REPAIR MANUAL

AFX8010

AFX 1 27/05/2004
 Contents

INTRODUCTION
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS A
POWER PRODUCTION B
POWER TRAIN C
TRAVELLING D
BODY AND STRUCTURE E
TOOL POSITIONING G
CROP PROCESSING K

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 Contents

INTRODUCTION

Foreword ( - A.10.A.40) 3
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 INTRODUCTION

Foreword ( - A.10.A.40)
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Technical Information
This manual has been produced by a new technical information system. This new system is designed to deliver
technical information electronically through CDROM and in paper manuals. A coding system called ICE has been
developed to link the technical information to other Product Support functions e.g. Warranty.

Technical information is written to support the maintenance and service of the functions or systems on a customers
machine. When a customer has a concern on his machine it is usually because a function or system on his machine
is not working at all, is not working efficiently, or is not responding correctly to his commands. When you refer to the
technical information in this manual to resolve that customers concern, you will find all the information classified
using the new ICE coding, according to the functions or systems on that machine. Once you have located the
technical information for that function or system then you will find all the mechanical, electrical or hydraulic devices,
components, assemblies and sub-assemblies for that function or system. You will also find all the types of information
that have been written for that function or system, the technical data (specifications), the functional data (how it
works), the diagnostic data (fault codes and troubleshooting) and the service data (remove, install adjust, etc.).

By integrating this new ICE coding into technical information , you will be able to search and retrieve just the right
piece of technical information you need to resolve that customers concern on his machine. This is made possible by
attaching 3 categories to each piece of technical information during the authoring process.

The first category is the Location, the second category is the Information Type and the third category is the Product:

• LOCATION - is the component or function on the machine, that the piece of technical information is going to
describe e.g. Fuel tank.

• INFORMATION TYPE - is the piece of technical information that has been written for a particular component or
function on the machine e.g. Capacity would be a type of Technical Data that would describe the amount
of fuel held by the Fuel tank.

• PRODUCT - is the model that the piece of technical information is written for.

Every piece of technical information will have those 3 categories attached to it. You will be able to use any
combination of those categories to find the right piece of technical information you need to resolve that customers
concern on his machine.

That information could be:

• the description of how to remove the cylinder head

• a table of specifications for a hydraulic pump

• a fault code

• a troubleshooting table

• a special tool

How to Use this Manual

This manual is divided into Sections. Each Section is then divided into Chapters. Contents pages are included at
the beginning of the manual, then inside every Section and inside every Chapter. An alphabetical Index is included
at the end of a Chapter. Page number references are included for every piece of technical information listed in
the Chapter Contents or Chapter Index.

Each Chapter is divided into four Information types:

• Technical Data (specifications) for all the mechanical, electrical or hydraulic devices, components and,
assemblies.

• Functional Data (how it works) for all the mechanical, electrical or hydraulic devices, components and
assemblies.

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 INTRODUCTION

• Diagnostic Data (fault codes, electrical and hydraulic troubleshooting) for all the mechanical, electrical or
hydraulic devices, components and assemblies.

• Service data (remove disassembly, assemble, install) for all the mechanical, electrical or hydraulic devices,
components and assemblies.

Sections
Sections are grouped according to the main functions or a systems on the machine. Each Section is identified by
a letter A, B, C etc. The amount of Sections included in the manual will depend on the type and function of the
machine that the manual is written for. Each Section has a Contents page listed in alphabetic/numeric order. This
table illustrates which Sections could be included in a manual for a particular product.

SECTION
A - Distribution Systems
B - Power Production
C - Power Train
D - Travelling
E - Body and Structure
F - Frame Positioning
G - Tool Positioning
H - Working Arm
J - Tools and Couplers
K - Crop Processing
L - Field Processing
PRODUCT
Tractors X X X X X X X X
Vehicles with working arms: backhoes, X X X X X X X X X
excavators, skid steers, .....
Combines, forage harvesters, balers, .... X X X X X X X X X X
Seeding, planting, floating, spraying X X X X X X X X X
equipment, ....
Mounted equipment and tools, ..... X X X X

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 INTRODUCTION

This manual contains these Sections. The contents of each Section are explained over the following pages.

Contents
INTRODUCTION
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS A
POWER PRODUCTION B
POWER TRAIN C
TRAVELLING D
BODY AND STRUCTURE E
TOOL POSITIONING G
CROP PROCESSING K

Section Contents
SECTION A, DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
This Section covers the main systems that interact with most of the functions of the product. It includes the central
parts of the hydraulic, electrical, electronic, pneumatic, lighting and grease lubrication systems. The components
that are dedicated to a specific function are listed in the Chapter where all the technical information for that function
is included.

Contents of DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - A

PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM A.10.A
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SECONDARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM A.12.A
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM A.30.A
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LIGHTING SYSTEM A.40.A
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ELECTRONIC SYSTEM A.50.A
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SECTION B, POWER PRODUCTION

This Section covers all the functions related to the production of power to move the machine and to drive various
devices.

Contents of POWER PRODUCTION - B

ENGINE B.10.A
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FUEL AND INJECTION SYSTEM B.20.A
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AIR INTAKE SYSTEM B.30.A
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EXHAUST SYSTEM B.40.A
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ENGINE COOLANT SYSTEM B.50.A
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LUBRICATION SYSTEM B.60.A
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STARTING SYSTEM B.80.A
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SECTION C, POWER TRAIN

This Section covers all the functions related to the transmission of power from the engine to the axles and to internal
or external devices and additional Process Drive functions.

Contents of POWER TRAIN - C

POWER COUPLING Fixed Coupling C.10.B
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TRANSMISSION Mechanical C.20.B
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TRANSMISSION Hydrostatic C.20.F
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FRONT PTO Mechanical C.42.B
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PROCESS DRIVE Primary process drive C.50.B
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TRANSMISSION LUBRICATION SYSTEM C.90.A
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 INTRODUCTION

SECTION D, TRAVELLING
This Section covers all the functions related to moving the machine, including tracks, wheels, steering and braking.
It covers all the axles both driven axles and non-driven axles, including any axle suspension.

Contents of TRAVELLING - D
FRONT AXLE D.10.A
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REAR AXLE D.12.A
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2WD-4WD SYSTEM Hydraulic D.14.C
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STEERING Hydraulic D.20.C
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SERVICE BRAKE Hydraulic D.30.C
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PARKING BRAKE Hydraulic D.32.C
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WHEELS AND TRACKS Wheels D.50.C
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SECTION E, BODY AND STRUCTURE

This Section covers all the main functions and systems related to the structure and body of the machine. Including
the frame, the shields, the operator’s cab and the platform.

