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Learner Activity Workbook CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package

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148 views80 pages

Learner Activity Workbook CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package

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Komal Sharma

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Learner Activity Workbook

CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package

Learner name: _______________________________

This Workbook incorporates the following unit:

CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry
Disclaimer: Copyright:
This work is under copyright and © ATAR Resources Group Pty Ltd 2021
permission is not given to make copies for www.atardesign.com.au
hire or resale to third parties to use the
resources for their own or commercial use. Developed by:
This resource was written and developed
ATAR Resources Group Pty Ltd does not by ATAR Resources Group and
give warranty or accept any legal liability contextualised and validated by NOVA.
in relation to the content of this work.
Acknowledgement:
Licenced to: Thanks to ATAR Resources Group and
Nova Institute of Technology NOVA staff for their consultation and
RTO Code: 29184 development work.
Level 4, 220 Albert Road
South Melbourne VIC 3205 Version:
NOVA V1

Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training
procedures in the construction industry V1 Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced,
published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 2 of 80
Contents
Unit of competency.....................................................................................................................6
Overview/Competency demonstration..........................................................................................6
CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry.......6
Identify and assess risks.......................................................................................................6
Identify hazardous materials and other hazards on work sites................................................6
Plan and prepare for safe work practices...............................................................................7
Apply safe work practices.....................................................................................................7
Follow emergency procedures...............................................................................................7
Learner Activity Workbook Overview............................................................................................8
Instructions................................................................................................................................9
Learning Activities................................................................................................................9
Simulated Learning Activities................................................................................................9
Self-Assessment Questionnaire.............................................................................................9
Section 1 – Identify and assess risks..........................................................................................10
What is workplace safety?..................................................................................................10
How do you know what safety requirements apply to your workplace?..................................10
Acts, regulations, codes and standards................................................................................10
Duty of Care......................................................................................................................11
Identify work health and safety hazards, assess risks and implement suitable controls...........11
Acts, regulations, codes and standards................................................................................11
WHS legal pyramid.............................................................................................................11
List of WHS legislation, regulations and workplace safety authorities.....................................12
Guidance material..............................................................................................................13
National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work..............................................13
About the Construction Induction Training and Card.............................................................14
Apply for the card..............................................................................................................14
'Red card holders'...............................................................................................................14
New South Wales...............................................................................................................15
Australian Capital Territory.................................................................................................15
Northern Territory..............................................................................................................15
Tasmania...........................................................................................................................16
Western Australia...............................................................................................................16
South Australia..................................................................................................................17
Queensland.......................................................................................................................17
Victoria..............................................................................................................................17
Policies and Procedures......................................................................................................18
Policies..............................................................................................................................18
What should a policy contain?.............................................................................................18
Procedures........................................................................................................................19
Induction...........................................................................................................................19
Hazards and risks...............................................................................................................19
Types of hazards................................................................................................................20
Acute and chronic hazards..................................................................................................21
Incident reporting..............................................................................................................23
Notifiable incidents.............................................................................................................23
Learning Activities Section 1......................................................................................................24
Section 2 – Identify hazardous materials and other hazards on work sites....................................27
Hazardous materials...........................................................................................................27
Asbestos Containing Material (ACM)....................................................................................27
Controlling the risks of ACM................................................................................................28
Designated Personnel.........................................................................................................28
Types of risks....................................................................................................................28
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training
procedures in the construction industry V1 Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced,
published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 3 of 80
Risk assessment rating matrix.............................................................................................29
Likelihood..........................................................................................................................29
Consequence.....................................................................................................................30
Risk management priority...................................................................................................31
Hierarchy of Control...........................................................................................................31
Risk Assessment................................................................................................................32
Deciding on the most suitable Control Measures using the ‘Hierarchy of Control’....................37
Learning Activities Section 2......................................................................................................38
Section 3 – Plan and prepare for safe work practices..................................................................40
Personal protective equipment (PPE)...................................................................................40
Read and follow safety warning signs..................................................................................41
Safety signage on the construction site................................................................................41
Learning Activities Section 3......................................................................................................43
Section 4 – Apply safe work practices........................................................................................45
Tools.................................................................................................................................45
Hand tools.........................................................................................................................45
Power tools........................................................................................................................45
Operator manuals..............................................................................................................45
Safety Data Sheets (SDS)...................................................................................................47
Job safety analysis (JSA)....................................................................................................49
Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS)...............................................................................49
Learning Activities Section 4......................................................................................................52
Section 5 – Follow emergency procedures..................................................................................55
Emergencies and evacuation procedures.............................................................................55
Firefighting equipment........................................................................................................57
Fire hazards.......................................................................................................................57
Common causes of fires onsite............................................................................................57
How to prevent fires...........................................................................................................58
In the event of a fire..........................................................................................................58
Extinguishing fires..............................................................................................................58
Classes of fire....................................................................................................................59
Types of extinguishers........................................................................................................60
Parts of a fire extinguisher..................................................................................................61
Hose reels.........................................................................................................................62
Fire blankets......................................................................................................................62
First aid.............................................................................................................................62
Safe practices for First Aid..................................................................................................63
Learning Activities Section 5......................................................................................................64
Further Reading........................................................................................................................68
Learning Activities Record.........................................................................................................70
Unit of competency...................................................................................................................70
Instructions for the Learner................................................................................................70
Instructions for the Trainer.................................................................................................70
Simulated Learning Activities.....................................................................................................71
Simulated Learning Activities Record..........................................................................................73
Unit of competency...................................................................................................................73
Instructions for the Learner................................................................................................73
Instructions for the Trainer.................................................................................................73
Self-Assessment Questionnaire – Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the
construction industry.................................................................................................................74
Self-Assessment Record............................................................................................................77
Unit of competency...................................................................................................................77
Instructions for the Learner................................................................................................77

Overview/Competency demonstration
This Workbook covers the following unit of competency:

CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the

construction industry
This unit specifies the outcomes required to carry out work health and safety (WHS) requirements
through safe work practices in all on- or off-site construction workplaces.

It requires the performance of work in a safe manner through awareness of risks and work
requirements, and the planning and performance of safe work practices with concern for personal
safety and the safety of others.

The unit covers fundamental WHS requirements necessary to undertake work tasks within any
sector in the construction industry. It includes the identification of hazardous materials, including
asbestos, and compliance with legislated work safety practices. It does not cover removal of
asbestos, which is a licensed activity.

It applies to workers in the construction industry.

This unit also relates directly to the general construction induction training requirements of the
Model Work Health and Safety Regulations 2011 and relevant occupational health and safety
regulations for Victoria and for Western Australia. Achievement of CPCCWHS1001 Prepare to work
safely in the construction industry covers these induction training requirements.

No licensing, legislative or certification requirements apply to this unit at the time of publication.

To demonstrate your competency in this unit you will need to provide evidence of your ability to:

Identify and assess risks

 Identify, assess and report hazards in the work area to designated personnel.
 Report safety risks in the work area based on identified hazards, to designated personnel.
 Follow safe work practices, duty of care requirements and safe work instructions for controlling
risks.
 Contribute to WHS, hazard, accident or incident reports in accordance with workplace
procedures, Australian government and state or territory WHS legislation, and relevant
information.

Identify hazardous materials and other hazards on work sites

 Correctly identify and, if appropriate, handle and use hazardous materials on a work site in
accordance with legislative requirements, and workplace policies and procedures.
 Apply measures for controlling risks and construction hazards effectively and immediately.
 Use appropriate signs and symbols to secure hazardous materials that have safety implications
for self and other workers, immediately they are identified.
 Identify asbestos-containing materials on a work site and report to designated personnel.

 Identify, wear, correctly fit, use and store correct personal protective equipment and clothing
for each area of construction work in accordance with workplace procedures
 Select tools, equipment and materials, and organise tasks in conjunction with other personnel
on site and in accordance with workplace procedures.
 Determine required barricades and signage, and erect at the appropriate site location.
 Apply material safety data sheets (MSDSs), job safety analyses (JSAs) and safe work method
statements (SWMSs) relevant to the work to be performed.

