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Section One-Bus.103

The document summarizes different types of production systems: - Job-shop production involves manufacturing low volumes of unique products using general purpose machines. Planning is essential due to the uniqueness of each job. - Batch production produces limited quantities of a few products in batches that may have different routes through departments. Setup times between batches add to costs and lead times. - Mass production justifies dedicated high-output machines by producing large volumes of standardized products through continuous flow lines with automatic material handling. Production planning and control is easier. - Continuous production arranges facilities in a fixed sequence to automatically feed materials through operations to the finished product without identifying components with the final product. Planning and scheduling is routine.

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60 views3 pages

Section One-Bus.103

The document summarizes different types of production systems: - Job-shop production involves manufacturing low volumes of unique products using general purpose machines. Planning is essential due to the uniqueness of each job. - Batch production produces limited quantities of a few products in batches that may have different routes through departments. Setup times between batches add to costs and lead times. - Mass production justifies dedicated high-output machines by producing large volumes of standardized products through continuous flow lines with automatic material handling. Production planning and control is easier. - Continuous production arranges facilities in a fixed sequence to automatically feed materials through operations to the finished product without identifying components with the final product. Planning and scheduling is routine.

Uploaded by

Mina Tarek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section One

Bus.103 E
Unit One (Part One)
Quick summary on the main points
Production management
The set of interrelated management activities, which are involved in manufacturing
certain products.
Operations management
If the same concept is extended to services management.
Concept of Production
The step-by-step conversion of one form of material into another form through
chemical or mechanical process to create or enhance the utility of the product to
the user.
The Production System
It is a transformation activity whereby resources, flowing within a defined system,
are combined and transformed in a controlled manner to add value in accordance
with the policies communicated by management.
Classification of Production systems
Job-Shop Production
Job-shop production is characterized by manufacturing one or few quantities of
products, designed and produced as per specifications of customers and within
prefixed time and cost.
Characteristics:
1. Low volume of production and high variety of products.
2. Use of general-purpose machines and facilities.
3. Highly skilled operators who can take up each job as a challenge because of
uniqueness.
4. Large inventory of materials, tools, parts.
5. Detailed planning is essential for sequencing the requirements of each product,
capacities for each work center and order priorities.
Batch Production
American Production and Inventory Control Society (APICS) defines Batch
Production as a form of manufacturing in which the job pass through the functional
departments in lots or batches and each lot may have a different routing.
Characteristics:
1. A limited number of products produced
2. Shorter production runs.
3. Plant and machinery are flexible.
4. Plant and machinery set up is used for the production of item in a batch and
change of set up is required for processing the next batch.
5. Manufacturing lead-time and cost are lower as compared to job order
production
Hint: Lead-time measures how long it takes to complete a process from beginning
to end.
Mass Production
Manufacture of discrete parts ‫أجزاء منفصلة‬or assemblies using a continuous process
are called Mass Production. This production system is justified by very large volume
of production. The machines are arranged in a line or product layout. Product and
process standardization exists and all outputs follow the same path.
Characteristics:
1. Standardization of product and process sequence.
2. Dedicated special purpose machines having higher production capacities and
output rates.
3. Large volume of products.
4. Shorter cycle time of production.
5. Lower in-process inventory.
6. Perfectly balanced production lines.
7. Flow of materials, components and parts is continuous and without any back
tracking.
8. Production planning and control is easy.
9. Material handling can be completely automatic.
Continuous Production
Production facilities are arranged as per the sequence of production operations
from the first operations to the finished product. The items are made to flow
through the sequence of operations through material handling devices such as
conveyors, transfer devices, etc.
Characteristics:
1. Dedicated plant and equipment with zero flexibility.
2. Material handling is fully automated.
3. Process follows a predetermined sequence of operations.
4. Component materials cannot be readily identified with final product.
5. Planning and scheduling is a routine action.

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