Contents of BODY AND STRUCTURE - E

FRAME Primary frame E.10.B
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SHIELD E.20.A
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OPERATOR AND SERVICE PLATFORM E.30.A
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USER CONTROLS AND SEAT E.32.A
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USER CONTROLS AND SEAT Operator seat E.32.C
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USER CONTROLS AND SEAT Instructor seat E.32.D
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USER PLATFORM E.34.A
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ENVIRONMENT CONTROL Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning E.40.D
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SAFETY SECURITY ACCESSORIES Safety E.50.B
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DECALS AND PLATES E.60.A
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SECTION G, TOOL POSITIONING

This Section covers all the functions related to the final and/or automatic positioning of the tool once the tool is
positioned using the Working Arm or the machine frame.

Contents of TOOL POSITIONING- G

LIFTING G.10.A
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TILTING G.20.A
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LEVELING G.30.A
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 INTRODUCTION

SECTION K, CROP PROCESSING

This Section covers all the functions related to crop processing.

Contents of CROP PROCESSING - K

FEEDING Reel feeding K.25.B
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FEEDING Header feeding K.25.D
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FEEDING Feeder housing K.25.E
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FEEDING Transition cone K.25.K
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THRESHING Axial flow threshing K.40.C
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SEPARATING Rotary separator K.42.C
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STORING AND HANDLING Grain storing K.60.B
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CLEANING Primary cleaning K.62.B
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CLEANING Tailings return system K.62.C
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CLEANING Self-levelling frame K.62.D
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RESIDUE HANDLING Straw chopper K.64.C
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RESIDUE HANDLING Chaff Spreader K.64.D
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RESIDUE HANDLING Straw beater K.64.E
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UNLOADING Grain unloading K.72.B
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PROTECTION SYSTEMS Stone trapping K.90.E
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 INTRODUCTION

Chapters
Each Chapter is identified by a letter and number combination e.g. Engine B.10.A The first letter is identical to the
Section letter i.e. Chapter B.10 is inside Section B, Power Production.
CONTENTS
The Chapter Contents lists all the technical data (specifications), functional data (how it works), service data
(remove, install adjust, etc..) and diagnostic data (fault codes and troubleshooting) that have been written in that
Chapter for that function or system on the machine.

Contents
POWER PRODUCTION
ENGINE _ 10.A
TECHNICAL DATA
ENGINE - General specification (B.10.A - D.40.A.10) 3
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FUNCTIONAL DATA

ENGINE - Dynamic description (B.10.A - C.30.A.10) 4

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SERVICE
ENGINE - Remove (B.10.A - F.10.A.10) 5
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DIAGNOSTIC
ENGINE - Troubleshooting (B.10.A - G.40.A.10) 6
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INDEX
The Chapter Index lists in alphabetical order all the types of information (called Information Units) that have been
written in that Chapter for that function or system on the machine.

Index
POWER PRODUCTION - B
ENGINE
ENGINE - Dynamic description (B.10.A - C.30.A.10) 4
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ENGINE - General specification (B.10.A - D.40.A.10) 3
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ENGINE - Remove (B.10.A - F.10.A.10) 5
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ENGINE - Troubleshooting (B.10.A - G.40.A.10) 6
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 INTRODUCTION

Information Units and Information Search

Each chapter is composed of information units. Each information unit has the ICE code shown in parentheses which
indicates the function and the type of information written in that information unit. Each information unit has a page
reference within that Chapter. The information units provide a quick and easy way to find just the right piece of
technical information you are looking for.

example information unit Stack valve - Sectional View (A.10.A.18 - C.10.A.30)

Information Unit ICE code A 10.A 18 C 10.A.30
ICE code classification Distribution Primary Stack valve Functional Sectional view
systems hydraulic data
power

CRIL03J033E01 1

Navigate to the correct information unit you are searching for by identifying the function and information type
from the ICE code.

• (1) Function and (2) Information type.

• (A) corresponds to the sections of the repair manual.

(B) corresponds to the chapters of the repair manual.
(C) corresponds to the type of information listed in the chapter contents, Technical data, Functional Data,
Diagnostic or Service.
(A) and (B) are also shown in the page numbering on the page footer.
THE REST OF THE CODING IS NOT LISTED IN ALPHA-NUMERIC ORDER IN THIS MANUAL.

• You will find a table of contents at the beginning and end of each section and chapter.
You will find an alphabetical index at the end of each chapter.

• By referring to (A), (B) and (C) of the coding, you can follow the contents or index (page numbers) and quickly
find the information you are looking for.

Page Header and Footer

The page header will contain the following references:

• Section and Chapter description

The page footer will contain the following references:

• Publication number for that Manual, Section or Chapter.

• Version reference for that publication.

• Publication date

• Section, chapter and page reference e.g. A.10.A / 9

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 REPAIR MANUAL
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

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 Contents

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - A

PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM A.10.A

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SECONDARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM A.12.A

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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM A.30.A

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LIGHTING SYSTEM A.40.A

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ELECTRONIC SYSTEM A.50.A

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PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM - 10.A

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - A

PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM - 10.A

CONTENTS
FUNCTIONAL

Description Page
Basic Principles Of The System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Hydraulic Component Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Oil Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Gear Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Hydraulic Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
PFC Pump Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
PFC Pump Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
PFC Component Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Signal Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Steering Priority Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Electrical Monitoring Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Regulated Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Park Brake / Regulated Pressure Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Component Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Regulated Pressure Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Regulated Pressure Valve Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Electrical Monitoring Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Control Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Control Pressure Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Control / Lubrication Pressure Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Control Pressure Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Electrical Monitoring Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

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PTO Gearbox Cooling and Lubrication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Lubrication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
PTO Gearbox Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Electrical Monitoring Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

DIAGNOSTIC
Hydraulic System Testing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Diagnostic Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Hydraulic System Testing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
# 1 Low Pressure Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
# 2 High Pressure Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
# 3 Steering Relief Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
# 4 Bench Testing Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
# 5 Control Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
# 6 PTO Gear Box Lubrication Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
# 7 Regulated Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
#8 Spreader Pump Flow Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
# 9 Fan Pump Flow Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
# 10 PFC Pump Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
# 11 Control Pressure Pump Flow Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Signal valve
Signal valve -- Unidentified failure (A.10.A.12 -- G.30.B.46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Sensing system
Sensing system Differential pressure switch -- Short circuit to B+ (A.10.A.95.81--G.30.B.54) 87
Sensing system Temperature sensor -- Short circuit to B+ (A.10.A.95.90--G.30.B.54) . . . . . . 90
Sensing system Temperature sensor -- Short circuit to ground (A.10.A.95.90--G.30.B.53) . . . 93
Sensing system Temperature sensor -- Open circuit (A.10.A.95.90--G.30.B.50) . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Sensing system Reservoir level sensor -- Short circuit to B+ (A.10.A.95.93--G.30.B.54) . . . 101

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BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE SYSTEM

Combines use a combination of Pressure Flow
Compensated (PFC) and open-center hydraulics. In
a PFC system, oil flow is minimal unless there is a
hydraulic demand. In an open-center system, oil is
constantly pumped through the system regardless of
hydraulic demand.

Flow Across a Restriction

The hydraulic system of the combine uses the
principle of flow across a restriction for some
functions. It is important to understand this basic
principle in order to understand how the system
works, or more importantly, why the system may not
be working.