Apply safe work practices

 Carry out tasks in a manner that is safe for operators, other personnel and the general
community, in accordance with legislative requirements, and workplace policies and procedures.
 Use plant and equipment guards in accordance with manufacturers’ specifications, work site
regulations and Australian Standards.
 Follow procedures and report hazards, incidents and injuries to relevant authorities.
 Recognise and do not use prohibited tools and equipment in areas containing identified
asbestos.
 Identify and follow requirements of work site safety signs and symbols.
 Clear and maintain work site area to prevent and protect self and others from incidents and
accidents, and to meet environmental requirements.

Follow emergency procedures

 Identify designated personnel in the event of an emergency for communication purposes.

 Follow safe workplace procedures for dealing with accidents, fire and other emergencies,
including identification and use, if appropriate, of fire equipment within scope of own
responsibilities.
 Describe, practice and effectively carry out emergency response and evacuation procedures
when required.
 Carry out emergency first aid treatment of minor injuries and, as soon as possible, accurately
report treatment details to designated personnel.

Prerequisite units: Nil

https://training.gov.au/Training/Details/CPCCWHS2001

The Learner Activity Workbook incorporates the following tasks, to help you identify your areas of
strength, and target areas of work:
 Learning Activities
 Simulated Learning Activities
 Self-Assessment Questionnaire

This Learner Activity Workbook does not need to be submitted to your Trainer, however the ‘Final
Learning Participation Outcome Record’ sheets for this unit of competency are required to be
submitted as evidence of participation and readiness for assessment.

Simulated Learning Activities

 The Simulated Learning Activities are to be completed in a simulated learning environment,
under specific instruction by your Trainer.
 Simulated Learning Activities incorporate case studies, scenarios and lifelike examples, to
support positive learning for the Learner to replicate real experiences that occur in a workplace
setting. Where applicable, scenarios have forms and templates that are provided.
 To complete the Simulated Learning Activities, the following resources are required:
- Simulated Policies and Procedures
- Simulated Work plans, drawings and specifications
- Learner Activity Workbook
 Where Simulated Activities require specific resources, these will be listed in the Simulated
Activity task instructions.
 The Learner must sign, date, and submit the ‘Simulated Learning Activities Record’, once they
complete the Simulated Learning.

Self-Assessment Questionnaire
 At the end of this Workbook there is a Self-Assessment Questionnaire that you must complete
to show that you are ready to be assessed in this unit of competency.
 You must answer all questions in the Self-Assessment Questionnaire.
 Your answers to these questions will form part of your participation of learning evidence
gathered to determine your readiness for assessment.
 You must sign, date and submit the ‘Self-Assessment Record’, once you complete the Self-
Assessment Questionnaire.

Note: The ‘Final Learning Participation Outcome Record’ sheet must be submitted to your Trainer,
before you can commence assessment.

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘What does safe at work mean?’

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5OrQjft8zM

How do you know what safety requirements apply to your workplace?

Recently the old OHS laws have been replaced with the new Work Health and Safety Act. There are
a range of new Codes of Practice, safety standards, regulations and insurance impacts that affect
the workplace. Each workplace will have different WHS requirements that must be met. At the most
basic level an employer is required to provide a safe workplace as reasonably practicable.

You can access your relevant state legislation at http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au.

Acts, regulations, codes and standards

Regulations Codes of Practices and

Industry Standards
Acts Set out safety requirements for
specific industries and tasks – Are guidelines that give examples on
Set out general safety requirements what must be done how to carry out the task safely.
and enforcement policies. (i.e. provide safe plant) but give They are the minimum standard to
limited details on be followed unless an equal or better
how to make it safe. standard can be provided.

This includes:
 Employers and self-employed persons
 Persons in control of the work site
 Supervisors
 Designers, Manufacturers and Suppliers of plant and equipment
 Workers/employees/personnel including people from a range of cultural, social and religious
backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities.
 Sub-contractors

Identify work health and safety hazards, assess risks and implement suitable controls

Acts, regulations, codes and standards

The Australian WHS legal framework consists of a tiered hierarchy of Act, Regulation, Codes of
Practice and Standards.

Regulations Codes of Practices and

Acts Industry Standards
Set out safety requirements for
specific industries and tasks – Are guidelines that give examples on
Set out general
what must be done how to carry out the task safely. They
safety requirements and enforcement
(i.e. provide safe plant) but give are the minimum standard to be
policies.
limited details on followed unless an equal or better
how to make it safe. standard can be provided.

WHS legal pyramid

Elements of the WHS legislation and how the fit together.

Act
s

Regulations

Codes of Practice

Australian Standards

Industry Standards and

Guidance Notes

Legislation
Federal Work Health and Safety Act (2011)

ACT Work Health and Safety Act (2011)

NSW Work Health and Safety Act (2011)

NT Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act (2011)

QLD Work Health and Safety Act (2011)

SA Work Health and Safety Act 2012

TAS Work Health and Safety Act 2012

VIC Occupational Health and Safety Act (2004)

WA Occupational Safety and Health Act (1984)

Regulations
Federal Work Health and Safety Regulations (2011)

ACT Work Health and Safety Regulation (2011)

NSW Work Health and Safety Regulation (2017)

NT Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Regulations

QLD Work Health and Safety Regulation (2011)

SA Work Health and Safety Regulations (2012)

TAS Work Health and Safety Regulations (2012)

VIC Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (2017)

WA Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (1996)

List of ‘legislation’ websites (where each jurisdiction ‘stores’ their legislation)

Federal www.comlaw.gov.au

NSW www.legislation.nsw.gov.au

NT www.dcm.nt.gov.au

QLD www.legislation.qld.gov.au

SA www.legislation.sa.gov.au

TAS www.thelaw.tas.gov.au

VIC www.legislation.vic.gov.au

WA www.slp.wa.gov.au

Workplace safety statutory bodies

Federal Safe Work Australia www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au

ACT WorkSafe ACT www.worksafe.act.gov.au

NSW SafeWork NSW www.safework.nsw.gov.au

NT NT WorkSafe www.worksafe.nt.gov.au

QLD Workplace Health and Safety Queensland www.worksafe.qld.gov.au

SA SafeWork SA www.safework.sa.gov.au

TAS WorkSafe Tasmania www.worksafe.tas.gov.au

VIC WorkSafe Victoria www.worksafe.vic.gov.au

WA WorkSafe WA www.worksafe.wa.gov.au

Guidance material
Each statutory authority provides a range of guidance material, such as Compliance Codes, codes of
practice, alerts, notes and so on. Often, the guidance material relates to a topic (e.g. PPE) or
industry (e.g. Horticulture, Mining). Search the relevant authority website for either the topic,
industry sector or other suitable term.’

National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work

The National Standard for Construction Work [NOHSC:1016 (2005)] (the National Standard), aims
to protect persons from the hazards associated with construction work. This Code of Practice
provides guidance to persons working in the general and residential construction sectors on the
types of induction training that may be needed to provide construction workers with an awareness
and understanding of common hazards on construction sites and how they should be managed.

Read the National Standard at:

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1702/inductionforconstructionwork_
2007_pdf.pdf

The following information on Construction Induction Training and Card is from:

https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/pages/safety-and-prevention/licensing/worksafe-licence-types-
and-fees/construction-induction-card

An employer must not knowingly refuse to accept from a person

(a) a current construction induction card; or
(b) a construction statement of attainment issued to a person within the previous 60-day period; or
(c) a card evidencing completion before 1 July 2008 of the Construction Industry Basic Induction
training course; or
(d) recognised evidence of construction induction training.

Apply for the card

 To obtain a construction induction card, you must attend a construction induction training
course with a registered training organisation (RTO). You must provide the RTO with photo ID.
 While you wait for your construction induction card to be issued, you can use the 'statement of
attainment' issued by the RTO as proof of having completed the training.
 As long as you have a statement of attainment, you can do construction work while waiting to
receive your construction induction card.

'Red card holders'

Holders of evidence of completion of the Construction Induction Basic Training course before 1 July
2008 ('red card' holders) are exempt from the requirement to hold a current construction induction
card. An employer must accept a card evidencing completion of the Construction Induction Basic
Training course before 1 July 2008.

