COURSE SYLLABUS IN CRIMINAL LAW I

I. COURSE IDENTIFICATION

A. Course Code Law 109

B. Course Title Criminal Law 1
C. Course Credit Three Units
D. Course Hours 54 hours; 3 Hours Per Session for 18 sessions
E. Course Classification Core, Bar
F. Course Prerequisite None
II. COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The basic concepts and principles of criminal law and penology including those relating to the enforcement of penal laws and the
imposition of penalties.

III. GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES:

The intended learning outcomes (ILOs) of this course are aligned with the following attributes of a UP Law Graduate:

a. Practice ready;
b. Exceptionally competent;
b. Socially mindful;
c. Highly ethical;
d. Able to pass the bar
IV. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) *examples only

Knowledge Skills Values

Understand and explain the nature and Identify and solve legal issues Observe intellectual integrity
extent of criminal liability
Understand, analyze and solve problems in Know what legal justification is needed and Exhibit grit, tenacity and perseverance
criminal law where to find it
Understand the social function discharged Develop, improve and/or employ nuanced, Show respect for the rule of law, the
by the penal technique, and communicate surgical and critical thinking authority, institutions, and colleagues
the same to laymen

Summarize the Philippine criminal justice Frame answers/solutions well and Develop a sense of social responsibility
system communicate them effectively, orally and in
writing

Name and explain basic principles of Use legal terminology correctly Appreciate the dynamics between and
criminal law among the different stakeholders

Understand, analyze, and recite from Develop study habits Display humility
memory landmark decisions
Sift through voluminous readings Cultivate a sense of fairness and justice
Observe punctuality and utmost decorum Show moral courage and independent
thinking

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V. COURSE COVERAGE: Topics/Weeks when taken up/ Target calendar, Non-Contact Hours, Intended Learning
Outcomes, Assessment Methods, Course Requirements, Guidelines and Consultations Hours, References

A. Topics and Weeks When Taken Up

1. CRIMINAL LAW: DEFINITION AND SOURCES

A. Definition

B. Punishment of Crimes: Statutory Basis

1. Sources
Constitution (1987), Art. II, Sec. 5
Constitution (1987), Art VI, Sec. 1

Cases:

US v. Pablo, 35 Phil 94 (1916)

People v. Santiago, 43 Phil 124 (1922)

2. Limitations
Constitution (1987), Art. III, Secs. 1 14(1)
1985 Rules on Criminal Procedure, Rule 115
Civil Code, Art. 2

Cases:

Tanada v. Tuvera, 136 SCRA 27 (1985)

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 Pesigan v. Angeles, 129 SCRA 174 (1984)

3. Penological objectives
A.F. Tadiar Philosophy of a Penal Code 52 Phil LJ 165 (1977).

C. Basic Principles

1. Generality of Criminal Law

Constitution (1987), Art. VI, Sec. 1
Civil Code, Art. 14
Visiting Forces Agreement (VFA), Art. V

Cases:
US v. Sweet, 1 Phil 18 (1901)
Liang v. People, 355 SCRA 125

2. Principle of Territoriality
RPC, Art. 2
Constitution (1987), Art. 1
VFA, Art. V

Cases:
US v. Ah Sing, 36 Phil 978 (1917)
Miquiabas v. Commanding General, 80 Phil 262 (1948)

3. Prospective Application
RPC, Arts. 21, 22
Civil Code, Art. 4

Case:
Gumabon v. Director of Prisons, 37 SCRA 420 (1971)

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 4. Nullum Crimen Poena Sine Lege
RPC, Arts. 3, 21

Cases:
Bernardo v. People, 123 SCRA 365 (1983)
People v. Pimentel, 288 SCRA 542 (1998)

5. Strict Construction of penal laws against State

Constitution (1987), Art. III, Sec. 14 (2)

Case:
People v. Bon, G.R. No. 166401, 30 October 2006
Pascual v. Board of Examiners, 28 SCRA 344 (1969)

D. General Provisions
RPC, Art. 1, 2

II. FELONIES

A. HOW COMMITTED

1. Dolo
RPC, Art. 3

a. Elements
1. Actus reus
2. Mens rea

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 b. Presumption of Criminal Intent
c. General and specific intent
d. Intent and motive