1. When oil flows through an unrestricted

passage, the pressure in this passage, if any, will
remain constant as long as pump flow remains
constant.

M133599

1
2. When oil in a passage flows across a
restriction, the pressure after the restriction will
be less than the pressure before that restriction.
Flow must exist for this to happen. A
restriction can occur by any component causing
a resistance to flow.

M133699

2
3. When oil in a passage is fully restricted from
flow (no-flow), the pressure in the passage will
build until it reaches the relief valve setting. This
relief pressure will be maintained as long as the
flow is blocked and the pump is functioning
normally. This is true regardless of what
component is blocking flow. No flow will create
constant pressure in the passage based on the
relief valve setting.

M133799

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BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE SYSTEM

Pilot Operated Hydraulic System

1. Pilot-operated hydraulic system has two basic
parts or sections: A pilot (also called primary)
section, and a main (also called secondary)
section.
2. When a pilot-operated system is actuated, the
pilot (primary) always moves first. Once the pilot
has operated, the main (secondary) section
always moves last. This is true whether the
system is being activated or deactivated.
3. The movement of the pilot (primary) controls a
very small amount of oil flow (pilot flow). The
movement of the main (secondary) controls the
majority of the oil flow (main flow) and is
responsible for actuating a given system.

The header raise/header lower and reel drive valve

are three examples of a pilot operated system used
on the combine.

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

GENERAL INFORMATION
The AFX Axial-Flow combines use a very extensive
hydraulic system to operate machine functions that are
normally associated with belts and chains, along with
the normal hydraulic functions. This section will cover
the basics of the hydraulic supply system, each actual
function will be included with that function’s sections.

This section will cover the reservoirs, filtration, gear

pumps, PFC pump and cooling. Since the machine
incorporates two reservoirs, the hydraulic system is
easily broken into two separate systems.

1. Hydraulics: Operator control functions

2. Control Pressure: Hydrostatic drives, associated
valves and clutches

HYDRAULICS CONTROL PRESSURE

Hydraulic Reservoir PTO Gearbox Reservoir
Steering Ground Drive
Header Raise / Lower Rotor Drive
Reel Fore / Aft, Raise, and Drive Feeder Drive
Lateral Tilt Chopper Clutch
Unloading Auger Swing Unloader Clutch
Fan Drive Lubrication
Spreader Drive
Rotary Air Screen
Parking Brake / Tow Valve
Regulated Pressure

The two systems will incorporate several hydraulic

pumps and motor to complete the required
operations.

HYDRAULICS HYDROSTATICS
Hydraulic Reservoir PTO Gearbox Reservoir
PFC Pump Steering Control Circuit Pump Beater/Chopper Clutch
Header Raise / Lower Unloader Clutch
Lateral Tilt Ground Drive
Unloading Auger Swing Rotor Drive
Reel Fore / Aft and Raise Feeder Drive
Reel Drive
Park Brake / Tow Valve
Regulated Pressure
Fan Pump Fan Drive Motor Lube Pump Lubrication
Spreader Pump Spreader Drive Motor and Rotary Air
Screen Motor

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

SPECIFICATIONS

Component Specification
Electrical
Parking Brake / Regulated pressure sensor 0.0 PSI = 0.5V signal wire C
Control pressure sensor Normal PSI = 3V signal wire C
Hydraulic filter restriction switch N/O, Closes at 2.75 bar (40 PSID)
Control pressure filter restriction switch N/O, Closes at 2.75 bar (40 PSID)
Hydraulic return oil temperature sensor 2500ohms @ room temperature
Motor Temp. (Ground Drive) sensor 83 ohms @ 128°C (262°F)
Reservoir tank level switch N/C, Closed with low oil 0.0 ohms
Hydraulic
Spreader motor relief 210 bar (3000 PSI)
Rotary air screen motor relief 24 bar (350 PSI)
Fan motor relief 241 bar (3500 PSI)
Oil cooler by-pass (Hydraulic cooler) 7.6 bar (110 PSI)
Hydraulic filter by-pass 3.45 barD (50 PSID)
Regulated pressure 22--25 bar (320--360 PSI)
Control pressure filter by-pass 3.45 barD (50 PSID)
Control pressure relief 20--22 bar (290--320 PSI) Hot
23--25 bar (340--360 PSI) Cold
Lubrication pump / cooler relief 20 bar (290 PSI)
Lubrication system relief 3.5 bar (50 PSI)
PFC pump low pressure stand-by 26--28 bar (375--400 PSID)
PFC pump high pressure stand-by 207--214 bar (3000--3100 PSI)
Steering relief 183--190 bar (2650--2750 PSI)
Reel drive relief 138 bar (2000 PSI)
Header Tilt cushion relief 207 bar (3000 PSI)
Feeder lift cylinder thermal relief 276 bar (4000 PSI)
Spreader drive pump flow 63 l/m (16.5 GPM)
Fan drive pump flow 51 l/m (13.5 GPM)
PFC pump flow 152 l/m (42 GPM)
Control pressure pump flow 150 l/m (39.5 GPM)
Lubrication pump flow 92.7 l/m (23.5 GPM)

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

27

26

14
25

13
15
28

30
29

20041519

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Component Locations

5
1. Supply to Spreader and Fan Pumps 24. PFC Pump Suctions
2&3. Gear Pump Assembly, Spreader and Fan Drive 25. Main Valve Assembly
13. PFC Piston Pump 26. Header Lift Valve
14. Hydraulic Reservoir 27. Park Brake / Regulated Pressure Valve
15. Signal Line to Compensator 28. Reel Drive Valve
18. PFC Pump Discharge Line 29. Feeder Valve Assembly
22. PFC Pump Case Drain 30. Hydraulic Return Filter

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Oil Supply
1. Oil Level Sight Glass
2. Oil Level Sensor
3. Reservoir Tank
4. Outlet Strainer
5. Tank Drain

The hydraulic system is supplied with Hy-Tran Ultra

from a central reservoir tank that is mounted behind
the PTO gearbox. The tank contains approximately
57L (15 gal) of oil and should be changed out every
1000 hours of operation.

A float type gauge that is mounted in the top of the

tanks monitors the proper oil level. The float provides
an Open/Closed signal to the Universal Display Plus
monitor. The switch is N.C. when held in the
operating position, open when oil is present.

The tank incorporates a discharge port strainer and

tank breather. The strainer is rated at 100 micron of
protection and supplies the gear pumps.

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Filtration
2. Discharge Port
3. Not used on the hydraulic filter
4. Inlet Port
10. Filter By-Pass
11. Restrictions Indicator
12. Back Flow Check Valve

The hydraulic filter is on the return side of the

hydraulic system, prevent trash from reaching the
reservoir tank. It is imperative that only CLEAN
Hy-Tran Ultra is placed in the tank. The filter base
incorporates a filter restriction sensor (11) that
monitors the condition of the filter element. If the
restriction increases above 2.76 bar (40 PSID)
differential pressure the sensor will CLOSE to create
a signal to the Universal Display Plus monitor for
operator warning. The filter base incorporates a filter
by-pass valve that will open at 3.45 bar (50 PSID)
differential pressure to prevent over pressuring the
filter. The sensor is set to activate prior to the by-pass
valve opening.

