奧冠 教育 中心

OLYMPIAD CHAMPION EDUCATION CENTRE

香港國際科學競賽初賽 2019 - 2020（香港賽區）

HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL
SCIENCE OLYMPIAD
HEAT ROUND 2019 - 2020 (HONG KONG REGION)

高中組 Senior Secondary Group

時限：60 分鐘
Time allowed: 60 minutes

試題
Question Paper
考生須知：
Instructions to Contestants:
1. 本卷包括 試題 乙份，試題紙不可取走。
Each contestant should have ONE Question-Answer Book which CANNOT be taken away.

2. 本卷共 4 個範疇，每範疇有 5 題，共 20 題，答對得 2 分，空題得 0 分，答錯倒扣 1 分。

There are 4 exam areas and 5 questions in each exam area. There are a total of 20 questions in this
Question-Answer Book. Two points for correct answers. No points for incorrect answers. ONE penalty
point will be deducted for incorrect answers.

3. 請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on ANSWER SHEET.

4. 比賽期間，小學組不得使用計算工具，中學組可以使用計算工具。
During the contest, NO calculators can be used for PRIMARY GROUP but calculators can be used for
SECONDARY GROUP.

5. 本卷中所有圖形不一定依比例繪成。
All figures in the paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

6. 比賽完畢時，本試題會被收回。
This Question-Answer Book will be collected at the end of the contest.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

本試題不可取走。
THIS Question-Answer Book CANNOT BE TAKEN AWAY.
未得監考官同意，切勿翻閱試題，否則參賽者將有可能被取消資格。
DO NOT turn over this Question-Answer Book without approval of the examiner.
Otherwise, contestant may be DISQUALIFIED.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

選擇題（第 1 至 20 題）（答對得 2 分，空題得 0 分，答錯倒扣 1 分，選擇最佳的選項。）

Multiple Choice Questions (1st ~20th) (Two points for correct answers. No points for incorrect answers. ONE
penalty point will be deducted for incorrect answers. Choose the best answer.)

Physics
物理

1. Pliers and water boilers equip with plastic handles and plastic cover respectively to protect the users.
Which property are they based on?
電工鉗和熱水煲分別會用塑膠手柄和塑膠手把保護使用者，這是根據它們的什麼性質呢？

A. The protection of plastic handle is based on thermal insulation and the protection of plastic cover is
based on electrical insulation.
塑膠手柄是熱的絕緣體，塑膠手把是電的絕緣體。
B. The protection of plastic handle is based on electrical insulation and the protection of plastic cover is
based on thermal insulation.
塑膠手柄是電的絕緣體，塑膠手把是熱的絕緣體。
C. The protection of both plastic handle and plastic cover are based on thermal insulation.
塑膠手柄和塑膠手把都是熱的絕緣體。
D. The protection of both plastic handle and plastic cover are based on electrical insulation.
塑膠手柄和塑膠手把都是電的絕緣體。
E. Both plastic handle and plastic cover can reduce the friction to prevent sprain of wrist.
塑膠手柄和塑膠手把能降低摩擦力，保護手腕不易扭傷。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

2. The figure below shows 3 resistant connected with a 12V battery.

下圖顯示三個電阻器連接至一個電壓為 12 V 的電池

Which of the statement is/are correct?

以下哪項(些)敍述是正確？

(1) The voltage of 3 Ω resistor is higher than the voltage of 6 Ω resistor

3 Ω 電阻器的電壓較 6 Ω 電阻器的電壓高。
(2) If we use a wire in 3 Ω resistor forcing short circuit, there is no current passing through 6 Ω resistor
若用一條電線使 3 Ω 電阻器出現短路，便沒有電流流經 6 Ω 電阻器。
(3) Current passing through 3 Ω resistor is higher than that passing through 6 Ω resistor
流經 3 Ω 電阻器的電流大於流經 6 Ω 電阻器的電流。

