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Plasma Proteins: DR Navpreet Mann Deptt of Physiology

The document discusses the major plasma proteins, including albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, and prothrombin. It describes the processes used to separate plasma components and the sites where different proteins are synthesized. The main functions of plasma proteins are maintaining colloidal osmotic pressure, acting as a buffer, participating in coagulation and fibrinolysis, transporting hormones and vitamins, and serving as a protein reservoir.

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75 views26 pages

Plasma Proteins: DR Navpreet Mann Deptt of Physiology

The document discusses the major plasma proteins, including albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, and prothrombin. It describes the processes used to separate plasma components and the sites where different proteins are synthesized. The main functions of plasma proteins are maintaining colloidal osmotic pressure, acting as a buffer, participating in coagulation and fibrinolysis, transporting hormones and vitamins, and serving as a protein reservoir.

Uploaded by

Riya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Plasma Proteins

Dr Navpreet Mann
Deptt of Physiology
Introduction
Extracellular Fluid RBC

Interstitial
Fluid Blood
WBC

Plasma
Cellular Plasma
elements
Separation of Components

• Ultracentrifugation
• Cohn’s fractionation
• Immunoelectro - 55%

phoresis
45%
• Salt precipitation
Plasma proteins

• 6.4- 8.3 gm%


• Albumin 3.5-5 gm%
• Globulin 2-3 gm%
• Fibrinogen 0.2-0.45
• Prothrombin 0.03

• A/G Ratio = 1.7 : 1


Sites of Synthesis
• Embryo: Mesenchymal cells
• Adult:
• Albumin, Fibrinogen: RE cells of Liver
• Globulin (α,β): Liver, spleen & bone marrow
• Globulin (γ): B lymphocytes
Properties of
plasma proteins
Molecular weight
• Albumin: 69000
• Globulin: 90000-156000
• Fibrinogen: 500000
• Prothrombin: 68000
Osmotic pressure: 25mm Hg
Specific gravity: 1.026
• Can ionise either as acid or base
Due to side chain amino group -NH2- &
carboxyl group -COOH-

Proteins act as
• anion in alkaline solution
• cation in acidic solution
Functions of
plasma proteins
1. Maintenance of
Colloidal osmotic pressure
• Oncotic pressure/ C.O.P
• 28 mm Hg
• 19- proteins
• 9- Donnan effect

• NFP = Pc - Pif - Пp + Пif


NFP is +ve

net fluid filtration

across the capillaries Protein

NFP is –ve

net fluid absorption


from interstitial spaces into the capillaries
Colloidal osmotic pressure
• COP: arterial end 15-25
30-40 10-15
mmHg > venous end mmHg mmHg

• Fluid “filters” out of


capillaries: arterial end

• Venous end reabsorbs back


Net filtration pressure
arterial end
Fluid outwards
Hydrostatic Pressure (Capillary) 30
Negative Hydrostatic Pr (Interstitium) 3
C.O.P. (Interstitium) 8
41
Fluid inwards
C.O.P. (Capillary) 28
N.F.P. = +13 mmHg
Arterial end

Hydrostatic P = 30mm Hg
Osmotic P = 28 mm Hg

Hydrostatic P = - 3 mm Hg
Osmotic P = 8 mm Hg
• Promoting= 30+ 3+ 8= 41
• Opposing= 28
NFP = 41 – 28 = +13mm Hg (filtration)
Net filtration pressure
venous end
Fluid outwards
Hydrostatic Pressure (Capillary) 10
Hydrostatic Pressure (Interstitium) 3
C.O.P. (Interstitium) 8
21
Fluid inwards
C.O.P. (Capillary) 28
N.F.P. = -7 mmhg
Venous end

Hydrostatic P = 10 mm Hg
Osmotic P = 28 mm Hg

Hydrostatic P = - 3 mm Hg
Osmotic P = 8 mm Hg

• Promoting= 10+ 3+ 8 = 21
• Opposing= 28
NFP = 21 – 28 = -7mm hg (reabsorption)
2. Viscosity
• Shape & size
Less symmetrical the molecule
Greater the viscosity
Greater resistance
Higher BP
• Fibrinogen fibrillar
• Lowest conc
3. Buffering action
• Proteins contribute 15%

total capacity

• Acidic pH -NH2- acts base

accepts proton

• Basic pH -COOH- acts acid

donates proton
4. Defense mechanism
Mainly gamma globulins against microorganisms
5. Coagulation
• Prothrombin • Fibrinogen
6. Fibrinolytic function
• Digests
intravascular clot
(Thrombus)

• Saves from
intravascular
thrombosis
7. Suspension Stability
• Property of RBCs to
remain suspended

• Globulin &
Fibrinogen

mainly responsible
Aggregation

Sedimentation
8. Transport
• Hormones
• Thyroxine: Thyroxine binding globulin (TBG)
• Cortisol: Transcortin
• Vitamins
• A,D,E: HDL, LDL
• B12 : Transcobalamin
• Metals
• Iron: Transferrin Copper: Ceruloplasmin
9. Reservoir
• Serve as a reservoir from
which the same are
released slowly
• Fasting/ Starvation
• Depletion- proteins
• Excessive catabolism

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