Cases:
Manuel v. People, 476 SCRA 461 (2005)
People v. Delos Santos, 403 SCRA153 (2003)
Guiyab v. People, 473 SCRA 533 (2005)
People v. Temblor, 161 SCRA 623 (1988)
People v. Hassan, 157 SCRA 261 (1988)

e. Mistake of Fact

Cases:
US v. Ah Chong, 15 Phil 488 (1910)
People v. Oanis, 74 Phil 257 (1943)

3. Culpa or constructive intent – Arts. 3 & 365

f. Elements
g. Distinguished from dolo

Case:
Ivler vs. Hon. Modesto-San Pedro
(G.R. No. 172716, Nov. 17, 2010)
People v. Buan, 22 SCRA 1383 (1968)

B. CRIMES DEFINED AND PENALIZED BY SPECIAL LAWS

1. Crimes mala in se and mala prohibita

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 Case:
Estrada v. Sandiganbayan 369 SCRA 394 (2001)
Garcia vs. Court of Appeals, 484 SCRA 617 (2006)
2. Relation of RPC to special laws
RPC, Art. 10

Cases:
Padilla v. Dizon, 158 SCRA 127 (1988)
Padilla v. Court of Appeals, 269 SCRA 402 (1997)

C. PUNISHABLE CONDUCT

1. Wrongful act different from that intended

RPC, Art. 4 (1)

1.1 Aberratio ictus (mistake in the blow)

1.2 Error in personae (mistake in identity)
1.3 Praeter intentionem (injurious result greater than intended) – Art,
13(3)

Case:
Bataclan v. Medina, GR No. L-10126 (October 1957)
People v. Cabareño, 349 SCRA 297 (2001)
People v. Sabalones, 294 SCRA 751 (1988)

2. Ommission
RPC, Arts. 116, 137, 208, 223,234,275
Pres. Dec. Nos. 953, 1153

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3. Proposal and Conspiracy
RPC Arts. 8, 115, 136, 141, 186, 306,340

Cases:
US v. Bautista, 6 Phil. 581 (1906)
People vs. Vengco, 127 SCRA 242 (1984)
People v. Valdez, 159 SCRA 153 (1988)
People v. Escober, 157 SCRA 541 (1988)
People v. Elijorde, 306 SCRA 188 (1999)
Li v. People, 427 SCRA 217 (2004)

4. Attempt
RPC, Art. 6

Cases:
People v. Lamahang, 61 Phil 703 (1935)
People v. Dio, 130 SCRA 151 (1984)
People v. Trinidad, 169 SCRA 51 (1989)
People v. Campuhan, G.R. No. 129433, March 30, 2000
Rivera v. People, 480 SCRA 188 (2006)
Velasco v. People, 483 SCRA 649 (2006)
Baleros v. People, 483 SCRA 10 (2006)

5. Frustration
RPC, Art. 6

Cases:
People v. Erinia, 50 Phil. 998 (1927)
People v. Orita, 184 SCRA 105 (1990)
People vs. Listerio

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 6. Consummation
RPC. Art. 6

Cases:
US v. Adiao, 38 Phil 754 (1955)
People v. Hernandez, 49 Phil 980 (1925)
Valenzuela vs. People, GR No. 160188 (June 21, 2007)

D. Classification of Felonies

1. Grave
2. Less Grave
3. Light Felonies
RPC, Art. 9
RPC, Art. 7
4. R.A. 10951 Section 1 amending RPC Art. 9

III. CRIMINAL LIABILITY

A. How incurred

1. Commission of felony
2. Impossible crimes
RPC, Art. 4

Cases:
Urbano v. IAC, 157 SCRA 1 (1998)
Intod v. CA, 215 SCRA 52 (1992)

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B. Circumstances affecting criminal liability

1. Justifying circumstances
RPC, Art. 11

 SELF-DEFENSE, DEFENSE OF RELATIVES AND STRANGERS,

DEFENSE OF PROPERTY, DEFENSE OF REPUTATION

Cases:
People v. Rubiso, 399 SCRA 267
People v. Enfectana, 381 SCRA 359 (2002)
People v. Genosa 419 SCRA 537 (2004)
See R.A. 9262 Section 3, Section 26
People v. Narvaez, 121 SCRA 389 (1983)
People v. Boholst-Caballero, 61 SCRA 180 (1974)
People v. Alconga, 78 Phil 366 (1947)
People v. Sumicad, 56 Phil. 643 (1932)
People v. Luague, 62 Phil 504 (1935)
People v. Dela Cruz, 61 Phil 344 ( 1935)
People v. Jaurigue, 76 Phil 174 (1946)
US v. Bumanglang, 14 Phil 644 (1909)