Cooling
1. Intercooler
2. Radiator 6 5
3. PTO Gearbox Oil Cooler
4. Hydraulic Oil Cooler
5. Air Conditioning Condenser
6. Fuel Cooler 1

The hydraulic cooler is mounted behind the rotary air

screen and is the Lower third of the center cooler. 3
There is a 7.6 bar (110 PSI) oil cooler by-pass valve
mounted in the lower front corner to protect the 2
cooler.
20030149
4

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Gear Pumps
1. Fan Drive Output (rear pump)
2. Spreader and Rotary Air Screen Output (center
pump)
3. Control Pressure Output (front pump)
4. Supply From PTO Gearbox, (for pump 3)
5. Supply From Hydraulic Reservoir, (for pumps 1 and
2)

The gear pump assembly is mounted in the PTO

gearbox and incorporates three separate gear
pumps.

-- The Control Pressure pump, (pump 3, nearest

to the drive shaft), is supplied oil from the PTO
gearbox and all of its flow is returned to the PTO
gearbox. See specification page.
-- The Spreader/Rotary Air Screen Drive pump is
supplied oil from the hydraulic reservoir and
returns all of its flow back to the reservoir. See
specification page.
-- The Fan Drive pump is supplied oil from the
hydraulic reservoir and returns all of its flow
back to the reservoir. See specification page. 9

NOTE: If the seal was to leak between the front and

center pumps oil could transfer between reservoirs.

A.10.A / 13
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Schematic

10
1. Reservoir Strainer 9. Return Filter Base
2. Spreader/Rotary Air Screen Drive Pump 10. Filter By-Pass Valve
3. Fan Drive Pump 11. Filter Restriction Indicator Switch
4. Spreader Drive Valve 12. Back Flow Check Valve
5. Rotary Air Screen Valve 13. PFC Piston Pump
6. Oil Cooler 14. Reservoir Tank
7. Oil Cooler By-Pass Valve 15. Return From All Hydraulic Functions
8. Fan Drive Valve

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Schematic so the by-pass valve (7) can direct the oil flow around
the cooler the filter housing (9). The filter restriction
Spreader Pump is monitored by the filter sensor (11) and is protected
The spreader pump (2) will pull oil from the hydraulic by the by-pass valve (10). The filter directs the flow
reservoir (14) and direct it to the spreader valve (4). to the PFC pump inlet and the reservoir tank.
The spreader valve will direct the full flow of pump on
to the rotary air screen valve (5) once the spreader IMPORTANT: The spreader pump being a gear
operation is completed. The rotary air screen valve pump is associated with an open center system. In an
will direct the full flow of pump on to the oil cooler (6) open center system the pump flow is constant and
once the air screen operation is completed. In cold MUST be routed back to the reservoir at all times. It
whether the cooler may cause excessive restriction can not be deadheaded or serious failures can occur.

A.10.A / 15
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Schematic

11
1. Reservoir Strainer 9. Return Filter Base
2. Spreader/Rotary Air Screen Drive Pump 10. Filter By-Pass Valve
3. Fan Drive Pump 11. Filter Restriction Indicator Switch
4. Spreader Drive Valve 12. Back Flow Check Valve
5. Rotary Air Screen Drive Valve 13. PFC Piston Pump
6. Oil Cooler 14. Reservoir Tank
7. Oil Cooler By-Pass Valve 15. Return From All Hydraulic Functions
8. Fan Drive Valve

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Schematic IMPORTANT: The fan pump being a gear pump is

associated with an open center system. In an open
Fan Pump center system the pump flow is constant and MUST
The fan pump (3) will pull oil from the hydraulic be routed back to the reservoir at all times. It can not
reservoir (14) and direct it to the fan valve (8). The fan be deadheaded or serious failures can occur.
valve will direct the full flow of pump into the flow from
the spreader pump headed to the filter base (9). The
filter restriction is monitored by the filter sensor (11)
and is protected by the by-pass valve (10). The filter
directs the flow to the PFC pump inlet and the
reservoir tank.

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Pressure Flow Compensating (PFC) Pump

Hydraulic System

PFC Pump Schematic

12
9. Return Filter Base 19. High Pressure Spool
13. PFC Pump Assembly 20. Servo Piston (swashplate)
14. Hydraulic Reservoir 21. Rotating Assembly
15. Signal Line to Compensator 22. Case Drain
16. Signal Line Screen 23. Temperature Sensor
17. Flow Control Spool 24. Supply Manifold
18. Pump Discharge Port

A.10.A / 18
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

PFC Component Locations

13
1. Supply to Spreader and Fan Pumps 15. Signal Line to Compensator
2&3. Gear Pump Assembly, Spreader and Fan Drive 18. PFC Pump Discharge Line
13. PFC Piston Pump 22. PFC Pump Case Drain
14. Hydraulic Reservoir 24. PFC Pump Suctions

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic System

PFC Piston Pump

The PFC pump assembly is mounted to and driven
by the PTO gearbox. The PFC pump will only
produce the pressure and flow required meeting
system demands when they occur. When discussing
PFC hydraulics, it is important to realize that with the
engine running the hydraulic system will always be in
one of three modes:
• Low-pressure standby (could be thought of as
neutral).
• Pressure and flow compensation (when the
system is meeting the demand for oil).
• High-pressure standby (could be thought of as
high-pressure relief).

The pump output is also directed to the parking brake

/ tow valve where a regulated pressure is created and
maintained for the pilot operated valve assembles.

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

PFC Piston Pump

4
2

B M207703A C

3
A

M207003

14
1. High Pressure Spool Adjustment 4. Signal Line to Compensator
2. Flow Control Spool Adjustment 5. Temperature Switch
3. Case Drain to Tank

