fluidity of the typical movement
of the connective fascia, so that, even at the
end of the first session, the pain vanishes.

From the supine position we then move on

to the prone position to check the progress
made during the manipulation, and the ope
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-rator must request the client to reiterate the

motor and palpatory evaluation to verify the
improvements and, if necessary, reiterate
the action.

A session of myo-fascial therapy generally

does not last longer than 40 minutes but the
timing can also vary depending on the expe-
rience of the professional who, if needed,
may use more time to act at best and, if so,
extend the session up to a maximum of 90
minutes.

The psychophysical improvement takes

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place, despite the expectations, immedia-

tely: only in rare cases, in fact, the subject
feels better only in the following days.

A recurrence of pain can occur after

a few days of well-being: nothing to
worry about!

Feeling pain again can be evaluated

medically as a good sign as it
will be possible to determine the new
position of pain and densification.

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THE
MANIPULATIONS

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The myo-fascial massage uses

common maneuvers to other
manipulations but its intensity places
itself as an element of distinction.

Strength and energy, in fact, are the quali-

ties that characterize the movements and
pressures made with the thumbs and fin-
gers stretched over the entire area to treat,
performed mainly for decontracting pur-
poses that alternate with the intensity and
slowness of other movements and specific
techniques specially made both on the
connective fascia and on the entire
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musculature in such a way as to maintain

not only a continuity of movement, but also
so as not to violently attack the contractures
which, following a well-defined rhythm, can
dissolve without complications.

The maneuvers are generally made

following the delineation, which is the
carrying out of the vertical pressures that
extend along the muscular perimeter as well
as the loosening for which the therapist
performs a transversal action to move the
muscle laterally.

The pressure on paravertebral muscles, in the

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same way, also assumes an important role

for the realization of this massage and, for
their execution, generally, the professional
places their starting point with their hands
in the sacral area.

In this case, the masseur's instruments

must be positioned at a distance of about 2
centimeters from the vertebral column,
practicing perpendicular pressures
alternated by at least 4 seconds between
the vertebral spaces.
During this, it will be necessary to try to
coordinate the massage with the recipient's
breath.
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Another maneuver that must certainly be

considered for the implementation of this
treatment is the kneading: the hands,
positioned in the shape of the letter L, will
rest on the area to be treated and then will
need to grab and squeeze the area with the
thumbs that will move in correspondence of
the index fingers.

Step by step, you will follow the path from

the bottom up, relaxing and stretching the
muscles in a rhythmic manner so as to
loosen the muscles and not traumatize them.

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THE BENEFITS AND

CONTRAINDICATIO
NS

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The myo-fascial massage is a treatment

that's “gently” carried out in order to avoid
any defensive tensions and it produces so
many benefits that the body and mind will
enjoy in a deep and lasting way.

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Which are the benefits

that generally manage to
be brought by this
manipulation?

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• Tissue regeneration.

The myo-fascial massage has a

regenerating action on the tissue
level

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• The drainage of toxins.

This type of manipulation allows

to drain the toxins: the distension
of the fascia, in fact, stimulates
the lymphatic system;

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• Anti-stress and relaxing action.

The myo-fascial mainpulation plays

a deep action on the organism,
acting on the vegetative system.
This manipulation, carried out
through professional methods, can
also cause a state of profound rela-
xation, also helping to reduce ten-
sions and pressure in the connective
fascia, which completely covers the
entire muscular system;

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• Balancing action.

It's a massage that balances the

imbalances between the fascias,
improving the client's posture
and resolving any discomfort;

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• Increased blood supply.

The myo-fascial massage can

increase the blood supply, improve
both the venous and lymphatic
outflow, restore the fluidity to the
tissues, changing the personal
perception of stiffness and pain to
free the muscles and organs from the
constrictions associated with
densification of the connective
tissue;

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• It remedies for contractu-

res, scars and it rebalances
posture.

The myo-fascial massage

allows the improvement of the
contractures of the musculature,
such as scars and contractures,
and improves the disharmonies
of the posture;

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• Oxygenating
action.
By directly stimulating the
circulatory system, the
myofascial massage can perform
an oxygenating action;

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• Excellent tool for

sportsmen

Due to its characteristics aimed

at redefining the fluidity of
movements, the myo-fascial
massage appears to be a
concrete tool to improve the
performance of athletes.