 STATE OF NECESSITY (AVOIDANCE OF GREAT EVIL)

People v. Ricohermoso, 56 SCRA 431 (1974)

Ty v. People, 439 SCRA220 (2004)

 FULFILLMENT OF DUTY OR LAWFUL EXERCISE OF RIGHT

Civil Code, Art. 429

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 Cases:

People v. Ulep, 340 SCRA 688 (2000)

Cabanlig v. Sandiganbayan, 464 SCRA 324 (2005)
People v. Delima, 46 Phil 738 (1922)
People v. Oanis, 74 Phil 257 (1943)

 OBEDIENCE TO SUPERIOR ORDER

Cases;
People v. Beronilla, 96 Phil 566 (1955)
Tabuena v. Sandiganbayan, 268 SCRA 332 (1997)

2. Exempting Circumstances
RPC, Art. 12

 INSANITY AND IMBECILITY

Cases:
In Re: M’Naghten, 8 Eng. Rep. 718
(reserve section Library)
People vs. Tabugoca, 285 SCRA 312 (1998)
People v. Madarang. 332 SCRA 99 (2000)
People v. Bonoan; 64 Phil 87 (1937)
People v. Taneo, 58 Phil 255 (1933)
People v. Formigones, 87 Phil 658 (1950)

 MINORITY
RPC, Art. 80

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 RA 9344 Sections 6 & 58
Pres. Dec. No. 603, Arts. 189 at seq.
Rule on Commitment of Children (A.M. No. 02-1-19-SC)
Rule on Juveniles in Conflict with Law (A.M. No. 02-1-18-SC)

Cases:
People v. Doquena, 68 Phil 580 (1939)
Llave v. People 488 SCRA 376 (2006)

 ACCIDENT
People vs. Castillo, 526 SCRA 215
Pomoy v. People, 439 SCRA 439 (2004)
People v. Agliday, 367 SCRA 273 (2001)
US v. Tanedo, 15 Phil 196 (1910)
People v. Bindoy, 56 Phil 15 (1931)

 IRRESISTABLE FORCE/UNCONTROLLABLE FEAR

Ty v. People, 439 SCRA 220 (2004)

People v. Lising, 285 SCRA 595 (1998)
People v. Elicanal, 35 Phil 209 (1916)
US v. Caballeros, 4 Phil 350 (1905)
US v. Exaltacion, 3 Phil 339 (1905)
People v. Fronda, 222 SCRA 71 (1993)

 INSUPERABLE OR LAWFUL CAUSES

US v. Vincentillo, 19 Phil 118 (1911)

People v. Bandian, 63 Phil 530 (1936)

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 3. Mitigating Cirumstances
RPC, Art. 13

 INCOMPLETE JUSTIFICATION/EXEMPTION
 UNDER 18 OR OVER 70 YEARS OF AGE
 NO INTENTION TO COMMIT SO GRAVE A WRONG

Cases:
People v. Court of Appeals and Tangan, 352 SCRA 599
(2001)
People v. Ural, 56 SCRA 138 (1974)
People v. Amit, 32 SCRA 95 (1970)
People v. Regato, 127 SCRA 287 (1984)

 SUFFICIENT PROVOCATION OR THREAT

Urbano vs. People, GR No. 182750, Jan. 20, 2009

People v. Beltran, G.R. No. 168051, 27 September 2006
People v. Pagal, 79 SCRA 570 (1977)
Romero v. People, 434 SCRA 467

 IMMEDIATE VINDICATION OF A GRAVE OFFENSE

US v. Ampar, 37 Phil 201 (1917)

People v. Parana, 64 Phil 331 (1937)
People v. Diokno, 63 Phil 601 (1936 )
People v. Torpio, 431 SCRA 9 (2004)

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 PASSION OR OBFUSCATION

People v. Bates, 400 SCRA 95 (2003)

People v. Genosa, 419 SCRA 537 (2004)
People v. Muit, 117 SCRA 696 (1982)
US v. Hicks, 14 Phil 217 (1909)
US v. Dela Cruz. 22 Phil 429 (1912)
People v. Germina, 290 SCRA 146 (1998)