A. Only (1) and (2)

只有(1)和(2)
B. Only (1) and (3)
只有(1)和(3)
C. Only (2) and (3)
只有(2)和(3)
D. Only (3)
只有(3)
E. (1)、(2) and (3)
(1)、(2)和(3)
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

3. The Iron in the figure below is using live line to provide voltage difference so that the iron can function
properly.
下圖中的電燙斗是由活線去提供電壓差，讓燙斗可以正常運作。

Live
Neutral
Earth

If point A and B break and touch the metal shell respectively, what will happen?
如電線中的 A、B 點分別斷開並觸碰到金屬外殼，請問會分別出現什麼問題？

A 點斷開並觸碰到金屬外殼 B 點斷開並觸碰到金屬外殼
Point A breaks and touches metal shell Point B breaks and touches metal shell
A. 短路並會使發熱元件起火 短路並會使斷路器切斷電源
Short circuit and causing heating Short circuit and stopping the electric
components fire supply
B. 短路並會使發熱元件起火 發熱元件會繼續運作
Short circuit and causing heating heating components function normally
components fire
C. 發熱元件會繼續運作 短路並會使斷路器切斷電源
heating components function normally Short circuit and stopping the electric
supply
D. 發熱元件會繼續運作 發熱元件會繼續運作
heating components function normally heating components function normally
E. 使用者觸摸金屬外殼時必然會觸電 發熱元件會繼續運作
Electric shock must be caused when heating components function normally
user touches the metal shell
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

4. If we connect 5 1.5V battery in series as a set of battery, what is the possible value of the voltage of this
set of battery?
把五個 1.6 V 的乾電池以串聯的方式組成電池組，電池組的電壓可能是多少？

A. 0 V or 8 V
0V或8V
B. 0 V, 1.6V or 8 V
0 V、1.6 V 或 8 V
C. 1.6 V, 4.8V or 8 V
1.6 V、4.8 V 或 8 V
D. 0 V, 3.2 V, 6.4V or 8 V
0 V、3.2 V、6.4 V 或 8 V
E. 1.6 V, 3.2 V, 4.8V, 6.4V or 8 V
1.6 V、3.2 V、4.8 V、6.4 V 或 8 V
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

5. The figure below shows one of the most quiet room in the world. After the door is closed, the sound
intensity will be -20.35 dB. Also the sound emitted by bats to detect the distance which is also
imperceptible by human.
下圖顯示世界上最安靜的房間，在房間關上門後，音量強度等級為 -20.35 分貝。同時蝙蝠有探測
距離時所發出聲音，也是人類無法聽到的。

What properties do these two sounds have?

請問兩者各有什麼特質？

最安靜的房間 蝙蝠發出的聲音
The sound in the room The sound emitted by bats
A 音量低於人類所能聽取之音量 音量低於人類所能聽取之音量
.
The volume is lower than human The volume is lower than human
perceptible range perceptible range
B 音量低於人類所能聽取之音量 音頻低於人類所能聽取之音域
.
he volume is lower than human The frequency is lower than human
perceptible range perceptible range
C 音量低於人類所能聽取之音量 音頻高於人類所能聽取之音域
.
he volume is lower than human The frequency is higher than human
perceptible range perceptible range
D 房間外的雜音會令人類聽覺無法正 音量低於人類所能聽取之音量
.
常運作 The volume is lower than human
perceptible range
The sounds outside the room break the
auditory sense of human.
E 房間外的雜音會令人類聽覺無法正 音頻高於人類所能聽取之音量
.
常運作 The frequency is higher than human
perceptible range
The sounds outside the room break the
auditory sense of human.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

Biology
生物

6. We put variegated plant into darkness for 2 days. Then we put it under sufficient light for 6 hours. After
that, we pick a normal leaf and a leaf covered by aluminum plate from this plant. The figures below show
the result of both leaves in this experience.
我們先把斑葉植物放置在黑暗中兩天，再把斑葉植物放在充足的燈光下六小時。其後，我們摘下
一片普通斑葉和一片包裹鋁箔的斑葉進行碘液實驗。下圖顯示了兩片斑葉分別進行碘液實驗的實
驗結果。

實驗前 實驗後
Before experience After experience
普通斑葉
Normal Green Dark blue
leaf
Yellow Light brown

包裹鋁箔的斑葉
Dark blue
Leaf covered by Green
Light
Aluminum plate
Aluminum brown
plate
Yellow Dark brown

Which statement below is the result of the experience above?