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems pressure port. When the engine is at high idle and the
swash plate is at its maximum angle the pump output
PFC Pump Operation is approximately 152 l/m (40 GPM).
The PFC pump assembly is located directly in front
of the reservoir. The PFC pump is an axial-piston NOTE: The pump is always engaged by the swash
type pump. When the drive shaft of the piston pump plate spring to its maximum output. The compensa-
is rotated, the piston cylinder block, which is splined tor is always reducing the pumps output.
to the drive shaft, also turns. The piston block
contains nine piston assemblies which have free
swiveling slippers attached to the ball-end of the Pump Compensator
piston assembly. The slippers ride against the The pump compensator assembly controls the angle
machined surface of the swash plate. of the swash plate by directing oil to the swash plate
control piston. The swash plate control piston will
When the swash plate is tilted from neutral to its over come the swash plate control spring, placing the
maximum angle by the swash plate control spring, swash plate at the proper angle.
the piston slippers follow the inclined surface of the
swash plate and begin moving in and out of the piston The main valve assembly, feeder valve assembly
block bore. Half of the piston assemblies are being and steering hand pump each contain a signal port.
pulled out of the piston block while the remaining half The signal port and associated lines direct a signal
of the pistons are being pushed back into the piston pressure to the pump compensator. This signal
block. As the pistons are pulled from the piston block, pressure is equal to the system work pressure. The
they draw oil into the piston block bores. This supply pump compensator will use this signal to place the
oil comes from the kidney shaped intake port. As the piston pump swash plate at the proper angle to meet
piston crosses over top dead center, the piston push the system demand. The outlet pressure at the pump
the oil out of the piston block bores into a kidney will be 27.6 bar (400 psi) higher than the signal line
shaped outlet pressure port. Each of the nine pistons pressure due to the 27.6 bar (400 psi) spring in the
completes this cycle for each revolution of the pump compensator. The pump outlet pressure will continue
shaft. This causes a continuous even flow of oil from to be 27.6 bar (400 psi) higher than signal line
the pump. pressure until the high-pressure standby pressure is
reached. After high pressure standby is reached, the
The greater the swash plate angle, the greater the pump outlet pressure and the signal line pressure will
piston stroke. This increase in stroke causes more oil become equal.
to be pulled into the pump and discharged out of the

A.10.A / 22
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems

Low Pressure Standby

1 B

5
C
3 4
6
2

20043057

(Pump assembly is a representative drawing only.)

6
1
2

M207703B
5

15

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems de-stroking the pump. In this condition, the pump will
only move enough oil to make up for internal leakage
Low Pressure Standby within the system and maintain 31--41.5 bar
When there is no demand for oil flow, the pump will (450--600 psi). The pump will remain in this position
go into the low-pressure standby mode. Low-pres- until there is a demand for oil. In low-pressure
sure standby means low pressure and minimal flow standby mode the pump produces less heat and
in the system. When the engine is not running, no uses less horsepower than an open-center system.
pressure exists in any circuit. In this state, the swash Low pressure standby also makes starting the
plate control spring is holding the piston pump at full engine easier.
stroke. When the engine is started and the pump
begins to rotate, it will momentarily try to pump oil. Minimum system pressure is 31--41.5 bar (450--600
This creates outlet pressure at the pump. This psi) in the low-pressure standby mode. There is a
pressure is directed to the flow compensator spool 0.61 mm (0.024in) dynamic sensor orifice located in
and the high-pressure spool through passages in the the steering priority spool. The dynamic sensor
piston pump back plate. The two spools in the pump orifice connects the pump outlet port to the signal
compensator are both spring biased. The flow port of the pump compensator through the orifice
compensator spool has a 27.6 bar (400 psi) spring check valve. If the oil in the signal line can flow
while the high-pressure spool has a 186.3 bar (3050 through the steering hand pump too freely a 0.78 mm
psi) spring. The pump pressure is directed to the (0.031″) orifice in the steering hand pump signal
non-spring side of these two spools. As pressure passage provides back pressure in the signal line.
builds, it will cause the flow compensator spool to This signal pressure of 3.45--10.3 bar (50--150 psi) is
shift against its 27.6 bar (400 psi) spring. When the sent to the spring-end of the flow compensator spool.
spool shifts it allows pump oil to pass to the pump The spring pressure of 27.6 bar (400 psi) plus the
control piston. This piston will extend and cause the signal line back pressure puts the pump into low
swash plate to move against the control spring. The pressure standby mode ranging from 31--41.5 bar
swash plate will move to a nearly zero degree angle, (450--600 psi).

1. Signal Line-In A. Low Pressure Standby Oil

2. Flow Control Spool B. Drain Oil
3. High Pressure Spool C. Trapped Oil
4. To Control Piston
5. Drain to Tank
6. Pump Output

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems

Pressure and Flow Compensation

1 A

5
B
3
4
6
2

20043058
(Pump assembly is a representative drawing only.)

6
1
2

M207703B
5

16

A.10.A / 25
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems provide more oil flow. When the flow demand of the
system is met, the swash plate will be tilted to provide
Pressure and Flow Compensation only the flow required by the component(s) in use.
The flow of oil from the pump is controlled by the The working pressure in the system is fed back to the
difference in pressure at opposite ends of the flow spring-end of the flow compensator spool through
compensator spool. When a valve is opened to the signal line. The pump must produce flow at a
operate a function on the combine, the outlet pressure equal to the working pressure desired, plus
pressure of the pump will drop. This drop in pressure enough to overcome the 27.6 bar (400 psi) spring on
is detected on the non-spring end of the flow the flow compensator spool. When the outlet
compensator spool. The spring will now shift the pressure is high enough to overcome both the spring
spool and allow oil to drain from the pump control and work pressure, the flow compensator spool will
piston into the pump case. The swash plate control shift allowing oil to flow to the control piston, causing
spring will tilt the swash plate, causing the pump to the pump to destroke to match the demand.

1. Signal Line-In A. Pressurized Oil

2. Flow Control Spool B. Drain Oil
3. High Pressure Spool
4. To Control Piston
5. Drain to Tank
6. Pump Output

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems

High Pressure Standby

1 A

5
B

3 4
6
2

20043059

(Pump assembly is a representative drawing only.)

6
1
2

5M207703B

17

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Hydraulic Systems The pump will remain in the high-pressure standby

mode until the load is overcome or the valve is
High Pressure Standby returned to neutral. When the valve is returned to
Should the hydraulic system stall-out under a high neutral, pressure is no longer available to the signal
load, or a cylinder reach the end of its stroke, the line. The flow compensator spool will shift allowing oil
pump will go into high-pressure standby until the load to extend the control piston and destroke the pump.
is overcome or the valve is returned to neutral. When Signal line pressure is bled-off through a 0.5 mm
the system stalls-out, there will be no flow across the (0.020″) signal orifice check valve threaded into the
controlling valve. The pressure will then equalize on steering priory valve, a 0.89 mm (0.035″) dampening
both ends of the flow compensator spool. The spring orifice located in the steering priority valve, a 0.78
will then cause the flow compensator spool to shift. mm (0.031″) orifice in the steering hand pump and
At the same time, the pressure will start to rise in the then to the reservoir. When the signal pressure is
system until it is able to move the spring-loaded bled-off, the flow compensator spool will return the
high-pressure spool. This spring is set at system to low pressure standby.
182.85--189.75 bar (3050 psi). When the high-pres-
sure compensator spool shifts, it directs oil to the
swash plate control piston, de-stroking the pump.