 VOLUNTARY SURRENDER

Cases:
People v. Basite, 412 SCRA 558 (2003)
People v. Quimson, 427 SCRA 261 (2004)
People v. Pinca, 318 SCRA 270 (1999)
People v. Amaguin, 229 SCRA 166 (1994)
People v. Dulos, 237 SCRA 141 (1994)

 PLEA OF GUILT

People v. Montinola, 360 SCRA 631

People v. Crisostomo, 160 SCRA 47 (1988)
People v. Jose, et al., 37 SCRA 450 (1971)

 PHYSICAL DEFECTS
 ILLNESS

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 ANALOGOUS MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES

4. Aggravating Circumstances
RPC, Art. 14

4.1 People v. Sultan, GR No. 132470, April 27, 2000

 TAKING ADVANTAGE OF PUBLIC OFFICE

RPC , Art. 19 (3)

Cases:
People v. Villamor, 373 SCRA 254 (2002)
People v. Capalac, 117 SCRA 874 (1982)
People v. Gapasin, 231 SCRA 728 (1994)

 IN CONTEMPT OF OR WITH INSULT TO PUBLIC AUTHORITIES

 WITH INSULT OR LACK OF REGARD DUE TO OFFENDED PARTY BY
REASON OF RANK, AGE, OR SEX
 DWELLING

People v. Montinola, 360 SCRA 631 (2001)

Mari v. Court of Appeals, 332 SCRA 475 (2000)
People v. Rodil, 109 SCRA 308 (1981)
People v. Daniel, 86 SCRA 511 (1978
People v. Banez, 301 SCRA 248 (1999)
People v. Lapaz, 171 SCRA 539 (1989)

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 ABUSE OF CONFIDENCE AND OBVIOUS UNGRATEFULNESS

People v. Arrojado, 350 SCRA 679 (2001)

People v. Mandolado, 123 SCRA 128 (1983)

 CRIME IN PALACE OR IN PRESENCE OF THE CHIEF EXECUITIVE

 NIGHTTIME, UNINHABITED PLACE OR WITH BAND
RPC, Art 296

Cases:
People v. Silva, 387 SCRA 77 (2002)
People v. Librando, 335 SCRA 232
People v. Jose, supra
People v. Desalisa, 229 SCRA 35 (1994)

 ON OCCASION OF A CALAMITY
 AID OR ARMED MEN OR MEANS TO ENSURE IMPUNITY
 RECIDIVISM
RPC, Art. 160

Case:
People v. Dacillo, 427 SCRA 528
People v. Molina, 336 SCRA 400 (2000)

 REITERACION OR HABITUALITY
RPC, Arts. 62 (5), 160

Case:

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 People v. Cajara, 341 SCRA 192 (2000)
People v. Gaorana, 289 SCRA 652 (1998)
People v. Villapando, 178 SCRA 341 (1989)

 PRICE, REWARD OR PROMISE

 INUNDATION, FIRE, POISON
 EVIDENT PREMIDETATION

People v. Uganap, 358 SCRA 674

People v. Campomanes, 376 SCRA 307 (2002)
People v. Bibat, 290 SCRA 27 (1988)
People v. Lug-aw, 229 SCRA 308 (1994)
People v. Camilet, 142 SCRA 402 (1986)
People v. Ilaoa, 233 SCRA 231 (1984)

 CRAFT, FRAUD OR DISGUISE

People v. Labuguen, 337 SCRA 488 (2000)

People v. Marquez, 117 SCRA 165 (1982)
People v. Empacis, 222 SCRA 59 (1993)

 SUPERIOR STRENGTH OR MEANS TO WEAKEN DEFENSE

People v. Ambrocio, 433 SCRA 67 (2004)

People v. Cabato, 160 SCRA 98 (1988)
People vs. Ruelan, 231 SCRA 650 (1994)
People v. Padilla, 233 SCRA 46 (1994)

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 TREACHERY

People v. Jorolan, 404 SCRA 564 (2003)

People v. Malejana, 479 SCRA 610 (2006)
People v. Castillo, 289 SCRA 213 (1998)
People v. Sangalang, 58 SCRA 737 (1974)
People v. Gutierrez, 158 SCRA 614 (1988)
People v. Verchez, 233 SCRA 174 (1994)