143
MASSAGE COURSES

Just as various are the benefits of this

therapy, there are many situations to which
attention must be paid and which stand in
contrast to its benevolent meanings.

The myo-fascial massage is a massage

that can be done to all those who need
it without having any consequence.

144
MASSAGE COURSES

But, although it is easy to perform, there

are many situations in which the massage
is contraindicated such as:

• In case of fever and/or flu in the

acute phase with related symptoms
such as constipation and vomiting;

•Infections and/or infectious skin dise-

ases such as mycosis, dermatitis and
eczema;

• Problems related to blood circulation,

such as phlebitis and inflammatory
processes affecting the venous system
145
MASSAGE COURSES

such as varicose veins and thrombosis;

• Obvious skin inflammations and/or

burns;

•In case of recent trauma, fractures or

degenerative processes affecting the
connective and/or bone system such as
severe osteoporosis;

• If there are acute inflammatory

processes in progress characterized by
increased temperature, swelling,
redness and suspicious acute pain;

146
MASSAGE COURSES

• During digestion as it could worsen it;

• Problems related to heart failure with

edema in the lower limbs. In the event
that the heart cannot adequately fulfill
its “pump” function, the venous blood
will stagnate, also slowing down the
water reabsorption. The massage, the-
refore, would do nothing but increase
the venous load, an event that the
individual could certainly not tolerate;

147
MASSAGE COURSES

• In the case in which kidney stones

are diagnosed (the increase in diuresis
could put firm stones into circulation)
and/or malignant neoplasms as the
favoring of the circulation would do
nothing but increase the spread of
cancer cells both in the blood and
lymphatic circulation.

• In the case of menstrual period

(avoiding, however, the areas of the
abdomen, thighs, buttocks and
lumbosacral area);

• The period of pregnancy during which

148
MASSAGE COURSES

the massage of the lumbosacral area

and abdomen will be excluded.
Furthermore, it will not be possible to
undergo massage during the first
trimester of gestation.

149
MASSAGE COURSES

Like it is necessary to pay attention to the

progress of this treatment when the
customer has symptoms that do not allow
them to undergo, in teh same way also the
operator, when they go through phases in
which the symptoms appear to be limiting
or in the optimal emotional conditions,
they should adhere to the course of the
therapeutic activities.

150
MASSAGE COURSES

My notes
.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

151
MASSAGE COURSES

My notes
.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

152
MASSAGE COURSES

CONTRAINDICATIONS

The following are the general contraindications.

Obviously the unwritten rule of “common sense”
and of working in science and conscience
always applies.

153
MASSAGE COURSES

• Feverish states

• Ulcers

• Inflammatory states

• In the presence of joint prostheses (in

the arm tractioning phase)

• Excessive pain during treatment

• Phlebitis

• Fibromyalgia

• Any time that common sense tells you

STOP

154
MASSAGE COURSES

My notes
.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................
155
MASSAGE COURSES

Bibliography

http://www.fisioterapiarubiera.com/cura/massaggio-miofasciale/

http://www.benessere.com/remise/massaggio/massaggio_miofasciale.htm

http://www.lastampa.it/2011/01/11/scienza/benessere/medicina-
naturale/eliminare-il-dolore-tramite-la-manipolazione-della-fascia-
twZe6vI16ePXTmQ6W4flTL/pagina.html

http://www.nonsolomassaggi.com/massaggio_miofasciale.html

http://www.somatologia.it/benessere/rilassamento-psico-fisico/trattamento-
miofasciale

http://www.benedinicarlo.it/services-view/miofasciale/

http://www.chinesislab.it/massaggio-mio-fasciale-caratteristiche-e-benefici/

http://www.benessere.com/remise/massaggio/massaggio_miofasciale.htm

http://www.fascialmanipulation.com/it/about-fascial-manipulation.
aspx?lang=it

156
MASSAGE COURSES

There are an infinite number of massage

products on the market. Often these are on a
chemical basis and with a high percentage of
petroleum derivatives (parabens).

For best results, we recommend using

vegetable-based products so that they do
not harm the skin.

157
MASSAGE COURSES

158
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