Holders of a red card who want to apply for a current construction induction card ('white card') can
use the 'red card' as written evidence of having completed the Construction Industry Basic
Induction training course before 1 July 2008 provided the card is legible and contains sufficient
information to satisfy the Authority/RTO that the applicant completed the required training prior to
1 July 2008. Where the applicant does not have a suitable 'red card' a statement of attainment
issued by the RTO who provided the training will be required.

If the applicant cannot produce either of these documents or has not undertaken construction work
for more than two years Construction induction training will need to be undertaken to obtain a
'white card'.

New South Wales

Sample NSW GIT card issued under the WHS Regulation (from 1 June 2016)

Australian Capital Territory

Sample ACT construction induction card (from 1 January 2012)

Northern Territory

Sample Northern Territory card

Sample Tasmania card

Western Australia
Both Western Australian blue cards and construction induction cards, issued by WorkSafe Western
Australia, are recognised in NSW.

Sample Western Australia construction induction card

Sample Western Australia blue card

Sample South Australia Card

Queensland

Sample Queensland white card

Sample Queensland blue card

Victoria

Sample Victorian induction construction card

‘Reasonably practicable’ has regard to:

• The severity of the hazard or risk.
• The state of knowledge about that hazard or risk and any ways of removing or mitigating it.
• The availability and suitability of ways to remove or mitigate the hazard or risk.
• The cost of removing or minimising that hazard or risk. [OHS Act Vic 20(2)]

This includes:
• Providing and maintaining plant or systems of work that are, so far as is reasonably practicable,
safe and without risks to health.
• Providing information, instruction, training or supervision necessary to enable employees to
perform their work in a way that is safe and without risks to health.

In order to meet these requirements, policies and procedures should be developed for the
workplace.

Policies
There may be a need for many workplace policies including general WHS, environmental, workplace
bullying and intimidation, alcohol and drugs, etc.

A policy describes:
• The desired standard
• A timeframe
• Management’s commitment to fulfilling the policy
• What is expected of all employees in relation to the particular issue

What should a policy contain?

• The health and safety objectives of the business, and how the employer will implement the
policy to achieve those objectives.
• The WHS roles and responsibilities of managers, supervisors and all people with a role to play in
health and safety.
• That the policy was prepared in consultation with staff or their elected health and safety
representatives.
• The policy should be signed off by the business owner and a worker representative, and should
have a date for review. All people affected by the policy should be informed about it.
• Everyone should easily understand the policy. It may be necessary to translate it into other
languages.

Management should ensure that all people in the workplace are made aware of the policy. Its
contents need to be clearly explained. Everyone should be encouraged to ask questions of the
employer if they do not understand their roles and responsibilities.

Where there are workplace hazards and risks to the health and safety of people, the procedure sets
out what to do at every stage of the activity to avoid accidents and injuries to all people.

To develop a procedure all potential hazards should be considered. The steps should be in the
correct sequence. Developing a safe system of work can be achieved by completing a Job Safety
Analysis. Ensure that all aspects have been considered for the procedure.

Once procedures are in place, workers should be trained to follow the procedures. Ideally, Standard
Operating Procedures will be developed with the involvement of all people from the workplace who
work at the tasks.

Induction
Every employer should have procedures that ensure a new employee is carefully and thoroughly
inducted into the workplace. A variety of policies, procedures and forms may be used during this
process and will be dependent on legislated requirements and individual business needs. An
Enterprise WHS Consultation Procedure and Induction is a good starting point, as it ensures the
importance of WHS and safe work practices are very evident from day one.

Employees also have specific responsibilities:

• To be responsible for your own health and safety
• Act in a manner that will not affect the safety of yourself or others
• Make a constructive contribution to workplace meetings, workplace activities, inspections
• Raise OHS issues with designated personnel according to organisational procedures
• Complete daily tasks and operate equipment following designated safe work procedures
• To never work under the influence of drugs or alcohol
• Correctly use and look after any Personal Protective Equipment provided
• Follow all reasonable instructions
• Participates in appropriate induction and training as required

For more information visit http://www.vwa.vic.gov.au/laws-and-regulations/worker-rights-and-

responsibilities

Many organisations cover the responsibilities of employees in their policies, procedures, induction
programs, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and employee handbooks. These documents will
give you some guidance into the expectations, culture and requirements of your workplace.

Hazards and risks

It is everyone’s responsibility to ensure they identify and report hazards and risks in the workplace.

A ‘hazard’ can be anything that has the potential to harm. Hazards can include things like –
equipment or machinery, exposure to electrical currents, heights, loud noise, dangerous chemicals
or substances and so on. A hazard is also known as the ‘source’ of potential harm/injury.

A ‘risk’ is the likelihood or level of impact determined when a hazard has been identified. The
important thing to note is that the level of risk is dependent on the hazard and will either increase
or decrease in impact and severity.

Types of hazards
The three main hazard groups:

1. Physical  Noise
 Electrical
 Radiation
 Structural collapse/damage
 Slips/falls
 Temperature
 Holes/trenches
 Electrical safety work in confined spaces
 Excavations, including trenches
 Falling objects

2. Chemical  Gas
 Dusts
 Inhalation
 Intoxication
 Skin exposure to dangerous substances
 Chemical spills

3. Biological hazards  Bodily fluids

 Viruses
 Bacteria
 Blood borne/contracted diseases
 HIV and other infectious diseases

‘Chronic hazards’ have a more hidden, cumulative, long-term impact e.g. workplace bullying, where
the long-term impact may result in stress or other psychological injury.

Hazard management process:

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If you identify a hazard in your workplace you are obliged under the law to report it. Usually your
employer will have a form to be completed. The information required includes; your name, the date
and time, area and your supervisor’s name. You need to describe what happened or the nature of
the hazard. The form also asks you to suggest some possible solutions to the problem.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMqyinvXfZo

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Moving materials safely around house construction sites’

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3RZr6YLQPho

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Managing waste on house construction sites’:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muzvbOcezDc

Certain sorts of workplace mishaps must be reported to your regulator, according to the model
WHS Act.

Only the most serious safety accidents must be reported to your regulator, and they trigger
requirements to maintain the incident site pending further instructions from your regulator.

Notifiable incidents
Notifiable incidents are:
 The death of a person—whether an employee, contractor or member of the public.
 A serious injury or illness.
 A dangerous incident that exposes any person to a serious risk, even if no one is injured.

If a notifiable incident occurs the model WHS Act states that:

 The regulator must be immediately notified.
 Written notification must be submitted within 48 hours if requested by the regulator.
 The incident site is preserved until an inspector arrives or directs otherwise. However, this
doesn’t prevent any action to help an injured person or make the site safe.

Call 000 if there is an immediate risk to life.

Refer to your state/territory regulator for further information.

 Regulations set out general safety requirements and enforcement policies

 Regulations set out safety requirements for specific industries and tasks – what must be done
(i.e. provide safe plant) but give limited details on how to make it safe.
 Regulations are guidelines that give examples on how to carry out the task safely.
 None of the above

1.2 True or false. All personnel have a legal responsibility under duty of care to do everything
reasonably practicable to protect others from harm by complying with safe work practices, including
activities that require licences, tickets or certificates of competency or any other relevant state and
territory WHS requirements.

 True
 False

1.3 Draw the WHS legal pyramid.

 Implementing arrangements for the safe use, handling, storage and transport of chemicals
 Maintaining the workplace in a safe condition
 Making sure workers have adequate information, training and supervision to work in a safe and
healthy manner
 Providing and maintaining safe plant and systems of work
 Providing workers and contractors with adequate facilities
 All of the above

1.5 An employer should, so far as is reasonably practicable, provide and maintain for employees a
working environment that is safe and without risks to health. ‘Reasonably practicable’ has regard
to:

 The availability and suitability of ways to remove or mitigate the hazard or risk
 The cost of removing or minimising that hazard or risk
 Whether workers have time to manage hazards
 The severity of the hazard or risk
 The state of knowledge about that hazard or risk and any ways of removing or mitigating it
 All of the above

1.6 What is a hazard? Provide an example.

1.8 What are the 3 steps of the hazard management process? Complete the diagram.

Learner Name:

Section 2 – Identify hazardous materials and other hazards on work sites

Hazardous materials
Hazardous materials include the following:
 ACM (Asbestos Containing Materials)
 Cleaning chemicals, including those in pressurised containers
 Glues
 Insulation materials
 Solvents
 Treated timber products

It is important to follow the correct waste management procedures to safely remove hazardous
material. Any nontoxic materials are to be removed safely according to correct safe handling
procedures.