 IGNOMINY

People v. Bumidang, 346 SCRA 807 (2000)

People v. Siao, 327 SCRA 269 (2000)

 UNLAWFUL ENTRY

People v. Baello, 224 SCRA 218 (1993)

 BREAKING WALL, FLOOR, ROOF

 WITH AID OF PERSONS UNDER 15 OR BY MOTOR VEHICLE
 CRUELTY

People v. Guerrero, 389 SCRA 389 (2002)

People v. Lacao, 60 SCRA 89 (1974)
People v. Ilaoa, Supra

SPECIAL AGGRAVATING, QUALIFYING, AND “AGGRAVATING

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 QUALIFYING” CIRCUMSTANCES
RPC, Art. 266-B

Case:
People v. Balgos, 323 SCRA 372 (2000)
1. Specific felonies
2. Special laws
2.1. Use of loose firearm
2.1.1 Sec. 29, RA 10591, or the Comprehensive Firearms and
Ammunition Regulation Act
2.2 Use of dangerous drugs while committing a felony
2.2.1 RA 9165, or the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
2.3. Use of information and communications technologies
2.3.1. RA 10175, or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012

Case: Disini vs. Sec. of Justice, 716 SCRA 237; 332

` 5. Alternative Circumstances
RPC, Art. 15

 RELATIONSHIP

Case:
People v. Marcos, 349 SCRA 537 (2001)
People v. Atop, 286 SCRA 157 (1998)

 INTOXICATION
People v. Marquita, 327 SCRA 41 (2000)
People v. Renejane, 158 SCRA 258 (1988)
People v. Camano 115 SCRA 688 (1982)

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  DEGREE OF INSTRUCTION AND EDUCATION

6, Absolutory Causes and Other Special Situations

a. Entrapment and Instigation

Chang v. People, 496 SCRA321 (2006)
People v. Sy G.R. No. 171397, 27 September 2006
People v. Lua Chu, 56 Phil 44 (1931)
Araneta v. CA, 142 SCRA532 (1986)

b. Effect of Pardon
RPC , Art. 23
Rep. Act. No. 8353

c. Absolutory Causes
RPC, Art. 6 (3), 7, 20, 16, 247, 280, 332, 344

d. Acts not covered by law and in case of excessive punishment

RPC , Art. 5

Case:
People v. Veneracion, 249 SCRA 244 (1995)

IV. PERSONS CRIMINALLY LIABLE

A. In Grave and Less Grave Felonies

1. Principals
RPC, Art. 17

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 Case:
People v. Ragundiaz, 334 SCRA 193 (2000)

a. by direct participation

Cases:
People v. Dacillo, 427 SCRA 528 (2004)
People v. Nunag, 173 SCRA 274 (1989)
People v. Dela Cerna, 21 SCRA 569 (1967)

b. by inducement

People v. Dela Cruz, 97 SCRA 385 (1980)

US v. Idianan, 24 Phil. 203 (1913)

c. by indispensable cooperation

People v. Montealegre, 161 SCRA 700 (1988)

2. Accomplices
RPC, Art. 18

Cases:
People v. Roche, 330 SCRA 91 (2000)
People v. Tolentino, 380 SCRA 171 (2002)
People v. Geraldo, 438 SCRA 78 (2006)
People v. Mandolado, supra
People v. Doctolero, 193 SCRA 632 (1991)

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 3. Accessories
RPC, Arts. 19., 20
Presidential Decree No. 1612
Cf. PD 1829 (obstruction of justice)

Case:
People v. Tolentino, 380 SCRA 171 2002)
People vs. Mariano, 347 SCRA 109 (2000)
People v. Talingdan, 84 SCRA 19 (1978)

V. PENALTIES

A. General Principles

1, No ex post facto laws and other Constitutional prohibitions

RPC, Art. 21
Constitution (1987), Art. III, Secs. 18 (1) & (2), 19 (1), 20 , 22

Cases:
In Re: Kay Villegas Kami, 35 SCRA 429 (1970)
People v. Ferrer, 48 SCRA 382 (1972)
People v. Bracamonte, 257 SCRA 380 (1996)
People v. Valdez, G.. R. No. 127663, 11 March
1999