以下那一組是以上實驗之結論？

只看普通斑葉得出之結論 綜合兩個實驗得出之結論
Result by only observing the normal Result by observing both leaves
leaf
A 葉綠素對光合作用是必要的 葉綠素對光合作用是必要的
.
Chlorophyll is essential for Chlorophyll are essential for
photosynthesis photosynthesis
B 葉綠素對光合作用是必要的 葉綠素和光對光合作用是必要的
.
Chlorophyll is essential for Chlorophyll and light are essential for
photosynthesis photosynthesis
C 葉綠素和光對光合作用是必要的 葉綠素對光合作用是必要的
.
Chlorophyll and light are essential for Chlorophyll are essential for
photosynthesis photosynthesis
D 葉綠素和光對光合作用是必要的 葉綠素和光對光合作用是必要的
.
Chlorophyll and light are essential for Chlorophyll and light are essential for
photosynthesis photosynthesis
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

E 葉綠素和水對光合作用是必要的 葉綠素、水和光對光合作用是必要的
.
Chlorophyll and water are essential Chlorophyll, water and light are
for photosynthesis essential for photosynthesis

7. According to the food chain below, if the number of sparrow sharply decrease because of human activity,
which statement describing other species below is correct?
根據以下食物網資料所示，如果麻雀的數量因為人類活動而銳減，請問以下那一組對其他物種的
描述是正確的。

Food Chain

Eagle
Sparrow

Rabbit Grasshopper

Grass

兔子 蚱蜢 鷹
Rabbit Grasshopper Eagle
A 競爭增加 競爭增加 數量上升
More competitive More competitive Number increase
B 競爭減少 競爭增加 數量上升
Less competitive More competitive Number increase
C 競爭增加 競爭減少 數量下降
Less competitive Less competitive Number decrease
D 競爭減少 競爭減少 數量下降
Less competitive Less competitive Number decrease
E 競爭增加 競爭減少 數量不受影響
More competitive Less competitive Number remain
unchanged
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

8. Which cell inside the leaf does not contain chlorophyll?

葉片上那一種細胞是不會有葉綠體？

A. Palisade mesophyll
欄狀葉肉
B. Guard cells
保衛細胞
C. xylem
木質部
D. Only (A) and (C)
(A)和(C)皆沒有
E. Only (B) and (C)
(B)和(C)皆沒有

9. Leo has revised at home for a long time. Then he moves her vision toward the sea outside window from
the book. What will be changed of
小奧正在家中溫習良久，他的視線從書枱上的課本移向窗外的大海，他眼球內的對焦肌肉、晶狀
體及眼球形狀有何改變？

對焦肌肉 晶狀體 眼球形狀

Ciliary muscle Lens Eyeball shape
A 收縮 變厚 變長
B 收縮 變薄 不變
C 放鬆 變厚 變長
D 放鬆 變薄 變長
E 放鬆 變薄 不變
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

10. Doctor notes that sunglasses without UV protection increase the damage on eye since the eye will receive
more UV light. There is a chance to cause transient blindness and macular degeneration or cataract in
long term. It is because:
醫生表示：無防紫外線能力的太陽眼鏡，會導致雙眼接收的紫外光更多，眼睛受損更大，並有機
會出現短暫性失明。長遠影響黃斑點病變或白內障等眼疾，這是因為：