Asbestos Containing Material (ACM)

Asbestos is a type of natural mineral that is generated within the surface of the earth. The fibres in
asbestos are very fine to the point where they cannot be seen by the human eye alone. Because of
the fibre’s thin properties, asbestos is hazardous to humans as it can easily be breathed into the
lungs. Asbestos is now banned (officially in December 2003) from being used as a material on any
building site. Some older construction sites may contain the presence of asbestos in the materials
so it is essential that you are made aware of the asbestos reporting or removal process on the
worksite.

It is important to remember that not everybody is equipped with the knowledge, skills and tools
required to remove asbestos. There are specific certified licensed asbestos removers who can
perform the removal work. Having a licensed person remove asbestos will depend on its size and
quantity.

The best thing to do is to report to your direct supervisor (or equivalent person in charge) that you
have identified asbestos so they can take further action in managing the removal.

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Clear and present danger: Asbestos exposed’

Controlling the risks of ACM

Some management strategies to control the risks associated with ACM include:
 Warning signage
 Correct labelling of materials
 Accurate reporting of materials which contain ACM
 Ongoing asbestos training and support

Designated Personnel
Designated personnel to be contacted in case of an emergency, accident, fire or to report a risk
such as identification of ACM are:
 Designated safety officers, determined by the enterprise, who have undertaken specific safety
response training
 Managers or other senior personnel
 Personnel competent and/or licensed in the safe handling of asbestos
 Supervisors

For further information on asbestos, read Safe Work Australia’s Code of Practice on ‘How to manage
and control asbestos in the Workplace’ at
https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1705/mcop-how-to-manage-and-
control-asbestos-in-the-workplace-v2.pdf (Supplementary document)

Types of risks

Inherent risk The combination of likelihood and consequence assigned to a particular

hazard under the assumption that there are no control measures in
place.

Residual risk The risk assessed with the control measures in place. To manage the
residual risk, every effort must be made to ensure the implemented
control measures have taken into account both the reduction of
‘likelihood’ and ‘consequence’. Residual risk is assessed to ensure the
implemented control measures provide appropriate protection, thereby
resulting in an acceptable level of risk.

Typically, if the residual risk is:

 Low, then the approval of the relevant supervisor is required prior to the job commencing
 Moderate/Medium, then the approval of the relevant department supervisor is required prior to
the job commencing
 High/Extreme, then the approval of the department manager or superintendent is required prior
to the job commencing

If the inherent and residual risks that have been identified, you will then need to assess the
consequences of those risks. Once you have determined the consequences, you can implement
appropriate safety measures/controls

Consequence
Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic

Almost
High High Extreme Extreme Extreme
certain

Likely Moderate High High Extreme Extreme

Likelihood

Possible Low Moderate High Extreme Extreme

Unlikely Low Low Moderate High Extreme

Rare Low Low Moderate High High

Likelihood
The likelihood or probability of injury, illness or damage occurring is categorised as follows:

Level Description

Almost certain Most likely outcome, could occur any time (daily)

Likely Likely to occur, even 50/50 chance (weekly)

Possible Might occur at some time (monthly)

Unlikely Unlikely to occur, but history of the event exists within the industry (yearly)

Practically impossible, no known history of event occurring, in exceptional

Rare
circumstances

Severity Description

Multiple fatalities, extensive financial loss, severe business disruption,

Catastrophic
severe environmental damage

Fatality, significant financial loss, major business disruption, major

Major
environmental damage

Serious injury with a long period (10 days or more) off work and/or
Moderate permanent impairment, substantial financial loss, notable business
disruption (more than 1 day)
Lost time injury but not permanent impairment with less than 10 days off
Minor work, contaminant release contained without outside assistance, notable
financial loss, a slight business disruption (property damage)
Superficial injury or illness such as minor cuts and bruises, first aid
Insignificant treatment, negligible financial loss, minor property damage, contaminant
release immediately contained

Likelihood Consequence Severity

Priority Description
 Action to reduce risk is mandatory
 If work is in progress and an activity is identified as extreme risk – cease
Extreme work immediately
 Work will not commence until action has been taken to lower the risk to
another category
 Action to reduce risk is mandatory
 If work is in progress and an activity is identified as high risk – consider
High ceasing work
 Immediate action must be taken or controls implemented to reduce the risk
 Approval must be obtained from management to continue work
 Action to reduce risk should be taken
 Action must be based on the Hierarchy of Controls
Moderate  Short-term action can be administrative controls or protective equipment
 Employees must be made aware of the risk and controls to be taken
 Plans for further mitigation must be implemented

 Action to reduce risk should be taken

Low  Action must be based on the Hierarchy of Controls
 Administrative procedures or protective equipment may control the risk

Hierarchy of Control
The Hierarchy of Control outlines the types of controls that can be implemented to mitigate and
eliminate safety hazards.

Effectiveness Type of control Example

Most effective Discontinue use of product or equipment, and

Elimination
cease work process.
Can the task, process, equipment be
Substitution
substituted with a less hazardous one?
Can the hazard be isolated to prevent
Isolation
exposure?
Can the task, equipment, process be
Engineering controls
re-designed to reduce the risk?
Provide training, information to employees to
Administration controls
ensure they can work safely.

Equipment provided to place a barrier

Personal protective equipment
between employee and the hazard.
Least effective

Risk Assessment

Workplace location: 131 Nepean Hwy Rye Date: 13/08/2017

Name of person
Mitch Taylor
conducting assessment:

Spot the Hazard Assess the Risk Fix the Problem Evaluate Results
Identify the What are the hazards Is the risk If the risk is deemed By By Go through the first 3
work task or associated with each associated with unacceptable for the task, what whom? when? steps
activity? activity? the hazard low, will be done to reduce or remove again to ensure risk levels
moderate, the risk? are now at an acceptable
significant or level
high? Revised risk level
1. Entry to site  Entry to unsafe L  Report to site office for site MT 14/8 L
area induction
 Movement of site  Risk assessment of site
personnel, vehicles, conditions
plant and  Training of all employees
equipment

2. Unloading  Fall from vehicle L  Manual handling training MT, JK 14/8 L

equipment  Manual handling  Wear gloves (PPE)
injuries  Unload equipment on a level
 Slips, trips and falls clear area

Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry V1 CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted
without permission. Page 32 of 80
Spot the Hazard Assess the Risk Fix the Problem Evaluate Results
Identify the What are the hazards Is the risk If the risk is deemed By By Go through the first 3
work task or associated with each associated with unacceptable for the task, what whom? when? steps
activity? activity? the hazard low, will be done to reduce or remove again to ensure risk levels
moderate, the risk? are now at an acceptable
significant or level
high? Revised risk level
3. Setting up  Trips and falls M  Ensure site is clear of all MT 14/8 L
equipment debris and obstructions
 Barricade work and fall areas

4. Drilling piers  Hit by auger/ H  Ensure plant operators are MT, JK 14/8 M
bobcat/ excavator suitably trained and licenced
 Fall in holes  Implement training and use of
PPE equipment such as high
vis vests and hard hats
 Ensure all personnel are
trained on relevant works and
have had a site induction
5. Placing  Run over by M  Truck drivers to be made MT, JK 14/8 L
concrete in piers concrete pump or aware of site entry
trucks  Reverse siren to be used on
concrete pumps and trucks
 Relevant personnel to be in
sight of driver at all times

Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry V1 CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted
without permission. Page 33 of 80
Spot the Hazard Assess the Risk Fix the Problem Evaluate Results
Identify the What are the hazards Is the risk If the risk is deemed By By Go through the first 3
work task or associated with each associated with unacceptable for the task, what whom? when? steps
activity? activity? the hazard low, will be done to reduce or remove again to ensure risk levels
moderate, the risk? are now at an acceptable
significant or level
high? Revised risk level
6. Installing  Manual handling L  Use PPE equipment MT, JK 14/8 L
pegs for boards injuries  All relevant personnel to be
trained in the use and shown
the correct procedure in using
equipment
 Manual handling training

7. Installation of  Manual handling M  Manual handling training MT, JK 14/8 L

formwork injuries  Ensure hands and limbs are
 Hit by materials out of range
 Nail gun injury  Personnel to keep others in
line of sight

8. Fill slab  Hit by equipment M  Training in the use of shovels MT, JK 14/8 L
 Manual handling and wheelbarrows
injuries  PPE equipment – eye
 Eye injuries from protection
dust  Sun protection including
 Sunburn sunscreen, hats and shirts

Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry V1 CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted
without permission. Page 34 of 80
Spot the Hazard Assess the Risk Fix the Problem Evaluate Results
Identify the What are the hazards Is the risk If the risk is deemed By By Go through the first 3
work task or associated with each associated with unacceptable for the task, what whom? when? steps
activity? activity? the hazard low, will be done to reduce or remove again to ensure risk levels
moderate, the risk? are now at an acceptable
significant or level
high? Revised risk level
9. Carrying steel  Manual handling M  Manual handling training MT, JK 14/8 L
injuries
 Cuts and abrasions

10. Cutting and  Back and shoulder M  Wear gloves (PPE) MT, JK 14/8 L
placing steel injuries  Training provided in cutting
 Cuts and abrasions and placing of steel
from trips and
slipping on steel
 Cuts from cut ends
of steel

11. Tying steel  Cuts and abrasions M  Wear gloves (PPE) MT, JK 14/8 L
 Penetrating wounds  Bar caps to be installed on all
exposed vertical bars

Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry V1 CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted
without permission. Page 35 of 80
Spot the Hazard Assess the Risk Fix the Problem Evaluate Results
Identify the What are the hazards Is the risk If the risk is deemed By By Go through the first 3
work task or associated with each associated with unacceptable for the task, what whom? when? steps
activity? activity? the hazard low, will be done to reduce or remove again to ensure risk levels
moderate, the risk? are now at an acceptable
significant or level
high? Revised risk level
12. Set up of  Concrete pump not H  Truck drivers to be made MT, JK 14/8 M
concrete pump stable and tipping aware of site entry
over  Reverse siren to be used on
concrete pumps and trucks
 Relevant personnel to be in
sight of driver at all times

13. Placing  Hit by concrete M  Ensure no personnel are MT, JK 14/8 L

concrete  Manual handling standing in front of concrete
injuries hose
 Concrete burns  Relevant personnel shown
 Sunburn, skin correct posture for shovelling
cancer, eye  Avoid concrete contact with
damage skin – wash skin and clothing
after
 Sun protection including
sunscreen, hats and shirts

Example: Use of Air Compressor

Hazard: Operators exposed to drive belt and pulleys – entanglement.

*Note there may be more than one hazard.

Risk rating: Using the Risk Assessment Matrix, the likelihood can be judged as ‘possible’ and the
consequence as ‘minor’. Therefore, the risk is rated as ‘moderate’.

Use the ‘hierarchy of control’ to minimise the risk and establish the most effective controls.

Elimination The hazard cannot be eliminated. Compressed air is required.

Substitution No, nothing else available to supply compressed air.

Isolation No, unable to isolate the operators.

Yes, a guard can be constructed and fitted so that people cannot touch
Engineering controls
the moving belt and pulleys – risk is minimised.
Yes, operators need to be trained to use, and maintain the compressor
Administration controls
safely.

PPE Use earmuffs and eye protection during operation.

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Hierarchy of controls’

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7DtdfMuYT8

 Cleaning chemicals, including those in pressurised containers

 Salt water
 Glues
 Insulation materials
 ACM (Asbestos Containing Materials)
 Solvents
 Treated timber products
 All of the above

2.2 Write 4 management strategies to control the risks associated with asbestos containing
material.

2.3 Designated personnel to be contacted in case of an emergency, accident, fire or to report a risk
such as identification of ACM are:

 Designated safety officers, determined by the enterprise, who have undertaken specific safety
response training
 Your co-worker
 Managers or other senior personnel
 Personnel competent and/or licensed in the safe handling of asbestos
 The apprentice
 Supervisors

2.4 Explain the term ‘residual risk’.

2.6 What is the most effective type of control measure?

 Isolation
 PPE
 Substitution
 Engineering control
 Elimination

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

While the use of PPE is the least effective control because it does not remove the danger, and relies
on the individual to use the PPE effectively, it is necessary to protect workers for many of the tasks
in the construction industry.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) comprises a range of clothing and equipment which is worn by
employees, students, contractors or visitors as appropriate to protect or shield their bodies from
workplace hazards. There are many types of PPE that can be considered in categories, based on the
type of protection afforded by the equipment.

Respiratory protection e.g. disposable, cartridge, air-line, half or full face

Eye protection e.g. spectacles/goggles, shields, visors
Hearing protection e.g. ear muffs and plugs
Hand protection e.g. gloves and barrier creams
Foot protection e.g. shoes/boots
Head protection e.g. helmets, caps, hoods, hats
Protection from falls e.g. harness and fall arrest devices
Skin protection e.g. hats, sunburn cream, long sleeved clothes
Other protection e.g. protective clothing for extremely hot or cold environments

Legal requirements related to PPE:

Employer’s obligations Employee’s obligations

 Ensure that all workers have personal • Use the protective clothing or equipment in
protective equipment (PPE). a manner in which he or she has been
 Ensure each item of PPE is appropriate for properly instructed to use it.
each particular workplace hazard. • Do not misuse or damage the clothing or
 Ensure each item of PPE is appropriate for equipment.
each individual worker. • As soon as reasonably practicable after
 Provide training in the appropriate use of becoming aware of any damage to,
PPE. malfunction of, or need to clean or sterilise
 Provide additional training to supervisors to the clothing or equipment, notify the
ensure they understand their role in person providing the clothing or equipment
enforcing the wearing and use of PPE. and/or your supervisor.
 Ensure all PPE meets the appropriate
standards.
 Ensure all PPE is cleaned and maintained.

Read and follow safety warning signs

Apart from hazard signs and symbols the workplace is likely to have safety signs. The safety signs
should be placed where everyone can see them – their directions are mandatory, which means
people in the workplace MUST do what they indicate.

Safety signage on the construction site

All construction sites should be equipped with correct signage. This includes correct signage for
barriers/barricades and onsite machinery and equipment.

Safety signage on the construction site helps anyone be aware of any potential dangers or hazards
onsite. Work areas should be isolated to protect not only other workers and people in the vicinity,
but also to protect the work being done.

Work areas can be isolated by:

 Using barrier tape
 Using witches hats
 Barricading the area
 Erecting fencing
 Erecting signage
 Verbally informing other trades not to enter the work area whilst work is being conducted

There are a variety of signage used on any construction worksite, although the common categories
of signs fall into the following:
 Mandatory signs
 Danger signs
 Warning signs
 Emergency signs

Types of safety signs:

Pictures Words Words and pictures

Images source: www.australiansafetysigns.net.au

Categories of safety signs:

The sign will have a RED circle and

cross bar, WHITE background and
BLACK symbol.

Caution – ‘Take care’

The sign will have a YELLOW

background, BLACK border and
BLACK symbol.

Mandatory – ‘You must take

appropriate measures whilst in the
area’

The sign will have a BLUE

background, WHITE symbol and
picture inside.
Emergency information

The sign will be a square or rectangle

with a GREEN or RED background
and a WHITE symbol.