2. Prospectivity; Exception
RPC, Art. 21, 22
Civil Code Art. 4

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 Cases:
People v. Gallo, 315 SCRA 461 (1999)
People v. Patalin, 311 SCRA 187 (1999)

3. Effect of Repeal of Penal Laws

a. With reenactment
b. Without reenactment

Case:
People v. Pimentel, supra

B. Penalties which may be imposed

RPC, Art. 25

1. Principal Penalties
2. Accessory Penalties

C. Specific Principal and Accessory Penalties

1. Capital Punishment
Republic Act No. 7659
Republic Act No. 8177 and Implementing Rules and Regulations
Constitution (1987), Art. III, Sec. 19
RPC, Art. 40 , 47, 81-85

Cases:
People v. Echegaray, 257 SCRA 561 (1996)
Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice, G.R. No.

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 132601, Resolution dated 4 and 19 January 1999
People v, Esparas, et al., 260 SCRA 539 (1996)
People v. Munoz, 170 SCRA 107 (1989)

2. Afflictive Penalties
RPC, Art. 27, 41-42

a. Reclusion Perpetua

i. As Indivisible Penalty

Case:
People v. Gatward, 267 SCRA 785 (1997)

ii. Distinguish from Life Imprisonment

People v. Ballabare, 264 SCRA 350 (1996)

b. Reclusion Temporal
c. Prision Mayor

3. Correctional Penalties

a. Prision Correccional
b. Arresto Mayor
RPC, Art. 27, 39, 43, 44

4. Light Penalties

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 a. Arresto Menor
b. Public Censure
RPC, Art. 27, 39, 44

5. Penalties common to afflictive, correctional and light penalties

a. Fine
b. Bond to keep the peace
RPC, Arts. 25 , 26, 35, 66

D. Accessory Penalties
RPC, Arts 30-34, 41-45

1. Perpetual or Temporary Absolute Disqualification;

2. Perpetual or Temporary Special Disqualification
3. Suspension from Public Office, the Right to Vote and be Voted for, the
Right to Practice a Profession or Calling;
4. Civil Interdiction;
5. Indemnification or Confiscation of Instruments or Proceeds of the Offense
6. Payment Costs

E. Measures Not Considered Penalty

RPC , Art. 24
Family Code, Art. 228-229

F. Application and Computation of Penalties

1. Generally
RPC Art. 28, 29, 46

Case:

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 People v. Formigones, 87 Phil. 658 (1950)

1.1. RA 10592, "An Act Amending Article 29, 94, 97, 98 and 99 of the
RPC"

2. Principals, Accomplices and Accessories in Consummated, Frustrated and

Attempted Felonies
RPC, Arts. 46, 50-57, 60-61

Case:
People v. Campuhan, supra

3. Effects of Mitigating and Aggravating Circumstances

RPC, Art. 62-64, 67, 69

Case:
Lacanilao v. CA, 162 SCRA 563 (1988)

G. Special Rules

1. Complex Crimes
RPC, Art. 48

Cases:
People v. Escober, supra
People v. Hernandez, 99 Phil. 515 (1956)
People v. Geronimo, 100 Phil. 99 (1956)
Ponce Enrile v. Salazar, 186 SCRA 217 (1990)
People v. Toling, 62 SCRA 17 (1975)

2. Special Complex Crimes

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 People v. Fabon, 328 SCRA 302 (2000)
People v. Empante, 306 SCRA 251 (1999)

3. Crime different from that intended

RPC, Art. 49

4. Impossible Crimes
RPC, Arts. 4, 59

5. Additional penalty for certain accessories

RPC, Art. 58

6. Where the offender is below 18 years old

RPC, Art. 68
Presidential Decree No. 603, Art. 192

7. The Three-Fold Rule

RPC, Art. 70

Case:
Mejorada v. Sandiganbayan, 151 SCRA 339 (1987)

8. Where the penalty is composed of three periods

RPC, Art. 65

H. The Indeterminate Sentence Law

Act. No. 4103
RPC, Art. 64
1. Application on the imposed sentence

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 2. Coverage
3. Conditions of parole
Cases:
People vs. Temporada, GR No. 173473, Dec.
17, 2008
Dela Cruz v. CA, 265 SCRA 299 (1996)
People v. Campuhan, supra
People v. Saley, supra