1. Signal Line-In A. Maximum High Pressure Oil

2. Flow Control Spool B. Drain Oil
3. High Pressure Spool
4. To Control Piston
5. Drain to Tank
6. Pump Output

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Signal Circuits The reel raise, reel fore/aft and unloading auger
The signal circuit pressure may be generated from swing can NOT create a signal. When any of these
the following sources: functions are activated the jammer valve is also
activated. The jammer valve is used to direct full
• Steering Circuit pump pressure into the signal line, this causes the
• Header Raise Circuit PFC pump to go the high pressure standby. A supply
• Signal Valve Circuit side orifice in each valve controls the speed at which
• Lateral Tilt Valve these function operated.
• Reel Drive Valve The jammer valve is connected before the orifices
that control the actuation speed. As a result, the
The steering, header raise, field tracker and reel signal pressure sensed is not the actual working
drive circuits react differently than the reel raise, reel pressure at the cylinder(s), but full system pressure.
fore/aft and unloading auger swing circuits. This is In this case, no pressure drop is detected and the oil
due to the location of the signal line. The steering, pressure on either side of the flow compensator
reel drive, terrain tracker and header raise rates are spool will remain equal. This situation will cause the
variable by the operator, unlike the other functions, system to go on high-pressure standby whenever
which are not adjustable. For example, the steering reel raise, reel fore/aft and unloading auger swing
speed can be affected by how fast the operator turns are operated.
the steering wheel. The header raise rate can be
increased or decreased by changing the raise rate Within the PFC system there are five checks valves
setting on the Universal Display Plus monitor. located in the signal lines. One at the header valve,
However, the adjustments for speed of reel raise, one at the steering priority valve, one in the reel drive
reel fore/aft and unloading auger swing are set by the valve and two in the lateral tilt valve. The purpose of
size of the orifices in each valve. these checks is to allow the highest signal line
pressure to get back to the compensator. This will
The signal line for the variable control systems make sure that the component with the highest--
(steering, terrain tracker, reel drive and header raise) pressure demand is satisfied.
is located after each control valve, (monitoring the
circuit work pressure). In this location, the signal line
will sense actual working pressure in the cylinder(s).

A.10.A / 29
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Steering Priority Valve

Main Machine Stack Valve

1. Signal from Steering

2. Supply to Feeder
Valve
3. Supply to Steering
Hand pump
4. Not indicated
5. Screen
6. Steering Signal
Check Valve
7. Signal Bleed Off
Orifice
8. Dynamic Orifice
9. Not indicated
10. Screen
11. Damping Orifice
12. Pump PSI
13. Signal PSI
14. Spring
15. DIAG Test Port
16. From PFC Pump
17. Signal Line Test Port

M210303 A

M210103

18

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

STEERING CIRCUIT of the priority spool draining to the reservoir, and the
increased pressure on the opposite end, the spool will
shift against the spring. The priority spool will meter
Steering Priority Valve just enough oil to the steering circuit to make-up for
The steering priority valve is integral with the main the oil being bled-off through the 0.79 mm (0.031 in)
stack valve on the left side of the combine. The orifice in the steering hand pump during low pressure
primary function of the steering priority valve is to standby. On the spring-end of the steering priority
maintain a priority flow of oil to the steering system. spool is an orifice (8) fitting that connects the steering
Oil from the PFC pump is directed to the inlet of the
hand pump signal line to the steering priority valve.
steering priority valve. Inside the valve is the priority This orifice fitting has a 0.79 mm (0.031 in) orifice in
spool, which is spring biased. The spring will position it, which serves as a dampening orifice to control
the spool so incoming oil will to go to the steering
priority spool movement.
hand pump first.
The steering hand pump circuit is opened when
When steering is not being used, pressure will steering is required. This will cause a pressure drop
increase due to the closed-center steering hand
on the non-spring end of the priority spool. The spring
pump. This build-up of pressure is directed to the will shift the priority spool to direct oil out to the
non-spring end (12) of the priority spool through a steering hand pump. The PFC pump will stroke to
screened 0.79 mm (0.031 in) damping orifice (11). At meet the steering demand. When steering demand
the same time, a screened 0.64 mm (0.025 in) is satisfied, pressure will start to build on the
dynamic sensor orifice (8) directs oil to the spring-end non-spring end of the priority spool. The pressure will
of the priority spool and to the signal line. The dynamic overcome the spring, shifting the priority spool, thus
sensor orifice keeps the signal line filled with oil to
allowing excess oil to be supplied to the main valve
keep the steering responsive. At the same time this oil assembly if required.
is allowed to drain to the reservoir through the orifice
in the steering hand pump spool. If the oil in the signal Threaded into the steering priority valve is a
line can flow through the steering hand pump too screened 0.50--mm (0.020in) orifice check. This
freely, the 0.79 mm (0.031 in) orifice in the steering orifice check allows oil pressure to get to the
hand pump will create a back pressure of 10.3 bar compensator when in low-pressure standby mode
(50--150 psi) in the signal line. This pressure in the and when steering the combine. It also allows signal
signal line plus the 27.6 bar (400 psi) springs in the line pressure, once a function has been completed,
compensator act together to put the system at low to bleed from the compensator to reservoir through
pressure standby. With the oil on the spring-side (13) the steering hand pump, which de-strokes the pump.

A.10.A / 31
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Steering Hand Pump

M231203

M231303

19

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

STEERING CIRCUIT

Steering Hand Pump Power Turn (left or right)

AFX Series Combines use an Eaton steering hand Oil from the PFC pump enters the steering hand
pump. This hand pump is a closed-center, pump at the supply port. This opens the
load-sensing design to minimize horsepower spring-loaded check valve and seats the recircula-
consumption and heat generation. The NA unit is 328 tion check. As the steering wheel is rotated (left or
cc with 4.5 turns lock to lock and the EUR unit is 320 right), the main spool will move within the sleeve.
cc with 4.7 turns lock to lock. Two 2.25″ X 13.4″ This movement will direct oil to the metering section
cylinders are used to turn the wheels. as well as to the signal line. The metering section
begins to rotate with the rotation of the steering
wheel. This moves oil from the PFC pump to the
Steering Neutral rod-end or the base end of the cylinder depending on
When there is no demand for steering, the the direction of rotation. At this point the oil pressure
spring-centered main spool and sleeve block the oil going to the cylinders is also transmitted back to the
inlet port and the ports to the steering cylinder. At the compensator by way of the signal line.
same time the main spool and sleeve open a
passage so the signal line can drain to the reservoir. Oil returning from the cylinder is directed back to the
The 0.64 mm (0.025 in) dynamic sensor orifice main spool and sleeve, then out the return port of the
directs oil to the spring-end of the priority spool and steering hand pump to the oil filter. When rotation of
to the signal line. The dynamic sensor orifice keeps the steering wheel is stopped, the spring-centered
the signal line filled with oil to keep the steering main spool and sleeve return to the neutral position.
responsive. At the same time this oil is allowed to This stops oil flow to the metering section and traps
drain to the reservoir through the orifice (1) in the oil in the cylinder.
steering hand pump. The orifice in the steering hand
pump will create a back pressure of 10.3 bar (50--150
psi) in the signal line. This pressure in the signal line
plus the 27.6 bar (400 psi) spring in the compensator
act together to put the system at low pressure
standby. The internal check valve between the
supply and return passages is closed at this time.