Danger – ‘Be careful’

Fire

Images source: www.australiansafetysigns.net.au

Hazard PPE

Noise associated with plant

and machinery

Handling chemicals

Working in the sun

Using a chainsaw

3.2 What obligations do workers have in relation to PPE? List 3.

3.3 Work areas can be isolated by:

 Barricading the area

 Erecting fencing
 Erecting signage
 Using barrier tape
 Using witches hats
 Verbally informing other trades not to enter the work area whilst work is being conducted
 All of the above

 Danger sign
 Emergency sign
 Mandatory sign
 Warning sign

3.5 Caution signs are:

 Red and white

 Green and white
 Yellow and black
 Red and black

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Hand tools
Non-powered hand tools are available. Axes to wrenches are among the tools available. Misuse and
poor maintenance are the most dangerous aspects of hand tools.

Power tools
When handled incorrectly, power tools can be dangerous. Electric, pneumatic, liquid fuel, hydraulic,
and powder-actuated power tools are among the several types of power tools available.

All tools — not just power tools – should be taught to employees. They should be aware of the
potential dangers as well as the safety steps that may be taken to avoid them.

The following general precautions should be observed by power tool users:

 Never carry a tool by the cord or hose
 Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it from the receptacle
 Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges
 Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing, and when changing accessories such as
blades, bits and cutters
 All observers should be kept at a safe distance away from the work area
 Secure work with clamps or a vice, freeing both hands to operate the tool
 Avoid accidental starting. The worker should not hold a finger on the switch button while
carrying a plugged-in tool.
 Tools should be maintained with care. They should be kept sharp and clean for the best
performance. Follow instructions in the user's manual for lubricating and changing accessories.
 Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good balance
 The proper apparel should be worn. Loose clothing, ties, or jewellery can become caught in
moving parts
 All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be removed from use and tagged "Do Not
Use."

Operator manuals
Operator manuals are supplied by the manufacturer – they contain information relating to the
technical functions and operations of products. Operating tools and equipment not in accordance
with site procedures and the manufacturer’s specifications, can lead to accidents or injury and
equipment failure.

All materials considered hazardous or dangerous are required by law to have an SDS. This must be
provided by suppliers or transporters. SDS’s must always be accessible because they are used by
emergency organisations to assist in managing incidents.

A sample SDS is shown on the following page.

Source: https://constructionchemicals.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/SDS-cemflex.pdf
(Supplementary document)

It is important that the sequence of listed steps reflects the sequence in which the task is actually
completed. If not, sequential dangers or hazards may present themselves without the required
control either being effective or not in place. This could not only result in exposure to the hazard
but could also adversely affect the productivity of the task.

Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS)

Site and equipment safety requirements are vital on construction sites.

Safe Work Method Statements are required for all tasks. A SWMS is an explanation of all steps that
need to be completed on a job – from arriving on-site, unloading the vehicle, checking the
workplace, carrying out the job, clearing the workplace, loading the vehicle and leaving the site

Steps to preparing SWMS or JSA:

3. List the most suitable

risk control method for
1. Divide the task into 2. List the potential
each hazard
simple steps hazards for each step
(Use the Hierarchy of
Control)

A sample SWMS document for a general concrete placement project is shown on the following
page.

Company Name: Mitch Constructs Pty Ltd Signed Off: Mitch Taylor
Location: Portsea Date: 21/08/2017
No: 30922
Activity: Concrete placement (general)
Accepted: Yes / No
How will hazards and risks be controlled? (Describe
What are the tasks involved? What are the hazards and risks?
the control measures and how they will be used)
1. Entry to site  Entry to unsafe area  Report to site office for site induction
 Movement of site personnel, vehicles, plant  Risk assessment of site conditions
& equipment  Training of all employees
2. Unloading equipment  Fall from vehicle  Manual handling training
 Manual handling injuries  Wear gloves (PPE)
 Slips, trips & falls  Unload equipment on a level clear area
3. Setting up equipment  Trips & falls  Ensure site is clear of all debris and obstructions
 Barricade work and fall areas

4. Drilling piers  Hit by auger/bobcat/excavator  Ensure plant operators are suitably trained and licenced
 Fall in holes  Implement training and use of PPE equipment such as
high vis vests and hard hats
 Ensure all personnel are trained on relevant works and
have had a site induction
5. Placing concrete in piers  Run over by concrete pump or trucks  Truck drivers to be made aware of site entry
 Reverse siren to be used on concrete pumps and trucks
 Relevant personnel to be in sight of driver at all times
6. Installing pegs for boards  Manual handling injuries  Use PPE equipment
 All relevant personnel to be trained in the use and
shown the correct procedure in using equipment
 Manual handling training

Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry V1 CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted
without permission. Page 50 of 80
How will hazards and risks be controlled? (Describe
What are the tasks involved? What are the hazards and risks?
the control measures and how they will be used)
7. Installation of formwork  Manual handling injuries  Manual handling training
 Hit by materials  Ensure hands and limbs are out of range
 Nail gun injury  Personnel to keep others in line of sight
8. Fill slab  Hit by equipment  Training in the use of shovels and wheelbarrows
 Manual handling injuries  PPE equipment – eye protection
 Eye injuries from dust  Sun protection including sunscreen, hats and shirts
 Sunburn
9. Carrying steel  Manual handling injuries  Manual handling training
 Cuts and abrasions

10. Cutting and placing steel  Back and shoulder injuries  Wear gloves (PPE)
 Cuts and abrasions from trips and slipping  Training provided in cutting and placing of steel
on steel
 Cuts from cut ends of steel
11. Tying steel  Cuts and abrasions  Wear gloves (PPE)
 Penetrating wounds  Bar caps to be installed on all exposed vertical bars

12. Set up of concrete pump  Concrete pump not stable and tipping over  Truck drivers to be made aware of site entry
 Reverse siren to be used on concrete pumps and trucks
 Relevant personnel to be in sight of driver at all times
13. Placing concrete  Hit by concrete  Ensure no personnel are standing in front of concrete
 Manual handling injuries hose
 Concrete burns  Relevant personnel shown correct posture for shovelling
 Sunburn, skin cancer, eye damage  Avoid concrete contact with skin – wash skin and
clothing after
 Sun protection including sunscreen, hats and shirts

4.2 Safety data sheets contain information relating to:

 Details of the hazardous substance

 Clean up instructions
 Emergency procedures
 How to manage and control the hazard (including safe disposal)
 The impact of this substance on health
 Al of the above

4.3 What are the 3 steps to preparing a JSA? Complete the process below.

4.5 List 2 hazards associated with carrying steel components.

 High-speed abrasive power and pneumatic tools

 High pressure water cleaner
 Compressed air or abrasive blasting
 Household vacuum cleaner
 All of the above

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

All people in the workplace should know the location of the nearest fire extinguisher. They should
also be aware of which extinguisher and is used for each type of fire.

The location of First Aid kits, eye washes, showers and other emergency equipment should be
known to all people in the workplace.

Employee responsibilities during an emergency

• Workers are required to assist the employer to maintain the safety of the workplace
• Must report any situation that may result in an emergency.
• Everyone is required to comply with all reasonable instructions in the event of an emergency.
• Employers and workers must keep work areas clean and tidy and make sure there is a clear
evacuation route and access to emergency equipment.

Emergencies and evacuation procedures

Most accidents and emergencies in the workplace are preventable but still occur despite everyone’s
best efforts to avoid them. Prevention is the best course of action and that is why safety is a major
emphasis in the workplace. When an emergency incident or an accident occurs, it is very important
to have effective and efficient communication. You must be familiar with the specific emergency
communication procedure in the workplace.

In any emergency situation, different people take on different roles on how to respond. One group
of people are called the Emergency Control Organisation also known as ECO groups. These people
initiate and manage the response of any emergency situation.

Emergency response and evacuation procedures include the following:

 Emergencies, such as fire, toxic and/or flammable vapours emission, vehicle/mobile plant
accident, structural collapse, chemical spill and injury to personnel
 Extinguishing fires, organisational first aid requirements and evacuation

You must know the procedures to follow in an emergency and know how to implement them. In an
emergency, correct communication procedures are critical; lives depend on it.

Emergency communication procedures may include:

 Written emergency procedures and policies
 The reporting of incidents or emergencies to relevant personnel
 Warning procedures including sirens and announcements
 Maintaining communication and keeping people up-to-date
 Communicating with emergency services (e.g. Fire service)
 Communicating with other relevant agencies (e.g. Electrical power service)
 Writing of reports and records

In an emergency evacuation, you must evacuate immediately in accordance with the site’s
emergency procedures – you must directly follow the routes outlined to get to the appropriate exit
point.