I. Execution Service Penalties

1. Execution of Penalties
RPC, Art.s. 78, 86-88
Rules and Regulations to Implement R.A. 8177

In the Matter of the Petition for Habeas Corpus of

Pete C. Lagran, 363 SCRA 275 (2001)

2. Effects of Probation of Law

Presidential Decree No. 968 (as amended by RA 10707; RA 9344)

2.1 Definition
2.2 Purpose
2.3 Grant, manner and conditions
2.4 Criteria
2.5 Disqualified offenders
2.6 Period
2.7 Arrest of probationer
2.8 Termination; exception

Cases:

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 Llamado v. CA, 174 SCRA 566 (1989)
Bala v. Martinez, 181 SCRA 459 (1990)
Salgado v. CA, 189 SCRA 304 (1990)
Office of the Court Administrator v. Librado,
260 SCRA 625 (1996)

3. Suspension in case of Insanity or Minority

RPC, Art. 79
Presidential Decree No. 603, Arts. 189-204
Rule on Juveniles in Conflict with the Law, Sec. 32

VI. EXTINCTION OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY

A. Total Extinction
RPC, Art. 89-93,36

Cases:
Monsanto v. Factoran, 170 SCRA 190 (1989)
Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-Finding Committee
on Behest Loans v. Desierto,
363 SCRA 489 (2001)

B. Partial Extinction
RPC, Arts. 94-99

See also RA 10592, supra

VII. CIVIL LIABILITY ARISING FROM A FELONY

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A. General Rule
RPC, Art. 100
Civil Code, Arts. 20, 161, 2176, 2177
2000 Rules on Criminal Procedure, Rule 111

B. Special Cases

1. Insanity, Imbecility and those Over 9 and under 15 Years of Age

2. State Necessity
3. Irresistible Force, Uncontrollable Fear of Greater or Equal Injury
RPC, Art. 101
4. Innkeepers and Similar Persons
RPC, Art. 102
5. Subsidiary Liability of Other Persons
RPC, Art. 103

Case:
Carpio v. Doroja, 180 SCRA 1 (1989)

C. What Civil Liability

RPC, Arts. 104-108

D. Persons Civil Liable

RPC, Art. 108-111

E. Extinction of Civil Liability

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 RPC, Arts. 112-113
Civil Code, Art. 1231

Guidelines

1. The student is expected to read all the assigned materials, using the Course Outline as a guide.
2. In an ideal setting, where physical classes are held inside the classrooms, recitations in class had always
been the basic tool for learning. From its very inception, the UP College of Law had considered the Socratic Method
as the gold standard in teaching the law in the grand manner. The professor will call students to recite on the assigned
material. Others are encouraged to participate with comments and/or questions.
3. However, during the current pandemic where distance and/or online learning is now the norm, the
professors are encouraged to choose either synchronous or asynchronous method of teaching, or a combination of
both, using all available online platforms, e.g. zoom meetings, google meet, google classroom, moodle, UVLe, etc.
As of the moment, a prescribed and/or standard teaching and learning platform is still being evolved.

4. Again, in an ideal setting, attendance in the classroom is checked, but not graded. However if a student is
absent and called for recitation, a recitation grade of 5.0 for the day will be given. The University rule for dropping a
student who is absent more than 20% of the assigned time will be applied.

5. However, with the shift in paradigms, where asynchronous exercises maybe preferred by the professor,
the student’s participation in required activities in such asynchronous exercises may be given more weight than
attendance in online meetings of the class. This is another item that has to be addressed in the prescribed and/or
standard teaching and learning method.
6. Books intended for bar review are not helpful, and are strongly discouraged.

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 7. The student is advised to read the cases in the original and to prepare his/her own digests.
8. The assigned articles in the Revised Penal Code or special laws must be read along with the assigned
cases and chapters in the basic textbook.
9. All students are required to take the final exam. Failure to do so for any reason shall mean a failing grade
of “5.00” for the missed exam. A student who misses the exam due to valid reasons may be given a completion
test/examination upon submission of the required documents. Failure to complete a missed test/examination on the
date set shall result in a failing grade for the missed examination.
10. Any form of intellectual dishonesty shall be dealt with according to University guidelines.

F. Consultation Hours

G. References
Revised Penal Code and special laws in the Outline
The Revised Penal Code by Luis B. Reyes, Book One, Articles 1-113
Other treatises by other authors on the Revised Penal Code, Book One Article 1-113

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