A.10.A / 33
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Steering Relief Valve

G F

C
B
D

E M231403

20
A. Steering Handpump E. Supply Line
B. To Steering Cylinders F. Steering Priority Valve
C. Return Line G. Check Valve
D. Signal Line

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

STEERING RELIEF VALVE the metering section (turned by the operator) is used
If the steering wheels are turned to their stops, or the as the pump to supply oil to the steering cylinder.
wheels can no longer be turned, the steering system
pressure increases until it goes on relief. When the
pressure increases above 182.7--189.6 bar Manual Turn (left or right)
(2650--2750 psi), a simple relief valve (2) located in As the operator rotates the steering wheel, the
the steering hand pump signal line will open. An centering springs compress and the main spool
orifice (1) is located in the hand pump to limit the changes relationship to the sleeve. Since there is no
amount of oil that is being feed into the signal line, so supply of hydraulic oil from the PFC pump, the inlet
that the relief valve can limit the pressure in the signal check valve will be held on its seat by the spring. At
line. This will limit the signal pressure available to the this point, the recirculation check ball will not be
steering priority valve and the compensator. The seated due to the fact there is no incoming oil. This
purpose of this relief valve is to limit the maximum allows oil from the return port to be drawn past the
pressure available to the spring-side of the priority recirculation check, through the main spool and
spool, thus allowing oil to flow to the main valve sleeve, to supply the metering section, which is now
assembly. If the steering relief pressure is set too acting as the pump. The metering section controls
close to the high-pressure stand-by pressure, the oil the amount of oil being directed to the cylinder based
flow to the main valve assembly may be cut off when on the rotation speed of the steering wheel. Oil flow
the steering relief valve opens. This relief valve is from the metering section is then directed to the
factory set to provide a pump supply pressure spool and sleeve, then out to the steering cylinder.
between 182.7--189.6 bar (2650--2750 psi).
Oil returning from the steering cylinder is directed
back to the main spool and sleeve, then to the return
port. Since return port oil is now the supply to the
Manual Steering
metering section, and the recirculation ball is off its
The steering circuit will permit manual steering
seat, the oil can again be directed to the metering
control of the combine in the event of a dead engine;
section for a continuous supply.
however, steering effort is more demanding. Manual
steering uses the existing oil in the steering circuit for When the rotation of the steering wheel is stopped,
the oil supply, and the operator turning the steering the centering springs return the main spool and
wheel as input power. In manual steering operation, sleeve to a neutral position.

A.10.A / 35
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM The reservoir tank temperature sensor monitors the

oil temperature in the reservoir tank. If the
temperature should climb above 128oC (260oF), the
Electrical Monitoring Circuits resistance of the sensor will be reduced to a point at
The system uses a number of sensors to monitor the which enough current will flow through it providing
systems operations. the CCM1 with a signal. At room temperature the
sensor reads approximately 2500 ohms and reduces
as the temperature increases.
HYDRAULIC FILTER RESTRICTIONS
SWITCH Power is supplied to the sensor from the CCM1
connector X019 terminal J2--24 to the sensor
Reference Material: terminal B. The sensor terminal A is directed back to
Electrical schematic frames #10 the CCM1 connector X019 terminal J2--14.

Key Components: NOTE: The diagnostic screen on the Universal

Hydraulic Filter Restriction Switch S--32, CCM1, Display Plus monitor monitors the supply wire B.
ground (1)

The filter restriction switch is used to monitor the

condition of the filter. The switch is a N/O switch.
When the pressure differential on the filter exceeds RESERVOIR TANK LEVEL SWITCH
the specifications the switch piston will shuttle over
Reference Material:
connecting the power wire to the filter base, providing
Electrical schematic frames #10
a ground. The filter restriction indicator should
illuminate prior to the filter by-pass opening,
Key Components:
providing the operator time to replace the filter.
Hydraulic Oil Level Switch S--33, CCM2, ground (1)
Power is supplied to the sensor from the CCM1
The reservoir tank level sensor monitors the oil level
connector X019 terminal J2--34 to the sensor
in the reservoir tank. If the level should fall too low the
terminal B. The sensor terminal A is directed to the
sensor will close, providing a complete circuit.
chassis ground (1).
Power is supplied to the sensor from the CCM2
HYDRAULIC OIL TEMPERATURE SENSOR connector X016 terminal J2--39 to the sensor
terminal B. The sensor terminal A is directed to the
Reference Material:
chassis ground (1).
Electrical schematic frames #10

Key Components:
Hydraulic Oil Temperature Sensor B--18, CCM1

Located:
In the PFC pump inlet manifold

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

REGULATED PRESSURE

Park Brake / Regulated Pressure Valve

1. Park Brake/Regulated Pressure Assembly

Park Brake / Regulated Pressure Valve

Regulated pressure is used for two functions: 1
1. To control the secondary portion of pilot operated
valve assembles, Header Raise / Lower and
Reel Drive valve. The primary spool uses
regulated pressure to control the position of the
secondary spool, the secondary spools will be
controlling the operating flow from the PFC
pump.
10035346
2. To release the Parking Brake and provide oil for
the tow valve assembly. 21

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Component Location

M227503

22
Regulated Pressure Schematic

M227403

23
1. Park Brake/Reg. Valve Assembly 7. Park Brake Valve
2. Supply From PFC Pump 8. Tow Valve (Hand Pump)
3. Return to Tank 9. Isolation Valve (Tow Operations)
4. Regulated Pressure Valve 10. Regulated Pressure Sensor
5. Pilot Line 11. Park Brake Release
6. To Regulated Circuits 12. Regulated Test Port

A.10.A / 38
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Regulated Pressure Valve Operation PFC is supplied at port (2) and is directed to the
regulated valve assembly. All regulated functions are
Reference Material: closed circuit operations, meaning they don’t require
Hydraulic Schematic large volumes of oil BUT demand constant pressure.
Since there is no real flow of oil through the circuits
Key Components: the pressure will stabilize at the current PFC working
Regulated/Park Brake/Tow Valve Assembly pressure which is to high. The regulating valve,
through the pilot line (5), is monitoring the regulated
Regulated Pressure pressure AFTER the valve. As the regulated
The Regulating /Park Brake valve is teed into the pressure increase the pressure is also directed to the
hydraulic supply line from the PFC pump so when the non-spring end of the regulating valve and shuttles it
PFC pump is operating, regardless of output against the spring, restricting the inflow of oil into the
pressure, the valve is receiving pump working regulated circuit, maintaining the circuit pressure.
pressure. PFC pump low pressure stand-by may
vary between 31--41 bar (450--600 PSI) so it is the job Regulated pressure may be tested at the test port
of the regulated valve to maintain a regulated (12).
pressure of 22--25 bar (320--360 PSI) for the
complete regulated circuit.