Priority one – People and their safety

Everyone needs to know what their duty is in an emergency and where they should go. In the
event of an emergency, the workplace should have a very clear step-by-step list of measures that
clearly indicates everyone's responsibility.

This emergency instruction should:

• Exist for each type of emergency
• Be easily seen and understood both by reading and by signs or pictorial diagrams
• Be regularly practiced so that emergency responses are controlled and safe some of the ways
this information can be communicated throughout the workforce is via:
• Training (including mock emergency responses conducted on a regular basis)
• Inductions
• Maps, signs and pictures
• Procedures and work instructions

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Emergency procedures in workplace Australia’

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QflrwEHCMDE

Fire hazards
The three elements necessary before there can be fires are:

Fuel Can be any combustible material, i.e. any solid, liquid or gas that can burn.
Flammable materials are any substances that can be easily ignited and will burn
rapidly
Heat That may start a fire can come from many sources e.g. flames, welding, operations,
grinding, sparks, heat causing friction, electrical equipment, hot exhausts

Oxygen Comes mainly from the air. It may also be generated by chemical reactions. If one
of these three elements is taken away the will be extinguished

Common causes of fires onsite

Burning off rubbish Site rubbish should be cleared away regularly and no burning off should
take place in accordance with EPA requirements

Electrical fires Due to overload equipment, faulty equipment, faulty wiring etc. All
equipment should be carefully checked, maintained and used correctly

Contractors using Such as plumbers, structural steel workers etc. these contractors must
naked flames ensure that they do not carry out naked flame operations within the vicinity
of stored rubbish, paints, sawdust or any other highly flammable material

Smokers Carelessly disposing of cigarettes, matches etc. butane lighters may also be
a source of ignition and should not be exposed to naked flames or other
situations where ignition could occur

In the event of a fire

 Don’t panic – keep calm and think
 Warn other people in the building
 Those not needed should leave the building at once and assemble at the designated fire
assembly area
 Arrange for someone to call the fire brigade
 Have the power and gas supplies turned off if it is appropriate (some lighting may still be
required)
 Close doors where possible to contain the fire
 Stay between a doorway and the fire
 Be aware of containers of explosive or flammable substances. Remove them from the area only
if it is safe to do so
 If it is safe to fight the fire, select the correct type of extinguisher, having others back you up
with additional equipment
 Know how to use the extinguisher; be confident and attack the fire energetically
 If the fire is too large for you to extinguish, get out of the building and close all doors. Assemble
at the designated area

Extinguishing fires
Main methods of extinguishing a fire include the following:

Starving Removing the fuel element burning

Smothering Refers to cutting off the supply of oxygen to the fire

Cooling Usually refer to water as this lowers the temperature

The most typical equipment kept on-site to fight fires is fire extinguishers and hose reels. Color-
coded and labelled fire extinguishers are color-coded and labelled based on their contents.

It's critical to use the appropriate extinguisher for the type or class of fire. When used on the wrong
type of fire, the contents of some extinguishers may be ineffective or even deadly. The tables below
show the different classes of fire and the range of fire extinguishers used to combat these fires.

Class Symbol Fuels Examples

Wood, paper, cloth, plastics, rubber,

A Ordinary combustible solids
coal

Flammable and combustible Petrol, oil, paint, thinners, kerosene,

B
liquids alcohol

LPG, butane, acetylene, hydrogen,

C Flammable gases
natural gas

Magnesium, aluminium, sodium or

D Combustible metals
potassium

Computers, switchboards, power-

E Electrical fires
boards

Cooking oils and fats usually found in

F Cooking oils and fats
industrial kitchens

Source:
https://www.qfes.qld.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-05/FireExtinguishersInformationSheet.pdf
(Supplementary document)

Use a fire extinguisher ONLY if:

 You know the extinguisher is suitable for use on the flammable materials involved in the fire,
 You have considered whether electricity is possibly involved and, if so, that the available
extinguishing agent is non-conducting,
 You can extinguish the fire quickly,
 You are not putting your safety at risk by staying in the vicinity of the fire, and
 All other persons have been evacuated from the area.

Source:
https://www.qfes.qld.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-05/FireExtinguishersInformationSheet.pdf
(Supplementary document)

To use a fire extinguisher:

 Pull out the pin at the top of the extinguisher
 Aim the nozzle towards the base of the fire
 Squeeze the handle to discharge the extinguisher
 Use a sweeping action to spray the substance back and forth across the fire, from front to back
and from side to side.
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training
procedures in the construction industry V1 Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced,
published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 61 of 80
Hose reels
Hose reels use water, and are only designed for Class A fires, that is, fires involving materials such
as paper, wood and cardboard. They must never be used on fires involving fats or electrical
equipment. To use a hose reel:
 Turn the water on at the reel before unrolling the hose
 Unroll the hose, with the assistance of another person if required
 Turn the water on at the nozzle.

Fire blankets
Fire blankets are useful for smothering small fires associated with cooking stoves or other high-risk
electrical appliances. To use a fire blanket:
 Pull the tabs downwards to remove the blanket
 Shake the blanket open, holding onto the tags
 Hold the blanket in front of the body to form a heat shield
 If an appliance is on fire – place the blanket over the fire and turn off the source of the flame
 If a person’s clothes are on fire – wrap the blanket around the person and roll them on the
ground until the flames are extinguished.

First aid
Acting quickly when an injury occurs at the workplace could sometimes mean the difference
between life and death. First aid is critical to reducing the severity of injuries, especially in the
building and construction industry which is a high-risk work environment.

Information on first aid is a critical element that should be covered in employee inductions – this
includes location of first aid kits. It is also handy to familiarise yourself with basic first aid
procedures such as CPR, that you can apply on the worksite.

Basic first aid procedures can be applied to:

 Minor burns/abrasions
 Broken arm/limb
 Poisoning
 Skin irritations
 Eye irritations
 Epileptic fits
 Infected wounds

Establishing what First Aid is appropriate in the workplace:

 Identify possible causes of work injury and work-related injury
 Assess the risk of work injuries and work-related illnesses occurring
 Determine the appropriate First Aid facilities and training
 Evaluate the First Aid facilities and training.

The following factors should be considered when assessing the risk:

 Size and layout of the workplace
 Number and distribution of employees including arrangements such as shift work, overtime and
flexible hours
 Nature of the hazards and the severity of the risk
 Location of the workplace
 Known occurrences of accidents or illnesses

Safe practices for First Aid

 Provide First Aid cover to each separate working area.
 Locate First Aid kits according to your First Aid assessment – in the workshop and all work
vehicles. Level C kits are generally kept in work vehicles; a Level B kit is installed in the
workshop.
 Have a list of the First Aid kit contents attached to the inside lid or door of the First Aid kit.
 In addition to the standard contents for the First Aid kit you need to include modules for
injuries/illnesses that you identified during your needs assessment e.g. burns module, snake
bite module, eye module, etc.
 Kits should be kept in a clean and tidy state and well maintained with current products.
 If appropriate in your workplace, display the name/s of trained First Aiders with a photograph,
beside the First Aid kit.
 Make sure signs are displayed prominently indicating the location of the First Aid station.
 There should be a First Aid book to record all First Aid administered.
 Have the emergency contact list near the phone.
 Instruct employees in the actions required in case of injury/illness.
 Other safety factors are listed under emergency procedures in this manual

Watch the following You Tube video: ‘How to do the primary survey’

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ea1RJUOiNfQ

5.2 Kyle is decanting solvent into a bucket, when he accidently knocks the bottle over in the
chemical storage shed. There is a pool of solvent on the shed floor. What do you think would be the
emergency response procedure?

5.3 Emergency communication procedures may include:

 Communicating with emergency services

 Written emergency procedures and policies
 Maintaining communication and keeping people up-to-date
 The reporting of incidents or emergencies to relevant personnel
 Warning procedures including sirens and announcements
 Communicating with other relevant agencies
 Writing of reports and records
 All of the above

5.5 How can you prevent fires? Write 5 things you can do.

5.6 In the event of a fire, you should:

5.7 Which class of fire extinguisher can be used for the below fire?

 C
 F
 A
 E

5.8 Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers have a _______ band.