A. Visible light can offset the absorption of UV light in the eye originally
色光進入眼球後本來可以抵消眼睛對紫外光的吸收。
B. Visible light mixed with UV light can neutralize the damage toward the eye originally
色光混合紫外光本來可以中和紫外光對眼睛的影響。
C. Visible light can inhibit UV light producing vitamin D inside the eyeball originally
色光本來會抑制紫外光在眼球內生產維他命 D。
D. Visible light may lead pupil contraction and reduce the amount of light toward the eyeball originally.
色光本來會令瞳孔收縮，降低進內眼球的光線(包括紫外線)的總量。
E. Visible light may lead pupil expansion and reduce the amount of light absorbed by lens originally
色光本來會令瞳孔擴闊，降低中心晶狀體所接收的光線(包括紫外線)的總量。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

Chemistry
化學

11. An airship gains their lift from large gasbags filled with a lifting gas (i.e. Hydrogen and Helium) that is
less dense than the surrounding air. Nowadays airships are more often using Helium rather than
Hydrogen. It is because:
飛船通過向氣囊中充入密度小於空氣的氣體（如氫氣和氦氣）來產生淨浮力，從而獲得能克服自
身重量的升力升空。現代飛艇更多地使用氦氣，這是因為：

A. Helium is more stable than Hydrogen

氦氣比氫氣穩定，不容易爆炸
B. Helium has less mass than Hydrogen
氦氣的質量比氫氣低
C. Helium is high dense than Hydrogen
氦氣的密度比氫氣高
D. Only (A) and (C)
(A)和(C)皆是
E. Only (B) and (C)
(B)和(C)皆是

12. Which of the human activity below causes global warming?

以下那一種人類活動會導致全球暖化？

A. Beef cattle grazing release methane

肉牛放牧產生出甲烷
B. Burning forest release carbon dioxide
燃燒樹林產生二氧化碳
C. Using compressed gas release chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
使用壓縮氣體時釋出氯氟碳化物
D. Over fishing increase the oxygen content in ocean
過渡捕魚導致海水中含氧量上升
E. Use nitrous oxide during surgery
手術室中使用之氧化亞氮(笑氣)
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

13. The reaction while mixing acid and alkali is called neutralization. Heat will release during the reaction.
Now we mix hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide and measure the temperature increase. After that
we increase the concentration and amount of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide and mix together.
What is the difference between these two experience?
酸和鹼混合時所產之反應為中和反應，過程中會釋放熱力。我們把漒水（氫氯酸）和通渠水（氫
氧化鈉）混合並使用溫度計量度上升之溫度。其後，我們把濃度更高、份量更高的漒水和通渠水
混合。請問這次實驗溫度的升幅跟之前有何分別？

A. The temperature will increase more since there are more acidic particles and alkaline particles.
溫度升幅會比之前高，因為酸性物質和鹼性物質比之前更多。
B. The temperature increase will be similar since the reactions are the same.
溫度升幅會跟之前相約，因為反應一樣。
C. The temperature will increase less since the moisture increase.
溫度升幅會比之前低，因為需加熱的水份增加。
D. The temperature increase will be similar since the reactive particles and the moisture both increase.
溫度升幅會跟之前相約，因為反應物質增加的同時水份增加。
E. The temperature will increase less since the reaction affected by too many reactive particles.
溫度升幅會比之前低，因為反應物質太多反而影響反應。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

14. Mary puts magnesium strip, magnesium grain and magnesium powder into test tubes respectively. Each
test tube contains same volume and concentration of diluted sulfuric acid. Then she connect the tubes
with manometer with pipe. Here is the result.
小科把長鎂條、鎂粒和鎂粉加入試管中，每支試管盛相同體積和濃度的稀釋硫酸。然後，他把釋
出氣體用輸送管接通氣壓計。下表顯示實驗結果：

金屬狀態 長鎂條 鎂粒 鎂粉
Metal situation Magnesium strip Magnesium grain Magnesium powder
鎂金屬質量(g) 40 40 40
Mass of magnesium (g)
稀釋硫酸容量(ml) 500 500 500
Volume of diluted
sulfuric acid (ml)
氣壓計數值到達 112 78 41

105kPa 所需時間(秒)
Time taken of the
manometer value to
105kPa (s)