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Electrical Monitoring Circuits Plus monitor. If the pressure falls below specification
the park brake indicator lamp will illuminate warning
Park Brake Pressure Sensor to the operator. The sensor is a variable resistance
sensor.
Reference Material:
Electrical schematic frames #9, #27 A 5V power is supplied to the sensor from the CCM2
connector X017 terminal J3--26 to the sensor
Key Components: terminal B. The sensor terminal A is directed back to
Park Brake Sensor B--53, CCM2 the CCM2 connector X0016 terminal J2--14. The
sensor terminal C is providing a variable signal
A pressure sensor is used to monitor the parking voltage to the CCM2 connector X017 terminal J3--34.
brake release pressure, in turn monitoring the
regulated pressure. The sensor provides a constant
NOTE: The diagnostic screen on the Universal
voltage reading to the CCM2, and the CCM2 places
Display Plus monitor is monitoring the signal wire C.
a message on the data bus for the Universal Display

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Control Pressure

2 1

50035347

24
1. Supply from PTO Gearbox 3. Control Pressure Manifold and Sensor
2. Control Pressure Pump

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

CONTROL PRESSURE SYSTEM so on the AFX combine. Since the control pump will
On the AFX combines there are three individual be supplying all three hydrostatic drives a larger
hydrostatic drives, they all share common compo- pump is required. The control pump is the largest
nents. In the past we were accustomed to having a gear pump section of the gear pump assembly. The
charge pump and filtering system for each customary charge pump that is incorporated into the
hydrostatic drive, this system will use a common ground drive hydrostatic pump assembly will be used
charge pump and filter for all drives. We would ONLY for PTO gearbox cooling lubrication.
normally have call this the CHARGE pump and filter
for the hydrostatic drive, it is now the CONTROL NOTE: The Charge pressure is identified as “Control
PRESSURE circuit. Pressure.”

Normally the hydrostatic drive charge pump is

mounted inside the hydrostatic pump end cover, not

A.10.A / 42
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

M207903

25
1. Supply From PTO Gearbox 12. Control Pressure Test Port and Sensor
3. Control Pressure Pump 17. PTO Gearbox

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

M208303 B

26
2. Control Circuit Filter 6. Control / Lube Pressure Regulating Valve
3. Gear Pump Assembly 18. Pump to Filter Line

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Control Pressure Pump

1. Fan Drive Output (rear pump)
2. Spreader and Rotary Air Screen Output (center
pump)
3. Control Pressure Output (front pump)
4. Supply From PTO Gearbox, (for pump 3)
5. Supply From Hydraulic Reservoir, (for pumps 1 and
2)

The gear pump assembly is mounted in the PTO

gearbox and incorporates three separate gear
pumps.

The Control Pressure pump, (pump 3, nearest

to the drive shaft), is supplied oil from the PTO
gearbox and all of its flow is returned to the PTO
gearbox. See specification page.
The Spreader/Rotary Air Screen Drive pump is
supplied oil from the hydraulic reservoir and
returns all of its flow back to the reservoir. See
specification page. M207203

The Fan Drive pump is supplied oil from the

hydraulic reservoir and returns all of its flow 27
back to the reservoir. See specification page.

NOTE: If the seal was to leak between the front and

center pumps oil could transfer between reservoirs.

A.10.A / 45
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Filtration
2. Filter Base
4. Restrictions Indicator
5. Filter By-Pass Port

The control pressure filter is on the supply side of the

control pressure circuits, the filter is a pressure filter.
The filter base incorporates a filter restriction sensor
(4) that monitors the condition of the filter element. If
the restriction increases above 2.76 bar (40 PSID)
differential pressure the sensor will CLOSE to create
a signal to the Universal Display Plus monitor for
operator warning.

The filter base incorporates a filter by-pass valve that

will open at 3.45 bar (50 PSID) differential pressure M207103
to prevent over pressuring the filter. Since the flow is
supplying the hydrostatic pumps and motor the filter
by-pass does NOT permit dirty oil to flow through the
filter base down stream. The filter base directs the
by-pass out port (5) to the return manifold. The
sensor is set to activate prior to the by-pass valve
opening.

M208003 B

28

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 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Control / Lubrication Pressure Valve

M208003 C

M208103

29
5. Filter Base By-Pass IN Port 11. Lubrication Pressure Regulating Valve
6. Valve Body 18. Control Pressure Supply
7. Control Pressure Regulating Valve 19. Control Pressure OUT Port
8. Screen 20. Lubrication Pressure Switch
9. Orifice

The Control/Lube pressure control valve regulates The lubrication pressure is checked at the diagnostic
both the control pressure and lube pressure. The test port (20). The lubrication oil is supplied from the
valve is supplied oil from the control pressure pump lubrication pump, which discussed later in this
at port (18) and is exposed to the regulator (7). The section.
regulator is adjustable to maintain a control pressure
of 20--22 bar (290--320 PSI). If the pressure exceeds NOTE: The screen and orifice provide for an air
the spring setting the valve will shuttle and direct the bleed on initial start up at the plant or if the system is
flow to the return port (RET). drained completely. If the orifice was plugged the
control pressure pump could have problems priming.
The valve body also receives the filter by-pass oil at It will bleed approximately 1.9 L/m (0.5 GPM) to the
port (5) and combines it with the oil from both PTO gearbox.
pressure regulators. The combined oil is directed out
the return port (RET) to the return filter and back to
the PTO reservoir or the lubrication pump.

A.10.A / 47
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Control Pressure Schematic

M208003

30
1. PTO Reservoir 9. Orifice
2. Control Pressure Circuit Filter 10. Drain
3. Control Circuit Pump 11. Lubrication Pressure Valve
4. Filter Restriction Switch 12. Control Pressure Distribution Manifold
5. Filter By-Pass Port 13. Control Pressure Test Port
6. Control / Lubrication Pres. Reg. Valve 14. Control Pressure Sensor
7. Control Pressure Valve 15. Return Manifold
8. Screen 16. To The Lubrication Pump / Tank

A.10.A / 48
 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS - PRIMARY HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM

Control Pressure Schematic 2. The filter base monitors the filter restriction and
The control circuit pump is used to supply the ground, by-pass the oil if needed and directs the oil to the
rotor, and feeder drive hydrostatics and their Control/Lube Pressure regulating valve.
associated control valves, the unloading auger and
3. The control pressure is regulated by an
chopper/separator clutches. Excess oil is bypassed
adjustable relief valve and directed out to the
through the control valve and is returned to the return
distribution manifold. All excess oil that is bleed
manifold. All the oil from the return manifold is
off by the regulating valve is directed to the return
directed to the lubrication pump inlet, then to the
manifold and sent to the PTO gearbox and
control pump inlet. These two pumps will consume all
charge the lubrication and control circuit pump.
the return flow and still need more oil to pump. The
control circuit pump will receive the remaining oil 4. The distribution manifold contains a pressure
from the PTO gearbox reservoir/sump. sensor to monitor the Control Pressure, sending
a signal to the Universal Display Plus monitor for
1. The control circuit pump pulls oil from the return operator information.
manifold and the PTO gearbox and directs it to
the control circuit filter base

A.10.A / 49