 Red
 Yellow
 Black
 Oatmeal
 White
 Blue

5.9 Outline the 4 steps to use a fire extinguisher.

 True
 False

5.11 Basic first aid procedures can be applied to:

 Broken arm/limb
 Epileptic fits
 Eye irritations
 Infected wounds
 Minor burns/abrasions
 Poisoning
 Skin irritations
 All of the above

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Model Code of Practice: Confined spaces (Supplementary document)

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-08/model_co
de_of_practice_confined_spaces.pdf

Model Code of Practice: Construction work (Supplementary document)

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1901/code_
of_practice_-_construction_work.pdf

Model Code of Practice: Demolition work (Supplementary document)

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1810/model
-cop-demolition-work.pdf

Model Code of Practice: First aid in the workplace

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1908/code_
of_practice_-_first_aid_in_the_workplace_0_0.pdf
(Supplementary document)

Model Code of Practice: How to remove asbestos

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1810/
model-cop-how-to-safely-remove-asbestos_0.pdf
(Supplementary document)

Model Code of Practice: Managing the risks of falls at workplaces

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1810/
model-cop-managing-the-risk-of-falls-at-workplaces.pdf
(Supplementary document)

Model Code of Practice: Preventing falls in housing construction

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1810/
model-cop-preventing-falls-in-housing-construction.pdf
(Supplementary document)

Model Code of Practice: How to manage and control asbestos in the

workplace (Supplementary document)
https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-07/model_co
de_of_practice_how_to_manage_and_control_asbestos_in_the_workplace_
1.pdf

Fire extinguishers information sheet (Supplementary document)

SDS-cemflex (Supplementary document)

NCC 2019 Volume Two (Supplementary document)

Instructions for the Learner

By signing the below, I hereby certify that the activities are my own work, based on my personal
study and/or research. I have acknowledged that all materials and resources used have not been
copied in part or whole, or otherwise plagiarised the work of other learning and/or other person.

Instructions for the Trainer

The Trainer is required to complete this Learning Task Record Sheet once the Learner has
completed all requirements for the Learning Activities for this unit of competency, the Learner's
work has been reviewed by the Trainer, and relevant feedback has been provided.

Site:

Learning Activity Satisfactory Date More evidence Date

Learning Activities ☐ ☐
Context detail (Assessor to record)

Attempt 1 // Attempt 2 // Attempt 3 //

Appeals: If you receive a Not Satisfactory result you have the right to appeal. You have three
assessment attempts.
Assessor feedback to learner: The Assessor must write full feedback to the learner that is
constructive and not generic.

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Assessor Name:

Assessor Signature: Date: //

Write your name in the field and choose the ‘Building and Construction’ Assessment Module. Then
click ‘begin test’.

When you have satisfactorily answered all questions, you will receive an Award of Attainment. Print
and attach your award to your Learner Activity Workbook, labelled as:
 Unit code and title> SLA 1.1> Document title> Your name and date

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Instructions for the Learner

Instructions for the Trainer

The Trainer is required to complete this Simulated Learning Task Record Sheet once the Learner
has completed all requirements for the Simulated Learning Activities for this unit of competency,
the Learner's work has been reviewed by the Trainer, and relevant feedback has been provided.

Site:

Learning Activity Satisfactory Date More evidence Date

Simulated Learning Activities ☐ ☐

Context detail (Assessor to record)

Attempt 1 // Attempt 2 // Attempt 3 //

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Assessor Name:

Assessor Signature: Date: //

2. Physical hazards include:

 Chemical spills
 Dusts
 Electrical
 Electrical safety work in confined spaces
 Excavations, including trenches
 Falling objects
 Gas
 Holes/trenches
 Inhalation
 Intoxication
 Noise
 Radiation
 Skin exposure to dangerous substances
 Slips/falls
 Structural collapse/damage
 Temperature

3. True or false. A slippery floor is a chronic hazard.

Notifiable incidents are:

 A dangerous incident that exposes any person to a serious risk, even if no one is injured
 A serious injury or illness.
 The death of a person—whether an employee, contractor or member of the public.
 All of the above

4. True or false. Typically, if the residual risk is low, then the approval of the department manager
or superintendent is required prior to the job commencing.
 True
 False

5. The sign below is an example of a:

 Traffic sign
 Emergency sign
 Mandatory sign
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and CPC08 Construction, Plumbing and Services Training
procedures in the construction industry V1 Package
© ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced,
published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 74 of 80
 Prohibition sign

6. Which of the following general precautions should be observed by power tool users?
 All observers should be kept at a safe distance away from the work area
 All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be removed from use and tagged "Do Not
Use."
 Avoid accidental starting. The worker should not hold a finger on the switch button while
carrying a plugged-in tool.
 Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good balance
 Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing, and when changing accessories such as
blades, bits and cutters
 Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges
 Never carry a tool by the cord or hose
 Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it from the receptacle
 The proper apparel should be worn. Loose clothing, ties, or jewellery can become caught in
moving parts
 Tools should be maintained with care. They should be kept sharp and clean for the best
performance. Follow instructions in the user's manual for lubricating and changing accessories.
 All of the above

7. Hazards associated with placing concrete include:

 Manual handling injuries
 Concrete burns
 Fall from vehicle
 Nail gun injury
 Sunburn, skin cancer, eye damage

8. True or false. The location of First Aid kits, eye washes, showers and other emergency
equipment should be known to all people in the workplace.
 True
 False

9. Which class of fire extinguisher can be used for the below fire?

 C
 B
 F
 A

10. True or false. Acting quickly when an injury occurs at the workplace could sometimes mean the
difference between life and death.
 True
 False

12. True or false. You not required to notify your regulator of the most serious safety incidents.
 True
 False

13. If there is an immediate risk to life, you should:

 Go find your supervisor
 Call 000
 Panic
 None of the above

14. A minor consequence relates to:

 Fatality, significant financial loss, major business disruption, major environmental damage
 Lost time injury but not permanent impairment with less than 10 days off work, contaminant
release contained without outside assistance, notable financial loss, a slight business disruption
(property damage)
 Multiple fatalities, extensive financial loss, severe business disruption, severe environmental
damage
 Serious injury with a long period (10 days or more) off work and/or permanent impairment,
substantial financial loss, notable business disruption (more than 1 day)
 Superficial injury or illness such as minor cuts and bruises, first aid treatment, negligible
financial loss, minor property damage, contaminant release immediately contained

15. True or false. The hierarchy of control is used to determine the current risk and residual risk for
each identified task and hazard.
 True
 False

16. True or false. PPE is the most effective control measure.

 True
 False

Instructions for the Learner

Instructions for the Trainer

Site:

Learning Activity Satisfactory Date More evidence Date

Self-Assessment Questionnaire ☐ ☐
Context detail (Assessor to record)

Attempt 1 // Attempt 2 // Attempt 3 //

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Assessor Name:

Assessor Signature: Date: //

The following record must be used to determine readiness for assessment after a Learner has
completed all Learning Activities, Simulated Learning Activities, and the Self-Assessment
Questionnaire, relating to this unit of competency. The overall outcome decision for this Learner
Activity Workbook is to be recorded as either Satisfactory or Not Satisfactory.

Learning Outcome
S – Satisfactory NS – Not Satisfactory
Learning Task CPCCWHS2001

1. Learning Activities  S  NS

2. Simulated Learning Activities  S  NS

3. Self-Assessment Questionnaire  S  NS

The overall outcome for this Learner Activity Workbook is:

 SATISFACTORY  NOT SATISFACTORY

Assessor comments:

I hereby certify that the Learning Activities, the Self-Assessment Questionnaire, and Simulated
Learning Activities, are my own work based on my personal study.

I declare that I have spent ______ hours undertaking learning related to this unit of competency.

Learner Name:

Learner Signature: Date: //

Assessor Name:

Assessor Signature: Date: //

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