According to the result above, which of the following statement can Mary conclude?
根據以上的實驗結果，小科能得出以下哪項結論？

A. The volume of acid affects the rate of reaction of magnesium

酸的容量影響鎂發生反應的速率。
B. The concentration of acid affects the rate of reaction of magnesium
酸的濃度影響鎂發生反應的速率。
C. The type of metal affects the rate of reaction
金屬的種類影響反應的速率。
D. The mass of metal affects the rate of reaction
金屬的質量影響反應的速率。
E. The surface area of metal affects the rate of reaction
金屬的表面面積影響反應的速率。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

15. Carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide can both dissolve in water. However, only sulfur dioxide
and nitric oxide are label as the main reason of acid rain. It is because:
二氧化碳、二氧化硫和氧化氮皆可溶於雨水內，但只有二氧化硫和氧化氮被視為酸雨的主要成因。
這是因為：

A. Carbon dioxide is slightly soluble in water. Sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide are fully soluble in water.
二氧化碳只能微溶於水，二氧化硫和氧化氮可全溶於水。
B. Dissolving carbon dioxide in water releasing different acidic material as dissolving sulfur dioxide
and nitric oxide in water.
二氧化碳溶水跟二氧化硫和氧化氮溶水時出現的酸性物質不同。
C. Carbon dioxide has higher density than sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide so that it is more difficult to
dissolve in water.
二氧化碳的密度較二氧化硫和氧化氮高，所以較難溶於水裏。
D. Carbon dioxide has higher density than sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide so that it is more difficult to
dissolve in the rain inside cloud.
二氧化碳的密度較二氧化硫和氧化氮高，所以較難跟雲層內的雨水結合。
E. The reaction between carbon dioxide and water is not as strong as sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide
with water.
二氧化碳對水的化學反應不及二氧化硫和氧化氮強烈。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

Integrated Science
綜合科學

16. Cover the left eye and look at the circle below by your right eye. When you adjust the distance between
you and the paper, the square will disappear.
用手遮掩你的左眼，用右眼直視下圖的圓圈。當你把紙放到某特定距離時，正方形會消失。

Ο □
It is because:
這是因為：

A. You have short-sighted

你患上了近視。
B. You have long- sighted
你患上了遠視。
C. The image of square projects toward part of eyeball without visual cell
正方形的影像焦到眼球上沒有視細胞的地方。
D. The image of circle replaces the position of the image of square
圓形的影像取代了正方形的影像位置。
E. The image of circle projects on the blind spot which disturbed us to observe other image.
圓形的影像投射在盲點上，阻礙我們細心觀察其他影像。

17. Sound propagation is the fastest in steel, than water, than air. It is because:
聲音在鋼鐵傳播的速度最快，其次是水，空氣則最慢。這是因為

A. The speed of sound propagation is related to the motion of particle. Particle in solid cannot move,
particle in liquid can slightly move and particle in gas move freely
聲音傳播速度跟粒子的運動狀態有關，固體粒子不能移動，液體能輕微移動，氣體則能隨意
移動。
B. The speed of sound propagation is related to the motion of particle. Particle in solid can only vibrate
in certain area, particle in liquid can move in the lower part of container and particle in gas can
move freely
聲音傳播速度跟粒子的運動狀態有關，固體粒子只能在特定範圍震動，液體能在容器的低部
隨意移動，氣體則能在空間內完全隨意移動。
C. The density of solid is higher than liquid, the density of liquid is higher than gas
固體的密度比液體高，液體的密度比氣體高。
D. The density of metal is higher than ice, the density of ice is higher than solid gas
金屬的密度比冰高，冰的密度比固態空氣高。
E. The density of steel is higher than water, the density of water is higher than air
鋼鐵的密度比水高，水的密度比空氣高。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

18. After adding 100ml of white vinegar into 40g sodium bicarbonate powder, we transfer the gas released
into a bottle of lime water. Then, after adding 100ml of hydrochoric acid into 20g sodium bicarbonate
tablets, we transfer the gas released into another bottle of lime water.
用 100ml 白醋加進 40g 碳酸氫鈉粉後，我們把釋出的氣體傳進石灰水內。之後我們用 100ml 氫氯
酸加進 20g 碳酸氫鈉片後，我們再把釋出的氣體傳進另一瓶石灰水內。(註:發粉內含碳酸氫鈉)

Then we record the result of both experiments respectively:

之後我們分別寫下兩個實驗的實驗結果：

實驗內容 反應開始時 反應完結後

Content of experiment Reaction start Reaction finish
100ml 白醋加進 40g 碳酸氫鈉粉 氣體的釋出較慢 石灰水內的白色沉澱物較多
adding 100ml of white vinegar into Gases release More white precipitate inside
40g sodium bicarbonate powder slowly the lime water

100ml 氫氯酸加進 20g 碳酸氫鈉片 氣體的釋出較快 石灰水內的白色沉澱物較少

adding 100ml of hydrochoric acid Gases release Less white precipitate inside
into 20g sodium bicarbonate tablets quickly the lime water

Which statement below can be the conclusion of these experiments?

以下那個是本實驗可得出之結論？

A. The acidic particle in hydrochoric acid is denser

氫氯酸內的酸性粒子濃密較高。
B. Reaction of sodium bicarbonate powder with acid release more carbon dioxide
40g 碳酸氫鈉粉跟酸進行反應時所釋出的二氧化碳含量較多。
C. Reaction of sodium bicarbonate with white vinegar release more carbon dioxide than with
hydrochoric acid
白醋比氫氯酸在跟碳酸氫鈉進行反應時能釋出更多的二氧化碳。
D. Sodium bicarbonate powder have larger surface area so that the reaction rate is higher in the
beginning
碳酸氫鈉粉的接觸面積較大，所以初始反應率較高。
E. None of the above
並不能得出以上任何結論。
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

19. Providing a serving of carbon monoxide which is fatal to mammalian into the living environment of
grasshopper. There is no obvious effect to the life of grasshopper. It is because:
以足夠令哺乳類動物致死份量的一氧化碳通往蚱蜢的居住環境中，蚱蜢的生命並無明顯受影響，
這是因為：

A. Grasshopper would not be affected by any poisonous gas

蚱蜢並不受任何毒氣影響。
B. Grasshopper contains cells against carbon monoxide
蚱蜢的身體內有對付一氧化碳的細胞。
C. Grasshopper has stronger anti-toxicity than mammalian
蚱蜢的抗毒性比哺乳類動物強。
D. Absorbing Carbon monoxide is not fatal as mammalian
蚱蜢對一氧化碳的吸收不會像哺乳類動物般出現致命機制。
E. Grasshopper doesn’t process gas exchange
蚱蜢不會進行氣體交換。

20. By using Bunsen burner to heat the oxidized mercury inside the test tube, we can observe there exist
silver liquid inside the tube. Now we collect the released gas by test tube and conduct experiment. Which
of the following statement is the result?
使用本生燈去加熱試管內的氧化汞(氧化水銀)，發現試管內的有銀色液體出現。這時我們把反應中
釋出的氣體用試管收集並進行實驗，以下那一個會是實驗結果。
A. Add bicarbonate indicator into tube then shake, the indicator will change the coulor from red to
yellow
把碳酸氫鹽指示劑加入試管內搖晃，指示劑會由紅色變為黃色。
B. Put a burning splint into the tube and it will be extinguished
把燃燒中的木條放進試管內，火焰將會熄滅。
C. Put a burning splint into the tube and the flame remain unchanged
把燃燒中的木條放進試管內，火焰不受影響。
D. Put a burning splint into the tube and it will be enhanced
把燃燒中的木條放進試管內，火焰會燒得更猛烈。
E. Put a burning splint into the tube and there exist a distinctive 'squeaky pop' sound
把燃燒中的木條放進試管內，會出現「卜」的一聲。

~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~